Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00

Definitions

• polyolefins especially polyethylene and polypropylene in the various commercial forms.
• the unsaturated carboxylic acid or unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative is used in an amount of preferably from 0.5 to 20 % by weight, especially from 1 to 10 % by weight, based on the weight of the thermoplastic polymer.
• X is hydrogen, C C 36 alkyl, C ⁇ -C 36 alkyl which is substituted by halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, C 7 - C 12 bicyclo- or tricycloalkyl, C 2 -C 36 alkenyl, C 2 -C 18 alkynyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl, -O-C C 18 alkyl, -O-C 6 -C 10 aryl, -NH-CrC ⁇ alkyl, -NH-C 6 -C 10 aryl, -N(C 1 -C ⁇ alkyl) 2 ;
• A' is a direct bond or d-C 36 alkylene, C 3 -C 36 alkenylene, C 3 -C 36 alkynylene, phenylene, -(C 1 -C 6 alkylene)-phenyl-(C 1 -C 6 alkylene) or a group m is a number from 1-4;
• T 3 and T are each independently of the other C 2 -C 12 alkylene, or T is a group
• E is hydrogen, C ⁇ -C 30 alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl or C 7 -C 12 phenylalkyl; or
• d-d 8 Alkyl as a meaning of R may be, for example, the groups mentioned above and also, in addition, for example, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-hexadecyl and n-octadecyl.
• dicarboxylic acids having up to 36 carbon atoms are the following dimeric acids or mixtures thereof
• p 1 , 2 or 3
• T 5 is C 2 -C 22 alkylene, C 5 -C 7 cycloalkylene, C C 4 alkylenedi(C 5 -C 7 cycloalkylene), phenylene or phenylenedi(C C alkylene);
• Suitable dicarboxylic acids are linear and branched saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids and cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
• Suitable aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are those having from 2 to 40 carbon atoms, for example oxalic acid, malonic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, pimelic acid, adipic acid, trimethyladipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid and dimeric acids (dimerisation products of unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids such as oleic acid), alkylated malonic and succinic acids such as octadecylsuccinic acid.
• Suitable aromatic dicarboxylic acids are: especially terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, o- phthalic acid, and 1,3-, 1,4-, 2,6- or 2,7-naphthaIenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenyl- dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylsulfonedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid, 1 ,1 ,3-trimethyl-5-carboxyl-3-(p-carboxylphenyl)-indan, 4,4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, bis-p-(carboxylphenyl)-methane or bis-p-(carboxylphenyl)-ethane.
• Polyoxyalkylene glycols having molecular weights of from 150 to 40 000 are also suitable.
• the screw length is, for example, from 1 to 60 times, and preferably from 35 to 48 times, the screw diameter.
• the speed of rotation of the screw is preferably from 10 to 400 revolutions per minute (rev./min.) and especially from 25 to 200 rev./min..
• the period of time required for the grafting reaction may vary according to the temperature, the amount of material to be grafted on and, where applicable, the type of extruder used. It is usually about from 10 seconds to 30 minutes, especially from 20 seconds to 10 minutes.
• Preferred processing temperatures for polyolefins are: for LDPE 160 - 240°C, for HDPE 180 - 260°C, for PP 220 - 300°C and for PP copolymers 180 - 280°C.
• Suitable nitroxyl radicals are known and described, for example, in US-A-4581 429 or EP-A-621 878. Open-chain structures are described, for example, in WO 99/03894 and WO 00/07981. Furthermore, piperidine derivatives are described in WO 99/67298 and GB 2 335 190. Heterocyclic compounds are to be found in GB 2 342 649.
• thermoplastic polymers may also comprise further additives.
• processing stabilisers, light stabilisers, fillers and pigments are mentioned hereinbelow.
• Alkylated monophenols for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-di- methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-bu- tyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-( ⁇ -methyIcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethyl- phenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-meth- oxymethyl phenol, nonylphenols which are linear or branched in the side chains, for example 2,6-di-nonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methyl
• Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids for example 4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylben- zoyl)resorcinol, benzoyl resorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butyiphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzo- ate, hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyben- zoate, 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
• Metal deactivators for example N.N'-diphenyloxamide, N-salicylal-N'-salicyloyl hydrazine, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)hydrazine, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1 ,2,4-triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalyl dihydrazide, oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenylhydrazide, N,N'-diacetyladipoyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyl- oyl)oxalyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)thiopropionyl dihydrazide.
• additives for example plasticisers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, rheology additives, catalysts, flow-control agents, optical brighteners, flameproofing agents, antistatic agents and blowing agents.
• Nitroxyl 1 4-hvdroxv-2,2,6,6-tetramethvlpiperidine-1-oxyl
• the examples according to the instant invention show a significant amount of polymer grafted monomer.
• the MFR is substantially lower compared to the commercial product (Exxelor PO 1020) indicating a lower degradation of the polypropylene.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

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• 2002
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