Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/06—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating
  • A41D31/065—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating using layered materials
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
  • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
  • Y10T442/3187—Triaxially woven fabric
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/45—Knit fabric is characterized by a particular or differential knit pattern other than open knit fabric or a fabric in which the strand denier is specified
  • Y10T442/456—Including additional strand inserted within knit fabric
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/488—Including an additional knit fabric layer

Definitions

• the invention relates to the technical sector of textile articles which can be used as thermal insulators, in particular for the production of complex textiles for protection against risks linked to fire.
• the invention advantageously relates to an application of the textile complex for making intervention and protective clothing for firefighters. Obviously, this application should not be considered as limiting.
• the textile complex according to the invention finds application in all cases where one is in the presence of extreme conditions, for example during a fire, and more generally to provide protection against a high heat source.
• multilayer structures are used, in a known manner, which consist of four elements, namely: an external fabric (A); a waterproof-breathable membrane, generally associated with a substrate (B); - a thermal barrier generally constituted by a needle felt (C); a finishing lining (D).
• A external fabric
• B waterproof-breathable membrane
• C thermal barrier
• D finishing lining
• this type of protective clothing must have a certain number of criteria, in particular protection against radiant heat and against convective heat, have good thermal stability of the constituent materials, meet criteria of pure flammability and have good waterproofing.
• thermal insulator constituted by a knitted fabric three-dimensional, as shown in the teaching of patent EP 0.443.991, or by a felt capable of trapping air, as shown in the teaching of patent EP 0.364.370.
• the thermal insulation, resulting from the trapped air, provides significant protection against heat flows.
• the thermal insulator three-dimensional mesh or felt
• the feel and the appearance are not satisfactory.
• the garment is often considered as unhygienic, unpleasant to wear and unsightly hence the need to associate with the textile complex produced, a lining of cleanliness. This solution however tends to weigh down the complex while complicating its preparation.
• the complex comprises two completely independent layers, arranged in two parallel planes in order to delimit a space for the positioning of a shape memory material.
• the shape memory material varies the space between the two layers.
• a textile complex for thermal insulation has been designed and developed, in particular for the production of protective clothing having a woven or knitted structure having at least two walls linked in a spaced manner by a plurality of threads. which naturally tends to lie down, so that in this position the spacing is reduced and less than the length of the connecting wires.
• At least one of the walls, in particular the wall intended to be subjected to heat, is capable of shrinking under the effect of heat to cause, concomitantly, the straightening of the connecting wires corresponding to an increase spacing between said walls made in whole or in part to be thermostable.
• the connecting threads are partially woven or knitted with each of the layers.
• each wall or layer results from an interlacing of warp threads and weft threads
• the connecting threads are arranged in a warp, the coating of said threads being carried out in the weft direction.
• connection wire made of para-aramid material makes it possible, on the one hand, to obtain good resilience and, on the other hand, sufficient resistance to compression when the thermal barrier has been partially charred. , taking into account the thermostability characteristics of the connecting wire.
• the warp and weft threads of each wall are selected from those of the family of polyamide-imides of the type of those known under the brand "KERMEL", in pure form or as a mixture with other fibers.
• Each wall has the same density of wires, or the two walls have different densities of wires.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating, as indicated, a multilayer complex of the type of those perfectly known and used to date for the production of clothing for intervention personnel under risk conditions, in particular clothing for firefighters ;
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the textile complex according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a purely schematic nature showing the textile complex subjected to a temperature considered normal; in this position, the connecting wires are lying;
• FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to Figure 3 showing, under the effect of significant heat, the retraction of one of the walls causing the straightening of the connecting wires and the increase in the thickness of the complex;
• FIG. 5 is a graph showing the response of the complex during the temperature rise in the case of radiant heat
• FIG. 6 is a graph showing the response of the complex during the temperature rise in the case of convective heat.
• the principle of the textile complex according to the invention is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings.
• the complex has a woven or knitted structure having two walls or layers (PI) and (P2) linked in a spaced manner by a plurality of threads (F).
• the connecting threads (F) are partially woven or knitted with each of the layers.
• the connecting wires (F) have a natural tendency to lie on their sides, so that the thickness (e) of the complex considered between the two layers (PI) and (P2), is less important than the length of the connecting wires. It therefore follows that a straightening of these connecting son, will cause, correspondingly, an increase in space (e).
• At least one of the walls in particular the wall (PI) intended to be subjected to significant heat, is capable of shrinking under the effect of said heat. It follows that when the temperature reached by the layer (PI) is sufficiently high, of the order of 200 to 300 ° C. for example, there may be, as schematically shown in FIG. 4, a retraction of said layer, which will have the effect of straightening the connecting son (F) causing, concomitantly, an increase in thickness (e) as the temperature rises. This obviously results in an increase in the insulating capacity of such a complex.
• each wall or layer (PI) and (P2) results from an interlacing of warp and weft threads.
• the connecting wires, (F) are arranged in a warp, so that the coating of the latter takes place in the direction of the weft.
• the production of this type of complex by weaving or knitting yarns is perfectly known to a person skilled in the art.
• the connecting wires (F) are a para-aramid known for its very good thermostability, which makes it possible to obtain, on the one hand, good resilience and, on the other hand On the other hand, sufficient resistance to compression, when the thermal barrier is partially charred.
• At least one of the walls is woven or knitted from threads comprising thermostable threads.
• each wall (PI) and (P2) are advantageously selected from those of the meta-aramid family in pure or mixed form, of the type of those known under the brand "KERMEL” (RHODIA) or “NOMEX” (DUPONT) or "CONEX” (TEIJLN).
• the wall (PI) is made of warp threads (Cl) and of weft threads (Tl), of heat-shrinkable material.
• Tl is heat shrinkable.
• the wall (P2) is made of warp threads (C2) and of weft threads (T2).
• the house threads (F) are advantageously constituted by a warp thread connecting the weft threads (T1) and (T2) of each of the walls (PI) and (P2).
• Each wall (PI) and (P2) can have, by weaving or knitting, the same density of yarn. Or, for each wall, this density can be different.
• the densest weaving or knitting constitutes the wall intended to be directed towards the user, advantageously acting as a lining.
• the thermostable wires used can be made of artificial or natural synthetic material, or a mixture.
• threads based on meta-aramid for example metaphenylene isophthalamide or polyamide-imide, are used, optionally in combination with flame-retardant viscose. It is also possible to use yarns based on a mixture of modacrylic fibers and flame retardant cotton.
• the length of the spacing wire between the walls (PI) and (P2) determines the space (e) between these walls and therefore the thickness of the air mattress thus formed for thermal insulation.
• the length of the connecting wire (F) is preferably between 1 and 10 mm approximately.
• the spacer wire is advantageously a para-aramid-based wire such as paraphenylene terephthalamide for example ("KEVLAR” from DUPONT, “TWARON” and “TECHNORA” from TEIJIN)
• the textile complex as defined according to the characteristics of the invention can be used alone or in combination with other plies of threads or fibers to constitute a multilayer article of the type of those known to a person skilled in the art (FIG. 1).
• the complex as defined is combined with a sheet made of a flame-retardant textile and a sheet made of a membrane.
• the membrane is preferably between the flame-retardant textile and the textile thermal insulation complex according to the invention.
• the flame retardant textile is intended to form a face or wall which will not be in contact with the user.
• the flame retardant textile preferably consists of a fabric based on metaphenylene isophthalamide threads or fibers or polyamide-imide, optionally with threads or fibers of paraphenylene terephthalamide, and / or threads or fibers antistatic or other para-aramid or fibers or threads type PBO or PBI.
• the membrane can consist of a microporous or hydrophilic film, for example based on polytetrafluoroethylene, flame retardant polyurethane or polyester.
• This membrane may be free in the complex or associated, for example, by bonding to a textile support, such as a fabric or a nonwoven based on meta-aramid or polyamide-imide fibers.
• this withdrawal effect from one of the layers can also result from the presence of a membrane fixed to the layer in question.
• this membrane can be made of any material capable of exhibiting shrinkage under the effect of heat such as microporous polyurethane, hydrophilic polyurethane, hydrophilic polyester, etc.
• the complex according to the invention in combination with a flame-retardant textile and a membrane finds a particularly advantageous application for the manufacture of a garment for protection against risks linked to fire, for example a firefighter jacket.
• the warp threads (Cl) of the wall (PI) consist of yarns of polyamide-imide fibers of Nm 80/2 title with a density of 13 threads / cm;
• the weft threads (Tl) of the wall (PI) consist of yarns of polyarnide-imide fibers of Nm 60/1 title and density 27 picks / cm;
• the warp (C2) and weft (T2) threads of the wall (P2) consist of yarns of polyamide-imide fibers of Nm 80/2 titer with respective densities 20 and 27 threads / cm;
• the spacing warp yarns (F) consist of yarns of para-aramid fibers of Nm 80/2 title with a density of 6 yarns / cm;
• the areal mass of the article is approximately 240 g / m2 and the spacing between the walls (PI) and (P2), approximately 2 mm in the normal position (lying connection).

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Thermal Insulation (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Priority Applications (11)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=8869281

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (17)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (10)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2001
  • 2001-11-07 FR FR0114573A patent/FR2831772B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-11-07 WO PCT/FR2002/003804 patent/WO2003039281A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2002-11-07 PT PT02796838T patent/PT1441613E/pt unknown
  • 2002-11-07 US US10/494,798 patent/US20050070189A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-11-07 DE DE60216957T patent/DE60216957T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-11-07 AU AU2002361312A patent/AU2002361312B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2002-11-07 DK DK02796838T patent/DK1441613T3/da active
  • 2002-11-07 BR BRPI0214063-2A patent/BR0214063B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-11-07 NZ NZ532393A patent/NZ532393A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-11-07 ES ES02796838T patent/ES2279000T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-11-07 AT AT02796838T patent/ATE348541T1/de active
  • 2002-11-07 CN CNA028215923A patent/CN1578633A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-11-07 JP JP2003541386A patent/JP4319912B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-11-07 CA CA2464718A patent/CA2464718C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-11-07 EP EP02796838A patent/EP1441613B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-11-07 HU HU0402008A patent/HUP0402008A2/hu unknown
• 2004
  • 2004-05-06 NO NO20041864A patent/NO20041864L/no unknown

Patent Citations (6)

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