Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01C9/00—Oscillating-piston machines or engines
  • F01C9/007—Oscillating-piston machines or engines the points of the moving element describing approximately an alternating movement in axial direction with respect to the other element

Definitions

• the invention relates to a rotary piston machine with a housing and a piston which is rotatably arranged in a cavity of the housing and is rotatably connected to a shaft passing through the housing, wherein in the housing at least one inlet and outlet channel for supplying and discharging a working fluid or are formed from the cavity.
• the invention has for its object to provide a rotary piston machine of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction and in which the inlet and outlet openings for the working fluid can be controlled in a simple manner.
• the cavity has a section in the form of a cylindrical annular space coaxial with the shaft, that the piston is designed as an annular piston in the form of a cylindrical tubular section which engages in the annular space of the housing and is guided axially displaceably therein, and that the mutually facing end surfaces of the annular space and the annular piston are designed as continuous shaft surfaces with an axially parallel amplitude, the inlet and outlet openings lying within an axial region of the annular surface area, which is determined by the maximum axial distance between the troughs of the mutually facing end surfaces.
• the rotary lobe machine according to the invention can be operated as a pump or, if the shaft surfaces of the annular space and the ring piston are formed with at least two shaft crests and wave troughs on 360 ° of the circumference, as a motor.
• the machine will be designed so that the housing is fixed and the piston rotates with the shaft.
• the opposite arrangement is also possible, in which the housing rotates with respect to the non-rotating piston.
• the piston can be axially displaceably mounted on the shaft or rigidly connected to the shaft, which in turn is axially displaceably mounted in the housing.
• the working space of the rotary piston machine is formed by the variable cavities between the sliding end surfaces of the annular space and the annular piston.
• the respective cavity increases or decreases both due to the rotation and the axial stroke movement of the piston relative to the housing.
• the inlet opening and the outlet opening can be arranged in the radially outer or radially inner jacket or boundary surface of the annular space in such a way that they are cyclically released through the piston wall and closed again, for example in the case of a pump to draw in and expel a working fluid or in the case of an engine to draw in a fuel mixture, compress it and then expel the combustion gases.
• the inlet opening and the outlet opening are each arranged such that one of the openings lies in the circumferential direction and the other lies behind a wave crest of the end face of the annular space.
• an inlet opening and an outlet opening are provided on the circumference of 360 °.
• two inlet openings and two outlet openings per end face of the piston are preferably provided.
• One of the end faces can be at least approximately sinusoidal.
• the other is preferably chosen so that the most uniform axial movement of the piston is achieved during one revolution and no jerky or extreme accelerations of the piston occur in the axial direction.
• the piston is pretensioned in the axial direction, for example by a spring, in such a way that its end surface always abuts the end surface of the associated annular space.
• the force with which the surfaces are pressed against one another can also be regulated by the fluid pressure in the annular space.
• a groove is formed in a lateral surface of the piston or the annular space, into which a guide element connected to the other part (annular space, piston) engages, the course of the groove in the circumferential direction corresponding to that of the waveform of the end face of the annular space.
• At least one guide element intended for rolling contact on the other end face is rotatably mounted in one of the facing end faces of the annular space and piston.
• annular space / annular piston arrangements of the aforementioned type are arranged coaxially to one another such that the two pistons arranged on the same shaft move together between the end faces of the two annular spaces.
• the two pistons can be combined to form a one-piece double piston.
• the two end faces of the cavity or of the two annular spaces combined with one another are arranged such that the maxima and minima of their wave surfaces each lie on the same generatrix of the cylindrical outer surface of the cavity. This makes it possible to ensure that the two end faces of the rotating annular piston always slide on both end faces of the cavity simultaneously when the piston rotates.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic, perspective, partially broken
• FIG. 2 shows a section containing the axis through the housing of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1,
• Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective, partially broken
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic section through the double piston arrangement according to FIG. 3 containing the axis
• FIG. 4a shows the detail A from FIG. 4 on an enlarged scale for a modified embodiment
• Rotary lobe machine that is operated as a pump.
• the rotary piston machine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a cylindrical housing 10 and an annular piston 12 in the form of a tubular section, which is located in an annular cavity 14 of the cylindrical one Housing 10 is rotatably and axially displaceably guided.
• the piston is connected in a rotationally fixed but axially displaceable manner on the shaft 18, which passes through the housing 10, via a radial base, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 and is designated 16, or via radial spokes.
• Such a rotationally fixed connection which enables an axial displacement, can take place, for example, via a spline, as shown in FIG.
• the annular space 14 has an annular end surface 20, which can have a rectilinear or curved cross section and which runs in a wave-like manner in the circumferential direction with an axially parallel wave amplitude.
• the wavy line is approximately sinusoidal and has two wave crests or maxima 22 and two wave troughs or minima 24 in the example shown.
• the end face or end face 26 of the annular piston 12 facing the end face 20 of the annular space 14 is also formed in a wavy line, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
• This end surface also has two maxima or wave crests 28 and two wave troughs 30 (FIGS. 5 to 10).
• this wavy line is designed such that the half-width of a wave crest measured in the circumferential direction, i.e. the width of the wave crest in the axial center between a wave minimum and a wave maximum is less than the half-value width of a wave trough.
• the arrangement could also be reversed insofar as the end face 26 of the annular piston is selected to be sinusoidal and the end face 20 of the annular space 14 has narrower wave crests and wider wave troughs.
• one of the inlet and outlet channels 32 can also be seen in the housing 10, which ends at the inner boundary wall 15 of the annular space 14 and serves for supplying or discharging a working fluid to the annular space 14, as is shown in FIGS. 5 to 16 is explained in more detail.
• the piston 12 is tensioned against the end face 20 of the annular space 14 by a helical spring 34 arranged coaxially to the shaft 18.
• a plate spring can also be used, which can simultaneously serve to connect the piston to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
• the axial length is shortened with the disc spring.
• the arrangement of the end faces 20 of the annular spaces 14 is selected such that the maxima and minima of the two end faces 20 each lie on a common generatrix of the cylindrical annular spaces 14, as is also shown in FIGS. 5 to 16.
• the end faces 26 of the double piston 12 are shaped such that the maximum or the wave crest 28 of one end face with a minimum or the wave trough 30 of the opposite end face lies jointly on a generatrix of the cylindrical annular piston 12.
• 33 denotes a guide groove formed in the radially outer wall of the annular space 14, into which a pin 35 fastened to the piston 12 engages.
• the guide groove follows the waveform of the end face 20 in the circumferential direction and thus controls the translational movement of the piston 12 without the end faces 20 and 26 touching.
• this solution is only optional.
• Figure 4a shows yet another way to reduce the sliding friction between the end surfaces 20 and 26 and thus the wear of these surfaces.
• a roller 37 is rotatably mounted so that it can roll on the end surface 20 of the annular space 14.
• FIGS. 5 to 10 relate to a rotary piston machine operated as a motor of the type described in FIGS. 3 and 4, but the functional explanations for this also apply to the machine according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• an inlet opening 36 and an outlet opening 38 are provided on a circumference of 360 ° in such a way that, based on the direction of rotation of the piston 12 pointing in the direction of arrow A, the outlet opening 38 before a wave crest 22 and the inlet opening 36 after the wave crest 22 lies.
• the shape of the inlet opening 36 and the outlet opening 38 is usually not circular in practice, but depending on the intended use Rotary piston machine and also designed according to the type of medium flowing through in order to achieve optimal control of the medium flow.
• Figure 5 shows the piston 12 at top dead center.
• Four separate cavities are formed between the upper end surface 20 of the annular space 14 and the upper end surface 26 of the piston 12.
• the cavity lying between 90 ° and 180 ° contains a maximum compressed mixture at the time of ignition.
• the combustion gases were expelled from the cavity between 180 ° and 270 °.
• the outlet opening 38 was closed.
• the piston 12 rotates in the direction of arrow A, the inlet opening 36 is gradually opened, so that mixture is sucked into the cavity lying between 270 ° and 360 °.
• the combustion chamber measured in the direction of rotation between 270 ° and 90 ° has reached its maximum expansion.
• the outlet opening 38 is open.
• the piston 12 is at its bottom dead center with respect to the lower end face 20 and the exhaust of the combustion gases from the combustion chamber begins. Mixture was sucked into the second cavity between 90 ° and 270 °, which is now compressed as the piston continues to rotate.
• FIG. 6 shows the processes indicated above when the piston 12 rotates in the direction of arrow A relative to the fixed housing 10.
• the upper inlet opening 36 is now open so that mixture can be sucked in.
• the outlet opening 38 is closed.
• the combustion chamber increases with the expanding combustion gases.
• the outlet channel is fully open so that the fuel gases can be pushed out, while the inlet opening is closed, thus allowing compression in the specified range.
• Figure 8 shows the position inverse to Figure 5, i.e. the piston 12 is in its lower dead center position with respect to the upper end face 20 of the annular space 14 and in its upper dead center position with respect to the lower end face 20 of the annular space 14.
• the state shown in FIG. 5 then follows FIG. 10 again, in which the piston 12 has made one revolution relative to the housing and thus the four cycles, namely suction, compression, combustion and ejection of the engine.
• FIGS. 11 to 16 show the same phases for a rotary piston machine designed as a pump. Since there are only two cycles per working stroke, namely suction and ejection, two pairs of inlet opening 36 (suction line) and outlet opening 38 (pressure line) can be provided. For the rest, the operation of the two piston / annular space arrangements is again offset by 180 ° in the same way as has already been described for the engine according to FIGS. 5 to 10.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
• Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
• Rotary Pumps (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
• Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

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Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (5)

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• 1999
  • 1999-11-04 DE DE19953168A patent/DE19953168A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-11-03 WO PCT/EP2000/010831 patent/WO2001033047A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2000-11-03 AT AT00974505T patent/ATE317492T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-11-03 US US10/129,343 patent/US6729862B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-11-03 DE DE50012205T patent/DE50012205D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-11-03 JP JP2001535711A patent/JP2003514163A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-11-03 EP EP00974505A patent/EP1226338B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-11-03 AU AU12784/01A patent/AU1278401A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (5)

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