WO2002049059A1 - Composant electromecanique - Google Patents

Composant electromecanique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002049059A1
WO2002049059A1 PCT/DE2001/004472 DE0104472W WO0249059A1 WO 2002049059 A1 WO2002049059 A1 WO 2002049059A1 DE 0104472 W DE0104472 W DE 0104472W WO 0249059 A1 WO0249059 A1 WO 0249059A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
actuators
electromechanical component
actuator
component according
shape
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/004472
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Kautz
Hannes KÜHL
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2002049059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002049059A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/323—Thermally-sensitive members making use of shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
    • H01H61/01—Details
    • H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
    • H01H61/01—Details
    • H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
    • H01H2061/0115—Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
    • H01H61/01—Details
    • H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
    • H01H2061/0122—Two SMA actuators, e.g. one for closing or resetting contacts and one for opening them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromechanical component with at least one actuator made of a shape memory alloy, which changes its shape when a certain temperature is reached and moves as a result of the change.
  • Such an electromechanical component is implemented, for example, in the form of an isolating switch device.
  • This isolating switch device is used to open a circuit closed via it very quickly in the event of a fault and thus to be able to interrupt it in order to prevent interference-related overvoltages or the like from reaching the
  • actuators made of a shape memory alloy.
  • SMA actuators shape memory alloy actuators
  • Such actuators are characterized by the fact that they can change shape depending on their temperature. This is achieved by applying a preferred direction to them by means of suitable form annealing, in which the grains preferentially align themselves during the temperature-related phase change.
  • One-way actuators are known which, when the temperature rises from a certain transition temperature, change from the shape of the cold state to another, which occurs due to the phase change from martensite to austenite and the grain growth in the direction of the preferred direction.
  • one-way actuators automatically change their shape between “cold” and “warm” states.
  • one-way actuators are frequently used, which are coupled, for example, with a spring element, for example a spring clip.
  • the circuit is closed via the spring clip.
  • the actuator is arranged in such a way that it is bent by the spring clip, for example from the horizontal position. The horizontal position corresponds to the stamped high temperature shape. If the circuit has to be opened due to a malfunction, the actuator is briefly warmed up above the transition temperature so that it converts to the horizontal or elongated form and thereby entrains the spring clip.
  • the one actuator can only move between two end positions, namely the position that it holds in the cold state and the position that it has in the warm state.
  • this only applies to a two-way actuator; a one-way actuator can only be brought into the starting position using a reset element. It is therefore only possible to assume two positions, each of which is assigned a specific temperature or a specific temperature range.
  • the electromechanical component were sensitive at more than two temperatures in order to be able to react to different temperature-related situations. Such a component would then make it possible, for example, to switch at different operating temperatures, which could be used to close different circuits, etc.
  • the invention is based on the problem of specifying an electro-mechanical component which is improved in terms of its sensitivity to temperatures at the actuator end.
  • an electromechanical component of the type mentioned at the outset that at least two motion-coupled or movably tion-couplable actuators are provided that change their shape at different temperatures.
  • the component according to the invention is characterized by the coupling of two actuators, which carry out the shape change at different temperatures. While both actuators are in a first or initial switch position at low temperatures, one of the actuators changes its shape when a first higher temperature is reached, ie it assumes a second position, which enables a first switch actuation or the like. In a still further increase in temperature now also the second actuator changes its shape due to the inventively provided coupling movement is hereby also moves the other actuator and is guided out of its first 'switch position, a second switching position is achieved.
  • the actuator system according to the invention is therefore sensitive to different temperatures, so that consequently different temperatures are also detected and the switching state of the component changes as a function thereof.
  • the actuators can be designed as one-way actuators or as two-way actuators, that is to say the type of actuator is the same for all the actuators provided.
  • the type of actuator is the same for all the actuators provided.
  • one actuator is a one-way actuator and the other is a two-way actuator.
  • the actuator types used in each case are expediently selected on the basis of the type of movement coupling selected.
  • the actuators can be arranged such that they move in the same direction when there is a change in shape.
  • the first shape-changing actuator takes the second one along; when the temperature rises further, the shape of the second actuator changes, which moves in the same direction as the first actuator.
  • the facial expressions are guided from the first switching position into a second switching position that has a larger actuating or switching path.
  • the actuators can also be arranged such that they move in the opposite direction. If the shape of the first actuator changes here, the second actuator is also moved. If the temperature rises further, the shape of the second actuator changes, which, for example, returns the entire facial expression to a position corresponding to or close to the starting position.
  • the actuators react exclusively to the prevailing ambient temperature.
  • Such a configuration of the component is expedient where it is used in an environment with an increased, changing temperature.
  • one or both actuators can be supplied with current via supply lines. The same current can be applied to both actuators, alternatively there is the possibility that each actuator can be energized separately.
  • the actuators generate or exert forces of different magnitude on each other during their shape conversion
  • the actuator that changes its shape at a higher temperature should be the stronger, since it is the shape that has already been converted, which in comparison to the low temperature -
  • the temperature of the "harder" phase structure of the actuator must also be moved when the shape changes.
  • the actuators can consist of different materials in order to achieve differently large forces; additionally or alternatively, the actuators can also have different geometries, in particular cross-sections of different sizes.
  • the actuators can be designed as strips which are expediently positioned next to one another and parallel to one another, are fixed at one end and are freely movable at the other end.
  • the strips can optionally be insulated from one another by an intermediate layer.
  • the movement coupling can take place either by the actuators contacting one another during the shape change, that is to say touching one another and taking one with the other.
  • This configuration is particularly useful when the two actuators work against each other.
  • the actuators in the region of their free ends are connected to one another via a connecting part, in particular a clamp, so that the actuator, which does not change or is already deformed, is carried along in the same direction even when the actuator moves Reinforce actuators is possible.
  • at least one stop can be provided, against which one of the actuators strikes before the conversion-related end position is reached.
  • a restoring force generating means in particular a restoring spring, is provided which is tensioned during the movement-related movement of one or both actuators.
  • This reset means e.g. B. in the form of a spiral spring, is particularly useful when the actuators are designed as a one-way actuator and both move in the same direction. If the temperature drops below the transition temperature of the actuator, which changes at the lower temperature, both actuators are back in the "Soft" state has passed. By means of the tensioned return spring, they can be pulled back into the starting position.
  • the return spring can also support an actuator combination consisting of a one-way and a two-way actuator, which "reset" the Actuator system supported by the two-way actuator which returns to the initial state at a sufficiently low temperature.
  • the actuators are designed as spiral springs, which are expediently arranged to press against one another, with their opposite ends being clamped in a fixed manner. These actuators work against each other, depending on the prevailing temperature or the temperature at the respective actuator, one spring expands, the other is compressed.
  • the actuators are designed as wires that change their length during the shape change.
  • a restoring force generating means in particular a restoring spring, is provided, which is tensioned during the movement-dependent movement of one or both actuators.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first component according to the invention with two actuators in different temperature-related positions,
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic illustration of a second embodiment of a component with two actuators in different temperature-related positions
  • 3 shows a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a component according to the invention with separately energized actuators
  • Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a component according to the invention with over a common circuit bestro ble actuators
  • FIG. 5 shows a basic illustration of a fifth embodiment of a component according to the invention with two actuators in different temperature-related positions.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in the form of a schematic diagram, a first embodiment of an electromechanical component 1 according to the invention comprising two actuators 2, 3, which are accommodated at one end in a holder 4, preferably made of a non-conductive plastic. Its free upper ends are movable.
  • Ti-Ni alloys are particularly suitable. So go z. B. from “Materials Science and Engineering", Vol. A 202, 1995, pages 148 to 156 differently composed Ti-Ni and Ti-Ni-Cu alloys. In “Intermetallic”, Vol. 3, 1995, pages 35 to 46 and “Scripta METALLURGICA et MATERIALIA", vol. 27, 1992, pages 1097 to 1102, various Ti5o i 50 - ⁇ Pd x shape memory alloys are described. Instead of the Ti-Ni
  • Alloys are of course also suitable for other shape memory alloys.
  • Cu-Al shape memory alloys come into question.
  • a corresponding Cu-Zn24A13 alloy is from “Z. Metallkde. ⁇ , Vol. 79, H. 10, 1988, pages 678 to 683.
  • a further Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy is described in "Scripta Materialia", Vol. 34, No. 2, 1996, pages 255 to 260. understandable can further alloy partners to the aforementioned binary or ternary alloys such.
  • B. Hf be alloyed in a manner known per se.
  • the two actuators can be, for example, two one-way actuators.
  • the two actuators change their shape at different temperatures.
  • the actuator 2 changes its shape at a temperature Ti
  • the actuator 3 changes its shape at a higher temperature T 2 .
  • both actuators 2, 3 designed as strips show their elongated, non-bent "basic shape".
  • the actuator 2 changes its shape, it bends to the left. During its shape-related movement, it strikes the actuator 3, which is still having a "soft" martensite structure, it picks it up and thereby also bends it. At the end of the actuation path's change-dependent travel, an electrical contact 5 is actuated, for example.
  • the actuator 3 changes its shape when a temperature T 2 is reached .
  • the actuator 3 is designed to be stronger than the actuator 2, so that when the phase of the actuator 2 changes to the “hard” austenite phase, the actuator 2 already present in the “hard” austenite phase is carried along.
  • the shape of the actuator 3 changes, it moves in the opposite direction, that is to say the actuator system is moved away from its contact attack, and the contact 5 is no longer touched or closed.
  • both actuators 2, 3 are one-way actuators, they remain essentially in the position shown in FIG. IC, even if the temperature is reduced again to a temperature below Ti. If the temperature is When the temperature rises to Ti, the actuator 2 moves again to the left and takes the still “soft” actuator 3 with it. If the temperature rises again, the actuator 3 is converted again with the sequence described above. 5
  • the actuator 3 can also be designed such that it bends significantly further to the right than shown in FIG. IC, and with it the actuator 2. It is then possible to add another one, not shown here
  • the actuator 2 is designed as a two-way actuator, which “returns” to its basic position shown in FIG. 1A at a temperature ⁇ T ⁇ and thus the actuator
  • German patent application 100 392 03.2 in which such an electromechanical component is described in more detail.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second electromechanical component 7 according to the invention, which likewise holds two actuators 8, 9 u, which change their shape at different temperatures.
  • the free ends of the two actuators 8, 9 are firmly coupled to one another in motion by a connecting part 10, advantageously in the form of a clamp.
  • On the actuator 8 further 35.
  • the temperature now becomes a temperature. T x increases, the actuator 8 also changes here and bends to the left. Due to the coupling of motion, the actuator 9 is also taken along.
  • FIG. 2B shows, the shape change of the actuator 8 leads to the fact that a first contact point 12 is contacted. Due to the movement of the actuator mimic, the resetting means 11 is simultaneously tensioned.
  • the second actuator 9 also changes. It can be seen that it bends in the same direction as the actuator 8, which is taken along due to the movement coupling via the connecting part 10, the entire one Facial expressions bend even further to the left and contact the second contact point 13. Thus, two different contact points can be approached at the different temperatures.
  • the phase of the actuator 9 changes back into the “soft” martensite phase. Due to the restoring force of the restoring means 11, the actuator mimicry is withdrawn into the position shown in FIG. 2B, where the first Contact point 12 is contacted again, and upon further cooling below the temperature Ti, the entire facial expression is pulled back into the starting position shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show electromechanical components 1, 7 in which the actuators react to the prevailing ambient temperature
  • FIG. 3 shows an electromechanical component 14 according to the invention in which the two actuators 15, 16 are connected via separate circuits 17 , 18 can be energized separately.
  • An insulation layer 19 is provided between the actuators 15, 16.
  • the temperature of each actuator 15, 16 can thus be set individually via the respective circuit 17, 18 and the switching or movement behavior of the actuator mimics can be controlled in a defined manner.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative embodiment of an electromechanical component 20 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the two actuators 21, 22, which are electrically coupled at their end facing the holder 23 via a conductive connecting part 24, are energized together via a common circuit 25.
  • the free ends are connected to the current source shown via a common line connection 26.
  • the temperature of the two actuators 21, 22 is thus increased simultaneously and uniformly via the current impressed together.
  • the respective actuator changes depending on the given temperature.
  • the "working temperature" of the complete actuator system can thus be controlled via a circuit.
  • FIG. 5 shows an electromechanical component 27 according to the invention in a fifth embodiment.
  • This u comprises two actuators 28, 29 designed as spiral springs, which are clamped at their respective ends at corresponding brackets 30, 31. With their free ends, the actuators 28, 29 are coupled in motion via a contact element 32.
  • the actuator 28 first changes its shape, the spiral spring expands.
  • the spiral spring 29, which is still in the “soft” martensite structure, is compressed.
  • the contact element 32 is simultaneously moved to the right and contacts a first contact point 33.
  • the actuator 29 changes its shape and expands. Since it is dimensioned or selected in its material such that it can exert a greater force than the actuator 28 opposite it in the "hard” austenite structure, the actuator 28 is compressed. The contact element 32 is pushed to the left and contacts the second contact point 34 at the end of the travel range.
  • both actuators 28, 29 are expediently designed as two-way actuators, which return to the initial state shown in FIG. 5A after a temperature drop below Ti.
  • the actuating force of the two actuators can either be caused by the fact that the two actuators are made of different materials, or that the two actuators are of different dimensions, that is to say they have different shapes, in particular with regard to the cross-sectional area.
  • a thicker actuator is stronger than a thinner actuator.
  • B. with known bimetallic components very large travel and a remarkably large actuating force.
  • the invention is not restricted to the examples shown.
  • the design of the actuator mimics with regard to the arrangement of the actuators, the directions of movement of the actuators, the type of actuator (one or two-way) and the actuator shape (strip, spring or wire) can be chosen as desired and adapted to the respective application.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)

Abstract

Composant électromécanique doté d'au moins un actionneur constitué d'un alliage à mémoire de forme, qui change de forme lorsqu'il atteint une certaine température et se déplace en raison de la modification de sa forme, ledit composant comportant au moins deux actionneurs (2, 3, 8, 9, 15, 16, 21, 22, 28, 29) qui sont couplés ou peuvent être couplés en raison de leur mouvement et dont la forme varie selon les températures.
PCT/DE2001/004472 2000-12-15 2001-11-29 Composant electromecanique WO2002049059A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10062704.8 2000-12-15
DE2000162704 DE10062704A1 (de) 2000-12-15 2000-12-15 Elektromechanisches Bauelement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002049059A1 true WO2002049059A1 (fr) 2002-06-20

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WO (1) WO2002049059A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1251381A2 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-23 Conti Temic microelectronic GmbH Elément d'ajustage, en particulier un composant d'un dispostif d'ajustage pour un système de capteur d'images
FR3116670A1 (fr) * 2020-11-25 2022-05-27 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif d’alimentation électrique comprenant un actionneur thermosensible et appareil associé.

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10233601A1 (de) 2002-07-24 2004-02-19 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Ventil mit kompaktem Betätigungsmechanismus
US7581706B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2009-09-01 Lear Corporation Shape memory alloy (SMA) system
DE102007020361A1 (de) 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Marco Systemanalyse Und Entwicklung Gmbh Ventil
US8754740B2 (en) 2009-05-20 2014-06-17 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Circuit implement utilizing active material actuation
DE102021109274A1 (de) 2021-04-14 2022-10-20 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Drehwerkzeug mit Formgedächtnisbauteil

Citations (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3720898A (en) * 1970-12-29 1973-03-13 American Thermostat Corp Temperature-sensitive assist for temperature-controlled switch
US3725835A (en) * 1970-07-20 1973-04-03 J Hopkins Memory material actuator devices
US4568904A (en) * 1983-09-22 1986-02-04 Diesel Kiki Company, Ltd. Temperature sensing switch
JPS6153467A (ja) * 1984-08-23 1986-03-17 Kanto Tokushu Seikou Kk 形状記憶作動体
DE3731146A1 (de) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-30 Siemens Ag Antriebseinrichtung aus formgedaechtnislegierung
GB2248520A (en) * 1987-11-23 1992-04-08 Otter Controls Ltd Thermal sensors
DE4203122A1 (de) * 1992-02-04 1993-08-05 F W Adolf Berger Relais auf der basis von form-gedaechtnis-metall
FR2718492A1 (fr) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-13 Pataillot Georges Dispositif moteur des pistons et des clapets d'une pompe ou d'un compresseur comportant un organe à mémoire de forme.
EP0828273A2 (fr) * 1996-09-10 1998-03-11 Marcel Peter Hofsäss Interrupteur avec un élément de sécurité
FR2757735A1 (fr) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-26 Valeo Climatisation Radiateur electrique a commande regulee

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DE4130759A1 (de) * 1991-09-16 1993-03-18 Flottweg Gmbh Zentrifuge zur kontinuierlichen trennung von stoffen unterschiedlicher dichte
DE19757024C1 (de) * 1997-12-20 1999-06-02 Karlsruhe Forschzent Mikrosicherung

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3725835A (en) * 1970-07-20 1973-04-03 J Hopkins Memory material actuator devices
US3720898A (en) * 1970-12-29 1973-03-13 American Thermostat Corp Temperature-sensitive assist for temperature-controlled switch
US4568904A (en) * 1983-09-22 1986-02-04 Diesel Kiki Company, Ltd. Temperature sensing switch
JPS6153467A (ja) * 1984-08-23 1986-03-17 Kanto Tokushu Seikou Kk 形状記憶作動体
DE3731146A1 (de) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-30 Siemens Ag Antriebseinrichtung aus formgedaechtnislegierung
GB2248520A (en) * 1987-11-23 1992-04-08 Otter Controls Ltd Thermal sensors
DE4203122A1 (de) * 1992-02-04 1993-08-05 F W Adolf Berger Relais auf der basis von form-gedaechtnis-metall
FR2718492A1 (fr) * 1994-04-11 1995-10-13 Pataillot Georges Dispositif moteur des pistons et des clapets d'une pompe ou d'un compresseur comportant un organe à mémoire de forme.
EP0828273A2 (fr) * 1996-09-10 1998-03-11 Marcel Peter Hofsäss Interrupteur avec un élément de sécurité
FR2757735A1 (fr) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-26 Valeo Climatisation Radiateur electrique a commande regulee

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 216 (M - 502) 29 July 1986 (1986-07-29) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1251381A2 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-23 Conti Temic microelectronic GmbH Elément d'ajustage, en particulier un composant d'un dispostif d'ajustage pour un système de capteur d'images
EP1251381A3 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2004-01-14 Conti Temic microelectronic GmbH Elément d'ajustage, en particulier un composant d'un dispostif d'ajustage pour un système de capteur d'images
FR3116670A1 (fr) * 2020-11-25 2022-05-27 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif d’alimentation électrique comprenant un actionneur thermosensible et appareil associé.
EP4006941A1 (fr) * 2020-11-25 2022-06-01 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif d'alimentation électrique comprenant un actionneur thermosensible et appareil associé

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