WO2003000068A1 - Procede de drageification dure ameliore - Google Patents
Procede de drageification dure ameliore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003000068A1 WO2003000068A1 PCT/FR2002/002164 FR0202164W WO03000068A1 WO 2003000068 A1 WO2003000068 A1 WO 2003000068A1 FR 0202164 W FR0202164 W FR 0202164W WO 03000068 A1 WO03000068 A1 WO 03000068A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- syrup
- maltitol
- binder
- coating
- dry matter
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009495 sugar coating Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N maltitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000010449 maltitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000845 maltitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229940035436 maltitol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 1-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000905 isomalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010439 isomalt Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomaltol Natural products CC(=O)C=1OC=CC=1O HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001541238 Vachellia tortilis subsp. raddiana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 5
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000625 cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 flavorings Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUFKRGBSZPCGQB-FLBSXDLDSA-N (3s)-3-amino-4-oxo-4-[[(2r)-1-oxo-1-[(2,2,4,4-tetramethylthietan-3-yl)amino]propan-2-yl]amino]butanoic acid;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NC1C(C)(C)SC1(C)C.OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NC1C(C)(C)SC1(C)C NUFKRGBSZPCGQB-FLBSXDLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBZFUFAFFUEMEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acesulfame k Chemical compound [K+].CC1=CC(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)O1 WBZFUFAFFUEMEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004377 Alitame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010011485 Aspartame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000723382 Corylus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000801619 Homo sapiens Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ACSBG1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001908 Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102100033564 Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ACSBG1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004384 Neotame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004376 Sucralose Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000619 acesulfame-K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019409 alitame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010009985 alitame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000605 aspartame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010357 aspartame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003438 aspartame Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010634 bubble gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043202 calcium cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015111 chews Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011869 dried fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFVPBERIVUNMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fasudil hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC2=CN=CC=C2C=1S(=O)(=O)N1CCCNCC1 LFVPBERIVUNMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000576 food coloring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UZRWAPQLSA-N neohesperidin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1[C@H]1OC2=CC(O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UZRWAPQLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N neohesperidine Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O3)O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 ARGKVCXINMKCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019412 neotame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HLIAVLHNDJUHFG-HOTGVXAUSA-N neotame Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCN[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HLIAVLHNDJUHFG-HOTGVXAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010070257 neotame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000013615 non-nutritive sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001462 sodium cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019408 sucralose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N sucralose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000892 thaumatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010436 thaumatin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/343—Products for covering, coating, finishing, decorating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/0002—Processes of manufacture not relating to composition and compounding ingredients
- A23G3/0095—Coating by tumbling with a liquid or powder, spraying device-associated, drum, rotating pan
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/02—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of sweetmeats or confectionery; Accessories therefor
- A23G3/20—Apparatus for coating or filling sweetmeats or confectionery
- A23G3/26—Apparatus for coating by tumbling with a liquid or powder, spraying device-associated, drum, rotating pan
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/346—Finished or semi-finished products in the form of powders, paste or liquids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/02—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/02—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum
- A23G4/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping
- A23G4/043—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping for composite chewing gum
- A23G4/046—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping for composite chewing gum with a centre made of chewing gum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G4/064—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G4/10—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the carbohydrates used, e.g. polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/18—Chewing gum characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. aerated products
- A23G4/20—Composite products, e.g. centre-filled, multi-layer, laminated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P20/00—Coating of foodstuffs; Coatings therefor; Making laminated, multi-layered, stuffed or hollow foodstuffs
- A23P20/10—Coating with edible coatings, e.g. with oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G2200/00—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G2200/00—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents
- A23G2200/06—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents containing beet sugar or cane sugar if specifically mentioned or containing other carbohydrates, e.g. starches, gums, alcohol sugar, polysaccharides, dextrin or containing high or low amount of carbohydrate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G2210/00—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing inorganic compounds or water in high or low amount
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G2220/00—Products with special structure
- A23G2220/20—Products with special structure with a composite structure, e.g. laminated products, coated products, microstructures, e.g. with encapsulated ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the invention relates to an improved hard coating process and to the coated products thus obtained.
- the invention relates to a hard coating process with maltitol or isomalt making it possible to reduce the brittleness of the coated products.
- Hard coating is a unit operation used in a good number of fields and in particular in confectionery or pharmacy. It can also concern the industry of additives such as flavorings, sweeteners, vitamins, enzymes, acids and herbal products. This operation consists of creating a hard coating on the surface of solid or powdery products, in order to protect them for various reasons or else in order to make them visually or tastefully attractive.
- the hard coating aims to obtain a crisp and sweet layer, always very appreciated in the case of confectionery such as chewing gum.
- hard coating with maltitol or isomalt are the most satisfactory in terms of hardness and crispness in particular, and allow to obtain products quite similar to those obtained with pure sucrose.
- the Applicant therefore endeavored to remedy this lack and it was after long research work that it found that it was possible, surprisingly and unexpectedly, to obtain hard coatings with maltitol or isomalt which are particularly improved as regards their resistance to breakage, as soon as all or part of the binding agent commonly used in coating syrup is replaced by sorbitol introduced in the form of syrup or in powder form.
- binding agent within the meaning of the present invention means compounds such as gum arabic, talha gum, gelatin, modified starches and celluloses, dextrins, maltodextrins, branched maltodextrins and hydrolysates hydrogenated starch which a person skilled in the art used to use in sugar-coated syrups.
- the invention therefore relates to a hard coating process comprising a step of applying a coating syrup composed of maltitol or isomalt and at least one binder, characterized in that all or part of the dry matter of said binder is replaced by a syrup or a sorbitol powder so as to reduce the brittleness of the products thus coated.
- the method consists in uniformly moistening the surface of the products to be coated in motion in a coating turbine using said coating syrup with maltitol or isomalt.
- a variant of the process according to the invention consists in then adding in pulverulent form a quantity of maltitol or isomalt powder of high purity, preferably greater than 90% by weight, and more preferably still greater than 95% by weight.
- This distribution step and the application step can be carried out in any order.
- a new humidification-powder supply cycle can be carried out.
- the process requires at least one, but preferably at least two applications, in pulverulent form, of a maltitol or isomalt powder of high purity. These applications can be carried out during the same cycle or else during different cycles, knowing that a cycle is defined in the present invention as comprising only a single application of the maltitol or isomalt syrup.
- the products to be coated can optionally be erased beforehand according to conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- Another variant of the invention consists in carrying out a multilayer coating, using several polyols, the substitution of the binder in this case will relate to the coating layer comprising maltitol or 1 isomalt.
- fatty substances, lacquers or waxes are used.
- maltitol or the isomalt used in the constitution of the coating syrup it is preferred that these are present at a level of at least 80%, preferably at least 88% by weight relative to the dry matter. of said sugar coating syrup.
- the quantity of sorbitol syrup or of sorbitol powder used in substitution of the binder it is preferred that it represents 1 to 5% by dry weight of the dry matter of the coating syrups.
- Any commercial sorbitol syrup is suitable, in particular the products sold under the brand NEOSORB® 70/05, 70/02, 70/70 can be used directly. In any case, said syrup can be prepared from powder. It is generally preferred that this syrup has a dry matter of about 70%. Any commercial sorbitol powder is also suitable.
- this preferably represents up to 15% by dry weight of the dry matter of the coating syrup.
- said binder is chosen from the group consisting of gum arabic, talha gum, gelatin, modified starches and celluloses, dextrins, maltodextrins, branched maltodextrins and hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, alone or as a mixture between them.
- the coating syrup may also contain pigments such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, or a food coloring, as well as intense sweeteners such as aspartame, acesulfame K, saccharin, sucralose, alitame, neotame, neohesperidin, thaumatin, sodium or calcium cyclamate.
- pigments such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, or a food coloring
- intense sweeteners such as aspartame, acesulfame K, saccharin, sucralose, alitame, neotame, neohesperidin, thaumatin, sodium or calcium cyclamate.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to coat all types of products, such as in particular food products such as confectionery, chewing gum, bubble gum, tablets, lozenges, gelled articles, chews, hard candies, chocolate products, dried fruits such as almonds, hazelnuts, pharmaceutical or veterinary products such as pills, tablets, animal products, dietetic products such as plant granules, seeds or seeds, agglomerated powders, additives to based on enzymes or microorganisms such as yeasts, detergent tablets, vitamins, flavors, perfumes, acids, sweeteners or various active ingredients.
- food products such as confectionery, chewing gum, bubble gum, tablets, lozenges, gelled articles, chews, hard candies, chocolate products, dried fruits such as almonds, hazelnuts
- pharmaceutical or veterinary products such as pills, tablets, animal products, dietetic products such as plant granules, seeds or seeds, agglomerated powders, additives to based on enzymes or microorganisms such as yeasts, detergent tablets, vitamins,
- the coating syrup is sprayed with 70% dry matter and at 75 ° C on the centers in rotation in the DRIACOATER 1200 turbine at the rate of 14 to 16 g per kg of centers at the start of the cycle, from 18 to 22 g per kg in the middle of the cycle and from 8 to 16g per kg at the end of the cycle.
- Leave to distribute for 30 seconds then sprinkle with 6 to 7 g of maltitol powder per kg of centers at the start of the cycle, from 2 to 4 g of maltitol per kg of centers in the middle of the cycle, from 0 g at the end of the cycle and leave to distribute for 30 seconds at the start of the cycle or 30 to 90 seconds in the middle of the cycle, without drying by air flow at all cycles.
- These operations are reproduced up to a magnification rate of approximately 30%. We then proceed to a waxing with carnauba wax.
- This test consists of dropping 50 coated chewing gums from a height of 1 meter on a metal surface and counting the broken corners.
- results are expressed in number of broken corners at the end of the test for a total of 200 corners, after 24 or 96 hours of storage of coated chewing gum at 50 'relative humidity and 20 ° C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003506522A JP4287268B2 (ja) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | 優れた糖衣ハードコーティング方法 |
PL359136A PL206996B1 (pl) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Sposób drażowania twardego |
KR1020037002659A KR100936825B1 (ko) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | 개선된 경질 당코팅법 |
DE60206377T DE60206377T3 (de) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Verbessertes hartdragierverfahren |
CA2418967A CA2418967C (fr) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Procede de drageification dure ameliore |
AT02755079T ATE305230T1 (de) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Verbessertes hartdragierverfahren |
ES02755079T ES2249611T5 (es) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Procedimiento mejorado para el recubrimiento duro de grageas |
MXPA03001595A MXPA03001595A (es) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Procedimiento mejorado de formacion de gragea dura. |
EP02755079A EP1399032B2 (fr) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Procede de drageification dure ameliore |
CNB028022866A CN100409759C (zh) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | 改良的硬糖包衣方法 |
NO20030855A NO325078B1 (no) | 2001-06-25 | 2003-02-24 | Fremgangsmate for hard overtrekking |
US10/374,031 US7438942B2 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2003-02-25 | Hard sugar coating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/08362 | 2001-06-25 | ||
FR0108362A FR2826239B1 (fr) | 2001-06-25 | 2001-06-25 | Procede de drageification dure ameliore |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/374,031 Continuation US7438942B2 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2003-02-25 | Hard sugar coating method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003000068A1 true WO2003000068A1 (fr) | 2003-01-03 |
Family
ID=8864742
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/002164 WO2003000068A1 (fr) | 2001-06-25 | 2002-06-21 | Procede de drageification dure ameliore |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7438942B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1399032B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4287268B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100936825B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100409759C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE305230T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2008203496B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2418967C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60206377T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2249611T5 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2826239B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA03001595A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO325078B1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL206996B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2287943C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003000068A1 (fr) |
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EP1504673A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-31 | 2005-02-09 | Towa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Preparations enrobees de sucre dur, solutions contenant du sucre et procede d'obtention d'une preparation enrobee de sucre dur |
WO2006040144A1 (fr) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-20 | Südzucker Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim/Ochsenfurt | Procede d'enrobage en cuve ameliore |
US7754254B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2010-07-13 | Ueno Fine Chemicals Industry, Ltd. | Method for providing coated product |
WO2011154398A1 (fr) | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-15 | Perfetti Van Melle S.P.A. | Procédé et appareil de revêtement de produits comestibles |
US8937049B2 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2015-01-20 | Premier Nutrition Corporation | Carbohydrate gel |
FR3107427A1 (fr) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-08-27 | Roquette Freres | Composition de revêtement des semences d’origine naturelle à base de dextrines et de polyols |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2855374B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-26 | 2007-06-01 | Roquette Freres | Procede de drageification dure ameliore |
CN101090637B (zh) * | 2004-10-15 | 2012-05-30 | 曼海姆/奥克森富特希德楚格股份公司 | 改进的表面包被方法 |
US20080050605A1 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2008-02-28 | Rapp Knut M | Pan Coating Process |
JP4664239B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2011-04-06 | 上野製薬株式会社 | 糖衣方法および糖衣製品 |
EP2098126A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-09 | Nestec S.A. | Barre de glucide |
FR2929806B1 (fr) | 2008-04-10 | 2012-09-14 | Roquette Freres | Procede de drageification dure sans sucre optimisee |
EP2364095B1 (fr) | 2008-11-28 | 2018-03-14 | Mondelez Japan Limited | Article de composition de confiserie multi-région et procédé |
JP5923491B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-03 | 2016-05-24 | カーギル・インコーポレイテッド | エリスリトールおよび充填剤を含む食品製品用の低カロリーおよび無糖の被覆剤 |
US20130129806A1 (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2013-05-23 | Carglil Incorporated | Hard coating with erythritol |
ES2891092T3 (es) | 2011-03-11 | 2022-01-26 | Intercontinental Great Brands Llc | Método de conformación de producto de confitería de múltiples capas |
EP2734054A2 (fr) | 2011-07-21 | 2014-05-28 | Intercontinental Great Brands LLC | Formage et refroidissement avancés de gomme |
CN102934726B (zh) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-09-25 | 浙江司必林糖果有限公司 | 一种包衣话梅糖及其制作方法 |
WO2015134326A1 (fr) | 2014-03-03 | 2015-09-11 | Intercontinental Great Brands Llc | Procédé de fabrication d'un produit comestible |
ITUB20150047A1 (it) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-14 | Perfetti Van Melle Spa | Confettature dure trasparenti e stabili in condizioni ambientali |
FR3067567B1 (fr) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-07-05 | Roquette Freres | Nouveau procede de drageification et formes solides drageifiees presentant des formes irregulieres |
EP4165141A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-15 | 2023-04-19 | Bio-Bond LLC | Adhésif de stabilisation de palette |
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US4238510A (en) * | 1979-02-21 | 1980-12-09 | Life Savers, Inc. | Sugarless coating for chewing gum and confections and method |
EP0201412A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-12 | Roquette FrÀ¨res | Produit de confiserie ou pharmaceutique à revêtement sans sucre obtenu par dragéification dure et son procédé de préparation |
EP0273000A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-06-29 | Warner-Lambert Company | Comestible couvert avec du xylitol et méthode de préparation |
US4792453A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-12-20 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Hard coated sugarless chewing gum |
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EP0813817A2 (fr) * | 1996-06-19 | 1997-12-29 | Cerestar Holding Bv | Revêtements durs sans sucre et leur procédé d'obtention |
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- 2001-06-25 FR FR0108362A patent/FR2826239B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-06-21 EP EP02755079A patent/EP1399032B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-21 KR KR1020037002659A patent/KR100936825B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-21 AT AT02755079T patent/ATE305230T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-21 CA CA2418967A patent/CA2418967C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-21 RU RU2003105240/04A patent/RU2287943C2/ru active
- 2002-06-21 PL PL359136A patent/PL206996B1/pl unknown
- 2002-06-21 ES ES02755079T patent/ES2249611T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-21 DE DE60206377T patent/DE60206377T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-21 JP JP2003506522A patent/JP4287268B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-21 WO PCT/FR2002/002164 patent/WO2003000068A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-21 MX MXPA03001595A patent/MXPA03001595A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-21 CN CNB028022866A patent/CN100409759C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
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- 2003-02-24 NO NO20030855A patent/NO325078B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-25 US US10/374,031 patent/US7438942B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1504673A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-31 | 2005-02-09 | Towa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Preparations enrobees de sucre dur, solutions contenant du sucre et procede d'obtention d'une preparation enrobee de sucre dur |
US6994889B2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2006-02-07 | Towa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Hard coating preparation, coating liquid and manufacturing process of hard coating preparation |
EP1504673A4 (fr) * | 2002-01-31 | 2009-01-14 | Mitsubishi Shoji Foodtech Co L | Preparations enrobees de sucre dur, solutions contenant du sucre et procede d'obtention d'une preparation enrobee de sucre dur |
WO2006040144A1 (fr) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-20 | Südzucker Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim/Ochsenfurt | Procede d'enrobage en cuve ameliore |
EA010272B1 (ru) * | 2004-10-15 | 2008-08-29 | Зюдцукер Акциенгезелльшафт Маннхайм/Окзенфурт | Способ получения дражированных продуктов |
KR100965783B1 (ko) * | 2004-10-15 | 2010-06-24 | 쥐드주커 아게 만하임/옥센푸르트 | 개선된 팬 코팅 방법 |
AU2005293743B2 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2011-03-31 | Sudzucker Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim/Ochsenfurt | Improved pan coating process |
US7754254B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2010-07-13 | Ueno Fine Chemicals Industry, Ltd. | Method for providing coated product |
US8937049B2 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2015-01-20 | Premier Nutrition Corporation | Carbohydrate gel |
WO2011154398A1 (fr) | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-15 | Perfetti Van Melle S.P.A. | Procédé et appareil de revêtement de produits comestibles |
FR3107427A1 (fr) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-08-27 | Roquette Freres | Composition de revêtement des semences d’origine naturelle à base de dextrines et de polyols |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2826239A1 (fr) | 2002-12-27 |
ES2249611T3 (es) | 2006-04-01 |
JP2004520849A (ja) | 2004-07-15 |
JP4287268B2 (ja) | 2009-07-01 |
US20040166231A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
AU2008203496B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
CA2418967C (fr) | 2010-08-17 |
DE60206377T2 (de) | 2006-07-06 |
KR100936825B1 (ko) | 2010-01-14 |
NO20030855D0 (no) | 2003-02-24 |
ES2249611T5 (es) | 2012-11-30 |
CN1464774A (zh) | 2003-12-31 |
CN100409759C (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
DE60206377D1 (de) | 2006-02-09 |
EP1399032A1 (fr) | 2004-03-24 |
NO325078B1 (no) | 2008-01-28 |
NO20030855L (no) | 2003-03-31 |
DE60206377T3 (de) | 2013-01-03 |
AU2008203496A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
PL359136A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
PL206996B1 (pl) | 2010-10-29 |
EP1399032B2 (fr) | 2012-08-22 |
FR2826239B1 (fr) | 2005-02-25 |
RU2287943C2 (ru) | 2006-11-27 |
CA2418967A1 (fr) | 2003-01-03 |
EP1399032B1 (fr) | 2005-09-28 |
US7438942B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 |
ATE305230T1 (de) | 2005-10-15 |
MXPA03001595A (es) | 2003-09-10 |
KR20030036721A (ko) | 2003-05-09 |
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