WO2003004463A1 - Copolymeres statistiques fluorofonctionnels a faible temperature de transition vitreuse et leur procede d'obtention - Google Patents
Copolymeres statistiques fluorofonctionnels a faible temperature de transition vitreuse et leur procede d'obtention Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003004463A1 WO2003004463A1 PCT/CA2002/001010 CA0201010W WO03004463A1 WO 2003004463 A1 WO2003004463 A1 WO 2003004463A1 CA 0201010 W CA0201010 W CA 0201010W WO 03004463 A1 WO03004463 A1 WO 03004463A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/78—Halides of sulfonic acids
- C07C309/79—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/81—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/013—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens
- C07C17/02—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens to unsaturated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/272—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by addition reactions
- C07C17/278—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by addition reactions of only halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C19/08—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing fluorine
- C07C19/16—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing fluorine and iodine
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fluorofunctional copolymers and their production methods. These copolymers which have excellent physical properties, in particular at low glass transition temperatures, are particularly suitable for use in numerous fields of industrial application and in particular in so-called high-tech fields.
- the present invention also relates to methods for preparing these copolymers, as well as intermediates useful in the implementation of methods for synthesis.
- copolymer as used in the context of the present invention relates to compounds formed from macromolecules containing different monomer units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more. Such high molecular weight compounds are obtained when one or more monomers polymerize together.
- copolymers thus obtained from 3, 4, 5 or 6 different monomer units terpolymers, tetrapolymers, pentapolymers and hexapolymers, obtained respectively by the reactions of terpolymerization, of tetrapolymerization, of pentapolymerization and of 'hexapolymérisation.
- telomer as used in the context of the present invention is used in particular to qualify a compound of structure X (M 1 ) Y in which X and Y represent the groups of a chain transfer agent; M ⁇ represents the monomeric unit and k is a natural whole number generally varying from 1 to 100.
- telomer, telomerization and cotelomerization found in the present invention are defined explicitly in the publication of B. Améduri and B. Boutevin, Telomerization Reactions of Fluorinated Alkenes, RD Chambers, Editor, “Topics in Current Chemistry", Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, volume 192, pages 165-233 (1997).
- Fluorinated elastomers have a unique combination of properties (thermal resistance, to oxidation, to ultraviolet (UV) rays, to aging, to corrosive chemical agents, to fuels and to water absorption; low surface tensions, dielectric constants and refractive indices).
- thermal resistance to oxidation, to ultraviolet (UV) rays, to aging, to corrosive chemical agents, to fuels and to water absorption; low surface tensions, dielectric constants and refractive indices.
- seals space industry, aeronautics
- semiconductors microelectronics
- hoses pipes, pump bodies and diaphragms
- Fluorinated elastomers Polym. J. 17 (1985) 253 and Kaut. Kunststoff Kunststoff. 39 (1986) 196
- copolymers based on vinylidene fluoride or 1,1-difluoroethylene, VDF
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- elastomers Polymers of choice for applications such as coatings and paints or more recently membranes or fuel cell components are resistant to aggressive, reducing or oxidizing conditions as well as to hydrocarbons, solvents, lubricants (Prog. Polym. Se. 26 (2001) 105).
- VDF-based elastomers can be crosslinked by various routes (chemical in the presence of polyamines, polyalcohols and organic peroxides or ionizing radiation or by electron bombardment), well described in the Progr reviews. Poly. Se. 14 (1989) 251 and 26 (2001) 105, Rubber Chem. Technol. 55 (1982) 1004, in the book “Modem Fluoropolymers", chapter 32, page 597 or in the article Angew. Makromol. Chem. 76/77 (1979) 39.
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- F 2 C CFOCF 2 CF (CF 3) OC 2 F 4 S0 2 F.
- Asahi Glass Company uses this monomer sulfonated for the manufacture of Flemion ® membranes.
- These membranes can in particular be used as a separating film in fuel cells supplied for example with hydrogen or methanol.
- PFS0 2 F ⁇ erfluoro (4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride
- CF 2 CFOCF 2 CF (CF 3 ) OC 2 F 4 S0 2 F.
- US patent 3,282,875 and PCT application WO 01/49760 A1 describe the terpolymerization PFS0 2 F / VDF / HFP.
- the present invention describes the preparation and then the copolymerization of highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomers with a sulfonyl fluoride end (MFS0 2 F) and containing vinylidene fluoride (VDF), and / or hexafluoropropene (HFP), and / or chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) with fluorinated alkenes.
- MFS0 2 F sulfonyl fluoride end
- VDF vinylidene fluoride
- HFP hexafluoropropene
- CTFE chlorotrifluoroethylene
- the present invention also relates to new fluorinated monomers and to the use of said fluorinated monomers in the synthesis of the copolymers of the invention, as well as to the precursors useful (such as original telomeres) for the synthesis of these fluorinated monomers.
- a first object of the present invention consists of the family of random fluorofunctional copolymers corresponding to the formula Vi:
- X, Y and Z denote a hydrogen or fluorine atom or a group CF 3 ;
- n, m and p independently representing natural whole numbers which are preferably for n between 1 and 20 for m between 1 and 10 and for p between 5 and 400;
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units.
- a preferential subfamily is constituted by the fluorofunctional random copolymers corresponding to formula VI:
- n varies from 3 to 10
- m preferentially m varies from 1 to 5
- p preferentially p varies from 10 to 300
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units.
- fluorosulfonated copolymers of the invention which contain from 68 to 96% by mole of vinylidene fluoride and / or from 4 to 32% by mole of highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomer with a sulfonyl fluoride end .
- the highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomer with a sulfonyl fluoride end is l, l, 3,4,4-pentafluorobut-3-ene-l-sulfonyl fluoride or l, 1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-sulfonyl nonafluoropent-4-ene-2-fluorare.
- a second object of the present invention consists of a process allowing the preparation of the copolymers according to the present invention. This process involves the reaction of a compound of formula I:
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units;
- F 2 C CF (CH 2 CF 2 ) w [CF 2 CF (CF 3 )] x (CF 2 CFCl) y S0 2 F (II)
- w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 (preferably less than or equal to 5) for w, between
- Another preferred subfamily of copolymers according to the invention consists of the subfamily of fluorofunctional random copolymers corresponding to formula VIII:
- a, b, c and d independently representing natural whole numbers, such that the ratio a / b varies from 1 to 15 (preferably this ratio varies from 2 to 10), the ratio a / c varies from 1 to 25 (preferably this ratio varies from 2 to 15) and d varies from 10 to 400 (preferably d varies from 25 to 250);
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units.
- the fluorosulfonated copolymers contain from 54 to 87% by mole of vinylidene fluoride and / or from 11 to 34% by mole of hexafluoropropene and / or from 2 to 12 Mole% of highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomer with a sulfonyl fluoride end.
- the highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomer with a sulfonyl fluoride end is 1,1, 3,4,4,4-pentafluorobut-3-ene-1-sulfonyl fluoride.
- a fluorosulfonated copolymer according to the invention has the following chemical functions or fluorinated groups:
- Fluorosulfonated copolymers in which the highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomer with a sulfonyl fluoride end is l, l, l, 2,3,3,4,5,5-nonafluoropent-4-ene-2-sulfonyl fluoride are of particular interest .
- fluorosulfonated copolymer has the following chemical functions or fluorinated groups:
- a particularly interesting subfamily of copolymers according to the invention consists of fluorosulfonated copolymers as defined above and by those capable of being obtained by one of the previously defined processes, said copolymers being characterized in that they are fluorosulfonated elastomers crosslinkable.
- Another particularly interesting subfamily is constituted by the fluorosulfonated copolymers previously defined and by those capable of being obtained by one of the methods previously defined and which have low glass transition temperatures (T g ).
- these fluorosulfonated copolymers have a glass transition temperature, measured according to standard ASTM E-1356-98, which is less than 0 ° C.
- the fluorosulfonated copolymers according to the invention have a glass transition temperature of between -30 and -5 ° C, limits included. More preferably, these fluorosulfonated copolymers have a glass transition temperature below -20 ° C.
- Another particularly interesting sub-family is constituted by the fluorosulfonated copolymers such as previously defined or such as obtained by one of the methods previously defined and which have a thermostability, measured by thermogravimetric analysis (“TGA”), sr> / ⁇ J - A noteworthy ⁇ which a mass loss of 5% is measured. Even more preferably are the copolymers which exhibit thermostability up to 315 ° C. in air at 10 ° C. per minute, temperature value at which a mass loss of 5% is measured.
- TGA thermogravimetric analysis
- Another object of the present invention consists of a process for the preparation of the copolymers according to the invention comprising the reaction:
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units;
- the methods of the invention are carried out in a cuvée (“batch”).
- the methods of the invention are implemented in emulsion, in micro-emulsion, in suspension or in solution.
- the copolymerization is preferably carried out in the presence of an organic radical initiator or in the presence of at least one persulfate.
- the radical initiator is at least one peroxide and / or at least one perester.
- the copolymerization process according to the invention can be carried out in the presence of t-butyl peroxypivalate at a temperature preferably between 70 and 80 ° C., more preferably still at a temperature of approximately 75 ° C. or by presence of t-butyl peroxide at a temperature preferably between 135 and 145 ° C, more preferably still at a temperature of about 140 ° C.
- - fluorinated solvents of the type: perfluoro-n-hexane, nC 4 F 10 , perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran (FC 75); and - acetone, 1,2-dichloroethane, isopropanol, tert-butanol, acetonitrile or butyronitrile; and
- the organic solvent consists of perfluoro-n-hexane or acetonitrile.
- the initial molar ratios [initiator] 0 / ⁇ [monomers] o vary from 0.1 and 2%, preferably between 0.5 and 1%.
- the expression [amorceurjo means the initial molar concentration of initiator and the expression ⁇ [monomers] o means the total initial concentration of monomers.
- Another object of the present invention consists of the family of monomers corresponding to formula I:
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units.
- w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 for w (preferentially w varies between 0 and 5), between
- x 0 or 1
- y 0 or 10
- the vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units are statistically dispersed, that is to say that they are not in the form of blocks.
- Another preferred subfamily of monomers according to the invention consists of the compounds corresponding to formulas II ! and II 2 :
- F 2 C CFCF 2 CF (CF 3 ) S0 2 F (II 2 )
- w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 (preferably less than or equal to 5) for w, between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for x and between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for y.
- R F denotes the group
- F 2 C CF (CH 2 CF 2 ) w [CF 2 CF (CF 3 )] x (CF 2 CFCl) y S0 2 F (II)
- w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 (preferably less than or equal to 5) for w, between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for x and between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for y.
- Another object of the present invention consists of the use of the compounds of formula III:
- w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 (preferably less than or equal to 5) for w, between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for x and between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for y.
- F 2 C CF (CH 2 CF 2 ) w [CF 2 CF (CF 3 )] x (CF 2 CFCl) y S0 2 F (II)
- Another object of the present invention consists of the family of telomeres corresponding to formula III defined above.
- one of the preferred telomeres corresponds to formula III i:
- telomeres of formulas III, IIIi and III 2 can advantageously be synthesized by telomerization or by cotelomerization in stages of vinylidene fluoride and / or hexafluoropropene and / or chlorotrifluoroethylene with C1CF 2 CFC1I.
- Another object of the present invention consists of a process for crosslinking the sulfonyl fluoride groups of a fluorosulfonated copolymer chosen from the family of previously defined crosslinkable fluorosulfonated elastomers, said method comprising bringing said polymer into contact with a crosslinking agent. the reaction between two sulfonyl groups originating from adjacent polymer chains, to form said crosslinking bonds, the polymer thus obtained is characterized in that at least a fraction of the crosslinking bonds carries an ionic charge.
- Another object of the present application consists of the use of crosslinkable fluorosulfonated elastomers previously defined for the manufacture of membranes, polymer electrolytes, ionomers, membranes for fuel cells, in particular supplied with hydrogen or methanol; for obtaining gaskets and O-rings, hoses, pipes, pump bodies, diaphragms, piston heads (finding applications in the aeronautical, petroleum, automotive, mining, nuclear industries) and for the plastics industry ( assistance with implementation).
- Another object of the present invention consists of a process for the manufacture of membranes of the ion exchange type, and preferably of cations, said process comprising various transformations of the copolymers according to the invention, transformations generally mastered by the person skilled in the art, these being in particular described in the international publication bearing the number WO 99/38897, and more specifically in Examples 1 to 11 of said publication.
- Such membranes are capable of being obtained by a process comprising the transformation of one or more of the elastomers object of the invention according to techniques known to the person skilled in the art considered.
- Such polymer electrolytes are capable of being obtained by the transformation of one or more of the elastomers object of the invention according to techniques known to the person skilled in the art considered.
- Such ionomers are capable of being obtained by a process comprising the transformation of one or more of the elastomers object of the invention by a process according to techniques known to the person skilled in the art considered.
- Such seals are capable of being obtained by a process comprising the transformation of one or more of the elastomers object of the invention according to techniques known to the person skilled in the art considered.
- the present invention therefore relates in particular to the synthesis of reactive trifluorovinyl monomers based on VDF, HFP or CTFE containing a sulfonyl fluoride end and obtaining fluorinated elastomers based on VDF, or VDF and HFP, then their crosslinking, as well as their fields of application.
- Cross-linking of these fluorosulfonated polymers is carried out, for example, in the presence of hexamethyldisilazane.
- One of the primary objectives of this invention consists in making available new highly fluorinated trifluorovinyl monomers, reactive in copolymerization with fluorinated olefins and having a sulfonyl fluoride end. This objective is achieved by the compounds corresponding to formula I:
- R F represents one or more units chosen from the group consisting of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropene and chlorotrifluoroethylene units.
- F 2 C CF (CH 2 CF 7 ) w rCF 2 CF (CF 3 ) l x (CF 2 CFCl) v S0 2 F (II) in which: w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 for w, between 0 and 5 for x and between 0 and 5 for y.
- R F denotes the group
- R F has the same meaning as in formula IV.
- R F has the same meaning as in formula IV.
- R F denotes the group (CH 2 CF 2 ) w [CF 2 CF (CF 3 )] x (CF 2 CFCl) y and where w, x and y are whole numbers varying independently between 0 and 10 ( preferably less than or equal to 5) for w, between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for x and between 0 and 5 (preferably less than or equal to 1) for y-
- telomeres represented by formula III ′, are obtained by telomerization or by cotelomerization in stages (“step-wise”) of VDF, and / or of HFP, and / or of CTFE with C1CF 2 CFC1I, the latter being prepared by addition of ICl on the CTFE.
- M VDF or HFP or CTFE (one or more steps)
- n is a natural whole number between 0 and 5 inclusive;
- R F represents one or more vinylidene fluoride units (VDF), and / or a hexafluoropropene unit (HFP), and / or a chlorotrifluoroethylene unit (CTFE).
- the preparation of the fluorosulfonated elastomers according to the invention can be carried out by implementing different types of polymerization, namely emulsion, microemulsion, bulk, suspension and solution polymerization.
- Solution polymerization represents a preferred route of synthesis.
- This therefore includes: vinyl fluoride (VF), vinylidene fluoride (VDF), trifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), 1-hydropentafluoropro ⁇ ylene, hexafluoroisobutylene, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and generally all fluorinated or perfluorinated vinyl compounds.
- perfluorovinyl ethers also play the role of comonomers.
- PAVE perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers
- PMVE perfluoromethyl vinyl ether
- PEVE perfluoroethyl vinyl ether
- PPVE perfluoropropyl vinyl ether
- PAAVE perfluoroalkoxy alkyl vinyl ethers
- perfluoroalkoxyalkyl vinyl ethers having a carboxylic end or a sulfonyl fluoride end can also be used for the synthesis of fluorinated elastomers described in this invention.
- Mixtures of PAVE and PAAVE may be present in the copolymers.
- the solvents used to carry out the solution polymerization are preferably the following:
- fluorinated solvents of the type: perfluoro-n-hexane, nC 4 F 10 , perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran (FC 75); and
- the preferred solvents are acetonitrile and perfluoro-n-hexane in varying amounts.
- the amounts of solvents used are generally around 40% to 75% of the volume of the reactor. Furthermore, when they are used in the form of mixtures, these solvents are preferably found in a proportion of 50% - 50%.
- the reaction temperature range can be determined by the initiator decomposition temperature and ranges from 20 to 200 ° C.
- the temperatures preferentially used are between 55 and 80 ° C.
- the polymerization can be initiated in the presence of the initiators customary for radical polymerization.
- initiators are the azo (such as razobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN), dialkyl peroxydicarbonates, acetylcyclohexanesulfonyl peroxide, aryl or alkyl peroxide such as dibenzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide , t-butyl peroxide, t-alkyl perbenzoates and t-alkyl peroxypivalates.
- azo such as razobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN
- dialkyl peroxydicarbonates such as dibenzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide , t-butyl peroxide, t-alkyl perbenzoates and t-alkyl peroxypivalates.
- dialkyl peroxides preferably t-butyl peroxide
- dialkyl peroxydicarbonates such as diethyl and di-isopropyl peroxydicarbonates
- t-alkyl peroxypivalates such as t peroxypivalates -butyl and t-amyl and, more particularly still, to t-alkyl peroxypivalates.
- One of the polymerization processes used can also be by microemulsion as described in European patent EP 250,767 or by dispersion, as indicated in American patent 4,789,717 or European patents 196,904; 280.312 and 360.292.
- the reaction pressures vary between 2 and 120 bars depending on the experimental conditions.
- Chain transfer agents can generally be used to regulate and mainly decrease the molecular weights of the copolymers.
- VDF / MFS0 2 F, VDF / HFP and HFP / MFS0 2 F diades as well as the head-tail and head-head sequences of the VDF unit blocks (respectively at -91 and -113, -116 ppm).
- I. ! is the integration value of the signal located at -i ppm on the 1 i 9 y ⁇ F NMR spectrum.
- copolymers of such compositions can find applications in the components of fuel cells supplied for example with hydrogen or methanol, in particular for the manufacture of the proton membrane, as well as the preparation of O-rings, pump bodies, diaphragms with very good resistance to fuels, petrol, t-butyl methyl ether, alcohols, motor oils and strong acids (for example: HC1, HN0 3 and H 2 S0 4 ), combined with good elastomeric properties, in particular very good resistance to low temperatures.
- These copolymers also have the advantage of being crosslinkable in the presence of agents traditionally used.
- the elastomers of this invention can be crosslinked using, in particular, systems based on hexamethyldisilazane. These systems are well known, such as those described in the article Inorg. Chem. 23 (1984) 3720, for the crosslinking of sulphonyl functions, in international patent WO 99/05126 and in Canadian application 2,283,132.
- FC CF- 0- CF 2 -CF- CF.-CF -SO F 2 IX
- X is F, Cl or CF 3 ; n is 0 to 10 inclusive.
- the crosslinking can be carried out while the polymer is in the form of a nonionic polymer precursor, but after having been molded or pressed in the desired form.
- This therefore results in a much more mechanically resistant material.
- the present invention also relates to the molding or pressing of the crosslinked polymer in the form of membranes or hollow fibers (hereinafter "membranes") for use in a fuel cell, electrolyser in water, a chlorine-soda process, electrosynthesis, water treatment and ozone production.
- membranes or hollow fibers hereinafter "membranes”
- the creation of stable crosslinks is carried out by means of a reaction between two groups -S0 2 L originating from polymer chains adjacent.
- the reaction is initiated by a crosslinking agent, and allows the formation of derivatives according to the following formulas:
- M comprises an inorganic or organic cation
- Y includes N or CR in which R comprises H, CN, F, S0 2 R 3 , C ⁇ - 2 o substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; C ⁇ . 2 o e ar yl substituted or unsubstituted; . 20 substituted or unsubstituted alkylene, wherein the substituent comprises one or more halogen atoms, and in which the chain includes one or more substituents F, SO 2 R, aza, oxa, thia or dioxathia;
- R 3 comprises F, C ⁇ -2 o substituted or unsubstituted alkyl 5; C ⁇ . 20 aryl substituted or unsubstituted;
- 10 Q comprises a divalent radical C ⁇ _ 2 o alkyl, C ⁇ -20 oxaalkyl, C ⁇ -20 azaalkyl, thiaalkyl C ⁇ _ 2 o, -20 aryl or C ⁇ C ⁇ -2 o alkylaryl, each of which may be optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms , and in which the chain
- A includes M, Si (R ') 3 , Ge (R') 3 or Sn (R ') 3 in which R' is C ⁇ _ ⁇ 8 alkyl;
- L comprises a labile group such as a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br), an electrophilic heterocycle N-imidazolyl, N-triazolyl, R 2 SO 3 in which R 2 is an optionally halogenated organic radical; and
- a labile group such as a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br), an electrophilic heterocycle N-imidazolyl, N-triazolyl, R 2 SO 3 in which R 2 is an optionally halogenated organic radical
- R 2 includes the proton; alkyl, alkenyl, oxaalkyl, oxaalkenyl, azaalkyle, azaalkenyle, thiaalkyle, thiaalkényle radicals, dialkylazo, optionally hydrolyzable silaalkyls, optionally hydrolyzable silaalkenyls, said radicals being able to be linear, branched or cyclic and comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; aliphatic cyclic or heterocyclic radicals of 4 to 26 carbon atoms optionally comprising at least one side chain comprising one or more heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur; aryls, arylalkyls, alkylaryls and alkenylaryls of 5 to 26 carbon atoms optionally including one or more heteroatoms in the aromatic ring or in a substituent.
- the crosslinking reaction may involve all of the sulfonyl groups, or only a fraction thereof.
- the crosslinking reagents can be added or used according to various techniques well known to the person skilled in the art.
- the polymer is molded into the desired form before crosslinking, for example in the form of membranes or hollow fibers, and the material is immersed or covered with a solution of the crosslinking agent in one or more solvents promoting the reaction. of coupling.
- the remaining -S0 2 L groups can be hydrolyzed in a conventional manner in the form of sulfonate by alkaline hydrolysis.
- the crosslinked polymer obtained according to the process of the present invention can be easily separated from the reaction side products, which are for example volatile, such as (CH 3 ) 3 SiF or (CH 3 ) 3 SiCl.
- the crosslinked polymer can be washed using an appropriate solvent such as water or an organic solvent in which it is insoluble.
- conventional techniques well known to the person skilled in the art such as for example ion exchange or electrophoresis, can be used to change the cation M obtained in the crosslinking reaction and / or coming from the agent. ionogenic non-crosslinking by the cation desired for the final application.
- a Carius tube (inside diameter: 78 mm, thickness: 2.5 mm and length 310 mm) containing a magnetic rod, 175.5 g (1.08 moles) of iodine monochloride (HERE), 1.1 g (0.006 mole) of benzophenone and 150 g of methyl chloride is cooled in a liquid nitrogen / acetone mixture (-80 ° C). After having made three vacuum / nitrogen cycles there, 131 g (1.12 moles) of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) are introduced there. The tube is sealed and then gradually warmed to room temperature. Then, the solution is stirred under UV (mercury vapor lamp Philips HPK 125 W) for 6 hours.
- UV mercury vapor lamp Philips HPK 125 W
- the reaction crude is a dark pink liquid containing iodine crystals.
- the product obtained is a mixture of two isomers: l-iodo-l, 2-dichlorotrifluoroethane (92%) and l, l-dichloro-2-iodotrifluoroethane (8%).
- the reactor After cooling to room temperature, the reactor is cooled in ice and then gradually degassed.
- the crude CPV clrromatograrnme pink liquid containing iodine particles shows the almost total conversion of 1,2-chloro-1-iodotrifluoroethane, the majority formation of the monoadduct C1CF 2 CFC1CH 2 CF 2 I (87%), of the diadduit C1CF 2 CFC1 (VDF) 2 I (10%) and the triadduit C1CF 2 CFC1 (VDF) 3 I (3%).
- the diadduit is composed of 91% of the isomer
- the minority isomer 1,2,3-trichloro-4-iodoperfiuorobutane (5%), also contains two diastereoisomers.
- a three-necked flask fitted with a dropping funnel, a condenser and a nitrogen inlet containing 100.1 g of Na 2 S 2 0 4 , 82.0 g of NaHC0 3 , 250 ml of water and 150 ml of acetonitrile is heated to 40 ° C with stirring. At this temperature, 74.2 g (0.265 mol) of C1CF 2 CFC1I are added thereto dropwise (the duration of the addition is approximately 45 minutes) under nitrogen and with vigorous stirring. The reaction mixture is stirred and heated at 40 ° C for 15 hours. The acetonitrile is evaporated and the fluorinated phase extracted with chloroform. The crude is washed three times with 120 ml of water - or -
- the compound namely 5,6-dichloro-3-trifluoromethyl-1, 1, 3,4,4,5,6,6-octafluorohexane-1-sulfonyl fluoride, has two diastereoisomers.
- a three-necked flask equipped with a refrigerant and a nitrogen inlet contains a magnetic bar, 11.07 g (0.169 mol) of zinc activated by a mixture consisting of 1.0 g of acetic acid and 1.0 g of acetic anhydride, and 50 ml of DMF anhydride. After heating the mixture to 90 ° C, 22.0 g (0.074 mol) of 3, 4-dichloro- 1,1, 3, 4,4-pentafluorobutane-1-sulfonyl fluoride are added dropwise , with strong agitation. After total addition, the reaction medium is left stirred at 90 ° C for 5 hours.
- This compound namely 4-chloro-l, l, l, 2,3,3,4,5,5,6,7,7-sulfonyl dodecafluorohept-6-ene-2-fluoride, is obtained with a yield 59% and has two diastereoisomers.
- Thermogravimetric analyzes were carried out using TGA 51-133 apparatus, Texas Instruments, in air, with a heating rate of 10 ° C / min. For example 34, a loss of 5% of the copolymer in air is observed from 294 ° C.
- the reactor is allowed to return to ambient temperature, then it is heated to 140 ° C. for a period of 18 hours during which the pressure passes through a maximum of 32 bars then drops to 17 bars. After cooling in ice, the reactor is degassed and 14.5 g of unreacted VDF and HFP have been released (the conversion rate of gaseous monomers is 49%).
- the 19 F NMR spectrum makes it possible to know unambiguously the molar percentages of the three comonomers from signals characteristic of the different fluorinated groups contained in the constituent units of VDF (73.5%); M 2 FS0 2 F (4.8%) and HFP (21.7%) (Table 4).
- Thermogravimetric analysis (ATG) carried out in air at 10 ° C / min has shown that this copolymer lost about 5% of its mass at 301 ° C.
- the experimental details and the results of the other examples are summarized in Table 2.
- the 19 F NMR analysis characterizing different chemical shifts of the various fluorinated groups are shown in Table 4.
- This invention therefore describes in particular the synthesis of new highly fluorinated monomers with a sulfonyl fluoride end (MFS0 2 F) containing VDF, and / or HFP, and / or CTFE, and their fluorinated elastomeric copolymers based on comonomers.
- FFS0 2 F sulfonyl fluoride end
- the originality of this invention lies in the following facts: °) the preparation of original trifluorovinyl monomers containing VDF, and / or HFP, and / or CTFE with sulfonyl fluoride end (MFS0 2 F), reagents in copolymerization with commercial fluorinated alkenes or functional fluorinated monomers;
- the fluorosulfonated elastomers synthesized by said invention these elastomers can thus find applications in the field of plastics processing ("aid processing” or implementing agents), or other advanced industries (aerospace, electronics or automotive, petroleum, transport of corrosive fluids, acids or very cold such as liquid nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen) and as materials in the energy sector (for example membranes of fuel cells supplied in particular with hydrogen or methanol).
- processing or implementing agents
- materials in the energy sector for example membranes of fuel cells supplied in particular with hydrogen or methanol.
- high thermal resistance seals can be prepared from these elastomers.
- the fluorosulfonated elastomers are easily crosslinkable with hexamethyldisilazanes; this crosslinking significantly improves the properties of resistance to oxidation and to solvents, hydrocarbons, fuels, acids, bases and aggressive media.
- the process of said invention consists in a radical polymerization in the presence of conventional initiators, readily available commercially;
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- the fluorinated olefin which enters into the composition of the fluorinated elastomers prepared by said invention is vinylidene fluoride (VDF); it is much less expensive and much less dangerous to handle than TFE and gives the elastomers obtained good resistance to oxidation, chemical agents, polar solvents and petroleum and an appreciable reduction in the glass transition temperature ( T g );
- the fluorinated elastomers in question in said invention are prepared from the original monomers mentioned in point 1 °) whose copolymerization with VDF and terpolymerization with VDF and HFP have never been the subject of works described in the literature.
- these sulfonated monomers through their sulfonyl fluoride function, make it possible to creating crosslinking sites (for example of the sulfonimide type) in these elastomers;
- the fluorinated elastomers obtained by this process have very low glass transition temperatures, these being preferably below -20 ° C;
- these fluorosulfonated copolymers can be easily crosslinked by means of hexamethyldisilazane, thus leading to stable, inert materials and insoluble in all solvents, hydrocarbons or strong acids.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/480,819 US20040254319A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 | 2002-07-03 | Flurofunctional statistical polymers with low glass transition temperature and method for obtaining the same |
EP02747115A EP1409451A1 (fr) | 2001-07-05 | 2002-07-03 | Copolymeres statistiques fluorofonctionnels a faible temperature de transition vitreuse et leur procede d'obtention |
CA002447622A CA2447622A1 (fr) | 2001-07-05 | 2002-07-03 | Copolymeres statistiques fluorofonctionnels a faible temperature de transition vitreuse et leur procede d'obtention |
JP2003510631A JP2004536178A (ja) | 2001-07-05 | 2002-07-03 | 低いガラス転移点を持つフルオロ官能性ランダムコポリマーおよびその製法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2,352,417 | 2001-07-05 | ||
CA002352417A CA2352417A1 (fr) | 2001-07-05 | 2001-07-05 | Procede de synthese de monomeres fluorosulfones et leur copolymerisation avec des alcenes fluores |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003004463A1 true WO2003004463A1 (fr) | 2003-01-16 |
WO2003004463A9 WO2003004463A9 (fr) | 2003-12-24 |
Family
ID=4169409
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2002/001010 WO2003004463A1 (fr) | 2001-07-05 | 2002-07-03 | Copolymeres statistiques fluorofonctionnels a faible temperature de transition vitreuse et leur procede d'obtention |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040254319A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1409451A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2004536178A (fr) |
CA (2) | CA2352417A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003004463A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7847035B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2010-12-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking |
US7875392B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2011-01-25 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | Polymer electrolyte membrane having high durability and method for producing the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2496101A (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-07-16 | Hydro-Quebec | Fluorosulphonated elastomers with low glass transition based of vinylidene fluoride |
EP1575880B1 (fr) * | 2002-12-19 | 2010-05-19 | Carrière R. Poudrette Inc. | Procede et dispositif pour le traitement du lisier brut |
US9212279B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2015-12-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microemulsions and fluoropolymers made using microemulsions |
Citations (5)
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US3041317A (en) * | 1960-05-02 | 1962-06-26 | Du Pont | Fluorocarbon sulfonyl fluorides |
US3714245A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1973-01-30 | Du Pont | UNSATURATED alpha -HYDROPERFLUOROALKYLSULFONYL FLUORIDES |
US4275225A (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1981-06-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyfluoroallyloxy compounds, their preparation and copolymers therefrom |
US4396727A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1983-08-02 | Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute | Cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same |
WO2000024709A2 (fr) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-05-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Monomeres, ionomeres et polymeres destines a des utilisations electrochimiques |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US3282875A (en) * | 1964-07-22 | 1966-11-01 | Du Pont | Fluorocarbon vinyl ether polymers |
US3291843A (en) * | 1963-10-08 | 1966-12-13 | Du Pont | Fluorinated vinyl ethers and their preparation |
US3692569A (en) * | 1970-02-12 | 1972-09-19 | Du Pont | Surface-activated fluorocarbon objects |
US4358412A (en) * | 1980-06-11 | 1982-11-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Preparation of vinyl ethers |
IT1189092B (it) * | 1986-04-29 | 1988-01-28 | Ausimont Spa | Processo di polimerizzazione in dispersione acquosa di monomeri fluorurati |
US5039389A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1991-08-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
US4940525A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1990-07-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Low equivalent weight sulfonic fluoropolymers |
US5463005A (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1995-10-31 | Gas Research Institute | Copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluorinated sulfonyl monomers and membranes made therefrom |
-
2001
- 2001-07-05 CA CA002352417A patent/CA2352417A1/fr not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-07-03 WO PCT/CA2002/001010 patent/WO2003004463A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-03 US US10/480,819 patent/US20040254319A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-03 CA CA002447622A patent/CA2447622A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-03 EP EP02747115A patent/EP1409451A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-03 JP JP2003510631A patent/JP2004536178A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3041317A (en) * | 1960-05-02 | 1962-06-26 | Du Pont | Fluorocarbon sulfonyl fluorides |
US3714245A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1973-01-30 | Du Pont | UNSATURATED alpha -HYDROPERFLUOROALKYLSULFONYL FLUORIDES |
US4275225A (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1981-06-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyfluoroallyloxy compounds, their preparation and copolymers therefrom |
US4396727A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1983-08-02 | Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute | Cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same |
WO2000024709A2 (fr) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-05-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Monomeres, ionomeres et polymeres destines a des utilisations electrochimiques |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
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M. HAUPTSCHEIN ET AL., JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 79, 1957, pages 2549 - 2553, XP002218976 * |
M. HAUPTSCHEIN ET AL., JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 79, 1957, pages 6248 - 6253, XP002218974 * |
M. HAUPTSCHEIN ET AL., JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 80, 1958, pages 846 - 851, XP002218975 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7875392B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2011-01-25 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | Polymer electrolyte membrane having high durability and method for producing the same |
US7847035B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2010-12-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking |
US8802793B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2014-08-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1409451A1 (fr) | 2004-04-21 |
WO2003004463A9 (fr) | 2003-12-24 |
CA2447622A1 (fr) | 2003-01-16 |
JP2004536178A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
US20040254319A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
CA2352417A1 (fr) | 2003-01-05 |
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