WO2001096268A2 - ÉLASTOMÈRES RÉTICULABLES FLUORÉS BROMOSULFONÉS À BASE DE FLUORURE DE VINYLIDÈNE PRÉSENTANT UNE FAIBLE Tg ET PROCÉDÉS POUR LEURS PRÉPARATIONS - Google Patents
ÉLASTOMÈRES RÉTICULABLES FLUORÉS BROMOSULFONÉS À BASE DE FLUORURE DE VINYLIDÈNE PRÉSENTANT UNE FAIBLE Tg ET PROCÉDÉS POUR LEURS PRÉPARATIONS Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/182—Monomers containing fluorine not covered by the groups C08F214/20 - C08F214/28
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/013—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens
- C07C17/04—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens to unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/23—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by dehalogenation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/272—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by addition reactions
- C07C17/275—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by addition reactions of hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C21/00—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C21/02—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C07C21/18—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds containing fluorine
Definitions
- the present invention relates to bromosulfonated fluorinated crosslinkable elastomers based on vinylidene fluoride, having the particularity of having low glass transition temperatures (T g ).
- the present invention also relates to original methods allowing in particular the synthesis of crosslinkable elastomers having low glass transition temperatures (T g ) from copolymers as well as the use of such elastomers in the manufacture of stable parts intended in particular for the aeronautical industries. , petroleum, automobile, mining and nuclear, as well as in the plastics industry.
- such elastomers are useful in the manufacture of stable parts such as membranes, polymer electrolytes, ionomers, components of fuel cells supplied for example with hydrogen or methanol, seals, O-rings , hoses, hoses, pump body, diaphragms, and piston heads.
- copolymer as used in the context of the present invention relates to compounds formed from macromolecules containing different monomer units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more. Such high molecular weight compounds are obtained when one or more monomers polymerize together.
- copolymers thus obtained from 3, 4, 5 or 6 different monomer units terpolymers, tetrapolymers, pentapolymers and hexapolymers, obtained respectively by the reactions of terpolymerization, of tetrapolymerization, of pentapolymerization and of 'hexapolymérisation.
- Known fluorinated elastomers have a unique combination of properties (thermal, oxidation, ultraviolet (UV) resistance, aging, corrosive chemicals, fuels and water absorption; low surface tensions , dielectric constants and refractive indices).
- the combination of these properties has enabled them to find “high tech” applications in many fields: as seals (space industry, aeronautics), as semiconductors (microelectronics), as hoses, pipes, pump bodies, heads of piston, and diaphragms (chemical, automotive and petroleum industries).
- Fluorinated elastomers (Progr. Polym. Sci. 26 (2001) 105-187), and in particular copolymers based on vinylidene fluoride (or 1,1-difluoroethylene, VDF) are polymers of choice for applications such as coatings and paints or more recently for membranes or components of fuel cells supplied for example with hydrogen or methanol. These polymers are resistant to aggressive, reducing or oxidizing conditions as well as to hydrocarbons, solvents, lubricants (Prog. Polym. Se. 14 (1989) 251 and 26 (2001) 105).
- VDF-based elastomers can be crosslinked by various routes (chemical in the presence of polyamines, polyalcohols and organic peroxides or ionizing radiation or by electron bombardment), described in the journals Progr. Polym. Sci. 26 (2001) 105, Rubber Chem. Technol. 55 (1982) 1004, in the book “Modem Fluoropolymers", chapter 32, pp. 597 or in the article Angew. Makromol. Chem. 76/77 (1979) 39.
- the brominated monomers are bromotrifluoroethylene (BrTFE) (USP 4,214,060 and 4,271,275); 1,1-difluoro-2-bromoethylene (WO 81/00573); 4-bromo-3, 3,4,4- tetrafluorobutene (USP 4,214,060) as well as trifluorovinyl ⁇ -bromo ethers (Eur. Pat. 0,153,848 and 0,769,521 and cited in the articles Kautsch. Kunststoff. 44 (1991) 833 or Rubber Chem. Technol. 55 (1982) 1004).
- the use of fluorinated olefins other than HFP has been mentioned in US Patent 4,115,481.
- F 2 C CFOCF 2 CF (CF 3) OC 2 F 4 S0 2 F (PFS0 2 F).
- society Asahi Glass uses this sulfonated monomer for the manufacture of Flemion ® membranes.
- F 2 C CFO [CF 2 CF (CF 3) 0] x C 2 F 4 C0 2 CH 3 (for Nafion membranes ® or Aciplex ® when x is 1, and for Flemion membranes if x is 0) are also used.
- 2,299,622 describe the easy copolymerization of PFS0 2 F with VDF and on the other hand, applications CA 2,293,845 and CA 2,299,621 present the terpolymerization PFS0 2 F / VDF / HFP. Furthermore, the use of brominated monomers promotes crosslinking (by peroxides) of the polymers formed and improves their thermostability, their mechanical properties and their resistance to chemical agents, to petroleum, to strong acids and to oxidation.
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- terpolymers such as the terpolymers TFE / perfluoromethyl vinyl ether / BrTFE or perfluoroallyl bromide (USP 3,987,126 and 4,214,060) or PAVE / TFE / 4-bromo-3,3,4,4- tetrafluorobutene (USP 4,973,634).
- the present invention describes the preparation of new bromofluorinated monomers, then the copolymerization of trifluorovinyl monomers with brominated end with fluorinated monomers. This process leads to the synthesis of new copolymers and then new crosslinkable sulfonated bromofluorinated elastomers having ' very low glass transition temperatures (T g ), good resistance to acids, petroleum and fuels and good processing properties.
- T g glass transition temperatures
- a first object of the present invention consists of the family of compounds corresponding to formula I:
- X represents an oxygen atom or no atom
- Y represents a hydrogen or fluorine atom
- n is a natural whole number varying from 0 to
- the present invention consists of the subfamily of compounds corresponding to formula II:
- n is a natural number varying from 0 to 10 inclusive.
- a second object of the present invention consists of a process for the preparation of a fluorinated copolymer by radical copolymerization, said process comprising the reaction: - of a compound corresponding to formula I:
- X represents an oxygen atom or no atom
- Y represents a hydrogen or fluorine atom
- n is a natural whole number varying from 0 to 10 inclusive.
- R F1 denotes: a linear or branched group of formula C n F 2n + 1 (n denoting a natural whole number varying from 1 to 10); or
- R F2 denotes: a linear or branched group of formula C n F 2n (n denoting a natural whole number varying from 1 to 10);
- G represents: a functional group S0 2 F, C0 2 R (R denoting the group
- a preferred embodiment of the process according to the present invention consists of a process for the preparation of a fluorinated copolymer, by reaction:
- R F represents the groups R F1 or R F2 defined above, the group G being absent when R F represents R F1 ;
- n, m and p independently represent natural whole numbers such that the ratio n / m varies from 1 to 25 and such that p varies from 10 to 300, preferably the ratio n / m varies from 2 to 23 and p varies from 15 to 200, even more preferably the n / m ratio varies from 6 to 19 and p varies from 20 to 100.
- Another preferred embodiment of the invention consists of a process for preparing the fluorinated copolymer, by reaction:
- R F represents the groups R F1 or R F2 defined above, the group G being absent when R F represents R F1 ;
- q, r and s independently represent natural whole numbers such that the ratio q / r varies from 1 to 20 and s varies from 10 to 300, preferably the ratio q / r varies from 2 to 15 and s varies from 15 at 200, more preferably still the ratio q / r varies from 2 to 10 and s varies from 20 to 100.
- Another object of the present invention consists of a copolymerization process, comprising the reaction:
- R F1 denotes: a linear or branched group of formula C n F 2n + 1 (n denoting a natural whole number varying from 1 to 10); or
- R F2 denotes: a linear or branched group of formula C n F 2n (n denoting a natural whole number varying from 1 to 10); and in which G represents a functional group
- X, Y and Z independently represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine atoms or groups of formula C n F 2n + 1 (n being 1, 2 or 3) but X, Y and Z born can simultaneously represent a fluorine atom,
- R F represents the groups R F1 or R F2 defined above, the group G being absent when R F represents R F ⁇ ;
- a, b, c and d independently represent natural integers such that the ratio b / a varies from 0.1 to 15, such that the ratio b / c varies from 20 to 20 and such that d varies from 10 to 200.
- the ratio b / a varies from 1 to 10
- the ratio b / c varies from 1 to 15 and d varies from 15 to 150.
- the ratio b / a varies from 2 to 6
- the b / c ratio varies from 2 to 9 and d varies from 25 to 100.
- R F1 denotes: a linear or branched group of formula (n denoting a natural whole number varying from 1 to 10); or
- R F2 denotes: a linear or branched group of formula C n F 2n (n denoting a natural whole number varying from 1 to 10);
- X, Y and Z independently represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine atoms or groups of formula C n F 2n + 1 (n being 1, 2 or 3) but X, Y and Z cannot simultaneously represent a fluorine atom,
- R F represents the groups R F1 or R F2 defined above, the group G being absent when R F represents R FÎ ;
- e, f, g and h independently represent whole numbers such that the ratio f / e varies from 1 to 10, such that the ratio f / g varies from 1 to 10 and such that h varies from 10 to 250, advantageously the ratio f / e varies from 1 to 5, the ratio fg varies from 2 to 8 and h varies from 15 to 200, according to an even more preferential mode the f / e ratio varies from 1 to 3, the f / g ratio varies from 3 to 7 and h varies from 20 to 150.
- This copolymerization process is preferably carried out in a cuvée (“batch” type) and the reaction is carried out in emulsion, in microemulsion, in suspension or in solution.
- the reaction is initiated in the presence of at least one organic radical initiator preferably chosen from the group consisting of peroxides, peresters, percarbonates, alkyl peroxypivalates and diazo compounds.
- organic radical initiator preferably chosen from the group consisting of peroxides, peresters, percarbonates, alkyl peroxypivalates and diazo compounds.
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of:
- At least one peroxide preferably selected from the group consisting of t-butyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide and t-butyl peroxypivalate and t-amyl peroxypivalate; and or
- At least one perester which is preferably benzoyl peroxide; and or - At least one percarbonate which is preferably t-butyl cyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate.
- the concentration of peroxide and / or perester and / or percarbonate in the reaction medium is such that the initial molar ratio between the initiator and the monomers ([initiator] 0 / [monomersjo) is between 0.1 and 2%, and preferably between 0.5 and 1%, the initiator being the compound of formula tBuO-OtBu or tBuO-OC (0) tBu and the monomers being the compounds of formula I, II, ⁇ i ⁇ , ⁇ i2, ⁇ r, ⁇ "etv ⁇ .
- the expression [initiator] o expresses the initial molar concentration of initiator and the expression [monomers] o expresses the total initial concentration of monomers.
- the copolymerization reaction is preferably carried out:
- the copolymerization process is preferably carried out in solution in the presence of at least one organic solvent which is advantageously chosen from the group consisting of perfluoro-n-hexane, acetonitrile or mixtures of perfluoro-n-hexane and acetonitrile .
- the solvent content in the reaction medium is preferably such that the initial mass ratio between the solvent and the monomers is between 0.5 and 1.5, more preferably still between 0.6 and 1.2.
- the reaction is carried out with an initial molar ratio between the initiator and the monomers ([initiator] 0 / [monomers] o) which is between 0 , 1 and 2%, and preferably between 0.5 and 1%.
- the initiator being the compound of formula tBuO-OtBu or tBuO-OC (0) tBu and the monomers being the compounds of formula I, II, III ! , III 2 , II ', II "and VI as defined above.
- the expression [initiator] o expresses the initial molar concentration of initiator and the expression [monomers] o expresses the total initial concentration of monomers.
- the copolymerization process is implemented with a reagent of formula III ⁇ or III 2 which is preferably perfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) fluoride.
- a reagent of formula III ⁇ or III 2 which is preferably perfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) fluoride.
- a third object of the present invention consists of fluorinated polymers preferably by fluorinated copolymers capable of being obtained by the implementation of one of the methods defined in the preceding part relating to the second object of the present invention.
- a fourth object of the present invention consists of the bromofunctional fluorinated copolymers capable of being obtained by the implementation of any of the methods defined in the preceding part relating to the second object of the present invention.
- the bromofunctional fluorinated copolymers contain from 7 to 24% of bromotrifluoroethylene (BrTFE); from 20 to 30% perfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride (PFS0 2 F); and 56 to 73% vinylidene fluoride (VDF).
- BrTFE bromotrifluoroethylene
- PFS0 2 F perfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- the bromofunctional fluorinated copolymers contain from 2 to 15% of 1,1,2-trifluoro-4-bromobutene (BrEF); from 20 to 30% of ⁇ erfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride (PFS0 2 F); and from 65 to 78% vinylidene fluoride (VDF).
- BrEF 1,1,2-trifluoro-4-bromobutene
- PFS0 2 F ⁇ erfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- bromofunctional fluorinated copolymers those which have the following chemical functions or fluorinated groups:
- bromofunctional fluorinated copolymers those which have the following chemical functions or fluorinated groups:
- -OCF 2 CF (CF 3 ) OCF 2 CF 2 S ⁇ 2 F; tBuO-CF 2 CH 2 -; -CH 2 CF 2 -CH 2 CF2-CH 2 CF 2 -; -CF 2 CF (R F ) -CH 2 CF2-CH 2 CF 2 -; -CF 2 CF (R F ) -CH 2 CF 2 -CH 2 CF 2 -CF 2 CF (R F ) -; -CH2CF 2 -CH2CF 2 -CF 2 CH 2 -; -CF 2 CF (OR F S ⁇ 2 F) -CH 2 CF 2 -CF 2 CF (OR F S0 2 F) -; -CH 2 CF 2 -CH 2 CF 2 -CF 2 CF (R F ) -; -OCF 2 CF (CF 3 ) OCF 2 CF 2 S ⁇ 2 F; -CH2CF 2 -CH CF 2 -CF 2 CH 2 -;
- a fifth object of the present application consists of a process for the preparation of a bromosulfonated fluorinated elastomer, characterized in that any one of the polymers obtained according to one of the processes of the invention is subjected to a crosslinking step preferably performed in the presence of at least one peroxide (preferably at a concentration between 1 and 5%) and / or in the presence of at least one triallyl isocyanurate (preferably at a concentration between 5 and 20%) followed by a step of hot post-crosslinking, ie at 200 - 220 ° C.
- a crosslinking step preferably performed in the presence of at least one peroxide (preferably at a concentration between 1 and 5%) and / or in the presence of at least one triallyl isocyanurate (preferably at a concentration between 5 and 20%) followed by a step of hot post-crosslinking, ie at 200 - 220 ° C.
- a sixth object of the present application consists of the bromosulfonated fluorinated elastomers capable of being obtained by the processes which constitute the fifth object of the present invention.
- a preferred family of the elastomeric compounds according to the invention is constituted by the bromosulfonated fluorinated elastomers, having very low glass transition temperatures (T g ), these glass transition temperatures which are measured according to standard ASTM E-1356-98 are included. preferably between -45 and -18 ° C, more preferably still between -35 and -21 ° C.
- Bromosulfonated fluorinated elastomers are also characterized in that they have: - an inherent viscosity measured according to the ASTM D-2857-95 method which is preferably between 0.8 and 1.8 ml / g; and or
- thermostability preferably up to 325 ° C in air, temperature value at which a mass loss of 5% is measured.
- a seventh subject of the present application consists of the use of one or more of the crosslinkable bromosulfonated fluorinated elastomers according to the invention, for:
- An eighth object of the present invention consists of a process for crosslinking the sulphonyl groups of a sulphonated polymer chosen from the family of bromosulphonated fluorinated elastomers defined in the fifth and sixth object of the present invention.
- at least a fraction of the crosslinking bonds carries an ionic charge.
- the process includes also bringing said sulfonated polymer into contact with a crosslinking agent allowing the reaction between two sulfonyl groups originating from adjacent polymer chains, to form said crosslinking bonds.
- the invention describes the synthesis of original fluorinated elastomeric copolymers, based on commercial fluorobrominated monomers (such as bromotrifluoroethylene, BrTFE) or synthetic (such as 1,1,2-trifluoro-4-bromobutene, BrEF ) and containing a functional perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and / or a functional perfluoroalkoxyalkyl vinyl ether and possibly other fluorinated alkenes.
- commercial fluorobrominated monomers such as bromotrifluoroethylene, BrTFE
- synthetic such as 1,1,2-trifluoro-4-bromobutene, BrEF
- the originality of this invention comes in particular from the following characteristics:
- the crosslinkable fluorinated elastomers obtained by the present invention are of minority composition in fluorobrominated monomers of structure XYC ***** - CZW (CT 2 ) ⁇ Br (with X, Y, Z can be chosen from hydrogen atoms, or halogens with at least one fluorine atom, W representing an oxygen atom or no atom; T symbolizing a hydrogen or fluorine atom and x being a natural whole number between 0 and 10 inclusive) and majority in functional perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PAVE) or functional perfluoroalkoxyalkyl vinyl ether (PAAVE) for the copolymers; and of minority composition in fluorobrominated monomers and - in majority in VDF or in functional perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether or functional perfluoroalkoxyalkyl vinyl ether according to the initial molar ratios of these two fluorinated monomers for the terpolymers;
- the fluorinated elastomers synthesized by said invention have very low glass transition temperatures (T g ), these elastomers thus being able to find applications in the field of plastics processing ("aid process sing" or implementing agents), or other advanced industries (aerospace, electronics or automotive, petroleum, transporting corrosive, acidic or very cold fluids such as liquid nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen).
- T g glass transition temperatures
- high thermal resistance seals can be prepared from these elastomers; 6 °
- These bromosulfonated fluorinated elastomers are easily crosslinkable with peroxides. This crosslinking significantly improves the properties of resistance to oxidation and to solvents, hydrocarbons, fuels, acids and aggressive media.
- X is F, Cl or CF 3 ; n is 0 to 10 inclusive.
- the crosslinking can be carried out while the polymer is in the form of a nonionic polymer precursor, but after having been molded or pressed in the desired form.
- This therefore results in a much more mechanically resistant material.
- the present invention also relates to the molding or pressing of the polymer crosslinked in the form of membranes or hollow fibers (hereinafter "membranes") for use in a fuel cell, electrolyser in water, a chlor-soda process, electrosynthesis, water treatment and the production of 'ozone.
- membranes or hollow fibers hereinafter "membranes”
- the creation of stable crosslinks is carried out by means of a reaction between two -S0 2 L groups originating from adjacent polymer chains.
- the reaction is initiated by a crosslinking agent, and allows the formation of derivatives according to the following formulas:
- r is 0 or 1 M comprises an inorganic or organic cation
- R includes F, C ⁇ . 2 o substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; C ⁇ _ 2 o substituted or unsubstituted aryl; C ⁇ _ 2 o substituted or unsubstituted alkylene, in which the substituent comprises one or more halogen atoms;
- Q comprises a divalent radical C ⁇ _ 2 o alkyl, C ⁇ _ 2 o oxaalkyle, C ⁇ _ 2 o azaalkyle, - 2 0 thiaalkyle, C1- 20 aryle or C ⁇ _ 2 o alkylaryl, each can be optionally substituted
- A includes M, Si (R ') 3 , Ge (R') 3 or Sn (R ') 3 in which R' is C ⁇ _ 18 alkyl;
- L comprises a labile group such as a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br), an electrophilic heterocycle N-imidazolyl, N-triazolyl, R 2 SO 3 in which R is an optionally halogenated organic radical; and
- a labile group such as a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br), an electrophilic heterocycle N-imidazolyl, N-triazolyl, R 2 SO 3 in which R is an optionally halogenated organic radical
- R includes proton; alkyl, alkenyl, oxaalkyl, oxaalkenyl, azaalkyle, azaalkenyle, thiaalkyle, thiaalkényle, dialkylazo, optionally hydrolyzable silaalkyle, silaalkényle radicals
- radicals being able to be linear, branched or cyclic and comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; aliphatic cyclic or heterocyclic radicals of 4 to 26 atoms
- the crosslinking reaction may involve all of the sulfonyl groups, or only a fraction thereof.
- the crosslinking reagents can be added or used according to various techniques well known to the person skilled in the art.
- the polymer is molded into the desired form before crosslinking, for example in the form of membranes or hollow fibers, and the material is immersed or covered with a solution of the crosslinking agent in one or more solvents promoting the reaction. of coupling.
- the remaining -S0 2 L groups can be hydrolyzed in a conventional manner in the form of sulfonate by alkaline hydrolysis.
- the crosslinked polymer obtained according to the process of the present invention can be easily separated from the reaction side products, which are for example volatile, such as (CH 3 ) 3 SiF or (CH 3 ) 3 SiCl.
- the crosslinked polymer can be washed using an appropriate solvent such as water or an organic solvent in which it is insoluble.
- conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art such as for example ion exchange or electrophoresis, can be used to change the M + cation obtained in the crosslinking reaction and / or coming from the ionogenic agent which does not crosslink with the cation desired for the final application.
- TFE Tetrafluoroethylene
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- the fluorinated elastomers in question in said invention can be prepared from the monomer PFS0 2 F whose copolymerization with BrTFE (or BrEF) and VDF have never been the subject of work described in the literature .
- this sulfonated monomer through its sulfonyl fluoride function, makes it possible to create crosslinking sites in these elastomers;
- the fluorinated elastomers obtained by this process have very low glass transition temperatures, varying from -35 to -21 ° C.
- bromosulfonated fluorinated copolymers can be easily crosslinked by means of peroxides, thus leading to stable, inert materials and insoluble in all solvents, hydrocarbons or strong acids.
- the present invention also relates to the synthesis of reactive flu-brominated trifluorovinyl monomers and the production of bromofluorinated elastomers based on VDF and PAVE, then the study of their crosslinking, as well as their field of applications.
- the crosslinking of these fluorobrominated copolymers is carried out in the presence of peroxide and triallylisocyanurate, the general mechanism of which is presented in the article Rubber Chem. Technol. 55 (1982) 1004 or the journal Prog. Polym. Sci. 26 (2001) 105-187.
- peroxide and triallylisocyanurate the general mechanism of which is presented in the article Rubber Chem. Technol. 55 (1982) 1004 or the journal Prog. Polym. Sci. 26 (2001) 105-187.
- no study concerning the copolymerization of PFSO 2 F with brominated alkenes and other fluorinated olefins has been described in the literature.
- the first objective of this invention consists in making available new trifluorovinyl monomers, reactive in copolymerization with fluorinated olefins and having a brominated end. This objective is achieved by the compounds corresponding to formula I:
- X represents an oxygen atom or no atom
- Y represents a hydrogen or fluorine atom
- n is a natural whole number between 0 and 10 inclusive.
- Solution polymerization is however preferably used.
- This therefore includes: vinyl fluoride (VF), vinylidene fluoride (VDF), trifluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), 1- hydropentafluoropropylene, hexafluoroisobutylene, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and generally all fluorinated or perfluorinated vinyl compounds.
- perfluorovinyl ethers also play the role of comonomers.
- PAVE perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers
- PMVE perfluoromethyl vinyl ether
- PEVE perfluoroethyl vinyl ether
- PPVE perfluoropropyl vinyl ether
- PAAVE perfluoroalkoxy alkyl vinyl ethers
- perfluoroalkoxyalkyl vinyl ethers with carboxylic ends or with sulfonyl fluoride ends such as perfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride, can also be used for the synthesis of fluorinated elastomers described in this invention.
- Mixtures of PAVE and PAAVE may be present in the copolymers.
- the brominated monomers used in this invention are olefins in which at least one of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by a bromine atom and optionally, one or more remaining hydrogen atoms have been replaced by an atom of a other halogen, mainly fluorine.
- Some of these monomers are commercial such as vinyl bromide, bromotrifluoroethylene (BrTFE), l-bromo-2,2-difluoroethylene, 4-bromo-3, 3, 4,4-tetrafluoro-l-butene, 3-bromo-3, 3-difluoropropene, 1,1,2-trifluoro-3-bromo-1,3-butadiene or 2-bromoperfluoroethyl perfluorovinylether.
- BrTFE bromotrifluoroethylene
- l-bromo-2,2-difluoroethylene 4-bromo-3, 3, 4,4-tetrafluoro-l-butene
- 3-bromo-3, 3-difluoropropene 1,1,2-trifluoro-3-bromo-1,3-butadiene or 2-bromoperfluoroethyl perfluorovinylether.
- fluorobrominated olefins such as 3-bromopentafluoro-1-propene, 1,1,2,2-trifluoro-3-methyl-4-bromopentene, 4-bromo-3,4-dichloro-3,4-difluoro- l-butene, 6-bromo-5,5,6,6-tetrafluoro-l-hexene, 4-bromo-3-trifluoromethyl-l-butene, l-bromo-l, l-difluoro-2-butene can be prepared by methods such as those described by Tarrant and Gillman (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76 (1954) 3466 and 5423), by Tarrant and Tandon (J. Org.
- the solvents used to carry out the solution polymerization are the following:
- the solvents preferably used are methyl acetate and acetonitrile in variable amounts.
- the reaction temperature range can be determined by the initiator decomposition temperature and ranges from 20 to 200 ° C.
- the temperatures preferentially used are between 55 and 80 ° C.
- the polymerization can be initiated by the intervention of the usual initiators of radical polymerization.
- initiators are the azo (such as azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN), dialkyl peroxydicarbonates, acetylcyclohexanesulfonyl peroxide, aryl or alkyl peroxide such as dibenzoyl peroxide, peroxide dicumyl, t-butyl peroxide, t-alkyl perbenzoates and t-alkyl peroxypivalates.
- azo such as azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN
- dialkyl peroxydicarbonates such as dibenzoyl peroxide, peroxide dicumyl, t-butyl peroxide, t-alkyl perbenzoates and
- dialkyl peroxides preferably t-butyl peroxide
- dialkyl peroxydicarbonates such as diethyl and di-isopropyl peroxydicarbonates
- t-alkyl peroxypivalates such as t-butyl peroxypivalates and t-amyl and, more particularly, to t-alkyl peroxypivalates.
- One of the polymerization methods used can also be by microemulsion as described in European patent E.P. 250,767 or by dispersion, as indicated in American patent 4,789,717 or European patents 196,904; 280,312 and 360,292. The content of these documents is incorporated by reference into the present request.
- I_i is the value of the integration of the signal located at -i ppm on the NMR spectrum of 19 F.
- Ii is the integration value of the signal located at -i ppm on the 19 F NMR spectrum.
- the elastomers of this invention can be crosslinked using peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate systems when such copolymers contain iodine and / or bromine atoms in the terminal position of the macromolecule.
- Peroxidic systems are well known, such as those described in the European patent EP Appl. 136,596 or in Kaut journals. Kunststoff Kunststoff. 44 (1991) 833, Rubber World 207 (1993) 18 or Rubber Chem. Technol. 55 (1982) 1004.
- the vulcanization of these elastomers can also be carried out by ionic methods or by radiation or electron bombardment such as those described in the American patents 3,876,654 and 4,259,463 or the European patent 335,705 or in the journal Prog. Polym. Sci. 26 (2001) 105 or those cited above.
- copolymers of such compositions can find applications in the preparation of O-rings, pump bodies, diaphragms and have very good resistance to fuels, petrol, t-butyl methyl ether, to alcohols, motor oils and strong acids (HCl , HN0 and H 2 S0), combined with good elastomeric properties, in particular very good resistance to low temperatures.
- These copolymers also have the advantage of being crosslinkable in the presence of agents traditionally used.
- Example 1 is given to better illustrate the present invention, but they cannot in any way constitute a limitation on the scope of said invention.
- Example 1
- a Carius tube (inside diameter: 78 mm, thickness:
- Hastelloy reactor equipped with mechanical agitation (hollow Hastelloy blades, ie gas turbine), a pressure gauge, two valves (gas inlet and release), and a rupture disc and located in a thermoregulated mantle, are introduced 465.5 g (1.68 moles) of BrCF 2 CFClBr, 6.5 g (0.016 mole) of bis (4- tertiobutylcyclohexyl) -carboxydicarbonate and 200 g of tertiobutanol.
- the reactor is closed, degassed and then placed under vacuum and cooled to -80 ° C. in an acetone / liquid nitrogen mixture.
- 66 g (2.35 moles) of ethylene are introduced into it.
- the reactor is allowed to return to ambient temperature, then is gradually heated to 60 ° C. which suddenly generates an exotherm reaching 115 ° C. after 25 minutes and leading to a maximum pressure of 28 bars. This pressure gradually drops, which corresponds to the consumption of ethylene.
- the reaction is thus left at 60 ° C for 2 hours.
- the reactor is cooled in ice and then gradually degassed.
- the solvent is evaporated off and the crude CPV chromatogram shows the total conversion of 1,2-dibromo-1,2,2-trifluoro-2-chloroethane.
- the overall yield is 85%.
- the monoethylenated derivative, l, 4-dibromo-2-chloro-l, l, 2-trifluorobutane is first recovered,
- the reactor is allowed to return to ambient temperature, then it is heated to 75 ° C. in an oil bath for 15 hours. After cooling to room temperature and then in ice, the reactor is degassed. The acetonitrile is partially evaporated, then the copolymer is precipitated by slow addition dropwise into 200 ml of cold, highly agitated pentane. The copolymer sticks to the walls of the Erlenmeyer flask and after decantation, separation and drying under vacuum at 80 ° C. until constant weight, 31 g of very viscous orange product are obtained. The yield is 40%.
- Thermogravimetric analyzes were carried out using TGA 51-133 apparatus, Texas Instruments, in air, with a heating rate of 10 ° C / min.
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- the reactor is allowed to return to room temperature, then it is heated at 135 ° C for 18 hours. After cooling in ice, the reactor is degassed and 3.2 g of unreacted VDF have been released (the conversion rate of VDF is 77%).
- the 19 F NMR characterization of the reaction crude shows that 82% of the sulfonated monomer has reacted (the presence of the characteristic signal centered at -138.5 ppm indicates the presence of the sulfonated monomer which has not completely reacted).
- the acetonitrile is partially evaporated and then, as in the previous example, the copolymer is precipitated by adding dropwise to 200 ml of cold, highly agitated pentane.
- the acetone is evaporated and then the viscous residue is spread in a mold, located between two sheets of PTFE, pressed (2 bars) at 175 ° C for 20 min then 200 ° C for 2 hours.
- the film obtained is clear, homogeneous and insoluble in all organic solvents and hydrocarbons and in concentrated HCl and H 2 SO 4 .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002510414A JP2004502786A (ja) | 2000-06-13 | 2001-06-12 | 低いTgを示すフッ化ビニリデンを主成分とする、架橋性ブロモスルホン化フルオロエラストマー |
EP01947073A EP1289915A2 (fr) | 2000-06-13 | 2001-06-12 | LASTOM RES R TICULABLES FLUOR S BROMOSULFON S BASE DE FLUORURE DE VINYLID NE PR SENTANT UNE FAIBLE T g? ET PROC D S POUR LEURS PR PARATIONS |
AU2001268869A AU2001268869A1 (en) | 2000-06-13 | 2001-06-12 | Bromosulphonated fluorinated crosslinkable elastomers based on vinylidene fluoride having very low tg and method for preparing same |
CA002407648A CA2407648A1 (fr) | 2000-06-13 | 2001-06-12 | Elastomeres reticulables fluores bromosulfones a base de fluorure de vinylidene presentant une faible tg et procede pour leurs preparations |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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CA2,312,194 | 2000-06-13 | ||
CA002312194A CA2312194A1 (fr) | 2000-06-13 | 2000-06-13 | Elastomeres reticulables fluores bromosulfones a faible tg a base de fluorure de vinylidene et ne contenant ni du tetrafluoroethylene ni de groupement siloxane |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001096268A2 true WO2001096268A2 (fr) | 2001-12-20 |
WO2001096268A3 WO2001096268A3 (fr) | 2002-05-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CA2001/000878 WO2001096268A2 (fr) | 2000-06-13 | 2001-06-12 | ÉLASTOMÈRES RÉTICULABLES FLUORÉS BROMOSULFONÉS À BASE DE FLUORURE DE VINYLIDÈNE PRÉSENTANT UNE FAIBLE Tg ET PROCÉDÉS POUR LEURS PRÉPARATIONS |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20030181615A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1289915A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2004502786A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001268869A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2312194A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001096268A2 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
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WO2003095395A1 (fr) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-20 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Procede pour produire des trifluoroethylenes substitues |
WO2003095401A1 (fr) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-20 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Procede pour produire des trifluoroethylenes substitues |
JP2007517088A (ja) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-06-28 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 紫外線により架橋されたポリマー電解質 |
US7847035B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2010-12-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking |
EP2652049A4 (fr) * | 2010-12-17 | 2016-01-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Oligomères fluorés ayant des fractions contenant du brome pendantes |
US9580526B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2017-02-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Partially fluorinated polysulfinic acids and their salts |
CN109369323A (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | 一种2-溴-1,1-二氟乙烯的制备方法 |
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US20030148158A1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2003-08-07 | Ameduri Bruno Michel | Fluorosulphonated elastomers with low glass transition based on vinylidene fluoride |
CA2328433A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-20 | Hydro-Quebec | Elastomeres nitriles fluorosulfones reticulables a faible tg a base de fluorure de vinylidene et ne contenant ni du tetrafluoroethylene ni de groupement siloxane |
US7071271B2 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2006-07-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Aqueous emulsion polymerization of functionalized fluoromonomers |
US7074841B2 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2006-07-11 | Yandrasits Michael A | Polymer electrolyte membranes crosslinked by nitrile trimerization |
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US7112614B2 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2006-09-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Crosslinked polymer |
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EP0079555A1 (fr) * | 1981-11-18 | 1983-05-25 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | L'éther perfluoro(2-bromoéthylique-vinylique) |
WO1999038897A1 (fr) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-05 | Hydro-Quebec | Polymeres sulfones reticules et leur procede de preparation |
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- 2001-06-12 AU AU2001268869A patent/AU2001268869A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-12 EP EP01947073A patent/EP1289915A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-12 US US10/296,833 patent/US20030181615A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-12 JP JP2002510414A patent/JP2004502786A/ja active Pending
- 2001-06-12 WO PCT/CA2001/000878 patent/WO2001096268A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003095395A1 (fr) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-20 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Procede pour produire des trifluoroethylenes substitues |
WO2003095401A1 (fr) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-20 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Procede pour produire des trifluoroethylenes substitues |
US7847035B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2010-12-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking |
US8802793B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2014-08-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking |
JP2007517088A (ja) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-06-28 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 紫外線により架橋されたポリマー電解質 |
JP2012144740A (ja) * | 2003-12-11 | 2012-08-02 | Three M Innovative Properties Co | 紫外線により架橋されたポリマー電解質 |
EP2652049A4 (fr) * | 2010-12-17 | 2016-01-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Oligomères fluorés ayant des fractions contenant du brome pendantes |
US9580526B2 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2017-02-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Partially fluorinated polysulfinic acids and their salts |
CN109369323A (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | 一种2-溴-1,1-二氟乙烯的制备方法 |
CN109369323B (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-01-12 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | 一种2-溴-1,1-二氟乙烯的制备方法 |
Also Published As
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AU2001268869A1 (en) | 2001-12-24 |
EP1289915A2 (fr) | 2003-03-12 |
JP2004502786A (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
US20030181615A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
CA2312194A1 (fr) | 2001-12-13 |
WO2001096268A3 (fr) | 2002-05-16 |
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