Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D65/00—Parts or details
  • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
  • F16D65/28—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged apart from the brake
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
  • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
  • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
  • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
  • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
  • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
  • B60T13/743—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator with a spring accumulator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
  • F16D2066/003—Position, angle or speed
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
  • F16D2066/006—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature without direct measurement of the quantity monitored, e.g. wear or temperature calculated form force and duration of braking
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
  • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
  • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
  • F16D2121/26—Electric or magnetic using motors for releasing a normally applied brake
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
  • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
  • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
  • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
  • F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
  • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
  • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
  • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
  • F16D2125/48—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel stationary axes, e.g. spur gears
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
  • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
  • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
  • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
  • F16D2125/50—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel non-stationary axes, e.g. planetary gearing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
  • F16D2127/02—Release mechanisms
  • F16D2127/04—Release mechanisms for manual operation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
  • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring electromechanical application devices for vehicle brakes according to the preambles of claims 1 and 11.
• Spring accumulators are mainly used to actuate parking brakes in the commercial vehicle sector, where the driver can no longer apply the manual force required to actuate a cable brake.
• the parking brake effect is mainly achieved by a pure cable pull mechanism. The driver operates a lever, at one end of which a cable is attached, which usually exerts a braking force on two wheels of the vehicle.
• Spring cylinders are generally. designed so that there is a pull or pressure effect when the cylinder is vented.
• the actuating force for the wheel brake is applied by a strong compression spring, which is supported on the housing of the cylinder and transmits the tensile force to the piston rod via a spring plate and a ball holder.
• the cylinder In its travel position, the cylinder is ventilated via a hand brake valve.
• the pressure in the ventilated room is reduced via the hand brake valve.
• the compression spring pulls the piston rod into the cylinder in accordance with the reduction in pressure, which actuates the wheel brake.
• the spring chamber is vented via the foldable bellows.
• the rotatable threaded spindle is axially fixed and carries a ball nut, which is seated in a spring plate, which is continued in a push-pull tube, which with a brake rod for actuating the brake shoes Disc brake for rail vehicles is connected
• a storage spring from the housing.
• the tensioning spring tightens the storage spring via the lead screw, which pulls the push-pull tube back into the housing when it is pulled together, thereby releasing the brake
• the electric motor or the output axis of the electric motor is arranged essentially parallel to the threaded spindle of the screw drive, a pinion sitting on the output shaft of the electric motor, which drives a further pinion attached to the threaded spindle
• a generic method and a generic device are known from DE 197 41 869 A1.
• This document shows a device for monitoring electromechanical application devices for vehicle brakes, in which the application device has, inter alia, a drive which has an electric motor with a power supply and a spring mechanism with one of the drive tensionable spring for actuating a push ice for applying and releasing the vehicle brake comprises the electrical actuation of the electric motor ensures a possibility of diagnosis
• the invention aims to provide a simple (especially electronic) monitoring device and a monitoring method with which malfunctions can be detected at an early stage, so that a service or repair measure can be initiated before a recognizable functional impairment of the application device or even a failure of the spring accumulator occurs.
• the monitoring device and the monitoring method can also be suitable for monitoring locking devices with electromechanical spring-loaded mechanisms
• the invention achieves this aim with regard to the device by the subject matter of claim 1 and with regard to the method by the subject matter of claim 11
• the monitoring device has a detection device designed as a sensor for determining the current and / or voltage profile in the power supply, the output of which is connected to an evaluation device which is designed to determine the determined current and / or voltage profile with pre-stored setpoints and / or to compare a pre-stored setpoint characteristic (and to use the comparison to output an error signal if necessary)
• the functional reliability and reliability of the electromechanical spring accumulators compared to spring accumulators - even with pneumatic loose pistons - which do not have such monitoring devices, can be significantly increased at only low (additional) costs
• the invention starts with the knowledge that the at least one drive (electric motor) used for releasing the electromechanical spring accumulator is driven during braking by the force of the spring - preferably via a spindle drive and Umschhngungs- and / or wheel gear - in this state the acts Electric motor as a generator, so that it generates electricity and so that a voltage is applied to it, the amounts of which essentially depend on the drive speed reached and, if applicable, on connected electrical consumers Characteristic voltage generated on the motor These characteristic values (or even functions) can be stored in a memory and called up by the evaluation device (which, for example, can be part - in particular software - of an EBS control unit) Almost every malfunction in the function of the electromechanical transmission system affects a changed engine speed and thus in the generator voltage (or in the generator current).
• the evaluation device which, for example, can be part - in particular software - of an EBS control unit
• the invention achieves its goal in that the determination device monitors the current and voltage curve in the current supply at least in generator mode and / or in motor mode of the electric motor, and with the aid of the evaluation device with pre-stored setpoint values or with a pre-stored setpoint value characteristic is compared, an error signal being generated if deviations from the pre-stored target values or the pre-stored target value characteristic occur
• the position of the spring accumulator and thus the magnitude of the braking force are preferably determined with displacement transducers (e.g. inductive). For monitoring purposes, this is also done during monitoring the spindle position is determined during the trip.
• this sensor system acts as a support and supplement to the voltage or Current monitoring.
• the spring-loaded brake As an auxiliary or service brake. Because the force on the brake is determined by the spindle position, the displacement transducer also acts as a braking force sensor. A brake signal given by the driver can thus be converted into a defined braking force on the wheel in accordance with the braking request.
• a displacement sensor it is also possible to use a different type of position sensor, for example a rotary sensor on the spindle nut or on the roller bearing or an angle sensor. With the appropriate conversion, it is also possible to infer the travel distance of the spindle and thus the braking force.
• the application device of the disc brake comprises a holding device which has a mechanically and / or electromagnetically releasable brake which generates the force for holding the spring (in particular mechanically).
• a disc spring pressure brake known per se, for example, is suitable for this.
• the force for holding the spring accumulator is applied mechanically. This results in the advantage of minimal power consumption with an extended service life.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic, partially sectioned representation of a spring accumulator, the function of which can be monitored with the invention and
• FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of components of the monitoring device according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a diagram which compares a target characteristic of the voltage curve in generator operation of the motor with an actual characteristic in the event of a fault
• FIG. 4 shows a diagram which compares a target characteristic of the voltage curve in generator operation of the motor with an actual characteristic in the event of a fault
• FIG. 1 shows a spring accumulator 1 with a first housing section 3, which receives a spring 5, which exerts a force on a brake system (not shown here) via a tappet 7 in order to brake a vehicle
• An electromechanical triggering unit 9 is arranged on the spring accumulator 1.
• a linear drive is used to exert force on the spring accumulator 1, which is realized with the aid of a ball screw drive (roller thread elements are also conceivable).
• the axially displaceable ball screw spindle 11 transmits the force to the plunger 7, which leads to tensioning of the spring 5.
• a spindle nut 13 sits on the ball screw spindle 11 and is fixed in a second housing section 17 via a bearing 15.
• the spindle nut 13 is driven via a toothed belt (t ⁇ eb) 19 (chain drives, spur gears and the like are also conceivable)
• Toothed belt 19 drives the wheel 23, which sits on the spindle nut 13.
• the pinion 21 is in turn on the output shaft 25 of a planetary gear 27 (conceivable also spur gear, Cycloget ⁇ ebe, etc.)
• the gear 27 is also in the
• a mechanically and electromagnetically releasable brake 31 is attached to the shaft of the motor 29.
• the motor 29 In the de-energized state, the motor 29 is held in its position by means of a spring mechanism, which means that the entire unit is fixed. If one flows the magnetic brake 31 or actuates the mechanical release device 35 with the cable 33, the motor shaft can rotate freely in both directions and the brake can be released or engaged
• the entire mechanism is set so that the spring force of the spring 5 is sufficient to relax the spring accumulator 1, that is, no support by the electric motor 29 is necessary.
• the motor 29 is only required for tensioning the spring 5. The system is thus self-locking
• the spring 5 delivers its force to the overall system until it is either held again by the action of the magnetic brake 31 or is in equilibrium with the spring force of the brake (full braking / parking position). In this case, however, the masses of the motor 29 and the Downstream gearbox (all of the cooperating gearboxes bear the reference number 37) accelerated to their maximum speed. This kinetic energy is converted into further potential (deformation) energy at the brake, ie the brake continues to apply. As soon as this kinetic energy is completely converted, it acts the magnetic brake 31 and locks the entire arrangement. There is thus a kind of "dynamic re-tensioning effect".
• the device can be held in any position.
• the application device not only acts as a parking brake but can also act as a control for the service or auxiliary brake by a simple control, since the braking force is up to the maximum spring force any height can be applied
• a characteristic of the electromechanical spring-loaded cylinder from FIG. 1 is that when the parking brake is applied, ie when the spring 5 is released, a generator effect is produced on the electric motor 29 since the spring 5 via the spindle drive 11, the belt 19 and the planetary gear 27, the motor 29 drives so that this current generates This effect the invention uses to implement a monitoring device and a monitoring method
• the monitoring device 39 has a sensor 43, which is only indicated schematically in FIG. 2 and with which the voltage and / or current profile in the supply line (s) 41 to the electric motor 29 can be sensed.
• the output of the sensor 43 is connected to an evaluation device 45, which is designed to compare the current and / or voltage curve determined with the sensor 43 with pre-stored setpoints (memory 47) and / or a pre-stored setpoint characteristic.
• pre-stored setpoints memory 47
• a pre-stored setpoint characteristic for such functions, corresponding integrated circuits are suitable, which in the Are available commercially
• Fig. 3 shows a comparison of the target curve of the generator voltage when engaging the parking brake with a curve such as can occur, for example, when the threaded spindle is stiff.
• the maximum of the voltage is lower since the engine speed is lower a tolerance threshold for the permissible minimum voltage or current is defined for the spring energy store and if this threshold is undershot issued a warning signal when generating electricity.
• the Warr. ⁇ ignal can consist in switching on a brake control lamp and / or in vehicles which have a driver information or service information system, a corresponding warning message using these systems, in which case an error indication is already possible.
• the functionality of the electromechanical spring mechanism can be checked using simple electronics. If the spring accumulator 1 and the release mechanism function properly, this generator voltage is resp. -ström exceed the specified minimum amount. If this minimum amount is not reached, this is an indication of a beginning disruption.
• the magnetic brake 31 is energized or not.
• the magnetic brake When the magnetic brake is energized, it opens and releases the release mechanism.
• the force of the spring 5 drives the electric motor 29 via the release mechanism, so that it outputs a current and a voltage is applied. If this voltage (or the associated current) exceeds a specified target value (tolerance threshold), the message “System OK” is output. If the target voltage (flow) is not reached, the output is "System not OK".
• the magnetic brake 31 In contrast, if the magnetic brake 31 is not energized, the brake is closed by spring pressure in this state and thus blocks the release mechanism. In this state, the motor does not deliver any voltage. There is no fault. However, if voltage is detected on motor 29 when the magnetic brake 31 is not energized, the electronics issue the message "System not in order". This is the case when the spring pressure brake cannot hold the release mechanism against the force of the driving spring 5 at a standstill and slips. The spring accumulator 1 begins to brake.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)
• Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
• Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7915396

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (17)

Citations (6)

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• 1999
  • 1999-07-20 DE DE19933962A patent/DE19933962C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-07-14 AU AU58280/00A patent/AU5828000A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-07-14 DE DE50010571T patent/DE50010571D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-14 CZ CZ20013611A patent/CZ20013611A3/cs unknown
  • 2000-07-14 TR TR2002/00119T patent/TR200200119T2/xx unknown
  • 2000-07-14 AT AT00944038T patent/ATE297858T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-07-14 BR BR0012578-4A patent/BR0012578A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-07-14 WO PCT/EP2000/006728 patent/WO2001005638A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-07-14 EP EP00944038A patent/EP1202892B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-14 US US10/031,451 patent/US6774595B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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