WO2001086745A2 - Verfahren zum kaltstart von brennstoffzellen einer brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige brennstoffzellenanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zum kaltstart von brennstoffzellen einer brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige brennstoffzellenanlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001086745A2 WO2001086745A2 PCT/DE2001/001790 DE0101790W WO0186745A2 WO 2001086745 A2 WO2001086745 A2 WO 2001086745A2 DE 0101790 W DE0101790 W DE 0101790W WO 0186745 A2 WO0186745 A2 WO 0186745A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- heating
- cell stack
- cell system
- cells
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cold starting fuel cells of a fuel cell system, in which individual fuel cells form at least one fuel cell stack.
- the invention also relates to a fuel cell system with the associated means for performing the specified method.
- a fuel cell system has one electrolyte per fuel cell unit, such as an ion exchange membrane in the PEM fuel cell.
- This ion exchange membrane is proton-conducting in membrane fuel cells, the proton conductivity in membranes based on sulfonated compounds being ensured by liquid water in the membrane.
- the proton conductivity is realized by the phosphoric acid.
- the fuel cell types mentioned have the disadvantage that at low temperatures the electrolyte, i.e. Water below 0 ° C or phosphoric acid below 42 ° C, crystallized.
- Membrane resistance jumps by at least two to three powers of ten. Autothermal heating of the fuel cells is then no longer possible without additional measures.
- P- is fd 3 ⁇ PJ ⁇ ON 3 ⁇ P- OH rt P 1 d Hl T3: ⁇ ⁇ PJ Tl ⁇ ⁇ d cn is P> lJ ⁇ H- I iJ lJ ⁇ ⁇ pj: d Hi ii lJ N d Hl P, H ff d • qd PJ H d ⁇ rt cn P * P- i rt rt P "> lJ H li ⁇ P * ⁇ ⁇ N P-: lJ ⁇ rt Hi
- the overall result of the invention is that no additional liquid circuit and / or heat exchanger from external heating sources to the fuel cell is necessary for heat transfer.
- FIG. 1 shows a first arrangement of separate heating and cooling units in a fuel cell stack shown in longitudinal section
- FIG. 2 shows a heating element from FIG. 1 in a sectional view
- FIG. 3 shows a modification of FIG. 1 with combined heating and cooling elements
- FIG. 4 shows a heating / cooling element 3 shows a sectional view
- FIG. 5 shows a top view of the heating area according to FIG. 2 or FIG. 4.
- Fuel cell stacks are to heat up and electrochemically operate by integrating them into the fuel cell stack. te heating cells are separated. This ensures that the heat from the catalytic combustion can be used to heat up the fuel cell system without loss.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 show a fuel cell stack 10 or 30 of a fuel cell system, which is also generally referred to as “stack *” in the technical field.
- stacks consist, for example, of up to 100 individual fuel cells, whereby practical fuel cell systems can have several stacks that have a common periphery.
- 10 is such a fuel cell stack of individual membrane-electrode assemblies (MEA) 1, 1 ', ..., each alternately arranged adjacent heating units 2, 2 ⁇ ... and cooling units 3, 3, ..., each MEA 1, for example, being adjacent to a heating unit 2 and a cooling unit 3, which are sealed off laterally by seals 5.
- MAA membrane-electrode assemblies
- the heating units 2, 2 ⁇ , ... have a gas distribution layer and a catalyst, which will be explained further below.
- a separate element 2 as a heating cell is alternately provided with a cooling unit 3 after every second membrane electrode unit 1, 1.
- Arrangements with different orders of heating elements and cooling units can also be useful, for example heating units being present after every nth cell of the fuel cell stack 10.
- N can be between 2 and 10.
- FIG. 2 shows a single heating cell 20, which is used for the fuel cell stack 10 in FIG. 1 and works according to the catalytic combustion process, as a single component.
- FIG. 5 The top view of a component for heating is shown in FIG. 5. It can be seen that the gas inlet channel 42 branches into the parallel distribution channels 43 and that there is a common outlet channel 46. The entire surface 53 of the cooling / heating element 40 is thus covered with the cooling / heating medium 44 by the distribution channels 43.
- catalyst material 45 is introduced in the gas distribution channels 43 over the entire surface 53.
- the recombination process of hydrogen and air is used to generate heat. It is advantageously achieved that the heat is generated evenly during the catalytic combustion. It is therefore possible to use the heat for heating fuel cell stacks largely without loss and to improve their cold start performance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001582862A JP2003533002A (ja) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-05-10 | 燃料電池の低温始動方法と燃料電池設備 |
EP01943059A EP1301959A2 (de) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-05-10 | Verfahren zum kaltstart von brennstoffzellen einer brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige brennstoffzellenanlage |
CA002408565A CA2408565A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-05-10 | Method for cold starting fuel cells of a fuel cell facility and corresponding fuel cell facility |
US10/292,332 US20030091875A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2002-11-12 | Method for cold starting fuel cells of a fuel cell facility, and corresponding fuel cell facility |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10023036A DE10023036A1 (de) | 2000-05-11 | 2000-05-11 | Verfahren zum Kaltstart von Brennstoffzellen einer Brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige Brennstoffzellenanlage |
DE10023036.9 | 2000-05-11 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/292,332 Continuation US20030091875A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2002-11-12 | Method for cold starting fuel cells of a fuel cell facility, and corresponding fuel cell facility |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001086745A2 true WO2001086745A2 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
WO2001086745A3 WO2001086745A3 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
Family
ID=7641622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/001790 WO2001086745A2 (de) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-05-10 | Verfahren zum kaltstart von brennstoffzellen einer brennstoffzellenanlage und zugehörige brennstoffzellenanlage |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030091875A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1301959A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003533002A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1441974A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2408565A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10023036A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001086745A2 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1579519A2 (de) * | 2002-01-11 | 2005-09-28 | UTC Fuel Cells, LLC | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verhinderung des frierens von wasser in brennstoffzellen-energieanlagen während der lagerung |
DE102004023057A1 (de) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-12-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Brennstoffzellen-Stack |
JP2006521675A (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2006-09-21 | ユーティーシー フューエル セルズ,エルエルシー | 氷点より低い温度で燃料電池スタックアッセンブリを始動するためのシステムおよび方法 |
US7157169B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2007-01-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
US8163428B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2012-04-24 | Enymotion Gmbh | Fuel cell system and method for operating the same |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10107596B4 (de) * | 2001-02-17 | 2005-11-03 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere PEM (Proton-Exchange Membrane)-Brennstoffzelleneinrichtung |
JP2002324563A (ja) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-11-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP4929571B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-07 | 2012-05-09 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 燃料電池のセパレータ及び燃料電池装置 |
US8603654B2 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2013-12-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Supplemental coolant heating for fuel cells with metal plates |
EP2123786A1 (de) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-11-25 | ArcelorMittal France | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kalt gewalzten Zweiphasen-Stahlblechen mit sehr hoher Festigkeit und so hergestellte Bleche |
JP4986930B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-26 | 2012-07-25 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池およびその運転方法 |
CN104716364B (zh) * | 2013-12-15 | 2018-03-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种锌/空气电池低温启动方法 |
CN110021768B (zh) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-03-30 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种燃料电池的冷启动控制方法、装置及系统 |
Citations (14)
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JPS6054178A (ja) * | 1983-09-02 | 1985-03-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
JPS61158672A (ja) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 空冷式燃料電池の昇温方法 |
JPS62136774A (ja) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-06-19 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池スタツクの保温方法 |
JPS62268066A (ja) * | 1986-05-15 | 1987-11-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法 |
JPS63205058A (ja) * | 1987-02-20 | 1988-08-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
JPH01124962A (ja) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | アルカリ電解質型燃料電池装置 |
JPH04106877A (ja) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-04-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池発電装置 |
US5316870A (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1994-05-31 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Heat supply and electric power-generating fuel cell |
JPH07169476A (ja) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-07-04 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池の保温方法 |
WO2000054356A1 (de) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit verbesserter kaltstartperformance und verfahren zum kaltstarten einer brennstoffzellenbatterie |
DE19910387A1 (de) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-21 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit Heizung und verbesserter Kaltstartperformance und Verfahren zum Kaltstarten einer Brennstoffzellenbatterie |
US6127056A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-10-03 | International Fuel Cells, Llc | Start up of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
DE19931061A1 (de) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-11 | Mannesmann Ag | Anordnung zum Beheizen/Kühlen einer Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellensystem |
WO2001048846A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-05 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for increasing the temperature of a fuel cell stack |
Family Cites Families (2)
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US4994331A (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-02-19 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell evaporative cooling using fuel as a carrier gas |
JPH06260189A (ja) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-09-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
-
2000
- 2000-05-11 DE DE10023036A patent/DE10023036A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-05-10 WO PCT/DE2001/001790 patent/WO2001086745A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-10 JP JP2001582862A patent/JP2003533002A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-10 EP EP01943059A patent/EP1301959A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-10 CN CN01809314A patent/CN1441974A/zh active Pending
- 2001-05-10 CA CA002408565A patent/CA2408565A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-11-12 US US10/292,332 patent/US20030091875A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (14)
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JPS6054178A (ja) * | 1983-09-02 | 1985-03-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
JPS61158672A (ja) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 空冷式燃料電池の昇温方法 |
JPS62136774A (ja) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-06-19 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池スタツクの保温方法 |
JPS62268066A (ja) * | 1986-05-15 | 1987-11-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃料電池の起動方法 |
JPS63205058A (ja) * | 1987-02-20 | 1988-08-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
JPH01124962A (ja) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | アルカリ電解質型燃料電池装置 |
JPH04106877A (ja) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-04-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池発電装置 |
US5316870A (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1994-05-31 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Heat supply and electric power-generating fuel cell |
JPH07169476A (ja) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-07-04 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池の保温方法 |
US6127056A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-10-03 | International Fuel Cells, Llc | Start up of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
WO2000054356A1 (de) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit verbesserter kaltstartperformance und verfahren zum kaltstarten einer brennstoffzellenbatterie |
DE19910387A1 (de) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-21 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenbatterie mit Heizung und verbesserter Kaltstartperformance und Verfahren zum Kaltstarten einer Brennstoffzellenbatterie |
DE19931061A1 (de) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-01-11 | Mannesmann Ag | Anordnung zum Beheizen/Kühlen einer Brennstoffzelle und Brennstoffzellensystem |
WO2001048846A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-05 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for increasing the temperature of a fuel cell stack |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 185 (E-332), 31. Juli 1985 (1985-07-31) -& JP 60 054178 A (MATSUSHITA DENKI SANGYO KK), 28. März 1985 (1985-03-28) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 363 (E-461), 5. Dezember 1986 (1986-12-05) -& JP 61 158672 A (FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD), 18. Juli 1986 (1986-07-18) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 363 (E-560), 26. November 1987 (1987-11-26) -& JP 62 136774 A (FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD), 19. Juni 1987 (1987-06-19) * |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 347 (E-1240), 27. Juli 1992 (1992-07-27) -& JP 04 106877 A (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP), 8. April 1992 (1992-04-08) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 10, 30. November 1995 (1995-11-30) -& JP 07 169476 A (TOSHIBA CORP), 4. Juli 1995 (1995-07-04) * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7157169B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2007-01-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
EP1579519A2 (de) * | 2002-01-11 | 2005-09-28 | UTC Fuel Cells, LLC | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verhinderung des frierens von wasser in brennstoffzellen-energieanlagen während der lagerung |
EP1579519A4 (de) * | 2002-01-11 | 2008-05-14 | Utc Fuel Cells Llc | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verhinderung des frierens von wasser in brennstoffzellen-energieanlagen während der lagerung |
JP2006521675A (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2006-09-21 | ユーティーシー フューエル セルズ,エルエルシー | 氷点より低い温度で燃料電池スタックアッセンブリを始動するためのシステムおよび方法 |
JP4903557B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2012-03-28 | ユーティーシー パワー コーポレイション | 氷点より低い温度で燃料電池スタックアッセンブリを始動するためのシステムおよび方法 |
DE102004023057A1 (de) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-12-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Brennstoffzellen-Stack |
US8163428B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2012-04-24 | Enymotion Gmbh | Fuel cell system and method for operating the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1301959A2 (de) | 2003-04-16 |
US20030091875A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
CA2408565A1 (en) | 2002-11-08 |
CN1441974A (zh) | 2003-09-10 |
JP2003533002A (ja) | 2003-11-05 |
WO2001086745A3 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
DE10023036A1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
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