WO2001069182A2 - Dispositif capteur pour la mesure d'un courant, dispositif pour le passage d'un milieu a travers un espace et procede pour la determination des parametres d'un courant - Google Patents

Dispositif capteur pour la mesure d'un courant, dispositif pour le passage d'un milieu a travers un espace et procede pour la determination des parametres d'un courant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001069182A2
WO2001069182A2 PCT/EP2001/002776 EP0102776W WO0169182A2 WO 2001069182 A2 WO2001069182 A2 WO 2001069182A2 EP 0102776 W EP0102776 W EP 0102776W WO 0169182 A2 WO0169182 A2 WO 0169182A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration
sensor
flow
sensor device
medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/002776
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2001069182A3 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Bosch
Gerald Sobotta
Original Assignee
Eads Deutschland Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eads Deutschland Gmbh filed Critical Eads Deutschland Gmbh
Publication of WO2001069182A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001069182A2/fr
Publication of WO2001069182A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001069182A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G01F1/666—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters by detecting noise and sounds generated by the flowing fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/74—Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid

Definitions

  • Sensor device for flow measurement device for flow through with a medium and method for determining flow parameters
  • the invention relates to a sensor device for flow measurement according to the preamble of claim 1, a device for flow through with a medium according to the preamble of claim 6, and a method for determining flow parameters according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • flow data such as mass throughput or speed within a line or pipeline are determined using measuring devices or sensors that are located directly in a media stream.
  • the sensors can e.g. Have impellers that are driven by the media flow, wherein the flow rate and other flow parameters can be determined via the speed.
  • floats are introduced into the stream, the flow parameters being determined via their movement.
  • hot wire sensors are arranged in the media stream.
  • One or more wires are heated by an electric current and kept at a constant temperature.
  • the power required for this is a measure of the flow velocity.
  • the flow rate can also be determined by changing the electrical resistance of the wires.
  • a sensor device for flow measurement which has a vibration or vibration sensor which can be coupled or coupled from the outside to a device which is flowed through by a medium during operation, the sensor device further comprising an evaluation unit which is connected to the
  • Vibration or vibration sensor can be coupled or coupled and from vibration or Vibration variables of the device determined flow parameters of the flowing medium.
  • the vibration or vibration sensor is preferably firmly connected to the device or to a wall of the device, so that there is a particularly good coupling with regard to sound transmission.
  • the sensor device advantageously comprises a film sensor as a vibration or vibration sensor, in particular a piezo film sensor, which e.g. is made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF piezo film sensor).
  • PVDF piezo film sensor polyvinylidene fluoride
  • a shield or a housing surrounds the sensor device, preferably in the manner of a cover.
  • This provides effective shielding against sensor interference from outside.
  • a tube can also be provided, which is arranged coaxially or concentrically with a first tube which is flowed through and on which the vibration or flow sensor is attached. In this case, the sensor is shielded from the outside by the concentric tube.
  • the vibration or vibration sensor is therefore decoupled from the environment or from the outside, i.e. the weak coupling to the environment results in good sound and flow shielding.
  • the sensor device enables, for example, the determination of the flow and / or speed of the medium in the device.
  • the evaluation unit is preferably designed to filter the signals and in particular to form RMS values from the signals. This enables very quick and very precise evaluations to be carried out, so that the measuring accuracy is increased still further.
  • a device for through-flow with a medium which has a wall which encloses a flow-through interior, the device comprising a sensor device which serves to detect vibrations and / or vibrations and on an outside of the wall is arranged, and which generates signals during operation that represent vibration or vibration quantities, the device further comprising an evaluation unit for evaluating the signals, which determines the flow parameters from the vibration or vibration quantities.
  • the device avoids, in particular, measurement errors dependent on operating time and the service life of the device is significantly increased.
  • Another significant advantage is a uniform measurement method for gases, liquids and, in principle, also for fine-grained bulk materials, such as sand, as flowing media.
  • the design is simplified, which reduces costs. Complex construction and connection techniques, wall bushings, flanges, bearings and membranes or the like can be saved.
  • the design is simplified, which reduces costs. Complex construction and connection techniques, wall bushings, flanges, bearings and membranes or the like can be saved.
  • Sensor device a piezo film sensor, or it is designed as a piezo film sensor, the piezo film sensor being made in particular from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the device preferably comprises a shield or a housing which surrounds the sensor device. This causes the sensor device to face the outside shielded, which increases the lifespan even further and leads to even more precise measurement results.
  • the flow rate and / or the speed of the medium flowing in the device can be determined as flow parameters. This allows the exact mass throughput to be determined so that, for example, exact mixtures can be made from different substances.
  • the evaluation unit is designed to filter the signals and to form RMS values from the signals.
  • the RMS values or Roote Mean Square values enable a particularly precise determination of the flow parameters from the measured signals.
  • the device is advantageously a line or pipeline for supplying air in an internal combustion engine, for example an intake pipe or intake line of an internal combustion engine.
  • an internal combustion engine for example an intake pipe or intake line of an internal combustion engine.
  • the flow-through device according to the invention and the sensor device can advantageously be used in particular for motor vehicle technology, but also for aircraft and other vehicles.
  • flow parameters of a medium in a flowed-through line are determined, vibration and / or vibration quantities of the line being measured on an outside of the line and the flow parameters within the line being determined from the vibration or vibration quantities of the line.
  • flow parameters such as speed or throughput
  • the procedure can be Carry out inexpensively, offers high reliability and requires little design effort.
  • the measurement results are not falsified, for example by sensors in the flow, and there are no holes or other bushings in a line to be able to carry out the measurement.
  • the measurement is advantageously carried out with a piezo film sensor, in particular with a PVDF piezo film sensor.
  • the vibration and / or vibration quantities on the line are recorded in particular with the piezo film sensor.
  • the method for determining flow parameters can thus be carried out on existing devices without having to modify them to a large extent.
  • the piezo film sensor can be easily attached to the outside of the device or line and delivers reliable measurement results.
  • the measured values are preferably subjected to filtering and, in particular, to the formation of RMS values.
  • This special embodiment of the method enables the flow parameters within the line to be determined from the measured variables in a very precise manner.
  • the measurement is preferably carried out at time intervals, for example at a frequency of at least 1 kHz, in particular 10 and more kHz. With these sampling rates or measuring distances, an evaluation can be carried out at high speed, which nevertheless delivers reliable results.
  • the mass flow rate, speed or flow rate are advantageously determined individually or in combination as flow parameters.
  • the medium is liquid or gaseous, or it can also be a fine-grained, solid material, for example a bulk material, in particular sand.
  • the medium is a liquid or gaseous fuel which is fed to an internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 1a shows a flowable device or line according to a preferred
  • Embodiment of the invention shown schematically as a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 1b shows a schematic cross section through the device from FIG. 1a;
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view, in which the sensor device is schematically shown enlarged as a detail of the device
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a flow measurement on a PU hose
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a flow-through device 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the device 10 comprises a line or pipeline, which is formed by a wall 11.
  • the wall 11, which is designed here as a cylindrical tube, has an inlet opening 11a and an outlet opening 11b for the entry or exit of a preferably liquid or gaseous one Medium.
  • the wall 11 encloses an interior 12 through which the medium flows from the inlet opening 1 1a to the outlet opening 11b during operation.
  • a sensor device 13 in the form of a piezo film sensor is coupled to the wall 11 of the device 10.
  • the sensor device 13 is designed to detect vibrations and / or vibrations and is arranged on an outer side 14 of the wall 12.
  • the sensor device 13 or the piezo film sensor During operation, the sensor device 13 or the piezo film sensor generates signals that represent vibration or vibration quantities.
  • An evaluation unit which is not shown in the figure, is used to evaluate the signals generated by the sensor device 13, the evaluation unit determining the flow parameters from the vibration or vibration quantities.
  • the piezo film sensor is a PVDF piezo film sensor, i.e. it is made of polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the piezo film sensor supplies voltage signals which are generated by the vibrations or oscillations of the wall 11 due to the interaction of the flowing medium with this wall.
  • the oscillations or vibrations are caused by the flow that is in the interior 12 of the device 10. That is, when a medium flows through the device 10, the oscillation or vibration due to the flow in the interior 12 is measured via the piezo film sensor attached to the outside of the wall 11.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through the device 10 with the piezo film sensor or the sensor device 13.
  • the film sensor or piezo film sensor is arranged flat on a partial area of the wall 11 on the outside 14 thereof.
  • a housing 15 forms a shield for the sensor device 13 from the outside.
  • the housing 15 is designed as a cover and surrounds the sensor device 13, together with a portion of the wall 11.
  • the sensor device 13 is thus protected against external influences, for example mechanical or chemical influences.
  • a tube concentric with the wall 11, which shields the sensor device 13 from the outside, can also be provided as a shield or housing.
  • the film sensor or the piezo film sensor is glued to the wall 11 from the outside.
  • the wall 1 1 has a circular cross-section here, but it can also be different Have shapes depending on the specific needs.
  • a segment of the wall 1 1 which is circular in cross section is occupied by the sensor or piezo film sensor, ie in direct contact with it.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of the sensor structure of the device 10 according to the invention from FIGS. 1a and 1b.
  • the sensor device 13 comprises the film sensor as a vibration or vibration sensor 9, which is firmly connected to the wall 11 or pipe wall by an adhesive layer 16.
  • the vibration or vibration sensor 9 has sensitive areas 13a, which have a piezoelectric property and generate electrical signals when a pressure occurs.
  • the sensitive areas 13a are distributed over the outside 14 of the wall 11 in order to measure area-like pressures, vibrations or oscillations of the wall 11.
  • An amplifier board 17 with amplifier elements 18 is arranged on the back of the PVDF film and serves to amplify the signals generated by the sensor film with the individual sensitive areas 13a.
  • the housing 15 surrounds the sensor device 13 in a cover-like manner with the film sensor or vibration or vibration sensor 9 and the amplifier board 17.
  • the electrical signals generated by the sensor device 13 are sent via signal lines or by radio transmission to an evaluation unit, which determines the flow parameters from the measured variables or vibrations or oscillations.
  • FIG. 3 shows the results of a flow measurement carried out on a PU tube, with a piezo film sensor on the tube surface.
  • the PU hose on which the measurement was carried out has an outer diameter of 10.5 mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm.
  • the measurement was carried out with a sampling frequency of 10 kHz. Structure-borne noise signals were recorded or measured and transferred to the evaluation unit as electrical signals.
  • the measurements were carried out at different flow velocities or at different flow pressures or flow advances.
  • the measurement signals supplied by the sensor device 13 were filtered and an RMS value formation was then carried out.
  • the RMS value or Roote Meän Square value results from the formula:
  • Signal (t n ) is the signal measured at time t n and signal is the mean value of the measurement signals.
  • N is, for example, 500 or 1000, ie 500 or 1000 measurement signals are determined and used to form an RMS value.
  • RMS can advantageously also be used for the evaluation, according to the formula:
  • This type of RMS value formation has the advantage that the absolute level of a previously formed high-pass signal is irrelevant and that a more stable calibration results.
  • the RMS value is also insensitive to temperature fluctuations, since it remains unaffected, for example, if the modulus of elasticity of the piezo film changes linearly with the temperature.
  • FIG. 3 shows the dependency of the RMS signals determined in this way in mV on the flow admission pressure in bar.
  • the evaluation interval for a measured value in FIG. 3 is 100 ms, whereby 1000 measuring points are included in the evaluation.
  • the linear relationship between the RMS signals and the flow pressure can be used to assign a flow rate using the well-known Hagen-Poiseuille equation.
  • FIG. 4 shows an analysis of series of measurements that were carried out with piezo film sensors on an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c show the analysis of the measurement signals when the engine is idling at 700 rpm.
  • FIGS. 4d, 4e and 4f show the measurement signals in the stationary state at 3000 rpm.
  • the corrected pressure signal series or pressure signals are shown in FIGS. 4a and 4d. These signals are generated by the sensor device described above on the flow-through device.
  • the signals are now fed to a low-pass filter in order to obtain the low-frequency component of the vibrations (FIG. 4b or FIG. 4e).
  • the low-frequency vibrations show the engine frequency or crankshaft frequency of the 4-stroke engine on which the measurement was carried out.
  • the RMS value is now formed from these values.
  • the mean values are subtracted from the signals, the result is squared and then summed over the selected time window.
  • the optional standardization enables the formation of standardized RMS values.
  • the formation of the RMS values according to Formula 2 can be advantageous.
  • the high-frequency signal components according to FIGS. 4c and 4f are due to the friction of the flowing medium on the inside of the tube wall.
  • the relationship is determined in test series for different substances, pipe geometries and materials. The values can be saved and later used to determine the flow parameters from measured values.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the analysis of series of measurements obtained in intake manifold measurements with piezo film sensors. When analyzing the series of measurements, the low-frequency and high-frequency components were separated.
  • FIG. 5 shows the frequency analysis of the filtered pressure signal series, with measurements being made directly on the intake pipe.
  • FIG. 5 shows the direct or linear relationship between the speed of the motor and the frequency.
  • FIG. 6 shows dynamically reduced piezo signals from two sensors as a function of the engine speed, the vehicle being at a standstill.
  • the sensor distance during the measurement was 2 cm, and measurements were also taken on the intake pipe.
  • the relationship between the speed and the RMS values can be seen in FIG. 6.
  • the curve resulting in this way is characteristic of the respective flow in the intake pipe. With a different load on the engine or with a different flow, a different characteristic curve results.
  • the relationship between the flow and the RMS values is determined via a calibration measurement, which is carried out on a test bench with appropriate sensors, for example.
  • the calibration measurement then results, for example, in calibration curves which are stored in a memory of the evaluation device and which, after measurement, filtering and RMS value formation, are used to determine the flow parameters such as, for example, flow velocity or flow or mass flow.
  • the PVDF film used as sensor device 13 or as a vibration or vibration sensor has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, for example, and can be located on a copper-clad printed circuit board.
  • a piezo film sensor system is used for the simultaneous detection of vibration and vibration quantities on pipe or line structures.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) traversé par un milieu et comportant une paroi (11), qui entoure un espace (12) intérieur à travers lequel un milieu peut passer, ainsi qu'un dispositif capteur (13) pour saisir des vibrations et des oscillations, placé sur une face extérieure (14) de la paroi (11). Lorsqu'il est en marche, le dispositif capteur (13) émet des signaux représentant des grandeurs de vibration ou d'oscillation. Une unité d'évaluation analyse ces signaux et détermine les paramètres du courant à partir des grandeurs de vibration ou d'oscillation. Par exemple, le dispositif capteur (13) comprend un capteur à film piézoélectrique PVDF, collé sur la paroi extérieure d'un conduit. Les paramètres du courant d'un milieu devant traverser une ligne sont calculés à partir des grandeurs obtenues par la mesure des grandeurs de vibration et/ou d'oscillation sur la paroi extérieure de la ligne ou du conduit. La vitesse du courant et/ou le débit massique, par exemple, sont déterminés par le filtrage et l'établissement de valeurs quadratiques moyennes.
PCT/EP2001/002776 2000-03-16 2001-03-13 Dispositif capteur pour la mesure d'un courant, dispositif pour le passage d'un milieu a travers un espace et procede pour la determination des parametres d'un courant WO2001069182A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10012926.9 2000-03-16
DE2000112926 DE10012926C2 (de) 2000-03-16 2000-03-16 Sensoreinrichtung zur Strömungsmessung, Vorrichtung zur Durchströmung mit einem Medium und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Strömungsparametern

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001069182A2 true WO2001069182A2 (fr) 2001-09-20
WO2001069182A3 WO2001069182A3 (fr) 2002-05-10

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WO (1) WO2001069182A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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DE102016002017A1 (de) * 2016-02-20 2017-08-24 L'orange Gmbh Sensieradapter zur Verwendung mit einem Brenngasinjektor, weiterhin für die Bildung einer Einspritzratenermittlungsanordnung
WO2018111117A1 (fr) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-21 7Sense Products As Système de détection d'un écoulement de fluide dans un dispositif de communication fluidique, et système d'arrosage comprenant un système de détection d'un écoulement de fluide

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DE102004010903B3 (de) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-08 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Gasmasse in einem Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102004026711B4 (de) 2004-05-28 2009-10-08 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Flugzustands-Sensor für elektronische Komponenten zum Einsatz in Flugzeugen, Verfahren zur Steuerung elektronischer Komponenten an Bord von Flugzeugen und elektronische Komponente
DE102004031239A1 (de) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-19 Daimlerchrysler Ag Sensorsystem für ein Fahrzeug
DE102006027422B4 (de) 2006-06-13 2014-02-06 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen eines Abgasturboladers
DE102008002166A1 (de) 2008-06-03 2009-12-10 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Messsystem zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung des Durchflusses eines Messmediums durch ein Messrohr
DE102016108986A1 (de) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-16 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Detektion von Rohrleitungsschwingungen und Messgerät
GB201714069D0 (en) 2017-09-01 2017-10-18 Exnics Ltd Apparatus and method
GB2572536A (en) * 2018-03-08 2019-10-09 Linde Ag Gas cylinder flow monitoring
CN109764957B (zh) * 2019-01-29 2020-12-15 浙江大远智慧制药工程技术有限公司 一种设备出液过程监测装置及方法

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DE102016002017A1 (de) * 2016-02-20 2017-08-24 L'orange Gmbh Sensieradapter zur Verwendung mit einem Brenngasinjektor, weiterhin für die Bildung einer Einspritzratenermittlungsanordnung
WO2018111117A1 (fr) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-21 7Sense Products As Système de détection d'un écoulement de fluide dans un dispositif de communication fluidique, et système d'arrosage comprenant un système de détection d'un écoulement de fluide

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Publication number Publication date
DE10012926C2 (de) 2002-01-31
WO2001069182A3 (fr) 2002-05-10
DE10012926A1 (de) 2001-10-04

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