WO2002066844A1 - Element de montage destine a la liaison de deux objets, notamment de deux pieces d'un appareil - Google Patents

Element de montage destine a la liaison de deux objets, notamment de deux pieces d'un appareil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002066844A1
WO2002066844A1 PCT/DE2002/000466 DE0200466W WO02066844A1 WO 2002066844 A1 WO2002066844 A1 WO 2002066844A1 DE 0200466 W DE0200466 W DE 0200466W WO 02066844 A1 WO02066844 A1 WO 02066844A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shape
rivet
mounting element
temperature
shape memory
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/000466
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Zeininger
Stefan Kautz
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2002066844A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002066844A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/06—Solid rivets made in one piece
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/006—Resulting in heat recoverable alloys with a memory effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/12—Shape memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/77—Use of a shape-memory material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mounting element for connecting two objects, in particular two parts of the device.
  • the parts to be connected generally have to be dimensioned sufficiently so that the screw is not properly gripped or torn out if the wall thickness or the like is too small.
  • Another disadvantage is the considerable space required due to the screws used, which is not available, in particular in the case of highly integrated electrical and electronic devices, or can only be created by making the devices larger.
  • Screws if this is possible at all or justifiable in terms of effort. Disassembly is either in the case of a Maintenance or repair of the device or necessary as part of recycling.
  • the invention is based on the problem of specifying a mounting element which permits simple connection of two objects.
  • a mounting element which consists at least partially of a shape memory alloy and has a first shape in the assembled state and a second shape in the final assembly position, which mechanically connects the objects, which it uses before using the shape memory -Properties were impressed, and the first form of which is that of a rivet with a rivet head that can be placed on an object, and an elongated rivet shaft that widens in the assembly end position to a head-like widening that engages behind the other object.
  • the mounting element according to the invention advantageously consists at least partially of a shape memory alloy, also called memory metal.
  • a shape memory alloy also called memory metal.
  • Such a material has the property that it can change its shape depending on the temperature.
  • the rivet-shaped mounting element which in the assembled state has a first shape with an elongated rivet shaft, is inserted through corresponding bores or openings of the objects to be connected, for example two housing shells, which receive the shaft.
  • the rivet is then heated. Above a phase transition temperature, the phase of the alloy changes from a low temperature phase to a high temperature phase (e.g. from martensite to austenite).
  • the high temperature phase is a second form, taking advantage of the shape memory properties.
  • the phase change changes the shape of the rivet, which according to the invention widens like a head in the area of the shaft, so that it engages behind the other object.
  • the invention therefore allows a connection by simply plugging in the mounting element and increasing the temperature accordingly.
  • the objects are firmly connected to one another, this connection taking place very quickly, easily and without effort, since the device only has to be transported through a heating furnace, for example.
  • the mounting element takes up much less space than a connection screw which is often of considerable length, which is why it can be used in particular in small devices.
  • the requirements with regard to the dimensioning of the connection areas are also not as with a screw connection, rather material can be saved in these areas.
  • the shape memory alloy shows a renewed phase change when cooled sufficiently, and changes from the high-temperature phase to the low-temperature phase.
  • the high temperature phase is significantly harder than the low temperature phase.
  • martensite is softer by a factor of 5 than austenite. This makes it easy to remove the rivet when it is soft.
  • Valuable components and unloaded components such as plastic housings, yokes, anchors, memory components, precious metal contacts etc. can be easily recovered and reused in this way.
  • connection according to the invention is not loosened by vibrations and the action of force. Rather, a non-positive connection that is under tension is realized.
  • the shaft end slits longitudinally one or more times is. This makes it possible for the shaft ends to bend outwards when the shape is increased due to the temperature increase and to reach behind the object.
  • a simple longitudinal slit is already sufficient, which means that the shaft ends bend in opposite directions.
  • a cross recess is also conceivable, so that a total of four shaft sections bend outwards.
  • Another alternative to the invention provides that at least the shaft end is shortened and at the same time widened during the change of shape into the second shape.
  • the shortening and widening leads to an increase in the diameter, the widened area of the shaft engaging behind the object.
  • the mounting element consists of a shape memory alloy which has a transition temperature at which a high temperature phase forms due to an increase in temperature and the rivet assumes the second shape, and one of at least 30 °, better 50 ° below this transformation temperature, at which the transformation into the low-temperature phase occurs during cooling.
  • the different conversion temperatures are therefore as far apart as possible in order to avoid that any temperature fluctuations can have any negative effects.
  • the transition temperature for the transition to the high temperature phase can be> 40 ° C, in particular> 50 ° C and the transition temperature for the transition to the low temperature phase can be ⁇ 0 ° C, in particular ⁇ - 40 ° C.
  • the shape memory alloy can have a one-way effect.
  • the rivet converts to the second form when the temperature rises; when the temperature falls below the second phase formation temperature, only a phase transition into the low-temperature phase occurs, but the second form is retained. The material therefore only becomes soft, but retains its shape-related shape. An easy disassembly is still possible due to the softness of the material.
  • the shape memory alloy has a two-way effect, in which the rivet assumes the embossed first shape when it is converted into the low-temperature phase.
  • the rivet changes between the two embossed shapes. This means that in the event of cooling for dismantling, the rivet returns to its original form of assembly with an elongated shaft. The mechanical connection can be released very easily.
  • the shape memory alloy itself can be a TiNi or NiMn or CuAl alloy, which may also contain at least one further alloy partner.
  • FIG. 1 shows an assembly element according to the invention of a first embodiment in the assembled state
  • FIG. 2 shows the assembly element from FIG. 1 in the assembly end position
  • 3 shows a diagram to illustrate the voltage curve in the mounting element over the temperature present
  • FIG. 5 shows an assembly element according to the invention of a second embodiment in the assembled state
  • Fig. 6 shows the assembly element from Fig. 5 in the final assembly position.
  • Fig. 1 shows in the form of a schematic diagram a mounting element 1 according to the invention in the form of a rivet.
  • the rivet has a rivet head 2 and an essentially cylindrical rivet shaft 3.
  • the rivet shaft can of course also have any other cross section.
  • the rivet shank 3 is slit over part of its length by means of its longitudinal cut 4, the slit opening into a through hole 5.
  • the mounting element 1, that is to say the rivet, is inserted into two mutually aligned bores 6, 7 of two objects 8, 9 to be connected to one another.
  • These objects can be, for example, two housing halves of a device or the like.
  • the diameter of the through holes 6, 7 is slightly larger than the diameter of the rivet.
  • the rivet is pushed in until the rivet head 2 lies against the object 9.
  • the rivet is inserted, for example, at room temperature.
  • the rivet is heated to connect the objects.
  • the rivet or the shaft changes its shape due to a change in the phase of the shape memory alloy from which the rivet as a whole, or at least the shaft, is made in its end region.
  • the two shaft sections 10, 11, which result from the longitudinal section 4 bend outward and engage behind the object 8, as can be seen in FIG. 2 , In this way, a firm mechanical connection of the two objects 8, 9 is realized.
  • the mounting element is set to a temperature well below the first phase formation temperature of e.g. Cooled to 50 ° C, e.g. to approx. -40 ° C. At or below this temperature, a new phase transition into the low-temperature phase occurs, in which the shape memory alloy was originally in the assembly form, as shown in FIG. 1. Due to the cooling of the phase change that occurs, the rivet is in a softer phase, which means that the material is much softer than in the high-temperature phase. If the shape memory alloy shows a one-way effect, the final assembly position adopted according to FIG. 2 or this shape is retained despite the phase change.
  • the first phase formation temperature e.g. Cooled to 50 ° C, e.g. to approx. -40 ° C.
  • the two objects 8, 9 can be separated from one another without any problems, since the shaft sections 10, 11 can be bent inwards again without great effort and the objects 8, 9 can be separated from one another.
  • the shape memory alloy shows a two-way effect, the shape shown in FIG. 2 is converted back into the first shape shown in FIG. 1, which is also stamped on the rivet. The rivet can be pulled out easily.
  • 3 and 4 show the course of the tension in the rivet over the temperature or the austenite portion over the temperature.
  • the course is shown for a rivet with a first transition temperature of 50 ° C, at which the formation of the austenite phase begins when the temperature rises, and a second transition temperature of approx. -40 ° C, at which the formation occurs during cooling the martensite phase begins.
  • first transition temperature 50 ° C
  • second transition temperature approx. -40 ° C
  • the curve shown in FIG. 4 shows a corresponding hysteresis curve. If the rivet is used at room temperature RT and then heated above 50 ° C, a strong formation of austenite appears. The material becomes very hard overall, the change to the second bent shape begins. This hard state and thus the high austenite content is retained during subsequent cooling until the second phase formation temperature of -40 ° C is reached or fallen below. The austenite content then drops due to the formation of the martensite phase, the material becomes soft. If an alloy with a two-way effect is used, the new shape change begins at the same time.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a further mounting element 12 according to the invention.
  • This is also designed as a rivet with a rivet head 13 and an elongated, for example cylindrical rivet shaft 14. If the mounting element is in the aligned bores 15, 16 of the two objects 17, 18 inserted and then heated, the shaft 14 shortens and widens at the same time with this mounting element. As a result, a head-like widening 19 is formed in the region of the shaft end, which obviously engages behind the object 17.
  • all the actuators or actuator strips shown are at least partially made of a known shape memory alloy. Examples of such alloys are Ti-Ni alloys, the Ti component and the Ni component forming the main components and other alloy partners may also be present.
  • Cu-Al alloys with other alloy partners are also known, it being possible for the proportion of the Al component to be larger or smaller than that of the further alloy partner.
  • Ti-Ni alloys are particularly suitable. So go z. B. from “Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. A 202, 1995, pages 148 to 156 differently composed Ti-Ni and Ti-Ni-Cu alloys. In “Intermetallic *, Vol. 3, 1995, pages 35 to 46 and” Scripta METALLURGICA et MATERIALIA *, Vol. 27, 1992, pages 1097 to 1102, various Ti 5 oNi 5 o- ⁇ Pd x shape memory alloys are described. Instead of the Ti-Ni alloys, other shape memory alloys are of course also suitable. For example, Cu-Al shape memory alloys come into question. A corresponding Cu-Zn24A13 alloy is from “Z. Metallkde. ", Vol. 79, H. 10,
  • a further Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy is described in "Scripta Materialia", Vol. 34, No. 2, 1996, pages 255 to 260.
  • alloy partners such as eg B. Hf, Pd, Au, Pt, Cr or optionally Ti may be added in a manner known per se, for example the proportion of this at least one further component is less than 5 atomic percent, but it can also vary more Binary memory metals, including those for Ni-Mn alloys, are mentioned in “Transactions of the ASME", vol. 121, Jan. 1999, pages 98 to 101.
  • Another advantage of the mounting element according to the invention is that the connected housing parts, if they are conductive, can be electrically contacted by the rivet, which for reasons of electromagnetic contract Lichity and for protective mechanisms of the housing is advantageous.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de montage destiné à la liaison de deux objets, notamment de deux pièces d'un appareil. Partiellement constitué d'un alliage à mémoire, cet élément de montage présente une première forme lors de son montage et une deuxième forme qui relie mécaniquement les objets, lorsqu'il est en position finale de montage. Cette deuxième forme a été imprimée à l'élément de montage avant son montage en utilisant ses propriétés de mémoire. La première forme est celle d'un rivet (1, 12) présentant une tête pouvant être appliquée sur un objet (9, 18) et une longue tige (3, 14) qui, dans la position finale de montage, s'écarte (10, 11, 19) pour serrer l'autre objet à la manière d'une tête.
PCT/DE2002/000466 2001-02-23 2002-02-08 Element de montage destine a la liaison de deux objets, notamment de deux pieces d'un appareil WO2002066844A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10108956A DE10108956A1 (de) 2001-02-23 2001-02-23 Montageelement zum Verbinden zweier Gegenstände, insbesondere zweier Geräteteile
DE10108956.2 2001-02-23

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002066844A1 true WO2002066844A1 (fr) 2002-08-29

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DE (1) DE10108956A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002066844A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10320189A1 (de) * 2003-05-07 2004-12-02 Abb Patent Gmbh Nietelement und Nietverbindung
EP2088287A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de sécurité axiale sur aubes mobiles d'un rotor d'une turbine à gaz
KR101394800B1 (ko) 2012-12-24 2014-05-15 서울대학교산학협력단 형상기억 고분자를 이용한 결합체 및 이의 제조방법

Families Citing this family (7)

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DE10134832A1 (de) * 2001-07-17 2003-02-20 Siemens Ag Element zum Verbinden zweier Gegenstände, insbesondere Geräteteile
DE102004004658B4 (de) * 2004-01-29 2006-01-12 Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh Befestigungselement mit temperaturinduzierbarem Formänderungseffekt
DE102005059091A1 (de) * 2005-12-10 2007-06-14 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Schraube sowie Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Bauteile mittels einer solchen Schraube
GB2467584B (en) * 2009-02-10 2010-12-29 Rolls Royce Plc An assembly
DE102009026642A1 (de) 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verbindungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsanordnung
DE102012113053A1 (de) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verbindungsmittel mit Formgedächtnis
DE102023002017B3 (de) 2023-02-06 2023-10-26 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Demontageverfahren

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US4095999A (en) * 1972-11-17 1978-06-20 Raychem Corporation Heat-treating method
GB1548964A (en) * 1975-04-09 1979-07-18 Raychem Corp Fastening devices
US4753689A (en) * 1984-04-12 1988-06-28 Souriau & Cie Method of conditioning an object of shape-memory metallic alloy with two reversible shape-memory states and an object thus obtained
US5120175A (en) * 1991-07-15 1992-06-09 Arbegast William J Shape memory alloy fastener
US5265456A (en) * 1992-06-29 1993-11-30 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Method of cold working holes using a shape memory alloy tool

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DE3933407A1 (de) * 1989-10-06 1990-09-20 Daimler Benz Ag Metallische klemmbefestigungselemente
JPH0610926A (ja) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-21 Hitachi Ltd 装置あるいは設備の部品接合及び解体方式
JP2000304020A (ja) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-31 Minolta Co Ltd 固着装置及び固着方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095999A (en) * 1972-11-17 1978-06-20 Raychem Corporation Heat-treating method
GB1548964A (en) * 1975-04-09 1979-07-18 Raychem Corp Fastening devices
US4753689A (en) * 1984-04-12 1988-06-28 Souriau & Cie Method of conditioning an object of shape-memory metallic alloy with two reversible shape-memory states and an object thus obtained
US5120175A (en) * 1991-07-15 1992-06-09 Arbegast William J Shape memory alloy fastener
US5265456A (en) * 1992-06-29 1993-11-30 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Method of cold working holes using a shape memory alloy tool

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10320189A1 (de) * 2003-05-07 2004-12-02 Abb Patent Gmbh Nietelement und Nietverbindung
EP2088287A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de sécurité axiale sur aubes mobiles d'un rotor d'une turbine à gaz
WO2009098111A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de fixation axiale d’aubes mobiles dans le rotor d’une turbine à gaz
CN101939509A (zh) * 2008-02-08 2011-01-05 西门子公司 用于将转子叶片轴向固定在燃气涡轮机的转子中的装置
US8535012B2 (en) 2008-02-08 2013-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for axially securing blades in a rotor of a gas turbine
CN101939509B (zh) * 2008-02-08 2013-12-11 西门子公司 用于将转子叶片轴向固定在燃气涡轮机的转子中的装置
KR101394800B1 (ko) 2012-12-24 2014-05-15 서울대학교산학협력단 형상기억 고분자를 이용한 결합체 및 이의 제조방법

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