WO2003027396A1 - Elements de marquage au sol contenant des fibres polymeres synthetiques - Google Patents

Elements de marquage au sol contenant des fibres polymeres synthetiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003027396A1
WO2003027396A1 PCT/US2002/030749 US0230749W WO03027396A1 WO 2003027396 A1 WO2003027396 A1 WO 2003027396A1 US 0230749 W US0230749 W US 0230749W WO 03027396 A1 WO03027396 A1 WO 03027396A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pavement marking
composition
synthetic polymeric
thermoplastic
polymeric fibers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/030749
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Randall H. Helland
Chin Yee Ng
Original Assignee
3M Innovative Properties Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3M Innovative Properties Company filed Critical 3M Innovative Properties Company
Priority to EP02778376A priority Critical patent/EP1444403A1/fr
Priority to JP2003530945A priority patent/JP2005504197A/ja
Publication of WO2003027396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003027396A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/08—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/506—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users characterised by the road surface marking material, e.g. comprising additives for improving friction or reflectivity; Methods of forming, installing or applying markings in, on or to road surfaces
    • E01F9/512—Preformed road surface markings, e.g. of sheet material; Methods of applying preformed markings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/576—Traffic lines
    • E01F9/578—Traffic lines consisting of preformed elements, e.g. tapes, block-type elements specially designed or arranged to make up a traffic line
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]

Definitions

  • thermoplastic pavement marking compositions comprising synthetic polymeric fibers.
  • Pavement markings are typically used to delineate the boundaries for lanes of traffic on a roadway.
  • the marking may extend continuously, such as along the outermost boundaries of the driving lanes, or intermittently, such as between lanes.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,490,432 relates to a pavement-marking sheet material which comprises a non-crosslinked elastomeric precursor such as acrylonitrile-butadiene polymer; a thermoplastic polymer such as polyethylene which reinforces the sheet material, e.g., by orientation of the thermoplastic polymer so that the calendered product exhibits greater strength downweb than crossweb; and a particulate inorganic filler, which preferably includes platelet- type fillers such as talc, mica, or magnesium silicate.
  • a non-crosslinked elastomeric precursor such as acrylonitrile-butadiene polymer
  • a thermoplastic polymer such as polyethylene which reinforces the sheet material, e.g., by orientation of the thermoplastic polymer so that the calendered product exhibits greater strength downweb than crossweb
  • a particulate inorganic filler which preferably includes platelet- type fillers such as talc, mica, or magnesium silicate.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,194,113 (Lasch et al.) relates to thermoplastic-based pavement marking sheets.
  • the marking sheets employ a conformant composite material including: polyolefin a nonreinforcing mineral particulate; and/or a thermoplastic upper surface.
  • the sheet's thermoplastic upper surface is embedded with reflective elements and or skid-resistant particles.
  • a solventless process of embedding particles in thermoplastic pavement marking sheets is disclosed. Processes for preparing marking sheets are also disclosed. Conformant pavement marking sheets which may be applied in cooler conditions are also disclosed.
  • Thermoplastic pavement marking materials are 100% solids compounds typically containing a thermoplastic polymeric material, pigments, filler and glass spheres. Hot- applied thermoplastic is prepared for road deposition in a melting apparatus where granular or block material is introduced and heated until the material liquefies at temperatures in excess of 400°F (204°C). Alkyd thermoplastics tend to be preferred over hydrocarbon thermoplastic compositions in view of such compositions being oil impervious. Thermoplastic pavement markings have had limited commercial success in cold climates due to the tendency of such markings to shatter from the roadway upon impact with a snowplow.
  • pavement marking sheets having a greater strength in one direction (e.g. downweb) versus the other direction (e.g. crossweb) tend to result in reduced conformability and reduced shear strength. Accordingly, industry would find advantage in pavement marking compositions that exhibit a similar downweb and crossweb tear. Further, industry would also find advantage is thermoplastic pavement markings having improved cold temperature performance.
  • thermoplastic pavement markings can be improved by the addition of synthetic polymeric fibers.
  • the invention relates to a pavement marking composition
  • a pavement marking composition comprising synthetic polymeric fibers dispersed within a thermoplastic-based polymeric material.
  • the synthetic polymeric fibers have a melt point greater than the polymeric material such that the fibers retain their fiber form.
  • the invention in another embodiment relates to a method of making a pavement marking comprising providing a composition comprising a thermoplastic-based polymeric material and synthetic polymeric fibers, heating the composition to a temperature wherein the composition is extrudeable and the synthetic polymeric fibers are unmelted; and extruding the composition on a pavement surface.
  • the invention in another embodiment relates to a method of making a pavement marking comprising dry blending a thermoplastic polymer and synthetic polymeric fibers, melting and mixing the blend; and extruding the blend onto a pavement surface at a temperature less than the melt point of the synthetic polymeric fibers.
  • the fibers are preferably randomly dispersed within the polymeric material throughout the sheet.
  • Preferred polymeric fiber materials typically have a melt point greater than about 400°F (204°C) such as in the case of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene and tetrafluoroethylene.
  • the marking composition is sufficiently conformable such that the downweb direction and crossweb direction has a tear ratio ranging from about 0.7 to 1.3 when measured according to ASTM 1938.
  • that composition exhibits good cold temperature properties such that the composition does not shatter into pieces upon impact at cold temperatures.
  • the amount of synthetic polymeric fibers preferably ranges from about 0.2 weight-% to about 2 weight-%.
  • the composition optionally comprises other ingredients selected from the group comprising reflective elements, extender resins, fillers (e.g. magnetic fillers), and pigments.
  • the synthetic polymeric fibers preferably have a fiber length of at least 6mm.
  • the pavement marking composition of the invention comprises synthetic polymeric fibers incorporated into a thermoplastic polymeric material.
  • the synthetic polymeric fibers may be thermoplastic or thermosetting. If the synthetic polymeric fibers are comprised of a thermoplastic material, such material has a melt point greater than the thermoplastic polymeric material the fibers are incorporated within. This insures, that the synthetic polymeric fibers do not substantially melt and thus retain their fiber form. Thus, the synthetic polymeric fibers are dispersed randomly three-dimensionally throughout the polymeric material in the finished marking.
  • the composition of the synthetic polymeric fibers is chosen based on the melt point of the intended thermoplastic-based polymeric material and/or the intended processing temperature.
  • thermoplastic-based polymeric materials have a softening point or melt point ranging from about 240°F (116°C) to about 450°F (232°C).
  • synthetic polymeric fibers that don't fracture at cold temperatures such as fibers comprised of a material having a low glass transition temperature (Tg) as measured according to Diffferential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • DSC Diffferential Scanning Calorimetry
  • the Tg of the synthetic polymer fiber material is preferably less than 30°F (-1°C), for colder climates, the Tg is preferably less than 0°
  • the Tg is preferably less than -20°F (-29°C), and more preferably less than -40°F (-40°C).
  • Suitable synthetic polymeric fiber materials include such polymers as poly olef ins, vinyl copolymers, polyethers (e.g. polyamides), polyacrylates (i.e. acrylic polymers), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, polyesters, polyurethanes, tetrafluoroethylene, and copolymers thereof.
  • the synthetic polymeric fiber is preferably comprised of polyester, polypropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, and copolymers thereof.
  • the fiber length may range from about 3 mm to 40 mm
  • the synthetic polymeric fibers preferably have a fiber length of at least 6 mm (6000 microns, 0.24") and more preferably a length of at least 10mm.
  • the pavement marking composition comprising the synthetic polymeric fibers within a polymeric material in combination with other optional ingredients such as retroreflective elements (e.g. glass beads), filler, pigment, etc. preferably exhibits certain properties.
  • the pavement marking composition is conformable.
  • the ability of the marker to conform to gross defects, such as deep cracks or other depressions commonly present on a pavement surface, can provide a substantial durability advantage over preformed adhesive tapes.
  • the composition of the invention has a downweb and crossweb tear strength of at least 2.5 kilograms per square centimeter at 25 °C when measured according to ASTM 1938.
  • the ratio of the downweb average tear strength of the pavement marking sheet to crossweb tear strength preferably ranges from 0.5 to 2 and more preferably ranges from 0.7 to about 1.3.
  • the pavement marking exhibits improved cold temperature properties.
  • the cold temperature properties can be evaluated by extruding the composition into a 4 inch wide (101mm) strip having a thickness of 1 to 2 mm. The sheet can then be conditioned at the temperature of interest for 4 hours. Immediately after removing the sheet from the conditioning chamber the sheet is struck with a hammer. Poor cold temperature properties is indicated by the sheet breaking into pieces. Good cold temperature properties is indicated by the sheet remaining intact in a single piece, although cracking may be evident. Upon inspection one can typically see the fibers in the cracks.
  • the pavement marking composition generally comprises at least 0.1 weight-% synthetic polymeric fiber, but no more than about 20 weight-%.
  • the amount of synthetic polymeric fiber is less than 10 weight-%, preferably less than 5 weight-% and more preferably less than 2 weight-%, and even more preferably about 1 weight-% or less.
  • the amount of synthetic polymeric fiber is preferably at least 0.2 weight-% and more preferably at least about 0.3 weight-%.
  • the amount of polymeric material preferably ranges from about 10 weight-% to about 85 weight-%.
  • the pavement marking composition may optionally comprise up to about 75 weight-% of other ingredients selected from reflective elements (e,g, glass beads), extender resins, fillers and pigment.
  • the pavement marking composition may further comprise other fibers such as inorganic fiber or other synthetic polymeric fibers, provided the presence of such does not detract from the intended properties.
  • the pavement marking composition is free of glass fibers.
  • thermoplastic polymeric material provides a viscoelastic character, which permits absorption of the forces and pressures of wheeled road traffic without creating internal forces that tend to remove the marking from the roadway.
  • a hydrocarbon or alkyd thermoplastic material is employed.
  • Preferred hydrocarbon thermoplastic materials include acid containing ethylene copolymers.
  • Representative acid containing ethylene copolymers include ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) copolymers and ethylene methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymers, and mixtures of EAA and EMAA; as well as ionically cross-linked EMAA.
  • thermoplastic materials although less preferred for the topmost layer, include ethylene n-butyl acrylate (EnB A), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and blends thereof, as well as poly olef ins.
  • Particularly preferred thermoplastic materials include EMAA polymer commercially available from the E.I. Dupont de Nemours and Company (Dupont) of Wilmington, DE under the trade designation "NUCREL” and ionically cross-linked ethylene methacrylic acid (EMAA) ionomers available from Dupont under the trade designation "Surlyn”.
  • EMAA ionically cross-linked ethylene methacrylic acid
  • polymeric materials i.e. binders
  • Polymeric materials described therein include acrylic polymers and copolymers, olefin polymers and copolymers preferably having a number average molecular weight greater than about 10,000, urethane polymers and copolymers, curable epoxy resins, ester polymers and copolymers, and blends thereof.
  • the pavement marking is based on a thermoplastic material having a low glass transition temperature as previously described with regard to the fiber material.
  • Fillers are generally included in the composition at least for the purpose of enhancing the visibility of the exposed top layer. However, fillers also advantageously enhance properties such as reinforcement, extending, surface hardness, and abrasion resistance.
  • Platelet fillers i.e., fillers having a plate-like shape, such as magnesium silicate, talc, or mica, have been found to contribute the best abrasion resistance and downweb strength properties. Also the platelet fillers make the sheet material harder, which contributes to maintaining a white appearance on the roadway.
  • the platelet fillers have a high ratio of surface area to volume, which enhances their reinforcing ability. Magnetite particles such as strontium platelet fillers may also be employed.
  • Such platelets become aligned in a north south orientation such that high magnetic strength can be achieved for magnetic lane awareness markings. Such markings are described in greater detail in copending U.S. patent application serial no. 10/039654 filed 12-31-01.
  • Other fillers such as needle-type or bead-type fillers, may be employed instead of or in addition to low concentrations of platelet fillers.
  • the amount of filler included in the sheet material of the invention varies with the kind of filler used. Preferably, at least 3 weight-% of platelet fillers are used. With lower amounts of synthetic polymeric fibers, higher amounts of filler are typically desired though fillers in an amount of more than 50 weight-% tend to stiffen the product excessively. Preferably, the amounts of filler ranges from about 5 and about 20 weight-%.
  • Retroreflective elements e.g. transparent icrospheres, cube-corner particles derived from ground sheeting
  • skid-resisting particles e.g. sand particles
  • Retroreflective elements e.g. transparent icrospheres, cube-corner particles derived from ground sheeting
  • skid-resisting particles e.g. sand particles
  • retroreflective elements e.g. transparent icrospheres, cube-corner particles derived from ground sheeting
  • skid-resisting particles e.g. sand particles
  • retroreflective elements e.g. transparent icrospheres, cube-corner particles derived from ground sheeting
  • skid-resisting particles e.g. sand particles
  • retroreflective elements e.g. transparent icrospheres, cube-corner particles derived from ground sheeting
  • skid-resisting particles e.g. sand particles
  • the synthetic polymeric fibers are dry blended with the polymeric material and other optional ingredients forming a relatively homogeneous mixture.
  • the mixture can be supplied in either a granular form or is the form of a block.
  • Various apparatus are commercially available for receiving such forms. Such apparatus heat and agitate the thermoplastic composition until melted and then transfer the melted composition into a screed, ribbon or spray device wherein it is then shaped into the specified width and thickness as a line, legend or symbol.
  • the thermoplastic marking material When applied on asphaltic pavement, the thermoplastic marking material typically forms a sufficient thermal bond via heat fusion.
  • application of a primer is recommended in order that a sufficient mechanical bond is achieved.
  • the marker should be allowed to cool so that the solidified binder material becomes tack-free.
  • Adequate adhesion of the marker to the transportation surface can be evaluated in a variety of ways. Exposure to normal environmental or traffic conditions for a period of time, e.g., one day or more, will give the most reliable test results. However, relatively simple tests such as a boot scuff test or attempting to remove the marker with a putty knife will often be sufficient to determine whether marker has adhered adequately to the transportation surface. In cases where the marker has been applied to asphalt, it may be necessary to allow the asphalt to cool for several hours or more before evaluating adhesion. Asphalt can retain significant heat from the preheating step and may undergo cohesive failure within the asphalt if marker adhesion is tested too soon after the marker has been applied.
  • the composition can be extruded onto a release paper forming a sheet for the purpose of evaluating properties such as conformability and cold temperature properties of the pavement marking composition.
  • the composition may be employed in a pavement marking tape as a conformance layer, such as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,194,113 (Lasch et al).
  • Conformability of a marking can be evaluated in other ways as well.
  • One simple way is to press a layer or sheet of the material by hand against a complex, rough, or textured surface such as a concrete block or asphalt composite pavement, remove the sheet, and observe the degree to which the surface has been replicated in the sheet.
  • Another assessment of the conformance of a marking tape may be obtained as follows. First, the force required to deform the sheet material a suitable amount is measured. Second, a portion of the induced strain is relieved. Finally, the retractive force remaining in the material at the reduced strain level is measured.
  • a specific example of this process would be to deform a sample to 115% of its original length by stretching the sample at a strain rate of 0.05 sec "1 and measuring the stress at 115% deformation, release the strain at the same rate, allow the material to return to 110% of its original length, and measure the retractive force.
  • This measurement may be made using a standard tensile testing apparatus such as, for example, the servohydraulic tensile testers available from MTS Systems Corporation of Minneapolis, Minnesota.
  • Preferred comformable materials exhibit a force to deform the sample to 115% of its original length of less than 35 NT per cm width (20 lbs per inch width), and a retractive force at a subsequent 110% deformation of less than 14 NT per cm width (8 lbs per inch width), although lesser forces are even more preferred.
  • Other measures of conformability are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,194,113, and may also be used in conjunction with the pavement marking tapes of the present invention to evaluate conformance of a sheet material to an irregular surface.
  • the pavement marking preferably has good abrasion resistance as may be indicated by a modified Taber abrasion test.
  • the test uses an H-22 Taber abrader wheel, with a one kilogram weight on the wheel.
  • the test specimen is held under water, and the abrader wheel passed over the specimen for 500 cycles.
  • Sheet material of the invention generally exhibits a loss of no more than about 5 grams in this test.
  • Table I identifies the chemical description, trade designation, supplier and location for each of the ingredients employed in the examples.
  • Table II as follows sets forth the weight percentage of each ingredient employed in Comparative Example A, and Examples 1-2.
  • the materials were dry blended in gallon jars. The mixture was heated on a hot plate until the temperature reached 305°F (152°C) and poured into a heated (300°F/
  • Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example A were conditioned for 4 hours at -40°F. The sample were removed from the freezer and struck with a hammer. Comparative Example A shattered into several pieces. Examples 1 and 2 cracked, yet the pieces did not separate along the crack. Prepared in the same manner, Table III as follows sets forth the weight percentage of each ingredient employed in Comparative Example B, and Examples 3-5.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des compositions thermoplastiques d'éléments de marquage au sol contenant des fibres polymères synthétiques.
PCT/US2002/030749 2001-09-27 2002-09-26 Elements de marquage au sol contenant des fibres polymeres synthetiques WO2003027396A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02778376A EP1444403A1 (fr) 2001-09-27 2002-09-26 Elements de marquage au sol contenant des fibres polymeres synthetiques
JP2003530945A JP2005504197A (ja) 2001-09-27 2002-09-26 合成高分子繊維を含む舗装マーキング

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32527901P 2001-09-27 2001-09-27
US60/325,279 2001-09-27
US10/078,771 2002-02-18
US10/078,771 US7169831B2 (en) 2001-09-27 2002-02-18 Pavement marking composition comprising ceramic fibers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003027396A1 true WO2003027396A1 (fr) 2003-04-03

Family

ID=26760916

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2002/023323 WO2003027395A1 (fr) 2001-09-27 2002-07-22 Composition de marquage de trottoir comprenant des fibres ceramiques
PCT/US2002/030749 WO2003027396A1 (fr) 2001-09-27 2002-09-26 Elements de marquage au sol contenant des fibres polymeres synthetiques

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2002/023323 WO2003027395A1 (fr) 2001-09-27 2002-07-22 Composition de marquage de trottoir comprenant des fibres ceramiques

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US (3) US7169831B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1436464B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP4485791B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN1285659C (fr)
WO (2) WO2003027395A1 (fr)

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JP2005503507A (ja) 2005-02-03
CN1285659C (zh) 2006-11-22
EP1436464A1 (fr) 2004-07-14
EP1444403A1 (fr) 2004-08-11
EP1436464B1 (fr) 2013-01-23
US7169831B2 (en) 2007-01-30
JP4485791B2 (ja) 2010-06-23
US20030099512A1 (en) 2003-05-29
US20030069358A1 (en) 2003-04-10
CN1558974A (zh) 2004-12-29
JP2005504197A (ja) 2005-02-10
CN1558973A (zh) 2004-12-29
WO2003027395A1 (fr) 2003-04-03
US20060111468A1 (en) 2006-05-25

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