WO2001054282A1 - Frequenzteiler - Google Patents
Frequenzteiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001054282A1 WO2001054282A1 PCT/DE2001/000191 DE0100191W WO0154282A1 WO 2001054282 A1 WO2001054282 A1 WO 2001054282A1 DE 0100191 W DE0100191 W DE 0100191W WO 0154282 A1 WO0154282 A1 WO 0154282A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frequency divider
- register
- frequency
- bit
- modn
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K23/00—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains
- H03K23/64—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains with a base or radix other than a power of two
- H03K23/66—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains with a base or radix other than a power of two with a variable counting base, e.g. by presetting or by adding or suppressing pulses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a digital frequency divider circuit.
- Frequency divider circuits belong to the basic circuits of digital technology. Frequency dividers are digital circuits in which the input frequencies are integral multiples of the output frequencies. Such circuits are used for example in high frequency technology. There is a constant demand for the development of circuits with ever higher clock rates or frequencies. To implement frequency divider circuits, a number of gates are usually connected in series in a combinatorial part of the circuit, so that many gates are switched within one clock cycle each time the input signal changes state.
- Such a frequency divider is described for example in DE 40 08 385 C2.
- each prescaler can be switched between the operating modes in “divide by 2” and “divide by 3”.
- Each prescaler is connected to a device by means of which the state of the respective prescaler can be set such that within a division cycle of the frequency divider the individual prescaler divide by 2 or 3 in a first period within the division cycle and in the subsequent period within this division cycle 2 parts.
- the invention is based on the principle of not generating and outputting the output signal of a frequency divider bit-wise, but of breaking down the output signal into blocks of m bits each. A time which is m times the cycle time of the input signal is consequently available for forming each such m-bit word. As a result, higher clock rates can be processed.
- the m-bit words are put together at an output of the circuit and output serially.
- the frequency divider according to the invention has a state register which has a large number of counter states.
- An m-bit word is linked to the states of the status register, which is read into a parallel-serial converter and output serially.
- the status register is consequently operated with a clock which is m times as slow as the input clock.
- m times the time is available, based on a conventional frequency divider circuit, with each emgan clock period in the combinatorial part of the circuit a large number of gates must be run through.
- the assignment of the state-dependent variables and other n-bit words is done in a decoder.
- the n-bit status register is reloaded with a subsequent status by the charging device each time a slow clock period has elapsed.
- the loading device needs the n-bit words generated in the decoder, the loading of the status register of course depending on the set plate ratio. Because loading the status register with a new n-bit word is equivalent to jumping into a new state, after which new, dependent one and more bit variables are generated again.
- the counter states of the n-bit status register can be encoded using a selectable code.
- the state-dependent, further n-bit words, which define the respective following state must also be defined in accordance with the code used in the status register.
- the present circuit advantageously has an adjustable duty cycle.
- the present frequency divider circuit manages with a limited number of register states, since the sequence of the register states loaded one after the other depends on the set divider ratio, but the divider uses the same amount of register states in principle, regardless of the set duty cycle, only in different order.
- the circuit design is considerably simplified with regard to drivers and line lengths.
- the present frequency divider continues to operate correctly even if the divider ratio is switched to another value at any time while the frequency divider is working.
- the parallel-to-serial converter is implemented as a multiplexer.
- Multiplexer circuits are known to be extremely reliable.
- the use of 4-bit blocks, for example, is advantageous for achieving significantly higher clock frequencies that the decoder circuit is at a quarter of the input clock frequency can be driven. Four times the time is therefore available for the formation of the 4-bit blocks.
- the duty cycle of the output signal of the frequency divider can be set in a simple manner in that the coding of the m-bit words of the register is determined in accordance with the desired duty cycle.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a frequency divider according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the block charging device from FIG. 1 in a schematic illustration
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the block multiplexer from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of the block register from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of the block NREG from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of the block DIV from FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention based on a block diagram which is shown in FIG a plurality of blocks which are connected to one another can be divided, a status register REG which has a multiplicity of register states D, C, B, A, a decoder DEC, a multiplexer MUX, a charging device LU and also an auxiliary divider DIV.
- the circuit arrangement of a frequency divider according to the invention according to FIG. 1 has a signal input C and a signal output OUT.
- a bus input for setting a division ratio TV, and a clock signal LC, with which a new division ratio TV can be written into the loading unit LU, can be fed to the loading unit LU.
- Both the status register REG and the blocks RO that can be fed to the multiplexer MUX are each 4 bits wide in the exemplary embodiment.
- the auxiliary divider DIV provides a clock signal C4 which has a frequency 4 times lower than the input clock signal C. With this slow frequency C4, both the register REG and, depending on it, the
- Decoder DEC and the loading unit LU operated. Apart from the part of the multiplexer MUX on the output side and the input of the auxiliary divider DIV, the entire circuit arrangement according to the invention is clocked with the slower clock signal C4.
- the decoder DEC depending on the register status bits A, B, C, D, through logical combinations of the same, on the one hand 4-bit blocks RO and on the other several, state-dependent variables LOAD, MODN, MODNMl, M0DNM2 and MODNM3 are formed.
- the 4-bit words RO are put one after the other in the MUX multiplexer and output bit by bit at the output OUT.
- the charging device LU supplies the status register REG with a subsequent status via the bus TOREG.
- This subsequent state depends on the set division ratio TV, but also on the state-dependent variables LOAD, MODN, MODNMl, MODNM2 and M0DNM3 provided in the decoder.
- the register REG Via the bus NM4, the register REG has the option of giving its subsequent state itself to the charging device LU, which sen can in turn write to the status register REG via the TOREG bus under certain conditions.
- the multiplexer MUX from FIG. 1 is explained using a schematic example in FIG. 3.
- the main input of the multiplexer is the bus RO, which is 4 bits wide.
- the multiplexer MUX has the task of sequentially and bit by bit outputting these 4 bits of the bus output RO at the output OUT.
- the input clock signal C of the frequency divider according to the invention is applied to the output module of the multiplexer.
- the circuit of the multiplexer still requires the slow clock C4 and the intermediate clock C2.
- C2 has half the frequency of C and C4 has half the frequency of C2.
- the present 4-bit frequency divider is intended to enable any plate ratios from two to sixteen, but the blocks at the output of the decoder Dec are 4 bits wide, an auxiliary circuit is provided for the special cases “through two” and “through three”, and an additional circuit internal bus INT in the multiplexer.
- the division ratio TV is 2
- the riable DIVBY2 in the event that the division ratio TV is 3, the variable DIVBY3 is set to the value 1.
- the output signal OUT must continuously output the bit sequence 010101 ... at the multiplexer.
- INT (l) and INT (3) are set to the value 1 via OR blocks.
- an additional circuit is provided to generate this bit sequence, which is also connected to the internal bus INT of the multiplexer MUX is connected.
- these additional circuits and the internal bus of the multiplexer can be omitted.
- FIG. 4 describes the register REG, with the bit input bus TOREG and the output bus A, B, C, D. It can easily be seen that the status register REG is clocked with the clock signal C4, that is to say the slow clock.
- Divider ratio TV which is 4 bits wide, is forwarded to an output of the register NREG.
- the circuit is clocked with the charge clock signal LC.
- Figure 6 finally shows a simple by 2- and by 4-frequency divider circuit, at the input of the input clock signal C, and at the outputs of the clock signal C2, which the has half frequency of C, and the clock signal C4, which has half the clock frequency of C2, are present.
- This realization of the block DIV from FIG. 1 provides the slower clock signals necessary for the further switching.
- the output RO 0100 - ben.
- the subsequent state is 1100.
- the register states can also be coded in any other code.
- the words NM1, NM2, NM3 and NM4 also form according to this other code.
- NM1, NM2 and NM3 depend on the 4 register status bits according to the following logic rules.
- the time point " • " stands for logical And, the plus “+” for logical Or, the "x” for the exclusive-or combination Xor and "/" for inversion; (3) denotes the left bit, (0) the right one: NM1 (3) ABC x D
- NM1 (1) A x B
- NM3 (3) (A + B) -C x D
- NM3 (1) A x B
Landscapes
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
- Manipulation Of Pulses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002397876A CA2397876C (en) | 2000-01-20 | 2001-01-17 | Frequency divider |
EP01911361A EP1249072A1 (de) | 2000-01-20 | 2001-01-17 | Frequenzteiler |
US10/200,635 US6639435B2 (en) | 2000-01-20 | 2002-07-22 | Adjustable frequency divider |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10002361.4 | 2000-01-20 | ||
DE10002361A DE10002361C1 (de) | 2000-01-20 | 2000-01-20 | Frequenzteiler |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/200,635 Continuation US6639435B2 (en) | 2000-01-20 | 2002-07-22 | Adjustable frequency divider |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001054282A1 true WO2001054282A1 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
Family
ID=7628170
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/000191 WO2001054282A1 (de) | 2000-01-20 | 2001-01-17 | Frequenzteiler |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6639435B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1249072A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2397876C (de) |
DE (1) | DE10002361C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001054282A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10041331B4 (de) * | 2000-08-23 | 2004-10-28 | Siemens Ag | Erzeugungsverfahren für einen Ausgabetakt und hiermit korrespondierende Takterzeugungsschaltung |
US7124154B2 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2006-10-17 | Intel Corporation | Clock divider |
KR20060131743A (ko) * | 2003-10-13 | 2006-12-20 | 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | 주파수 분할기 및 전자 장치 |
US7982639B1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-07-19 | Altera Corporation | Deserializer circuitry including circuitry for translating data signals between different formats or protocols |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4415861A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1983-11-15 | Tektronix, Inc. | Programmable pulse generator |
US5404564A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1995-04-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | High speed data train generating system with no restriction on length of generated data train |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3824378A (en) * | 1972-09-13 | 1974-07-16 | Presin Co Inc | Electronic counter |
DE3836822A1 (de) * | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-03 | Olympia Aeg | Frequenzmodulator mit pll zur uebertragung von wahlweise nrz-datensignalen oder sprachsignalen |
US4975931A (en) | 1988-12-19 | 1990-12-04 | Hughes Aircraft Company | High speed programmable divider |
JP2572283B2 (ja) | 1989-10-23 | 1997-01-16 | 日本無線株式会社 | 可変分周回路 |
US6114915A (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-09-05 | Altera Corporation | Programmable wide-range frequency synthesizer |
US6329850B1 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-12-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Precision frequency and phase synthesis |
-
2000
- 2000-01-20 DE DE10002361A patent/DE10002361C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-01-17 CA CA002397876A patent/CA2397876C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-17 WO PCT/DE2001/000191 patent/WO2001054282A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-17 EP EP01911361A patent/EP1249072A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-07-22 US US10/200,635 patent/US6639435B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4415861A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1983-11-15 | Tektronix, Inc. | Programmable pulse generator |
US5404564A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1995-04-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | High speed data train generating system with no restriction on length of generated data train |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10002361C1 (de) | 2001-01-25 |
EP1249072A1 (de) | 2002-10-16 |
CA2397876A1 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
US6639435B2 (en) | 2003-10-28 |
CA2397876C (en) | 2006-03-21 |
US20030007591A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
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