WO2000063555A1 - Dispositif de commande a piston oscillant - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande a piston oscillant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000063555A1
WO2000063555A1 PCT/EP2000/001825 EP0001825W WO0063555A1 WO 2000063555 A1 WO2000063555 A1 WO 2000063555A1 EP 0001825 W EP0001825 W EP 0001825W WO 0063555 A1 WO0063555 A1 WO 0063555A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
stator
permanent magnets
cylinder
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/001825
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Bahnen
Josef Hodapp
Gunter Knoll
Original Assignee
Leybold, Vakuum Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold, Vakuum Gmbh filed Critical Leybold, Vakuum Gmbh
Priority to AU31632/00A priority Critical patent/AU3163200A/en
Publication of WO2000063555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000063555A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F04B35/045—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric using solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/16—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
    • F04B2201/02—Piston parameters
    • F04B2201/0201—Position of the piston
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibrating piston drive, in particular for a vibrating piston vacuum pump, with a housing, with a cylinder formed in the housing, with a piston which can be moved back and forth in the cylinder and with an electromagnetic drive for the piston, which has an electromagnet on the stator side and at least one on the piston side Permanent magnets included.
  • a vibrating piston drive with these features is known from DE-A-41 02 710.
  • this oscillating piston drive according to the prior art there are two springs in the cylinder, one of which extends between one of the two end faces of the piston and the associated end face of the cylinder. It is thereby achieved that the piston assumes a central axial position in the idle state. With constant stress on coil springs, fatigue of the spring material is unavoidable. The service life of vibrating State-of-the-art actuators are therefore limited to the service life of the spring material.
  • the oscillating piston drive according to DE-A-41 02 710 is part of a oscillating piston pump in which at least one of the two chambers formed by the piston and the cylinder has the function of a compression space. The spiral springs are located in this room or in these rooms. This leads to undesirable dead spaces, which impairs the pumping action.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve a vibrating piston drive of the type mentioned in such a way that it no longer has the disadvantage of tiresome spring materials.
  • the aim is to make the drive particularly suitable for use with oscillating piston vacuum pumps.
  • this object is achieved in that permanent magnets are provided on the stator side and that the permanent magnet (s) of the piston and the permanent magnets of the stator are designed and arranged such that the piston assumes an essentially central axial position in the idle state.
  • the idle state that is to say when the electromagnet is currentless
  • the superposition of the magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets attached to the piston and in the stator has the effect that forces act on the piston which axially center it.
  • the piston is expediently equipped with two permanent magnets, one of which is arranged in the region of the two end faces of the piston.
  • Each of these piston-side permanent magnets is assigned a stator-side permanent magnet, in the region of the end faces of the cylinder with approximately the same radial position. If the permanent magnets of the stator are magnetized in opposite directions to the corresponding permanent magnets of the piston, then their magnetic fields generate repulsive forces. These forces have the effect that the piston approaching a cylinder end face is braked and the reverse movement of the piston is finally initiated. If the arrangement is constructed symmetrically overall, both in terms of its dimensions and in terms of the strength of the magnetic fields, the piston assumes an axially central position when the coil of the electromagnet is de-energized.
  • an asymmetrical structure in the axial direction can be expedient, since the symmetry relationships are decisive for the force characteristic. If the load on the two compression chambers on the face side is asymmetrical during the pumping process, an axially asymmetrical structure of the drive can be used to ensure an adapted force characteristic.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7. show exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a vibrating piston vacuum pump with a drive according to the invention
  • an outer housing is denoted by 2, the cylinder space formed in the housing 2 by 3, the piston located in the cylinder 3 by 4 and its liner by 5.
  • Stator components of the electromagnetic drive accommodated in the housing are at least one coil 8 and a pole component 11 (yoke) which is U-shaped in cross section and comprises the coil (s) 8 from three sides. Furthermore, a tube section-shaped pole component 12 (guide yoke) is provided, which is located between the coil 8 and the bushing 5. Finally, the stator system includes two permanent magnets 15, 16, which are located in the areas of the end faces of the cylinder 3. The U-legs of the yoke 11 end at the level of these permanent magnets 15, 16. Components of the electromagnetic drive on the piston side are two permanent magnets 18, 19 which are located in the regions of the end faces of the piston 4. In the radial direction, the permanent magnets 18, 19 are assigned to pole components 21 to 24 (FIGS. 1, 2). They are expediently covered with these pole components, the covers 21, 24 located on the end face being components of piston cover disks 25, 26, which in their central regions consist of non-ferromagnetic material. The piston 4 is also made of non-ferromagnetic material.
  • two permanent magnets 18, 19 arranged essentially on the end face are provided on the piston. These could also be replaced by a one-piece permanent magnet which surrounds the piston 4, for example in the form of a tube.
  • the oscillating piston drives according to FIGS. 1 and 2 expediently have sensor components 31, 32, which are also ring-shaped and one of which is arranged in the region of the two end faces of the electromagnetic drive. These sensors 31, 32 are used to detect the piston position, mainly borrowed in the area of his dead centers.
  • the sensors 31, 32 are expediently designed as ring coils. The voltage induced in this ring coil voltage is position of the piston ⁇ dependent, so that the signals generated for actuation of the coil (s) 8 may be used.
  • Hall elements, optical sensors or eddy current sensors can also be used.
  • the oscillating piston drives according to FIGS. 1 and 2 differ only in relation to the design of the guide yoke 12. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, it is designed symmetrically in the axial direction. The driving forces acting on the piston 4 are therefore also symmetrical. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the guide yoke 12 is asymmetrical in the axial direction. Its distance from the sensor coil 32 is less than from the sensor coil 31. The driving forces exerted in the area of the sensor coil 32 on the permanent magnets 19 of the piston 4 are therefore greater than the corresponding driving forces in the area of the permanent magnet 18. This effect can also be achieved by axially asymmetrical design other pole components, e.g. the cover plates 21 to 24, the formation of the leg ends of the yoke 11 or the like can be achieved. Otherwise, the oscillating piston drives according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are shown very schematically. Drive elements connected to the piston 4 have been omitted.
  • FIG. 3 shows an oscillating piston vacuum pump with an oscillating piston drive according to the invention.
  • the cylinder 3 the front Sides of the piston 4 and the sleeve 5 subspaces 34, 35, which have the function of compression spaces.
  • Each of these pump stages has an inlet 36, 37 which opens laterally into the compression space 34 and 35, respectively. Since ⁇ by the piston and the openings in a known manner have the function of inlet control valves.
  • Outlet valves 41, 42 are each arranged on the end face.
  • the outlet opening expediently extends essentially over the entire cross-sectional area of the cylinder 3 (known per se from DE-A-196 34 517).
  • the closure elements are designed as flexible plates 43, 44, which extend over the entire cross section of the cylinder 3, are fastened centrally to the housing 2 and are actuated peripherally by the pressure generated or by the end faces of the piston.
  • the piston end faces are designed to be concave.
  • the end faces of the cylinder wall or - as shown in Figure 3 - the outer end faces of the stator-side permanent magnets 15, 16 form the valve seats.
  • the gases emerging from the valves 41, 42 first enter outlet chambers 45, 46, to which the outlets 47, 48 are connected.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show exemplary embodiments for oscillating piston pumps in which two identical pistons 4, 4 ′ are accommodated in the housing 2 with a common central housing disc 50. At the ⁇ drives are configured and controlled so that the two pistons 4 4 'oscillate in opposite directions. Due to the resulting mass balance, the pumps are vibration-free.
  • the two pump stages of the two pistons 4 and 4 ' are connected in parallel.
  • the gas paths each indicated schematically by lines, indicate that the gas to be conveyed is supplied from the gas inlet 51 to the compression chambers 35 and 34 '. You leave these compression chambers through the outlet valves 42, 41 '. From there, they are fed to the compression chambers 34 and 35 ', respectively.
  • the two gas outlets are labeled 52 and 53.
  • outlet valves 41, 42 and 41 ', 42' shown are similar to those in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3. The difference is that the end faces of the pistons 4, 4 'are not concave but are equipped with tappets which actuate the associated valve disks. Other designs of exhaust valves of this type are known from DE-A-196 34 517.
  • the outlet-side permanent magnets 18 and 19 'of the pistons 4 and 4' are covered on both sides with pole components 21, 22 and 21 ', 22', while only one pole component 23 and 23 'is assigned to the inner permanent magnets 19, 18' .
  • the four pump stages are connected in series.
  • the gases conveyed from the inlet 51 to the outlet 54 pass successively through the compression spaces 34 ', 34, 35, 35'.
  • the solution according to FIG. 5 has the special feature of the magnetically actuated closing movement of the valves 41, 42, 41 ', 42'.
  • the plate-like closure elements consist at least in part (e.g. outer wall) of ferromagnetic material, so that the stator permanent magnets 15, 16, 15 ', 16' exert an attractive force.
  • the opening of the plates is pressure-controlled or piston-controlled (via the plunger shown), while the closing movement is caused by magnetic forces.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show circuit examples for oscillating piston drives equipped with sensor components.
  • the components of the drive are housed in block 61, the components of the electronics in block 62.
  • FIG. 6 shows a solution with only one coil 8, which is controlled as a function of the signals from the sensors 31, 32.
  • a four-switch bridge circuit 63 is used for the control.
  • voltage U and on the other hand the signals of sensors 31, 32 processed in a logic 64 are supplied.
  • the four power electronic switches are controlled via the logic 64 in such a way that the two connections of the coil 8 are connected to the positive or negative pole of the DC voltage source 65, depending on the desired current direction in the coil.
  • the voltage induced in the coil (s) in the stator can be used as information for detecting the piston position and the current supply to the coil (s) can be derived from this information.
  • the principle of self-regulation is used in a second tax law.
  • the maximum current in the coil (s) is specified and the vibration frequency is reduced if the load is too high.
  • the reversal of movement also takes place here when the piston has reached the respective end position.
  • the second tax law is modified in that the movement reversal is carried out before the end position is reached. This enables the oscillating piston motor to be protected against overload when it is "pumped on” or when the permanent load is too high.
  • the system can be designed for smaller forces and can therefore be implemented more cost-effectively. This also applies to the second tax law.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de commande à piston oscillant, destiné en particulier à une pompe à vide à piston oscillant, comprenant un bâti (2), un cylindre (3) formé dans le bâti, un piston (4) se déplaçant suivant un mouvement alternatif dans le cylindre, et une commande électromagnétique pour le piston (4) présentant, du côté du stator, un électro-aimant (11) et, du côté du piston, au moins un aimant permanent (18, 19). En vue de prolonger la durée de service, l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu des aimants permanents (15, 16) également du côté du stator, et en ce que les aimants permanents (18, 19) du piston (4) et les aimants permanents (15, 16) du stator sont réalisés et agencés de telle façon que le piston (4) prenne, au repos, une position axiale sensiblement centrale.
PCT/EP2000/001825 1999-04-19 2000-03-03 Dispositif de commande a piston oscillant WO2000063555A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU31632/00A AU3163200A (en) 1999-04-19 2000-03-03 Oscillating piston drive

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19917560.8 1999-04-19
DE19917560 1999-04-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000063555A1 true WO2000063555A1 (fr) 2000-10-26

Family

ID=7905027

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2000/001825 WO2000063555A1 (fr) 1999-04-19 2000-03-03 Dispositif de commande a piston oscillant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20020001830A (fr)
AU (1) AU3163200A (fr)
DE (2) DE10019108A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000063555A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002099280A1 (fr) * 2001-06-02 2002-12-12 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Pompe a vide a piston a etages multiples et procede permettant de la faire fonctionner
DE10308421A1 (de) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-09 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Kolbenpumpe, vorzugsweise Kolbenvakuumpumpe, mit Auslassventil
DE20307327U1 (de) * 2003-05-10 2004-09-23 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Kolbenvakuumpumpenserie
WO2009082800A1 (fr) 2007-12-28 2009-07-09 Whirpool S.A. Ensemble piston et cylindre entraîné par moteur linéaire avec système de reconnaissance de position de cylindre et compresseur à moteur linéaire, ainsi que capteur inductif
US8784069B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2014-07-22 Whirlpool S.A. Method of detecting impact between cylinder and piston driven by a linear motor, detector of impact between a cylinder and piston driven by a linear motor, gas compressor, control system for a cylinder and a piston set driven by a linear motor gas compressor, control system for a cylinder and a piston set driven by a linear motor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005325780A (ja) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-24 Alps Electric Co Ltd 往復動式ポンプ
DE102007033274A1 (de) * 2007-07-17 2009-01-22 Universität Rostock Kolbenstruktur für eine Kolbenpumpe und Kolbenstruktur zum Ausstoßen eines Pumpmediums
KR200495762Y1 (ko) * 2022-01-13 2022-08-11 채일희 동력 코일 및 이를 포함하는 자기장차 동력장치

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3884125A (en) * 1971-02-08 1975-05-20 Philip E Massie Variable displacement sealed pump
GB2052886A (en) * 1979-06-05 1981-01-28 Polaroid Corp A linear motor
US4638193A (en) * 1984-11-23 1987-01-20 Med-Tech Associates Linear impulse motor
DE4102710A1 (de) 1990-02-09 1991-08-14 Nitto Kohki Co Elektromechanisch angetriebene pumpe
US5395218A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-03-07 Thompson; Lee H. Fluid pump apparatus
DE19504751A1 (de) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 Werner Sommer Magnetpumpe zum Fördern von flüssigen und gasförmigen Medien
DE19634517A1 (de) 1996-08-27 1998-03-05 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Kolbenvakuumpumpe mit Auslaßventil

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3884125A (en) * 1971-02-08 1975-05-20 Philip E Massie Variable displacement sealed pump
GB2052886A (en) * 1979-06-05 1981-01-28 Polaroid Corp A linear motor
US4638193A (en) * 1984-11-23 1987-01-20 Med-Tech Associates Linear impulse motor
DE4102710A1 (de) 1990-02-09 1991-08-14 Nitto Kohki Co Elektromechanisch angetriebene pumpe
US5395218A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-03-07 Thompson; Lee H. Fluid pump apparatus
DE19504751A1 (de) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 Werner Sommer Magnetpumpe zum Fördern von flüssigen und gasförmigen Medien
DE19634517A1 (de) 1996-08-27 1998-03-05 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Kolbenvakuumpumpe mit Auslaßventil

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002099280A1 (fr) * 2001-06-02 2002-12-12 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Pompe a vide a piston a etages multiples et procede permettant de la faire fonctionner
DE10308421A1 (de) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-09 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Kolbenpumpe, vorzugsweise Kolbenvakuumpumpe, mit Auslassventil
WO2004076860A1 (fr) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-10 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Pompe a piston, de preference pompe a vide a piston, pourvue d'une soupape d'echappement
DE20307327U1 (de) * 2003-05-10 2004-09-23 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Kolbenvakuumpumpenserie
WO2009082800A1 (fr) 2007-12-28 2009-07-09 Whirpool S.A. Ensemble piston et cylindre entraîné par moteur linéaire avec système de reconnaissance de position de cylindre et compresseur à moteur linéaire, ainsi que capteur inductif
US8784069B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2014-07-22 Whirlpool S.A. Method of detecting impact between cylinder and piston driven by a linear motor, detector of impact between a cylinder and piston driven by a linear motor, gas compressor, control system for a cylinder and a piston set driven by a linear motor gas compressor, control system for a cylinder and a piston set driven by a linear motor
US8944785B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2015-02-03 Whirlpool S.A. Piston and cylinder combination driven by linear motor with cylinder position recognition system and linear motor compressor, and an inductive sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3163200A (en) 2000-11-02
KR20020001830A (ko) 2002-01-09
DE10019108A1 (de) 2000-11-23
DE50008237D1 (de) 2004-11-18

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