WO2001021074A1 - Emetteur/recepteur ultrasonore a compression d'impulsions - Google Patents
Emetteur/recepteur ultrasonore a compression d'impulsions Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001021074A1 WO2001021074A1 PCT/JP2000/006559 JP0006559W WO0121074A1 WO 2001021074 A1 WO2001021074 A1 WO 2001021074A1 JP 0006559 W JP0006559 W JP 0006559W WO 0121074 A1 WO0121074 A1 WO 0121074A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
- G01N29/4436—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with a reference signal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/06—Measuring blood flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/42—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient
- A61B8/4272—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue
- A61B8/4281—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue characterised by sound-transmitting media or devices for coupling the transducer to the tissue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2462—Probes with waveguides, e.g. SAW devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2468—Probes with delay lines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/348—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/26—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave
- G01S13/28—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8959—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using coded signals for correlation purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8959—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using coded signals for correlation purposes
- G01S15/8961—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques using coded signals for correlation purposes using pulse compression
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/017—Doppler techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/101—Number of transducers one transducer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8979—Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52046—Techniques for image enhancement involving transmitter or receiver
- G01S7/52047—Techniques for image enhancement involving transmitter or receiver for elimination of side lobes or of grating lobes; for increasing resolving power
Definitions
- the present invention relates to ultrasonic transmission / reception used for ultrasonic measurement and imaging, and particularly to ultrasonic transmission / reception by pulse compression.
- the separation area For example, in an ultrasonic microscope, a line having a diameter sufficiently larger than a wavelength is used as a delay medium to form a separation region. Since this line may have an infinite diameter, it is not flexible and cannot be considered a waveguide.
- the waveguide means a waveguide whose amplitude distribution in the cross section does not change with the propagation distance. In this case, it is practically difficult to transmit and receive long pulses of 100 seconds or more in the 20 MHz band. Also, since this line is not flexible, it cannot be applied to an ultrasonic endoscope or the like. No.
- Pulse compression is widely used in the field of radar and sonar to increase the transmission energy under the limitation of transmission peak power and increase the search distance or increase the resolution.
- this pulse compression technique has the advantage of being able to increase the resolution of a specific area because the spectrum of the transmitted signal can be manipulated in the time domain, it has not yet been commercialized in the field of medical ultrasound. Has not been reached.
- the biggest issue for practical use is the need for a separation area, and the next issue is the suppression of side lobes after pulse compression.
- the latter problem is that the signal from the small reflector is buried by the sidelobes of the signal from the large reflection.
- the pulse width of the transmission pulse signal is as long as several hundreds / second, so that the separation area becomes large.
- a soft plastic plate is usually used to provide this area.
- This method is actually very difficult to handle. Also, this method cannot be applied to an ultrasonic endoscope or the like.
- a separate probe is used.
- reception with mixed transmission and reception signals requires an amplifier with an extremely large dynamic range, which is not practical. Therefore, a method for separating a transmission signal and a reception signal by the same probe for transmission and reception is desired. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to solve the following problems in conventional ultrasonic transmission / reception.
- the present invention provides an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving apparatus that performs pulse compression on a received ultrasonic signal using a signal whose frequency changes with time as an ultrasonic signal to be transmitted.
- the transmission line includes a common transuser for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals and a common transmission line for transmitting the ultrasonic signals.
- the transmission line uses a flexible waveguide type transmission line, and It is characterized in that an ultrasonic signal transmitted using a line as a delay medium and an ultrasonic signal to be received are temporally separated. With this configuration, a transmission signal and a reception signal having a long duration can be temporally separated.
- a quartz rod having a narrow central portion may be used.
- the signal to be transmitted is a signal whose frequency changes in proportion to time when received. If the transmission line is long, the cap signal whose frequency changes is distorted, but by using a nonlinear cap signal whose frequency changes in proportion to time, it is possible to suppress the distortion in the received signal.
- side lobe suppression can be performed by correlating with the ideal compression waveform when the pulse is further compressed.
- the ultrasonic signals are encoded and transmitted, and the received signal is pulse-compressed and then decoded into the encoded code sequence. You can also. As described above, by transmitting a plurality of chirp signals in accordance with an encoded sequence, a two-stage compression process can be performed, and a received signal having a higher SZN ratio can be obtained.
- the intraluminal system can be configured by applying the above-described transmission / reception configuration.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing dispersion characteristics of an elastic wave propagating in a fused silica rod.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining separation of a transmission signal and a reception signal using a quartz rod.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the use of a nonlinear chirp signal.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining side lobe suppression.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a simulation of side lobe suppression.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating two-stage compression.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the intraluminal system.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the Doppler effect in the up-chirp signal.
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining pulse compression processing in an up-charging signal.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the result of the pulse compression process.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the Doppler effect in the down-chip signal.
- FIG. 12 is a view for explaining pulse compression processing in a down-chirp signal.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a result of the pulse compression process.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the measurement of the Doppler effect.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of measuring the Doppler frequency based on the time interval of the compression pulse.
- Fig. 16 shows an example of Doppler frequency measurement based on spectrum comparison.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating another configuration of the intraluminal system.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram of a waveform observation result by another configuration of the intraluminal system.
- the separation area for performing temporal separation is flexible. It is configured using a waveguide type transmission line.
- L (0, 1) mode and L (0, 2) mode or L (0, 3) mode of elastic wave propagating in a fused silica rod (Transactions of the Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers, Vol. J69-A, No.8, pp.1006-1014, 1986, Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, V OI.109-C, No.8, 1989, pp. .581-586).
- the L (0,1) mode and L (0,2) mode or L (0,3) mode are the longitudinal waves of the elastic wave propagating through the rod A wave that does not change. In order from the simplest mode, they are called L (0,1) mode and L (0,2) mode or L (0,3) mode, and can be distinguished because their propagation times are different.
- This section describes how to construct a flexible transmission line using the E region of the L (0,3) mode of a quartz rod.
- a quartz rod with a diameter of about 0.5 mm.
- a transmission line having a sufficiently large cross-sectional area compared to the wavelength (at 20 MHz, a transmission line in a living body) is required.
- the diameter of the end face to which the ultrasonic probe is bonded is 0.58 ran
- the diameter of the quartz bar 20 on the side is set to be sufficiently large compared to the wavelength, and the other portions are set to be sufficiently thin so as to obtain flexibility.
- Fig. 2 (b) shows the transmitted and received waveforms. Good operation was confirmed between 29MHz and 33MHz.
- the waveform is distorted when the propagation distance required to form the separation region is about 1 meter. Therefore, the correction is needed.
- the transmission chirp signal is changed to a non-linear chirp signal [a signal whose frequency does not change in proportion to time], and its characteristics are defined.
- the waveform after reception is configured to be a linear chirp signal [a signal whose frequency changes in proportion to time]. This is illustrated in FIG.
- the transmission signal generated by the signal generator 30 is a nonlinear chirp signal as described above, and this nonlinear chirp signal is transmitted from the transuser 10 to the fused silica rod 20 as a transmission signal.
- the nonlinear chirp signal propagates through the fused silica rod 20, is reflected by the sample 50, propagates again through the same fused silica rod 20, and is received by the transducer 10. This received signal is a linear chirp signal.
- Fig. 3 (b) (1) shows the waveform diagrams of the nonlinear chirp signal which is the transmission signal and the linear chirp signal which is the reception signal. And (2). The method of obtaining the nonlinear chirp signal which is a transmission signal will be described later in detail.
- the region of E in the L (0, 3) mode of an elastic wave (Poshammer's Cree wave) propagating through a fused silica rod is A digital user is attached, the other end is used as a coupler with the device under test, the nonlinear frequency modulation signal for correcting the dispersion of the elastic wave is used as a transmission signal, and the reception signal is used as a linear chip signal.
- the transmission nonlinear chirp signal is the inverse of c ( ⁇ ) ⁇ ( ⁇ ( ⁇ ) + k). It can be obtained by Fourier transform.
- k is determined on the basis of minimizing the square error between the ideal capture signal and the designed capture signal.
- FIG. 5 (a) shows the waveform of the output of the received chirp signal from the pulse compression filter 41.
- FIG. 5 (b) is a waveform diagram of the output of the correlation processing unit 42. From these waveform diagrams, it can be seen that side lobes are suppressed.
- This method can be applied to radar, sonar, etc.
- This method is implemented by transmitting a nonlinear chirp signal corresponding to the M-sequence (time series of random pulses), and setting it so that a signal that matches the M-sequence is obtained after pulse compression. It is applied to coding methods such as sequences. According to this method, it becomes possible to separate the transmission signal and the reception signal in the coding method and to multiplex the M sequence. Also, since the overall compression ratio by this method is the product of the compression ratio by the chirp signal and the compression ratio by the M-sequence, a large compression ratio can be obtained.
- FIG. Part A in FIG. 6 shows the generation of the signal to be transmitted. That is, a plurality of chirp signals delayed by a fixed time are generated, and a chirp signal delayed in time is transmitted in accordance with the M-sequence code, for example, 1, 1, 0,. If the M-sequence is ⁇ 1 '', a chirp signal is sent. If the M-sequence is ⁇ 0 '', a signal is sent so as not to send.Then, a plurality of chirp signals according to these M-sequences are combined by the combiner 32 before transmission Sent from device 3 3.
- the M-sequence code for example, 1, 1, 0,.
- the pulse compression of the capture signal is first performed by the pulse compression filter 47, and a pulse train corresponding to the M-sequence code is generated.
- a signal matching the same M sequence at the time of transmission is decoded by the decoder 48, and one short pulse is obtained. In this way, two-stage compression of compression using the chirp signal and compression using the M-sequence are performed, so that measurement with a high SZN ratio is possible.
- the two-stage compression described above can also be applied to radar, sonar and spread spectrum communications.
- an ultrasonic transgene user 10 is incorporated into a catheter for use. It is easy to introduce pulse compression into this system using the method of separating transmitted and received signals according to the present invention.
- the L (0, 3) mode elastic wave propagates through a quartz rod with a diameter of about 0.3 to 0.7, so that a silk thread is wound around a hollow metal wire.
- Quartz rods can be placed with appropriate protection. Since the quartz rod 20 having such a thickness is flexible, it can be used in a catheter.
- the diameter of the coupler section is set according to the measurement depth using a tapered quartz rod. Further acoustic matching
- a refracting surface of the acoustic beam and a lens are arranged.
- This lens can be placed very close to the sample to be measured.
- the ultrasonic wave excited by the ultrasonic transuser 10 is applied to the target area via the fused silica rod 20 and the coupler, and the reflected signal is transmitted through the quartz rod 20 to the opposite side. It is converted into an electric signal again by the user 10. If the transmission signal is set so that the received signal becomes a linear chirp signal, the received signal is converted to compressed pulses by standard digital signal processing by the signal processing unit 44 after standard pulse compression filter or AZD conversion. You. This can be observed on the display device 45. In this system, it is possible to use a non-linear capture signal as a transmission signal, and to perform a side lobe suppression process using an ideal output waveform of the above-described pulse compression filter as processing of a reception signal.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 illustrate that the waveform after recompression is shifted in time depending on the presence or absence of the Doppler effect in the case of the capture signal.
- This waveform is input to a pulse compression filter having the characteristics shown in FIG. 9 (a).
- the delay time is large in the low frequency region, and the delay time decreases linearly as the frequency increases.
- FIG. 9 (b) shows a case where the cap signal subjected to this frequency shift is input to the pulse compression filter having the same characteristics as shown in FIG. 9 (a).
- the delay time corresponding to the frequencies f and + f d becomes as small as t 2 -d .
- d T ⁇ f d / A f. Therefore, the delay of the compressed waveform is also small, and after passing through the filter, the chirp signal has a waveform as shown in FIG. 10 (b), and the delay from the reference time is short. It becomes d .
- Fig. 11 to Fig. 13 explain how the waveform after recompression shifts depending on the presence or absence of the Dobbler effect in the case of a down-chirp signal.
- Fig. 11 (a) shows that the frequency is
- the compressed signal of the up- and down-capture signals deviates in the opposite direction due to the Doppler effect, and by detecting this, the Doppler signal can be detected. .
- the Fourier transform of the compressed waveform of the up-chirp signal shown in FIG. 10 (a) be F u ( ⁇ ).
- the waveform remains unchanged and is shifted by d in time, so the Fourier transform of this waveform becomes "( ⁇ ) e jw .
- the down-chirp signal If the Fourier transform of the waveform in Fig. 13 (a) is F D ( ⁇ ), the Fourier transform of the signal waveform having the Doppler effect shown in Fig. 13 (b) is F D ( ⁇ ) e ⁇ ".
- FIG.14 A device that detects Doppler frequency using this principle is shown in Fig.14.
- an up-chirp signal 1 and a down-chirp signal 2 are combined by a combiner 61 and transmitted.
- the signal 1 is compressed by the capture pulse compression system 64, and the signal at the target position is taken out by the gate circuit 166.
- the down-cap signal 2 is also re-compressed by the pulse compression system 65 for down-cap, and the signal at the target position is taken out by the gate circuit 2 67.
- the pulses output from the gate circuit 166 and the gate circuit 267 are respectively supplied with the standard chirp signal (the up-chirp signal 1 or the up-chirp signal) from the standard chirp signal generator 70.
- the signal 2) is convolution-integrated by the convolution integrator 168 and the convolution integrator 269.
- a chirp signal having a time difference is obtained.
- This is input to the mixer 71 and multiplied, and then a spectrum analysis is performed.
- the beat of the chirp signal having two time differences can be obtained. From this, the Doppler frequency at the target position can be obtained.
- the characteristics of the gate circuit 166 and that of the gate circuit 267 the same, the influence of the re-window function can be minimized. This spectrum analysis will be described later in detail.
- the quartz rod shown in FIG. 2 can be used for transmitting the signal for measuring the Dobler effect, but is not limited to this.
- the above-described nonlinear chirp signal or the like is used,
- the sidelobe suppression process using the ideal output waveform of the above-described pulse compression can be performed for the suppression of the lobe.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of Doppler frequency measurement by comparing the time intervals of the output pulses of the gate circuits 1 and 2 in FIG.
- the center frequency of the transmission chirp signal is shifted in advance, and the increase and decrease of the Doppler effect and the increase and decrease of the pulse interval are made to correspond to the interval when there is no Doppler effect. That is, if the Doppler shift is positive compared to the interval without the Doppler effect shown in Fig. 15 (b), the pulse interval becomes wider as shown in Fig. 15 (a). If the Doppler shift is negative, the pulse interval becomes narrow, as shown in Fig. 15 (b). By detecting this, the Doppler effect at the target position can be measured.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of Doppler frequency measurement by spectrum analysis.
- the center frequency of the transmission chirp signal is shifted in advance, and the change in the Doppler effect and the transition of the spectrum are made to correspond to the spectrum when there is no Doppler effect. That is, when the Doppler shift is zero, the center of the spectrum is 1 O KHz, as shown in Fig. 16 (b). If the Doppler shift is positive, the center of the spectrum shifts to the lower frequency side, as shown in Fig. 16 (a), and if the Doppler shift is negative, as shown in Fig. 16 (c). Then, the center of the spectrum shifts to the high frequency side. By detecting this, a frequency shift (Doppler frequency) due to the Doppler effect can be detected.
- Doppler frequency due to the Doppler effect
- an ultrasonic transgene user 10 is incorporated in a catheter.
- this system is configured using the L (0, 1) mode. This is shown in FIG. That is, in the 20 MHz band, the L (0, 1) mode transmits through a quartz rod with a diameter of about 125 jL / m.
- a molten stone with a diameter of 125 m and a length of about 60 cm was used as a matching layer 22 (matching transmission line) on the tip of a rod 20 of a dielectric line with a diameter of 150 / m and a length of 37 m. (Stycast 2651) was used.
- the matching layer serves as a coupler between the transmission line and water.
- the transmission line with the matching layer was placed in a metal tube and waterproofed. Part of a spheroid pair was used as the converging lens 24, and care was taken so that the tip of the transmission line was located at the focal point.
- an ultrasonic wave was transmitted to and received from the fused silica rod via an ultrasonic parabolic mirror 11 excited by an ultrasonic transducer 10.
- This lens can be placed very close to the sample to be measured.
- the ultrasonic waves re-excited by the ultrasonic transducer 10 are applied to the target area 55 through the fused silica rod 20 and a force blur, and the reflected signal propagates through the quartz rod 20 in reverse. Then, the translator user 10 converts it into an electric signal again.
- Fig. 18 shows an example of the observed waveform.
- Fig. 18 (a) is an example of observation of reflection from an aluminum plate in water. Waveform B of the reflection from the underwater aluminum plate can be clearly observed after reflection A from the transmission end face.
- FIG. 18 (b) is an example of observing reflection from an acrylic plate in water
- FIG. 18 (c) is an example of observing a 125 ⁇ optical fiber in water. In both cases, the reflection waveforms C and D from the target can be observed after the reflection waveform ⁇ from the transmission end face.
- a flexible waveguide-type transmission line is used as a transmission line, and the transmission line is used as a delay medium.
- the signal and the received signal can be temporally separated.
- this transmission line it is preferable to use a quartz rod having tapered ends.
- the chirp signal will be distorted, but by using a non-linear chirp signal, it is possible to suppress distortion in the received signal.
- the use of the up- and down-chirp signals allows the Doppler effect to be accurately measured.
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001524508A JP4091302B2 (ja) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | パルス圧縮による超音波送受信装置 |
EP00962811A EP1214910B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | Ultrasonic transmitter/receiver by pulse compression |
AU74438/00A AU7443800A (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | Ultrasonic transmitter/receiver by pulse compression |
CA002383515A CA2383515C (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | Ultrasonic transmitter/receiver by pulse compression |
US10/088,638 US6730029B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | Ultrasonic transmitter/receiver by pulse compression |
DE60020724T DE60020724T2 (de) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | Ultraschallsender und -empfänger mit pulskompression |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11/271454 | 1999-09-24 | ||
JP27145499 | 1999-09-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001021074A1 true WO2001021074A1 (fr) | 2001-03-29 |
Family
ID=17500266
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/006559 WO2001021074A1 (fr) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-09-25 | Emetteur/recepteur ultrasonore a compression d'impulsions |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6730029B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1214910B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4091302B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100626944B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1210003C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU7443800A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2383515C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60020724T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001021074A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1500371A1 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2005-01-26 | Hitachi Medical Corporation | Ultrasonograph |
JP2010197241A (ja) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-09 | Nec Corp | 目標捜索信号生成方法および目標捜索装置 |
JP2010246640A (ja) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-11-04 | Aloka Co Ltd | 超音波診断装置 |
JP2012220449A (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-12 | Furuno Electric Co Ltd | レンジサイドローブ除去装置、信号処理装置、同信号処理装置を備えたレーダ装置、レンジサイドローブ除去方法及びプログラム |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1739455A1 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2007-01-03 | I.N.S.E.R.M. Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale | Chirp reversal ultrasound contrast imaging |
JP5411417B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-11 | 2014-02-12 | 古野電気株式会社 | パルス信号の送受信装置および送受信方法 |
DE102008027489B4 (de) * | 2008-06-10 | 2010-08-19 | Krohne Ag | Akustisches Durchflußmeßgerät |
DE102010039606A1 (de) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Ultraschall-Durchflussmessgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Ultraschall-Durchflussmessgeräts |
GB201103642D0 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-04-13 | Univ Bradford | Methods and systems for detection of liquid surface fluctuations |
JP6049371B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-09 | 2016-12-21 | 東芝メディカルシステムズ株式会社 | 超音波診断システム |
US10245007B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-04-02 | Infraredx, Inc. | High resolution intravascular ultrasound imaging systems and methods |
US9260963B2 (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2016-02-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Acoustic determination of the position of a piston within a sample bottle |
GB201520388D0 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-06 | Rolls Royce Plc | Ultrasonic testing tool |
CN105973997A (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-28 | 长沙金码高科技实业有限公司 | 一种超声波收发器 |
JP7081143B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-27 | 2022-06-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 超音波装置、及び超音波測定方法 |
WO2020129197A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | 日本電気株式会社 | 情報処理装置、装着型機器、情報処理方法及び記憶媒体 |
CN111537764B (zh) * | 2020-05-14 | 2023-05-12 | 南京昊控软件技术有限公司 | 相关性声学水体流速测量装置 |
Citations (7)
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JPS58123482A (ja) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-07-22 | Nec Corp | Xy符号化パルス圧縮方式 |
JPS59225375A (ja) * | 1983-06-07 | 1984-12-18 | Nec Corp | ドツプラ−検出回路 |
JPH01146806U (ja) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-11 | ||
JPH02195952A (ja) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-08-02 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 超音波診断装置 |
JPH03143432A (ja) * | 1989-10-31 | 1991-06-19 | Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 分散圧縮方式の超音波診断装置 |
JPH03162837A (ja) * | 1989-11-22 | 1991-07-12 | Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 医用超音波装置 |
JPH05149963A (ja) * | 1991-04-08 | 1993-06-15 | Toshiba Corp | 超音波高速流計測装置 |
Family Cites Families (2)
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US3815409A (en) * | 1973-02-15 | 1974-06-11 | A Macovski | Focused sonic imaging system |
JPH03288804A (ja) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 赤外光ファイバとその製造方法 |
-
2000
- 2000-09-25 AU AU74438/00A patent/AU7443800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-25 WO PCT/JP2000/006559 patent/WO2001021074A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2000-09-25 JP JP2001524508A patent/JP4091302B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-25 DE DE60020724T patent/DE60020724T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-25 CA CA002383515A patent/CA2383515C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-25 KR KR1020027003731A patent/KR100626944B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-25 US US10/088,638 patent/US6730029B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-25 EP EP00962811A patent/EP1214910B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-25 CN CNB00813104XA patent/CN1210003C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS58123482A (ja) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-07-22 | Nec Corp | Xy符号化パルス圧縮方式 |
JPS59225375A (ja) * | 1983-06-07 | 1984-12-18 | Nec Corp | ドツプラ−検出回路 |
JPH01146806U (ja) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-11 | ||
JPH02195952A (ja) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-08-02 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 超音波診断装置 |
JPH03143432A (ja) * | 1989-10-31 | 1991-06-19 | Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 分散圧縮方式の超音波診断装置 |
JPH03162837A (ja) * | 1989-11-22 | 1991-07-12 | Yokogawa Medical Syst Ltd | 医用超音波装置 |
JPH05149963A (ja) * | 1991-04-08 | 1993-06-15 | Toshiba Corp | 超音波高速流計測装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
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MASASUMI YOSHIZAWA ET AL.: "High signal-to-noise ratio ultrasonic point detection method using a fused quartz rod as a pulse compression filter and a sensor", JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, vol. 36, 1997, pages 3157 - 3159, XP002934389 * |
See also references of EP1214910A4 * |
TADASHI MORIYA ET AL.: "A simple method for measuring complex acoustic impedance of biological tissues using a fused quartz rod as a transmission line", IEEE ULTRASONIC SYMPOSIUM, vol. 2, 1998, pages 1389 - 1392, XP002934388 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1500371A1 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2005-01-26 | Hitachi Medical Corporation | Ultrasonograph |
EP1500371A4 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2011-07-27 | Hitachi Medical Corp | ULTRASOUND DEVICE |
US8043220B2 (en) | 2002-04-26 | 2011-10-25 | Hitachi Medical Corporation | Ultrasonograph |
JP2010197241A (ja) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-09 | Nec Corp | 目標捜索信号生成方法および目標捜索装置 |
JP2010246640A (ja) * | 2009-04-13 | 2010-11-04 | Aloka Co Ltd | 超音波診断装置 |
JP2012220449A (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-12 | Furuno Electric Co Ltd | レンジサイドローブ除去装置、信号処理装置、同信号処理装置を備えたレーダ装置、レンジサイドローブ除去方法及びプログラム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1210003C (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
EP1214910B1 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
KR20020043588A (ko) | 2002-06-10 |
DE60020724T2 (de) | 2006-03-16 |
AU7443800A (en) | 2001-04-24 |
CA2383515C (en) | 2006-12-19 |
EP1214910A4 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
EP1214910A1 (en) | 2002-06-19 |
JP4091302B2 (ja) | 2008-05-28 |
US6730029B1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
DE60020724D1 (de) | 2005-07-14 |
KR100626944B1 (ko) | 2006-09-20 |
CA2383515A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
CN1374845A (zh) | 2002-10-16 |
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