WO2000060288A1 - Pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000060288A1
WO2000060288A1 PCT/JP2000/001885 JP0001885W WO0060288A1 WO 2000060288 A1 WO2000060288 A1 WO 2000060288A1 JP 0001885 W JP0001885 W JP 0001885W WO 0060288 A1 WO0060288 A1 WO 0060288A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
closing device
closing
compressor
separator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/001885
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
WO2000060288A9 (fr
Inventor
Kazuo Nakatani
Michiyoshi Kusaka
Takayuki Takatani
Original Assignee
Matsushita Refrigeration Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP11096305A external-priority patent/JP2000292019A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11163295A external-priority patent/JP2000346477A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11163297A external-priority patent/JP2000346471A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11163294A external-priority patent/JP2000346473A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11218632A external-priority patent/JP2001041600A/ja
Priority claimed from JP31923699A external-priority patent/JP2001133059A/ja
Application filed by Matsushita Refrigeration Company filed Critical Matsushita Refrigeration Company
Priority to EP00911399A priority Critical patent/EP1094285A1/en
Priority to KR1020007013577A priority patent/KR20010052480A/ko
Publication of WO2000060288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000060288A1/ja
Publication of WO2000060288A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000060288A9/ja

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/08—Refrigeration machines, plants and systems having means for detecting the concentration of a refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump device using a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant, and more particularly, to a heat pump flowing through a main circuit of a heat pump.
  • the present invention relates to a heat pump device capable of changing a composition and changing an ability. Background technology
  • a conventional heat pump that uses a non-azeotropic cooling medium to change the cooling medium composition that flows through the main circuit of the heat pump to change the performance.
  • a pump device there is one disclosed in the official gazette of Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-444582.
  • Fig. 44 4 is a system configuration diagram showing the cooling / freezing cycle in the conventional heat pump device disclosed in the aforementioned bulletin.
  • the conventional heat pump device is a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a main circuit expansion device 4, and An indoor heat exchanger 5 is provided, and these are connected in a sequential ring to constitute a main circuit of the heat pump device.
  • one end of the inflator 6 is It is connected to a coolant pipe that connects the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the main circuit expansion device 4, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the rectification separator 7.
  • a cooler 8 is disposed above the rectifier separator 7. The pipes leading out from both ends of the cooler 8 are respectively connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifying separator 7 and the side surface at the top to form a ring. Yes.
  • the cooler 8 also serves as a refrigerant storage.
  • the cooler 8 is connected between the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2, and a suction pipe to the compressor 1 penetrates. In the cooler 8, the refrigerant at the top of the rectification separator 7 and the refrigerant flowing from the four-way valve 2 to the compressor 1 are indirectly heat-exchanged with each other. It has been.
  • one end of the expander 9 is connected to a refrigerant pipe connecting the main circuit expansion device 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 5.
  • the other end is connected to the bottom of the fractionator 7.
  • the refrigerant flow path composed of the expander 6, the rectifier separator 7, the cooler 8, and the expander 9 will be referred to as a rectification circuit 10.
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the four-way valve 2 to the indoor heat exchanger 5.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with the indoor air to heat the interior of the room.
  • the coolant discharged in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is liquefied and discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 5.
  • 5 indoor heat exchangers The coolant discharged out of the device is divided into a flow to the rectification circuit 10 through the expander 9 and a flow to the main circuit through the main circuit expansion device 4. Be washed away.
  • the coolant that has passed through the main circuit expansion device 4 evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, passes through the four-way valve 2, and is sucked into the compressor 1 again. It is done.
  • the refrigerant branched to the rectification circuit 10 is reduced in pressure by the expander 9 and flows into the bottom of the rectification separator 7.
  • the state of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 7 is changed to a liquid state according to the capacity of the indoor heat exchanger 5 used for the cooling medium. In some cases, it may be in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state flows from the indoor heat exchanger 5 to the rectifying separator.
  • the cooling medium in the gas phase (gas state) at the top of the rectifying separator 7 is cooled from the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifying separator 7.
  • the coolant flowing into the cooler 8 from the rectifying / separating device ⁇ flows between the four-way valve 2 and the low-temperature coolant flowing to the compressor 1. It is liquefied and stored by indirect heat exchange.
  • the liquid coolant exceeding the amount that can be stored in the cooler 8 passes through a coolant distribution pipe connecting the cooler 8 and the top side surface of the rectifying separator 7.
  • a low-boiling-point cooling medium is used for both cooling and heating.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 7 becomes the intermediate pressure of the main circuit, and the rectifying separation is also operated by this pressure. Therefore, the top of the rectifying and separating apparatus 7 contains a large amount of low-boiling components, so that the saturation temperature for liquefying the rising gas phase is lower. Become .
  • the suction piping between the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2 is used as the cooling source of the cooler 8, the suction of the compressor 1 is not sufficient.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant at the top of the rectifying separator 7 is liquefied due to the increase in the cooling medium temperature of the cooling source. Insufficient cooling energy is required.
  • a non-azeotropic refrigerant having a relatively large boiling point difference is separated. In such a case, in the conventional heat pump device, the separation width is reduced, and the width of the power control is reduced.
  • the expanders 6 and 9 are always in an open state, and the refrigerant is always in the cooler 8.
  • the coolant was stored in the main circuit, and it was not possible to adjust the amount of coolant in the main circuit. For this reason, the conventional heat pump device could not control the power by the amount of coolant in the main circuit.
  • the present invention solves a problem in a conventional heat pump device, and it is possible to obtain a sufficient composition separation width. At the same time, it is possible to control the power by adjusting the coolant in the main circuit, and the width of the power control can be expanded more than before.
  • the purpose is to provide a heat pump device. Disclosure of the invention
  • the heat pump device of the present invention has a substantially straight pipe shape that is long in the vertical direction, and has a bottom portion.
  • a rectifying separator connected to the suction pipe of the compressor via the sub-expansion device to rectify and separate the non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium;
  • the cooling medium flowing out from the bottom of the fractionation separator and flowing from the sub-expansion device to the suction pipe of the compressor, and the refrigerant and the fractionation A heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the coolant at the top of the heat exchanger;
  • the cooling medium at the top of the fractionation separator is sent to the cooling device, sent from the cooling device to the storage device, and then stored in the storage device.
  • a closed pipe which forms an annular closed circuit for returning the cooling medium to the top of the rectifying separator, and
  • the compressor, the four-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion device, and the indoor heat exchanger are connected to the pipes in order, and the non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium is connected.
  • An opening / closing device for connecting the opening and closing between the closing circuit and the main circuit
  • the opening / closing control of the opening / closing device is performed according to the load state, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the main circuit is flowed into the closed circuit. And a control device.
  • the cooling medium in the reservoir is controlled or stored in the air, and the cooling medium amount in the main circuit is adjusted.
  • the power control by the coolant amount of the main circuit and the power control by the coolant composition can be adjusted. Will enable a wide range of power control.
  • FIG. 27 is a control flowchart of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 29 is a control flowchart of the hot-pump device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a rectifying separator used for the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 21 according to the present invention. .
  • FIG. 44 is a system configuration diagram showing a cooling / freezing cycle in a conventional heat pump device.
  • FIG. 2 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device of the first embodiment.
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 provided in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2).
  • the two-phase refrigerant flows into the rectifying separator 18, part of the refrigerant is reduced in pressure through the auxiliary expansion device 22, and the low-temperature two-phase refrigerant is reduced. It flows into the cooler 19 as a cooling medium. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flows in from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18, and the gas refrigerant flows out from the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the gas refrigerant is cooled in a cooler 19.
  • the coolant cooled and liquefied by the cooler 19 is gradually stored in the storage device 20, and the storage amount increases.
  • a part of the refrigerant stored in the storage device 20 returns to the top of the rectifying / separating device 18 again and descends in the rectifying / separating device 18. You When this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium that rises and the liquid cooling medium that descends in the rectifying separator 18 have a gas-liquid contact state. It becomes.
  • the storage medium 20 gradually stores therein a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 11 through 9.
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 provided in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2).
  • the open / close valve 21 is closed and the cooler 19 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 11, so the cooling is performed.
  • the apparatus 19, the storage apparatus 20 and the rectifying and separating apparatus 18 are out of the above-mentioned heating cycle cycle. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifier 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is hardly stored. No.
  • the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is operated by the operation control device 26 from the opening / closing valve 21 Sent to.
  • the open / close valve 21 is in the open state.
  • the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant discharged from the sub-expansion device 17 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 to pass through the bottom of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the refrigerant part is depressurized through the auxiliary expansion device 22, and the low-temperature two-phase cooling is performed. It flows into the cooler 19 as a medium.
  • the cooler 19 the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifying separator 18 in the embodiment 1.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant with the lowest temperature and pressure in the cycle is used as the cooling source for the heat exchanger 19
  • the latent heat of the refrigerant can be effectively used for IJ, and the cooler 19 can be configured in a small size.
  • the cooler 19 of the heat pump device of Example 1 reliably liquefies the gas at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the amount of storage increases. And the savings A part of the refrigerant stored in the fractionator 20 returns to the top of the fractionator 18 again and descends in the fractionator 18.
  • the gas refrigerant that rises and the liquid refrigerant that descends in the rectifier 18 have a gas-liquid contact state. It becomes. Due to this gas-liquid contact state, rectification occurs, and the storage medium 20 gradually stores therein a cooling medium having a low boiling point and a large amount of a cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 11.
  • a cooling medium having a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition is sucked into the compressor 11 of the main circuit via the cooler 19.
  • the coolant having a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition gradually flows through the main circuit.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 can reduce the heating ability.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of the coolant flowing through the main circuit is reduced.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 has a reduced heating capacity due to a decrease in the amount of the cooling medium, and has a small heating load when the heating load is small.
  • low-power operation suitable for the heating load can be performed.
  • FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the second embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the components having the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of the first embodiment described above. The description will be omitted with the affixed.
  • the heat pump device of the second embodiment is non-shared.
  • Boiled refrigerant is sealed, and compressor 11, four-way valve 12 outdoor heat exchanger 13, outdoor expansion device 30, indoor expansion device 32, and inside the room
  • the outdoor expansion device is bypassed so as to bypass the outdoor expansion device 30 during the cooling operation.
  • a check valve 31 is provided in parallel with 30 so that the indoor expansion device 32 is no-passed during heating operation so as to be in parallel with the indoor expansion device 32.
  • a check valve 33 is provided in the row.
  • compressor 11, four-way valve 12, outdoor heat exchanger 13, outdoor expansion device 30, check valve 31, indoor expansion device 32, check valve 33 The main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle in the heat pump apparatus of the second embodiment is constituted by the heat exchanger 15 and the indoor heat exchanger 15.
  • the reservoir 20 is arranged so that its top is higher than the top of the fractionator 18. . Also, the cooler 19 is higher than the top of the reservoir 20 It is arranged so that it may become a position.
  • the indoor unit 23 is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 15 and the like, and the indoor air temperature (ie, the indoor unit 2 3
  • a room temperature sensor 24 is provided to detect the air temperature (intake air temperature).
  • the operation control device 26 to which the data from the room temperature sensor 24 is input is set in the storage device 25 and the air temperature to and the room temperature.
  • the suction air temperature t detected by sensor 24 is compared with the suction air temperature t, and the difference in temperature between the suction air temperature t and the set air temperature to is eliminated.
  • the logarithmic value is below the specified value ⁇ t
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the setting air stored in the storage device 25 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the temperature to exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (It-t0I> ⁇ t), that is, if the cooling load is large,
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 2 1 is applied to the operation control device 2 6
  • the pressure is sent to the open / close valve 21.
  • the opening / closing valve 21 maintains the closed state.
  • the open / close valve 21 is closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction pipe, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifier 18 are separated from the cooling cycle described above. It is in the state of being. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifying separator 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is mostly stored. There is no such thing.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is not mixed and remains in the filling composition. It is an azeotropic mixture cooling medium, and is operated in a state where the amount of the cooling medium is large. As a result, in the above-described state, the heat pump apparatus of Example 1 is operated with a large capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is stored as a storage device. 25 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in 5 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It-1 t0 I ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, if the cooling load is small, open and close the valve.
  • the open / close signal of 1 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 26 to the open / close valve 21. As a result, the open / close valve 21 is opened (STEP 3).
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the check valve 31 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 and the sub-expansion device 34 to the bottom of the rectifying separator 18. Flows into.
  • the refrigerant is not depressurized so much, and the refrigerant flows to the rectification separator 18 at a high pressure (substantially high pressure) slightly lower than the high pressure. Get out.
  • the rectifier 18 the rectifier is operated at a substantially high pressure.
  • the substantially high pressure is a pressure between the high pressure and the intermediate pressure.
  • Example 2 the temperature at the top of the rectification separator 18 was used in Example 2 because a low-peak, low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant was used as the cooling source of the cooler 19. The temperature difference between the cooling source of the cooler 19 and the cooling source of the cooler 19 can be increased. Further, since the cooler 19 can effectively use the latent heat of the cooling source, the size of the cooler 19 can be reduced. Further, since the heat pump apparatus of Example 2 is configured as described above, the rectification separator 1 W
  • the gas at the top of 8 is reliably liquefied, which has the effect of promoting rectification and separation.
  • the operation of the rectifying separator 18 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, the details thereof are omitted.
  • the rectification operation caused the storage device 20 to gradually contain a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition. Will be stored.
  • the coolant flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and flows through the main circuit.
  • the cooling medium gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the heat pump device of Example 2 can reduce the cooling capacity by reducing the amount of cooling medium, and can reduce the cooling load. In this case, low-power operation suitable for the cooling load can be performed.
  • a further load judgment is performed (STEP 4).
  • the cooling load increased and the air temperature t in the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 was increased t If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t 0 stored in the storage device 25 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (I t — to I>
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 26 to the opening / closing valve 21.
  • the opening / closing valve 21 is again closed (STEP 5), and the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually cooled by the compressor 1 in the main circuit. It is sucked into one.
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is reduced by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to is measured and compared with the specified value t. Then, based on the result of the comparison, only the simple operation of opening and closing the valve 21 to open and close the valve, the amount of the cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition can be reduced.
  • the force S can be controlled to an appropriate state according to the load.
  • the heat pump device according to the second embodiment is capable of responding to the detected cooling load by performing simple control. You can take control.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to approximately high pressure, which is slightly lower than high pressure.
  • the variable width of the medium composition can be further increased, and power control corresponding to a load that greatly changes can be performed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • Step 1 When high heating performance is required, such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11, the open / close valve 21 is closed. (Step 1). With the opening / closing valve 21 closed as described above, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 during heating is supplied to the four-way valve 12 and the chamber by the compressor 11. It flows into the indoor heat exchanger 15 of the indoor unit 23 to be condensed and liquefied. Coolant in indoor heat exchanger 15 The room is heated by the condensation and liquefaction. The refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger 15 passes through the check valve 33 and flows into the outdoor expansion device 30 at a high pressure.
  • the open / close valve 21 is closed, and the cooler 19 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the storage device 20 and the rectifying separator 18 are out of the above-mentioned heating cycle. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the storage device 20 and the rectification separator 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is hardly stored.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit is mixed with the non-azeotropic mixture having the same filling composition. Operates with a cooling medium and a large amount of refrigerant W
  • the heat pump device of the second embodiment is capable of performing a large-capacity operation suitable for a load. it can .
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 that has been set is less than the specified value ⁇ t (It-1 t0 I ⁇ ⁇ t)
  • the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is sent out from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. .
  • the open / close valve 21 is in the open state.
  • a part of the cooling medium flowing into the rectifying separator 18 through the sub-expansion device 34 is depressurized by the sub-expansion device 22 and has a low temperature. It flows into the cooler 19 as a two-phase coolant. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the fractionator 18.
  • Example 2 the temperature at the top of the rectifying separator 18 during the warm-up operation
  • the temperature difference between the cooling heat source and the cooling heat source of the cooling device 19 can be increased, and the latent heat of the cooling heat source can be used effectively. Therefore, in the heat pump apparatus of the second embodiment, the cooler 19 can be configured in a small size at any time, and the rectification separation is performed.
  • the gas at the top of the vessel 18 can be reliably liquefied, and rectification separation can be promoted.
  • the heat pump device of Example 2 can reduce the heating capacity by reducing the amount of the cooling medium and reduce the heating load. In this case, a low-power operation suitable for the heating load can be performed.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the indoor temperature sensor 24 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 When the fixed value ⁇ t is exceeded (It-to-I> ⁇ t), the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. It is transmitted. As a result, the opening / closing valve 21 is again closed (STEP 5), and the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually cooled by the compressor 1 in the main circuit. It is sucked into one. As a result, the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the composition state filled with the high-performance coolant.
  • the heat pump device since the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases, high-performance operation can be performed in response to the heating load.
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the air temperature to is detected, and the absolute value is compared with a predetermined value ⁇ t, thereby opening and closing the valve 21.
  • the heat pump device of the second embodiment increases the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 even in the operation state of cooling and heating. Since it is possible to set the intermediate pressure slightly lower than the pressure, it is possible to increase the variable width of the cooling medium composition, and to greatly change it. Power control is possible even for loads that are becoming increasingly complex.
  • FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the third embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the components having the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of the first embodiment described above. The description will be omitted with the affixed.
  • the heat pump device of Example 3 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 11 and a four-way valve — 1 2.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the main expansion device 14, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected and connected in a ring shape.
  • the structure of the cooling cycle of the heat pump device of Example 3 is the structure of the cooling cycle of the heat pump device of Example 1 described above.
  • the bottom of the rectifier 18 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 11.
  • An opening / closing valve 41 and a sub-expansion device 40 are connected between the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 and the discharge pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the discharge piping of the compressor 11 is disposed between the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 12.
  • the operation control device 26 has a temperature between the intake air temperature t and the set air temperature t0. If the absolute value of the difference is less than the specified value At (It — to I ⁇ At), open and close the open / close valve 21 and the open / close valve 41 and suction. If the absolute value of the temperature difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (
  • FIG. 6 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the third embodiment.
  • the two open / close valves 21, 41 are required. Is closed (STEP 1). With the open / close valves 21 and 41 closed as described above, during cooling, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is supplied to the four-way valve 1. 2. It flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is divided into a main circuit flowing into the main expansion device 14 and a circuit flowing into the sub-expansion device 16. The coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 16 is depressurized, and becomes the intermediate pressure near the high and low pressure middle in the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle. .
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2). And the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected and measured by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t0 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (it1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is In a large case, the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21 and 41 are sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21 and 41. As a result, the open / close valves 21 and 41 maintain the closed state.
  • all the intermediate-pressure refrigerant discharged from the sub-expansion device 16 has a low pressure through the sub-expansion device 17 and flows into the main circuit. .
  • the cooling medium that has passed through the sub-expansion device 16 merges with the cooling medium that has passed through the main expansion device 14, and then flows into the indoor heat exchanger 15. Evaporate to cool the space where the indoor unit 23 is installed. Then, the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 15 is sucked into the compressor 11 again through the four-way valve 12.
  • each of the distillation unit 20 and the rectifying separation unit 18 is in a low pressure state, and there is almost no storage of the refrigerant.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium, and is operated with a large amount of cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device of Example 3 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load. it can .
  • the part of the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 16 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 and passes through the bottom of the rectifying separator 18.
  • a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is reduced to the intermediate pressure in the auxiliary expansion device 40, and the fractionated gas is separated through the open / close valve 41.
  • the coolant is reduced to a predetermined pressure through the sub-expansion device 22, and flows into the cooler 19 as a low-temperature two-phase coolant.
  • the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the freeze cycle is used for the cooler 19. Since it is used as a cooling source, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 19 can be configured in a small size. In addition, the heat pump apparatus of Example 1 can reliably liquefy the gas at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 so that the refrigerant flows out from the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the coolant is cooled by a cooler 19.
  • the coolant cooled and liquefied in the cooler 19 is gradually stored in the storage device 20, and the storage amount increases.
  • the cooling medium returns to the top of the rectifier 18 again and descends down the rectifier 18. If this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 18 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 18 are evacuated in the rectifying separator 18. It will be in liquid contact state.
  • the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is directly flowed into the rectification separator 18.
  • the gas volume rises and the gas-liquid contact is good.
  • the rectification is promoted.
  • the storage device 20 stores an extremely large amount of the low-boiling-point cooling medium coolant. It is done.
  • the heat pump device of Example 3 has a lower cooling capacity due to a decrease in the amount of the cooling medium, and thus has a smaller cooling load. Low-power operation suitable for the cooling load of the vehicle.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the third embodiment Is determined by measuring the magnitude of the cooling load using the absolute value of the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature t0. It is compared with the value At. Then, only the operation of opening and closing valves 21 and 41 at the same time based on the comparison result, the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the amount of cooling medium are reduced.
  • the composition can be controlled in an appropriate state according to the cooling load.
  • the heat pump device according to the second embodiment can easily perform the control, and can respond to the detected cooling load by performing the simple control. You can take control.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • two open / close valves 2 1 , 41 are closed (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is heated by the four-way valve 1 during heating. 2. It flows into the indoor heat exchanger 15 to be condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is diverted into a main circuit that flows into the main expansion device 14 and a circuit that flows into the sub-expansion device 17.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the sub-expansion device 17 is depressurized, and becomes a medium pressure near or between high and low pressures in the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle.
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2). ! And the room stored in storage device 25 W
  • the intermediate-pressure coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 17 is all reduced in pressure through the sub-expansion device 16 to a low pressure, and flows into the main circuit. Enter. In this way, the state in which the coolant flowing through the sub-expansion device 17 flows into the main circuit is continued, and the coolant flowing through the main expansion device 14 is continued. Merge with. As a result, the refrigerant in the main circuit evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 13, and then is suctioned again into the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 12. Be entered
  • the open / close valves 21 and 41 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction piping, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifying separator 18 are connected to the above-mentioned heating cycle machine. It is in a qualitatively deviated state. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifying separator 18 is at a low pressure state, and the cooling medium is hardly stored. No.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium, and is operated with a large amount of cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device (3) is capable of performing large-capacity operation suitable for loads.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature t0 and the indoor temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suctioned air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 is less than or equal to the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, when the heating load is small, the open / close valves 21 and the open / close valves 41 receive the open / close signals from the operation control device 26 through the open / close valves 21, 4. Sent to 1. As a result, the open / close valves 21 and 41 are opened (STEP 3).
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 is reduced in pressure to a low pressure in the sub-expansion device 22, and is cooled with a low-temperature two-phase refrigerant. Then, it flows into cooler 19. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy in the heating cycle is cooled. Since it is used as the cooling source of 19, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 19 can be configured in a small size. Also The heat pump apparatus of the third embodiment can reliably liquefy the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 so that the refrigerant flows out from the top of the rectifying separator 18. Then, the coolant is cooled by a cooler 19. The refrigerant cooled and liquefied in the cooler 19 is gradually stored in the storage device 20, and the storage amount increases. Then, a part of the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 returns to the top of the rectifier 18 again and descends down the rectifier 18. . If this condition occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 18 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 18 are evacuated in the rectifying separator 18. It will be in liquid contact state.
  • the storage medium 20 gradually stores therein a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 11 through 19.
  • Example 3 the discharge gas of the compressor 11 was rectified during the heating operation as well as during the cooling operation. It is configured to flow directly into the separator 18. For this reason, in the rectifying separator 18, the amount of gas rising and rising increases, and the gas-liquid contact is improved, and the rectifying operation is promoted.
  • the storage device 20 stores an extremely large amount of cooling medium having a low boiling point.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit has an extremely large coolant composition with a high boiling point, so that the capacity must be controlled according to the load. Can be obtained. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of coolant. The chamber capacity can be reduced, and when the heating load is small, low-power operation suitable for the heating load can be performed.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature to which is set in the PL 3 ⁇ 4sc unit 25 is the specified value.
  • ⁇ t is exceeded (It—t0I> ⁇ t)
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valve 21 and the opening / closing valve 41 are supplied to the operation control device 26 Are sent to the respective opening / closing valves 21 and 41.
  • the opening / closing valves 21 and 41 are again in the closed state (the coolant stored in the reservoir 20 in STEP 5 is gradually supplied to the compressor 11).
  • the cooling medium composition in the main circuit returns to the assembled state filled with the high-performance cooling medium. Since the amount of coolant in the road increases, high-power operation in response to the heating load can be restarted.
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 41 are identified as the same. Only the opening and closing operations can adjust the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the coolant composition to the appropriate state according to the load. . Therefore, the heat pump device of the third embodiment is Force control can be performed easily.
  • the gas discharged from the compressor 11 can be used for good gas-liquid contact of the rectification separation by using the discharge gas. Therefore, the separation time can be shortened and the separation performance can be improved, and large changes in the load can be reliably followed. It is possible to realize a coolant composition having a wide variable width.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 that have the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of each of the above-described embodiments. The description will be omitted with the affixed.
  • FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 4 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, The outdoor heat exchanger 13, the outdoor expansion device 30, the indoor expansion device 32, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected to the pipe in a ring shape. .
  • Example 4 the check valve 3 is arranged in parallel with the outdoor expansion device 30 so that the outdoor expansion device 30 is bypassed during the cooling operation. 1 is installed, and the check valve is arranged in parallel with the indoor expansion device 3 2 so that the indoor expansion device 3 2 is no-passed during the heating operation. Valve 33 is provided.
  • the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment has the same configuration as the heat pump device of the second embodiment described above. . However, the heat port of Example 4 was used.
  • the configuration of the refrigeration cycle of the pump device is the same as the configuration of the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump device of Example 2, but also the rectification separator 1 8 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the discharge pipe of the machine 11 is provided between the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 12.
  • components having the same functions and configurations as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the operation control device 26 of the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment is designed to completely absorb the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t and the set air temperature t0. If the value is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (
  • FIG. 8 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment.
  • two open / close valves 2 1 , 51 are closed (STEP 1). With the open / close valves 21 and 51 closed as described above, the compressor is used for cooling.
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from 11 flows into the four-way valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the condensed and liquefied coolant passes through the check valve 31 and flows into the in-chamber expansion device 32 at high pressure.
  • the load is determined using the room temperature sensor 24 (STEP 2).
  • Suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the setting air stored in the storage device 25 When the absolute value of the temperature difference from the air temperature t0 exceeds the predetermined value At (It1 tol> ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is large.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 and the opening / closing valve 51 is sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21, 51.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 51 maintain the closed state.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the check valve 31 becomes low pressure through the indoor expansion device 32, and is vaporized by the indoor heat exchanger 15 to evaporate to the indoor unit.
  • 23 Cool the space installed in 3. After that, the coolant is again sucked into the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 12.
  • the opening / closing valves 21 and 51 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction pipe, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifier 18 are in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is stored. There are few.
  • the closed state of the open / close valves 21 and 51 continues, so that the coolant flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the charged composition. In this state, it is operated with a large amount of coolant. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 4 performs a large operation with a capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the storage device 2 are stored. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in 5 is less than the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, when the cooling load is small, the open / close valves 21 and the open / close valves 51 are supplied with the open / close signals from the operation control device 26 to the respective open / close valves 21 and 21. It is sent to the opening / closing valve 51, and the opening / closing valves 21 and 51 are opened (STEP 3).
  • Example 4 the sub-expansion device 34 and the sub-expansion device 50 flow the coolant to the rectification separator 18 at a substantially high pressure slightly lower than the high pressure.
  • the rectification separation operation in the rectification separator 18 is operated by this pressure.
  • Example 4 the discharge gas of the compressor 11 was directly connected to the exhaust gas. Since the configuration is such that the gas flows into the fraction separator 18, the amount of gas that rises and rises, so that gas-liquid contact is improved and the rectification operation is promoted. It is. Further, the pressure of the fractionator 18 is slightly higher than the high pressure and is approximately high pressure, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is in the cycle. Since a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy is used, the temperature at the top of the rectifier 18 and the cooling of the cooler 19 It is possible to increase the temperature difference from the heat source. As a result, in Example 4, not only can the cooler 19 be configured small, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier 18 can be confirmed. In fact, liquefaction can be performed, rectification separation is promoted, and a coolant of a coolant composition having a very low boiling point and a large amount of coolant is stored in the reservoir 20.
  • the heat pump device of Example 4 is loaded with a load because the coolant of the coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount flows through the main circuit.
  • the ability can be controlled accordingly.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of the coolant flowing through the main circuit is reduced, and the cooling of the main circuit is reduced. Due to the decrease in the amount of the medium, the cooling capacity is further reduced, and the low-capacity operation suitable for the cooling load can be performed.
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is reduced by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the simple operation of detecting and detecting the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to and opening and closing the open / close valves 21 and 51 at the same time is only possible. It is possible to control the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the coolant composition to a state corresponding to the load.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to a substantially high pressure. Therefore, the variable range of the coolant composition can be further increased, and the range of the power control that can cope with the greatly changing load can be adjusted. The device will be wide.
  • the flow of the cooling medium flows only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the load is determined using the measured temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 (STEP 2).
  • the set air temperature to which is stored in the storage device 25 and the air intake of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the temperature t exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It-to I> ⁇ t), that is, if the heating load is large,
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21, 51 is sent from the operation control device 26 to each opening / closing valve 21, 51, and the opening / closing valve 21 51 is closed. It is done. Therefore, all the refrigerant flowing out of the check valve 33 becomes a low pressure through the outdoor expansion device 30. Then, the cooling medium that has passed through the outdoor expansion device 30 evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 13, and then passes through the four-way valve 12. And is sucked into the compressor 11.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is not mixed with the charged composition. It is in a combined state, and is operated with a large amount of coolant. As a result, in the above-described state, the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment is operated with a large capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 that has been set is less than or equal to the predetermined value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, when the heating load is small, the open / close valves 21 and the open / close valves 51 receive the open / close signals from the operation control device 26 through the open / close valves 21, 51. , And the open / close valves 21 and 51 are opened (STEP 3).
  • the sub-expansion device 34 and the sub-expansion device 50 are set so that the pressure of the coolant is reduced to approximately a high pressure, and the rectification separator 18 has a substantially high pressure. A cooling medium of pressure is injected. In the rectification separator 18, the rectification separation operation is operated by this pressure.
  • a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is reduced in pressure in the sub-expansion device 50 to a substantially high pressure, and passes through the opening / closing valve 51. Flow into the bottom of the rectifier 18. For this reason, the refrigerant flowing through the sub-expansion device 34 and a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 are combined at the bottom of the rectification separator 18.
  • the cooling medium from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 22 and is cooled as a low-temperature two-phase cooling medium.
  • the low-temperature two-phase coolant indirectly exchanges heat with the coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is directly flowed into the rectification separator 18. As a result, the amount of gas that rises increases, so that the gas-liquid contact is improved and the rectification operation is promoted. Further, the pressure of the rectifier 18 is almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is the most powerful in the cycle. Because a low-temperature, low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase coolant is used for ij, the temperature at the top of the fractionator 18 and the temperature between the cooler 19 and the cooling heat source Because the difference can be increased, the heat pump device of Example 4 allows the cooler 19 to be smaller. In addition, the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 18 can be reliably liquefied, the rectifying separation is promoted, and the low boiling point of the reservoir 20 is extremely low. A large amount of coolant in the coolant composition is stored
  • the cooling medium flowing in the main circuit has a very high boiling point and a very large amount of cooling medium composition.Therefore, the capacity must be controlled according to the load. It is done.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. Further, the performance is reduced, and the low-power operation suitable for the load can be easily performed.
  • the load is determined (STEP 4), and if the load increases, that is, if the load is large, that is, the data stored in the storage device 25 is also stored.
  • Absolute temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the constant air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 24 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 If the value exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It ⁇ to I ⁇ ⁇ t), the closing signal of the open / close valve 2 15 1 is sent from the operation control unit 26. Then, the opening / closing valve 2151 is closed again (STEP 5), and the coolant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually sucked into the compressor 11. As a result, the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition, and the amount of coolant increases, and the capacity corresponding to the load is increased. Large operation is performed.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected by the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature t0, and the valve is opened and closed.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing 2 1 5 1 at the same time controls the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition to a state corresponding to the load.
  • This force S can be.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to a substantially high pressure, so that the variable width of the cooling medium composition can be set. Can be made larger, and power control can be performed to cope with a load that changes greatly.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 that have the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of each of the above-described embodiments. The explanation is omitted with the number attached.
  • FIG. 9 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the compressor 11 and the four-way compressor
  • the valve 12, the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the outdoor expansion device 30, the indoor expansion device 32, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected and connected in a ring shape. It is.
  • Example 5 the check valve 3 is arranged in parallel with the outdoor expansion device 30 so that the outdoor expansion device 30 is bypassed during the cooling operation.
  • Check valve 1 is installed in parallel with the indoor expansion device 3 2 so that the indoor expansion device 3 2 is bypassed during heating operation.
  • 3 3 has been established.
  • the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment has the same configuration as the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment described above.
  • the configuration of the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment, but also includes a cooler 19 and a compressor. This is the one in which the suction piping of 11 is connected via the opening / closing valve 52.
  • components having the same functions and configurations as those of the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the operation control device 26 of the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment needs the cooling and heating capability such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11.
  • open / close valves 21, 51, 52 are closed.
  • the operation control device 26 operates when the absolute value of the temperature difference between the suction air temperature t and the set air temperature to is equal to or less than the predetermined value ⁇ t. (It — tol ⁇ At),-First, open / close valves 21, 51 and 52 are opened for a specified time.
  • the opening and closing valves 21, 51, and 52 have passed a predetermined time after opening and closing, the operation control device 26 is opened and closed. Is in the closed state.
  • Reference numeral 10 denotes a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump apparatus of the fifth embodiment.
  • the three open / close valves 21, 5 15 2 is closed (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 power is supplied to the four-way valve 1. 2. It flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the condensed and liquefied coolant passes through the check valve 31 and remains at a high pressure and flows into the in-room expansion device 32 in the above-described state.
  • the load is determined using the measured temperature detected by the temperature sensor 24 (STEP 2).
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit remains charged and assembled. It is operated in a mixed state with a large amount of coolant. As a result, the heat pump apparatus of Example 5 is operated with a large capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the storage device 2 are detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in Fig. 5 is less than the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), In other words, when the cooling load is small, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the respective opening / closing valves 21, 5. 1 and 52, and the open / close valves 21, 51 and 52 are opened (STEP 3).
  • Example 5 the sub-expansion devices 34 and 50 flow the refrigerant into the rectification separator 18 at a substantially high pressure slightly lower than the high pressure.
  • the rectification separation operation in the rectification separator 18 is operated by this pressure.
  • Part of the high-pressure coolant that has exited the check valve 31 flows into the bottom of the rectification separator 18 through the opening / closing valve 21 and the sub-expansion device 34. Further, the pressure is reduced by the sub-expansion device 50 to almost a high pressure, and the discharge gas of the compressor 11 passed through the opening / closing valve 51 is supplied to the rectifying separator 1. 8 flows into the bottom part and merges with the cooling medium passed through the sub-expansion device 34.
  • the coolant that has joined at the bottom of the fractionator 18 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 22, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant to cool the refrigerator 1. Flow into 9. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the fractionator 18.
  • the gas rising is increased.
  • gas-liquid contact becomes better and rectification is promoted.
  • the pressure of the fractionator 18 is almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is the most energy-saving in the cycle.
  • Temperature difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 18 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 19 because a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase coolant with low temperature is used. Can be increased.
  • Example 5 not only can the cooler 19 be configured in a small size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier 18 can be confirmed. In fact, liquefaction can be performed, rectification separation is promoted, and a cooling medium having a very low boiling point and a high cooling medium composition is stored in the storage device 20.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 has a heavy load. It is possible to control the ability according to.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. , And air conditioning W
  • the capacity is reduced, and low-power operation suitable for cooling load becomes possible.
  • Step 4 Whether the time T after opening and closing the valves 21, 51, 52 in STEP 3 has passed the preset time Ta has elapsed or not. If the predetermined time Ta has elapsed, the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21, 51. , 52, and the open / close valves 21, 51, 52 are closed (STEP 5).
  • Example 5 as described above, the rectifying separator 18, the cooling device 19, and the storage device 20 can be separated from the main circuit. Because of this configuration, it is possible to block the circuit for flowing the coolant to the low pressure side. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 5 can eliminate the loss of heat required for rectification separation, and can respond to the load. When power control becomes possible, it will be possible to perform highly efficient driving.
  • the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment can operate with a large capacity corresponding to the load. Become .
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is determined by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the simple operation of detecting the absolute value of the temperature difference from the constant air temperature to and controlling the opening and closing of the open / close valves 21, 51, 52 is only possible. It is possible to control the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the coolant composition to a state corresponding to the load.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the fifth embodiment can set the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 to almost the high pressure, so that the cooling apparatus can be cooled. It is possible to make the variable width of the medium composition larger, and it is possible to control the power that can cope with the load that changes greatly. .
  • the flow of the cooling medium flows only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the opening and closing valves 21, 51,. 5 Close 2 (STEP 1). With the open / close valves 2 15 1 and 52 closed as described above, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the four-way valve 12 and And flows into the indoor heat exchanger 15 to be condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is supplied to the indoor unit 2 The air is contributed to the heating in step 3, passes through the check valve 33, and flows into the outdoor expansion device 30 while maintaining the high pressure.
  • a load judgment is made (STEP 2).
  • the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 25 and the indoor air sensor 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 Inhaled air from the indoor unit 23 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the temperature t exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (It1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, if the heating load is large, As a result, the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52. Opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are closed. Therefore, all the refrigerant flowing out of the check valve 33 is reduced in pressure in the outdoor expansion device 30 to a low pressure, and the outdoor heat exchanger 13 After being vaporized in, it is sucked into the compressor 11 again through the four-way valve 12.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit remains charged and assembled. It is operated in a mixed state with a large amount of cooling medium. As a result, in the above-described state, the heat pump device of Example 5 is operated with a large capacity suitable for the load. .
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor 2 stored in the storage device 25 are stored. W
  • the open / closed valves 21, 51, 52 are sent from the operation control device 26 with the open / closed signals. Then, the opening / closing valves 21, 51 and 52 are opened (STEP 3).
  • the sub-expansion device 34 and the sub-expansion device 50 are set so that the pressure of the coolant is reduced to approximately a high pressure, and the rectification separator 18 is generally used. High-pressure coolant is injected. In the rectification separator 18, the rectification separation operation is performed at this pressure.
  • a portion of the high-pressure coolant that has exited the check valve 33 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 and the sub-expansion device 34 and becomes substantially higher in pressure than the high pressure. It flows into the bottom of the fractionator 18. Further, a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 becomes almost high pressure by the sub-expansion device 50, passes through the opening / closing valve 51, and the bottom of the rectifying separator 18. Into the section and joins the cooling medium from the sub-expansion device 34. A part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the fractionator 18 is depressurized through the auxiliary expansion device 22 and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant to be cooled. In the cooler 19, which flows into the cooler 19, heat is indirectly exchanged with the gas-phase cooling medium at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is directly flowed into the rectification separator 18.
  • the pressure of the fractionator 18 is almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is
  • the temperature and cooling at the top of the rectifier 18 are controlled because a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak is used in the cycle.
  • the temperature difference between the cooling heat source of the heat exchanger 19 and the cooling heat source can be increased.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 can not only reduce the size of the cooler 19 but also reduce the size of the cooler 19 at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the gas can be reliably liquefied, rectification and separation are promoted, and an extremely large amount of cooling medium having a low boiling point is stored in the storage device 20. .
  • the coolant flowing in the main circuit becomes a high-boiling-point extremely cold coolant composition, so its capacity must be controlled according to the load. Can be obtained. Also, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of coolant. Further, the power can be reduced, and the low power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • Step 4 After opening / closing the valves 21, 51, 52 in STEP 3, it is necessary to determine whether or not the preset time Ta has elapsed. (Step 4). If the predetermined time period Ta has passed in this STEP 4, the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are transmitted from the operation control device 26. Then, the valves 21, 51 and 52 are closed (STEP 5).
  • the rectifying separator 18, the cooler 19, and the reservoir 2 are provided. Since 0 can be separated from the main circuit, the circuit that allows the coolant to flow to the low pressure side can be blocked. For this reason, the heat pump apparatus of the fifth embodiment is capable of reducing the amount of heat required for rectification separation. Loss can be eliminated, and high-efficiency operation can be performed along with the load control in response to the load.
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually sucked into the compressor 11, and the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition. .
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit is increased, so that a large operating power corresponding to the load can be obtained.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected by the absolute value of the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature t0, and the load is opened.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the valves 21, 51, and 52 only allows the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the composition of the cooling medium to correspond to the load. Can be controlled.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to a substantially high pressure, the refrigerant composition is variable. The width can be made even larger, and the power can be controlled to cope with greatly changing loads.
  • the open / close The valves 21, 51, 52 are all closed, and the closed circuit consisting of the rectifier 18, the cooler 19, and the reservoir 20 is mainly used.
  • the time to separate the circuit from the circuit is when it is detected that the coolant composition of the main circuit or the reservoir 20 has become the specified composition. This configuration is fine.
  • the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment has been described based on the system configuration shown in the fourth embodiment described above.
  • the same effect can be obtained even if the opening / closing valve 52 described in Example 5 is provided.
  • the result is brilliant and the explanation is omitted.
  • compressors are not limited to single-speed compressors, but have means for controlling power such as extreme-pressure compressors, cylinder bypasses, etc.
  • a variable speed compressor which can be used in the evening or in the evening, and when these are used, the above-mentioned embodiments and the examples will be described. It has the same effect.
  • an electronic expansion valve or a manual valve that can shut off the coolant flow may be considered.
  • the use of these elements is also included in the heat pump device of the present invention.
  • the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant to be sealed is a substitute refrigerant of R22. If R 407 C, which is a mixture of three kinds of single coolants of 3 2, R 1 2 5 and Rl 3 4a, is used, the coolant with low boiling point R 3 It is possible to increase the difference in boiling point between the refrigerants R 2, R 1 25 and R 1 25, which have a high boiling point, and the rectification and separation performance will be reduced to IJ. In addition, the power reduction ratio can be increased, and optimal power control can be performed for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 11 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the sixth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 6 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 61, a four-way valve 62, and an outdoor heat exchanger 6. 3, the main expansion device 64, and the indoor heat exchanger 65 are connected in a ring-like manner to form a main circuit for the cooling / freezing cycle.
  • the heat pump device of the sixth embodiment is in the middle of piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 constituting the main circuit.
  • the branched pipe is connected to a rectifying separator 70 via a check valve 66 and an opening / closing valve 67.
  • the check valve 66 and the open / close valve 67 on the branched pipe are connected in series.
  • the check valve 66 is configured to flow only in the direction from the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to the opening / closing valve 67.
  • the main circuit connecting the main expansion device 64 and the indoor heat exchanger 65 is connected to a rectifying separator 70.
  • Pipes are branched. On this branched pipe, The expansion device 68 and the check valve 69 are connected in series. As shown in FIG. 11, one end of the check valve 69 is connected to the auxiliary expansion device 68, and the other end is connected to the check valve 66, the open / close valve 67, and the like. Is connected to the piping between The check valve 69 is configured to flow only in the direction from the auxiliary expansion device 68 to the opening / closing valve 67.
  • the rectification separator 70 is composed of a vertically long straight pipe filled with a filling material (not shown) inside the rectification separator 70.
  • the bottom is connected to an opening / closing valve 67.
  • the top of the fractionator 70 is connected to the top of the reservoir 72 via a cooler 71, and the bottom of the reservoir 72 is connected to the fractionator 70. It communicates with the top. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 70, the cooler 71, and the reservoir 72 are connected in an annular shape to form a closed circuit force.
  • the reservoir 72 is arranged so that its top is higher than the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the cooler 71 is positioned so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 72.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifier 70 and the cooler 71 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifier 70.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the storage device 72 and the top of the rectification separator 70 is connected to the rectification separator 70 connected to the top surface of the rectification separator 70.
  • the pipe led out from the bottom of the compressor is connected to a suction pipe to the compressor 61 via a sub-expansion device 73 and a cooler 71.
  • the suction pipe to the compressor 6 1 is connected to the compressor 6 This is a pipe connecting between 1 and the four-way valve 62.
  • the cooler 71 In the cooler 71, the refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 through the sub-expansion device 73 to the suction pipe of the compressor 61, and the rectifying separator The heat exchange is indirectly exchanged with the gas-phase refrigerant at the top of 70.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be adopted as the cooler 71 of the sixth embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 74 of the main circuit is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 65 and an indoor temperature sensor 75.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 75 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74).
  • the arithmetic and control unit 77 into which a signal indicating the measured temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 75 is input, is connected to the set air temperature stored in the storage unit 76 and the room air temperature.
  • the air temperature detected by the internal temperature sensor 75 is compared with the air temperature, and the difference between the air temperature and the set air temperature is determined, and the open / close valve 67 is opened / closed.
  • the storage device 76 stores a set air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • FIG. 12 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the sixth embodiment.
  • the refrigerant removes heat from the air in the room where the indoor unit 74 is installed, cools the refrigerant, and evaporates and vaporizes by itself.
  • the evaporated refrigerant returns to the compressor 61 through the four-way valve 62 again.
  • the circuit from the pipe branched from the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to the check valve 66 must be closed because the open / close valve 67 is closed. There is no refrigerant flowing into 0.
  • the check valve 69 is provided, the flow of the coolant from the check valve 66 to the sub-expansion device 68 is prohibited.
  • the opening / closing valve 67 is closed, and the rectification separator 70 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 61 via the auxiliary expansion device 73 and the cooler 71. Therefore, the rectifying separator 70, the chiller 71, and the reservoir 72 are in a low-pressure state of the refrigeration cycle, so that the rectifying separator 70, Only the superheated gas is stored in the cooler 71 and the reservoir 72, and the stored refrigerant There is little quantity.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit was mixed as it was in the filling system. It is a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant, and is operated in the main circuit with a large amount of refrigerant. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 6 performs a large operation with a capacity suitable for the load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the indoor air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75, the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 4, and the storage device 7
  • the difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in Fig. 6 is less than the specified value At (1t-1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t)
  • the open / close signal of the open / close valve 67 is sent from the operation control device 77 to the open / close valve 67.
  • the open / close valve 67 is opened (STEP 3).
  • the two-phase refrigerant in the course of condensing into liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 passes through the check valve 66 and the open / close valve 67. Then, it flows into the bottom of the fractionator 70. A part of the coolant flowing into the fractionator 70 is depressurized in the sub-expansion device 73. The depressurized coolant flows into the cooler 71 as a low-temperature two-phase coolant, where the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifying and separating device 70 is provided. Indirect heat exchange with
  • Example 6 a low-temperature, low-pressure two-layer cooling medium is used as a cooling source of the cooling device 71, so that the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used. Not only can the cooler 71 be used in a small size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier 70 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 is cooled.
  • the liquid is cooled and liquefied in the recirculator 71, and is gradually stored in the reservoir 72.
  • the amount of the coolant in the storage device 72 gradually increases, and returns to the top of the rectification separation device 70, and returns to the rectification separation device 70 to return to the top of the rectification separation device 70.
  • the cooling medium gas and the descending cooling medium are in the rectifying separator 70.
  • Gas-liquid contact occurs.
  • the gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 72 gradually stores the refrigerant of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition. Accordingly, the coolant flowing down the rectifying separator 70 and passing through the sub-expansion device 73 gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the air is sucked into the compressor 61 via the humidifier
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the heat pump device of Example 6 reduces the performance. You can do it. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. Further, the power can be reduced, and the low power operation suitable for the load can be achieved.
  • Example 6 the pressure of the rectifying separator 70 is almost at a high pressure, and the cooling source of the cooler 71 is a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase cooling system. Since the medium is used, it is possible to increase the temperature difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71. Wear . For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 6 cannot sufficiently separate the separation width in the rectifying separator 70. In the state described above, the heat pump apparatus of Example 6 is provided with a condensing two-phase refrigerant at the bottom of the rectifying separator 70. The flow rate of the gas can be increased, so that sufficient gas generation can be ensured and the time required for separation can be shortened. it can .
  • the heat pump device of the sixth embodiment is capable of flowing a saturated gas into the heat pump device, so that a superheated gas such as a discharge gas is discharged.
  • a superheated gas such as a discharge gas
  • the liquefaction of the gas becomes easier, and the separation performance can be further improved.
  • the coolant is supplied from the rectifying separator 70 to the secondary expansion by the function of the check valve 69. It does not flow in the direction to the stretching device 68.
  • a load judgment is made (STEP 4).
  • the load increases, and the indoor air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 and the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 are stored in the storage device 76. If the difference from the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It-t0I> ⁇ t), the closing signal of the open / close valve 67 is closed. Is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 77 to the opening and closing valve 67. As a result, the open / close valve 67 is closed again (STEP 5), and the coolant stored in the reservoir 72 is supplied to the sub-expansion device 73 and the cooler 71. , And is gradually sucked into the compressor 61. Therefore, the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition, and the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases [] to respond to the load. Operation with great ability is resumed.
  • Example 6 the magnitude of the load was determined by the difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 and the set air temperature t0.
  • the simple operation of detecting and opening / closing the open / close valve 67 only detects the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the composition of the cooling medium according to the load. Control.
  • the heat pump device of Embodiment 6 can perform the power control corresponding to the load. Can be obtained.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • the opening / closing valve 67 is closed (STEP1). With the opening / closing valve 67 closed as described above, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 61 becomes the four-way valve 62 and the indoor heat exchange. It flows into the vessel 65 and is condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is diverted into a circuit that flows into the main expansion device 64 and a circuit that flows into the sub-expansion device 68.
  • the coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 68 is slightly depressurized, and the high pressure is slightly lower than the high pressure in the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle.
  • the coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 68 is in a gas-liquid mixed two-phase state.
  • the check valve 69 is configured to flow only from the auxiliary expansion device 68 to the direction of the opening / closing valve 67, and the auxiliary expansion device 68 is opened. It is connected to the bottom of the fractionator 70 via a valve 67. Therefore, the refrigerant can be flowed into the rectifying separator 70 by the opening and closing operation of the opening and closing valve 67.
  • the check valve 66 connected to the outlet side of the check valve 69 is in the opposite direction, so that the coolant passes through the check valve 66. It is not.
  • a load judgment is performed (STEP 2), and the set air temperature t0 of the indoor unit 74 stored in the storage unit 76 is set to the air temperature t0.
  • the difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It- to I> ⁇ t), that is, when the heating load is large
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 67 is transmitted from the operation control device 77 to the opening / closing valve 67. Sent to.
  • the opening / closing valve 67 maintains the closed state.
  • the open / close valve 67 keeps the closed state, the coolant flowing through the main circuit is in a mixed state of the filling composition. In this state, the motor is operated with a large amount of coolant, and the operation is a large-capacity operation suitable for the load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 75 stored in the storage device 75. If the difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 and the suction air temperature t is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (
  • Example 6 the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the cycle is used as the cooling source of the cooler 71. Because it is used, the latent heat of the refrigerant can be used effectively, and not only can the cooler 71 be made smaller, but also the top of the rectifier separator 70. Gas can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the fractionator 70 is cooled and liquefied by the cooler 71, and is gradually stored in the reservoir 72. It is stored in Then, the storage amount of the storage device 72 gradually increases, and the cooling medium returned to the top of the rectification separation device 70 is supplied to the rectification separation device 70. You will be descending.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant system with a high boiling point and a large amount. As a result, the power is reduced.
  • the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 72, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant in t_ is reduced. And low power
  • Example 6 the pressure of the rectifying separator 70 is almost at a high pressure, and the cooling source of the cooler 71 is a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase system. Refrigerant is used.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 6 is designed to reduce the temperature difference between the temperature at the top of the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71. The size can be increased, and the cooler 71 can be reduced in size.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 6 is arranged so that the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 70 can be liquefied reliably, as described above. Judgment of the load (STEP 4) The load has increased and the pi fe cf has been installed in the Li fe device 76.
  • the size of the load is set.
  • the difference between the air temperature t ⁇ and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 is detected, and the open / close valve 67 is opened / closed.
  • the simple operation only controls the cooling of the main circuit.
  • By controlling the amount of medium and cooling medium composition according to the load it is possible to control the power in both the cooling and heating modes. Can be performed reliably and reliably.
  • a sub-expansion device is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger 63 and the check valve 66, and the like.
  • the present invention also includes a configuration for controlling the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing therethrough.
  • FIG. 13 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a control flowchart of the heat pump apparatus of the seventh embodiment.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of Embodiment 6 described above are the same. The description is omitted with a reference sign.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 61, a four-way valve 62, and an outdoor heat exchanger 6. 3, the main expansion device 64, and the indoor heat exchanger 65 are connected in a ring-like manner to form a main circuit for the cooling / freezing cycle.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 is in the middle of piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 that constitutes the main circuit.
  • the branched pipe is connected to a rectifying separator 70 via an opening / closing valve 80.
  • the main circuit connecting the main expansion device 64 and the indoor heat exchanger 65 includes a branch connected to the rectification separator 70. are doing .
  • a sub-expansion device 68 and an opening / closing valve 81 are connected in series.
  • the rectification separator 70 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled therein.
  • the top of the rectifier 70 communicates with the top of the reservoir 72 via a cooler 71, and the bottom of the reservoir 72 is at the top of the rectifier 70. It is in communication with. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 70, the cooler 71, and the reservoir 72 are connected in an annular shape to form a closed circuit.
  • the reservoir 72 is arranged such that its top is higher than the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the cooler 71 is arranged so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 72.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifier 70 and the cooler 71 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifier 70.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the storage device 72 and the top of the rectification separator 70 is provided at the bottom of the rectification separator 70 connected to the side surface of the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the pipe led out of the pipe is connected to a suction pipe to the compressor 61 via a sub-expansion device 73, a cooler 71, and an opening / closing valve 82.
  • the suction pipe to the compressor 61 is a pipe connecting between the compressor 61 and the four-way valve 62.
  • the auxiliary force from the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 is Indirect heat exchange between the cooling medium flowing to the suction pipe of the compressor 61 via the expansion device 73 and the gas-phase cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 70. It is configured to change.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be used as the cooler 71 of the seventh embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 74 of the main circuit is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 65, an indoor temperature sensor 75, and the like.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 75 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74).
  • the arithmetic and control unit 84 to which the signal indicating the measured temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 75 is input is stored in the storage device 83.
  • the set air temperature is compared with the air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75, and the difference between the air temperature and the set air temperature is compared. Judge the size and open / close the valves 80, 81, and 82.
  • the storage device 83 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to the desired value. Next, the storage device 83 is configured as described above.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the operation of the heat pump device of Example 7 with reference to FIGS. 14A and 14B, and FIG. 14 illustrates the heat pump device of Example 7. This is a control flowchart showing the control operation in the pump device.
  • the opening and closing valves 80 and 82 are closed. Stop and open / close valve 81 is opened (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the four-way valve 62 and the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to generate the condensed liquid.
  • the condensed and liquefied cooling medium is radiated to the outside air and is transferred to the main expansion device 64. Inflow.
  • the pressure is reduced to a low pressure and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 65 of the indoor unit 74.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 65 removes heat from the air in the room where the room is installed, performs cooling, and the refrigerant itself is vaporized. Then, the coolant returns again to the compressor 61 through the four-way valve 62.
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 and the storage temperature 83 are recorded in the storage device 83. If the difference from the stored set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (1 t — to I> ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is large.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 80 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 82 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 81 are applied from the operation control device 84 to the opening / closing. Each is sent to the valve.
  • the open / close valve 80 and the open / close valve 82 are closed, and the open / close valve 81 keeps the open state.
  • the open / close valve 80 is closed in the circuit passing through the open / close valve 80 from the middle of the piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63. Therefore, the refrigerant does not flow to the rectifying separator 70.
  • the open / close valve 82 since the open / close valve 82 is closed, the refrigerant flows from the rectifying / separating device 70 through the auxiliary expansion device 73 and the cooling device 71. As a result, it does not flow in the direction of the suction pipe of the compressor 61.
  • the cooling medium in the rectifying / separating device 70, the cooling device 71, and the storage device 72 is a cooling / freezing size.
  • the cooling medium in the rectifying separator 70, the cooling unit 71, and the storage unit 72 only contains superheated gas and is stored. The amount of cooling medium will be almost nil.
  • the open / close valve 80 and the open / close valve 82 are closed, and the open / close valve 81 is in the open state, thereby cooling the main circuit.
  • the medium is a mixed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in a filled state, and is operated in a state where the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is large.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 performs large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor -75 and the storage device 8 3 If the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the above is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (
  • the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 80, 82 are sent from the arithmetic control unit 84, and the opening / closing valves 80, 82 are closed.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 81 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 84, and the opening / closing valve 81 is closed (STEP 3).
  • the two-phase coolant which is being condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 is connected to the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 via an opening / closing valve 80. Inflow. Then, the cooling medium portion of the rectifying separator 70 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 73, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase cooling medium. Flow into 1. In the cooler 71, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is connected to the gas-phase coolant at the top of the fractionator 70. Exchange heat directly.
  • Example 7 the pressure inside the rectifying separator 70 was almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 71 was a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase system. Since the refrigerant is used, the difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71 can be increased. it can . For this reason, in the heat pump device of Example 7, not only can the cooler 71 be made small, but also the rectifying separator 70 can be used. The gas at the top can be reliably liquefied.
  • the coolant flowing out from the bottom of the fractionator 0 is cooled and liquefied in the cooler 71, and is gradually stored in the reservoir 72. .
  • the amount of storage in the reservoir 72 gradually increases, and the cooling medium returns to the top of the rectification separator 70 and goes below the rectification separator 70. It comes down.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling medium liquid descending in the rectifying separator 70 are evacuated in the rectifying separator 70. Liquid contact causes rectification.
  • the cooling medium of the cooling medium composition having a low boiling point and a large amount of cooling medium is gradually stored in the storage device 72.
  • the coolant flowing down the rectifying separator 70 and passing through the sub-expansion device 73 gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the air is sucked into the compressor 61 via the regenerator 71.
  • the coolant flowing in the main circuit gradually becomes a coolant composition with a high boiling point and a large amount, and the power can be controlled according to the load.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced. To a lesser extent, the performance is reduced and the low The operation of the ability is possible.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 7 allows the condensing two-phase refrigerant to flow into the bottom of the rectifying separator 70. With this configuration, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of gas generation and to shorten the time required for separation. Wear .
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 7 since the saturated gas can be flowed into the rectifying separator 70, the discharge gas can be discharged. Compared to introducing superheated gas such as gas, gas liquefaction is easier and separation performance can be improved. .
  • the coolant flowing through the opening / closing valve 80 is in the direction of the sub-expansion device 68 because the opening / closing valve 81 is closed. There is no power to flow to.
  • the load is determined (Step 4), the load increases, and the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 detects the suction. If the difference between the entrapped air temperature t and the set air temperature t0 stored in the storage device 83 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It To I> ⁇ t), the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 80, the opening / closing valve 82 and the opening / discharging signal of the opening / closing valve 81 are from the operation control device 84. Is sent to the open / close valve. As a result, the opening / closing valve 80 and the opening / closing valve 82 are again closed and the opening / closing valve 81 is again opened (STEP 5).
  • the refrigerant stored in the storage device 72 gradually flows through the rectification separator 70, the opening / closing valve 81, and the sub-expansion device 68.
  • the refrigerant flows out to the indoor heat exchanger 65, and the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition.
  • the Lord The amount of coolant in the circuit is increased D, and the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load is restarted.
  • the liquid coolant stored in the reservoir 72 can be discharged to the indoor unit 65 of the main circuit.
  • the latent heat of the liquid coolant can be effectively used in the indoor unit 65, and the cooling capacity can be immediately increased in response to an increase in the load. It is possible to switch to a large operation.
  • the magnitude of the load is reduced by the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74 and the set air temperature.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 80, 81, and 82 by detecting the difference from the temperature and the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit By changing the air condition to a state corresponding to the load, the cooling capacity can be controlled.
  • the flow of the cooling medium flows only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • a high heating capacity is required during the heating operation, such as immediately after the compressor 61 is started, open and close the valves 80 and 82. Close and open the open / close valve 81 (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the four-way valve 62 and the indoor heat exchanger 65 to be condensed and liquefied. .
  • the coolant that condenses and liquefies heats the room.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 65 is divided into a circuit that flows into the main expansion device 64 and a circuit that flows into the sub-expansion device 68. It is.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the sub-expansion device 68 is slightly depressurized, and has a high pressure slightly lower than the high pressure of the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle. Therefore, the coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 68 is in a gas-liquid mixed two-phase state. Further, since the auxiliary expansion device 68 is connected to the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 via the opening / closing valve 81, the opening / closing of the opening / closing valve 81 is performed. Depending on the operation, the cooling medium can control the flow into the rectifying separator 70.
  • the open / close valve 80 connected to the bottom of the fractionator 70 is connected to the piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63. By the operation of opening and closing the opening and closing valve 80, the coolant can be discharged.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the indoor unit 74 stored in the storage device 83 is set to the air temperature to and the temperature sensor 75 If the difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor unit 74 exceeds the predetermined value At (It—toI> ⁇ t),
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 81 and the open / release signal of the open / close valve 80 are transmitted from the operation control device 84 to the open / close valve 81. It is sent to this open / close valve.
  • the opening / closing valves 81 and 82 are closed, and the opening / closing valve 80 maintains the open / closed state, so that the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 65. All are passed through the main expansion device 64 and squeezed to a low pressure, vaporized by the outdoor heat exchanger 63, and then passed through the four-way valve 62. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 61 again.
  • the coolant in the main circuit remains filled and assembled. It is operated in a mixed state and with a large amount of coolant. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 7 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor 75 stored in the storage device 83. If the difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 and the intake air temperature t is less than the specified value ⁇ t, that is, if the heating load is small, The opening / closing signal of the closing valves 81 and 82 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 80 are sent from the operation control device 84, and the opening / closing valves 81 and 82 are opened and released. Then, the opening / closing valve 80 is closed (STEP 3).
  • the two-phase coolant slightly throttled in the sub-expansion device 68 flows through the opening / closing valve 81 and flows into the bottom of the rectification separator 70. Then, a part of the refrigerant flowing into the rectifying separator 70 is depressurized in the sub-expansion device 73 to become a low-temperature two-phase refrigerant. Flow into cooler 71. In this cooler 71, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-reacted with the coolant at the top of the fractionator 70.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 70 is almost high, and the cooling of the cooler 71 is performed.
  • the source is the lowest in the cycle and the lowest temperature and pressure Since a two-phase cooling medium is used, the difference between the temperature at the top of the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71 is increased. And can be done. Accordingly, the heat pump device of Example 7 not only allows the cooler 71 to be configured in a small size, but also the top of the rectification separator 70. The gas in the part can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the fractionator 70 is cooled by the cooler 71, liquefied, and gradually stored in the reservoir 72. Will be stored. Then, the storage amount of the reservoir 72 gradually increases, and the coolant is returned to the top of the rectification separator 70 and the cooling medium returns to the top of the rectification separator 70. Get down.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down in the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling medium liquid descending in the rectifying separator 70 are gas-liquid in the rectifying separator 70. Contact . This gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the storage device 72 gradually stores the low-boiling-point multi-layered cooling medium refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 70 and passing through the sub-expansion device 73 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 61 via the valve 1 and the opening / closing valve 82.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, the performance can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of coolant. In addition, the performance is reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the heat pump device of the seventh embodiment is configured so that the condensing two-phase coolant can be introduced into the bottom of the rectifying separator 70. As a result, it is possible to ensure a sufficient amount of gas generated, and to shorten the time required for separation.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 allows the saturated gas to flow into the rectifying separator 70, so that the discharge gas can be reduced. As compared with the case where such a superheated gas is introduced, liquefaction of the gas becomes easier and the separation performance can be improved.
  • the open / close valve 80 is closed, so the outdoor heat exchanger is not used. 63 No coolant flows in the direction of 3.
  • the load is determined (STEP 4), the load increases, and the set air temperature t stored in the storage device 83 is reached. If the difference between the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 and the indoor air sensor 74 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t, The closing signals of the closing valves 81 and 82 and the opening and closing signals of the opening and closing valve 80 are sent from the operation control device 84 to the corresponding opening and closing valves. As a result, the open / close valves 81 and 82 are closed again and the open / close valve 80 is opened again (STEP 5). The coolant stored in the reservoir 72 flows into the piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63, and is further compressed through the four-way valve 62.
  • the heat pump device of this type can operate with great capacity according to the load.
  • the liquid coolant stored in the reservoir 72 was discharged to the outdoor heat exchanger 63. Since the configuration is such that the heat can be removed, the latent heat of the liquid cooling medium can sufficiently absorb heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 63. Therefore, in response to an increase in the load, it is possible to immediately switch to an operation with a large heating capacity.
  • the magnitude of the load is set and the difference between the air temperature of the indoor unit 74 and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74 is detected, and the opening and closing valves 80, 81 are detected. , 82, can be changed to a state that responds to the load by changing the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the composition of the coolant by simple operations such as opening and closing control.
  • the power control can be performed even in the cooling and heating operation modes.
  • the flow control such as a sub-expansion device between the outdoor heat exchanger 63 and the opening / closing valve 80 is performed. It is also possible to control the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the circuit by the device, and such a configuration is also included in the present invention.
  • the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant to be sealed is a substitute for R 22, and R 32, R 32 If R407C, which is a mixture of three kinds of single coolants of 125 and R134a, is used, coolants with low boiling points R32 and R12 are used. It is possible to increase the difference in boiling point between the refrigerant having a high boiling point R5 and R13a. By using such a cooling medium, the rectification separation performance is not as good as possible if it can be used, and the performance reduction is also large. This makes it possible to perform optimal power control even for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 15 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 8 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed therein, and has a compressor 111, a four-way valve 112, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • Unit 1 13 outdoor main expansion unit 1 14, indoor main expansion unit 1 15, and indoor heat exchanger 1 16
  • the main circuit of the aquarium is configured.
  • the rectification separator 117 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled inside.
  • the top of the fractionation separator 117 is in communication with the top of the reservoir 119 via the cooler 118, and the bottom of the reservoir 119 is purified. It is in communication with the top of fractionator 1 17.
  • the top of the fractionation separator 117, the cooler 118 and the reservoir 119 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. Yes.
  • the bottom of the reservoir 1 19 is connected to the main outdoor expansion device 114 via the open / close valve 123 and the main expansion device 115 inside the room. It is connected to the liquid pipe of the circuit.
  • Reservoir 119 is positioned such that its top is higher than the top of rectifier 117.
  • the cooler 118 is positioned so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 119.
  • the piping is connected to the top opening of the fractionation separator 117 at the top opening.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the storage unit 119 and the top of the rectification separator 117 is connected to the opening formed on the side of the top of the rectification separator 117. It has been.
  • the pipe led out from the bottom of the rectification separator 1 17 is connected to the suction pipe to the compressor 1 1 1 via the auxiliary expansion unit 1 2 2 and the cooler 1 1 8 It has been.
  • the suction pipe to the compressor 11 1 is a pipe connecting between the compressor 11 1 and the four-way valve 11 2.
  • the bottom of the fractionator 117 is connected to the discharge line of the compressor 111 via the auxiliary expansion device 120 and the opening / closing valve 122.
  • the discharge pipe of the compressor 11 1 is a pipe connecting between the compressor 11 1 and the four-way valve 1 12.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 1 17 to the suction pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 via the auxiliary expansion device 1 2 2 and the rectifying separator The indirect heat exchange with the gaseous phase refrigerant at the top of step 117 is configured.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be adopted as the cooler 111 of the eighth embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 1 24 of the main circuit has an indoor heat exchanger 1 16, an indoor main expansion unit 115, and an indoor temperature sensor 125.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 125 detects the indoor air temperature (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 124).
  • the arithmetic and control unit 1 27 to which the signal indicating the measured temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is input is the setting stored in the storage unit 126.
  • the air temperature is compared with the air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125, and the air temperature and the set air temperature are compared. Determine the magnitude of the difference from the temperature, and open / close the open / close valves 12 1 and 12 3.
  • the storage device 126 stores a preset air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • Reference numeral 16 denotes a control flow chart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment.
  • the load is determined (STEP 2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the storage device stored in the storage device 126 If the difference from the constant air temperature t 0 exceeds the predetermined value At (
  • the closing signal of No. 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 127.
  • the open / close valve 12 1 and the open / close valve 123 maintain the closed state (STEP 1). That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 1 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 1 17 passes through the auxiliary expansion device 1 2 2 to the compressor 1 1 2 Because it is connected to the suction pipe of No. 1, the inside of the rectifying separator 117, the cooling unit 118, and the inside of the reservoir 119 are low-pressure gas. Very little refrigerant is stored.
  • the coolant in the main circuit was mixed as it was in the filled configuration. It is a non-azeotropic mixture coolant, and is operated in a state of a large amount of coolant, and can perform large-capacity operation suitable for load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is stored as t.
  • the difference from the set air temperature to stored in device 1 26 is less than or equal to the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), ie, cooling
  • At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t) ie, cooling
  • a signal to close the open / close valve 12 1 and open / close the open / close valve 123 is transmitted from the operation control device 127. It is.
  • the open / close valve 122 is closed and the open / close valve 123 is opened (STEP 3). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP 4).
  • the heat pump device of Example 8 has a high density. Large liquids or two-phase coolants can be stored directly in the reservoir 1 19 In this case, the main circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant, and the cooling capacity can be reduced or reduced in a short time.
  • a signal for opening / closing the opening / closing valve 12 1 and closing the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control means 12 27 to the opening / closing valve 1 21. 2 1
  • the force is released and the open / close valve 1 2 3 is closed (STEP 5).
  • a part of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is diverted from the discharge pipe of the compressor 11 1, passes through the opening / closing valve 12 1, and flows into the sub-expansion device.
  • the pressure is reduced by the unit 120.
  • the gas coolant depressurized by the sub-expansion device 120 flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117 and rises in the rectifier separator 117.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and liquefied in the cooling device 118.
  • the liquid coolant that has exited the reservoir 118 is stored in the reservoir 119, and the liquid refrigerant that has been stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the reservoir 119.
  • the cooling medium at the top of the rectifier separator 117 descends inside the rectifier separator 117 and the sub-expansion device 1 2 extends from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 2.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 1 2 2 passes through the cooler 1 1 8 and passes between the compressor 11 1 1 and the four-way valve 1 1 2. Flow into the suction pipe of compressor 1 1 1. At this time, in the cooler 118, the low-temperature two-phase coolant depressurized by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the rectification separator 117 are provided. The gas refrigerant flowing into the cooler 1 18 exchanges heat indirectly. .
  • the lowest enthalpy low temperature and low pressure during the refrigeration cycle was observed. Since the two-phase cooling medium of (1) is used as the cooling source of the cooling apparatus (11), the latent heat of the cooling medium can be used effectively. Not only can the mold be used, but also the gas at the top of the rectification separator 117 can be reliably drained.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing in from the bottom of the rectification separator 117 is cooled and liquefied by the cooler 118, and is then liquefied. Stored in 9. Then, it returns to the top of the fractionator 117 again, and descends the fractionator 117.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectification separator 117 and the liquid cooling medium falling in the rectification separator 117 are in the rectification separator 117.
  • the gas-liquid contact causes the rectification to occur, and the reservoir 119 gradually stores a low-boiling-point cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 117 and passing through the auxiliary expansion device 122 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and is cooled.
  • Compressor 111 is sucked through compressor 118.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the cooling capacity can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. As a result, the performance is further reduced, and a low power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the load is judged (STEP 6).
  • the cooling load becomes large, and the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 125 is increased.
  • the difference between the intake air temperature t of the internal unit 12 4 and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 12 6 is the predetermined value. If ⁇ t is exceeded (It ⁇ to I> ⁇ t), the open / close signal of the open / close valve 123 is transmitted from the operation control device 127 to open.
  • the closing valve 123 is opened again (STEP 7).
  • the state in which the opening / closing valve 123 is opened is maintained for a fixed time (T2) (STEP 8).
  • T2 fixed time
  • the coolant stored in the storage device 119 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 1 2 1 and 1 2 3 are transmitted from the operation control device 127, and the opening / closing valves 1 2 1 and the opening / closing valves are transmitted. 1 2 3 is closed
  • the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment is capable of changing the magnitude of the load according to the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 124 and the set air temperature.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value), to is the set temperature set by the user, and ⁇ t is the preset room temperature and set value.
  • T is the time from the start of the second state (2) of opening and closing valve operation
  • T1 is the setting time 1
  • the retention time of the second state (2) of the preset opening / closing valve operation is set, and T2 is the setting time 2 (the preset opening time).
  • This is the fourth state (4) of the valve closing operation (retention time).
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 121: closed, and the state of the opening / closing valve 123: closed.
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is an opening / closing valve 121: closed and an opening / closing valve 122: open.
  • the third state (3) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 121: open, and the opening / closing valve 122: closing.
  • the fourth state (4) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 123: open state.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the refrigerant is further reduced to a pressure near the suction pressure in the compressor 1 1 1 and a low-pressure two-phase. It becomes a coolant.
  • the depressurized low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the outdoor heat exchanger 113 and is sent to the compressor 111 via the four-way valve 112. It will be sucked again.
  • Step 2 the air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the storage unit 126 are stored in the storage device 126. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value At, that is, if the heating load is large, open it.
  • the closing signals of the closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 127. As a result, the open / close valve 12 1 and the open / close valve 12 3 are closed, and the state is maintained (STEP 1). That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 1 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the sub-expansion device 122 is connected to the suction piping of the compressor 111. Since they are connected, the inside of the rectifying separator 117, the cooling unit 118, and the storage unit 119 become low-pressure gas and store the cooling medium. There are few tomes.
  • Example 8 since the operation described above was performed, the cooling medium in the main circuit was a mixed non-azeotropic cooling medium without filling. It is operated with a large amount of cooling medium. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 8 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the storage device stored in the storage device 126 When the absolute value of the difference from the constant air temperature t0 is less than the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ mt), that is, when the heating load is small.
  • ⁇ t It1 to I ⁇ mt
  • the signal to be released is transmitted from the operation control device 127.
  • the open / close valve 12 1 is closed, and the open / close valve 12 3 is opened (STEP 3).
  • Example 8 The state in which the opening / closing valve 12 1 is closed and the opening / closing valve 12 3 is opened is maintained for a fixed time (T 1) (ST 4). .
  • T 1 a liquid refrigerant having a large density or a two-phase refrigerant was directly stored in the reservoir 1 19. Can be stored at For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 8 is operated in a state where the amount of coolant is small in the main circuit, and the reduction of the heating capacity is reduced for a short time. Between the two.
  • the arithmetic and control unit 1 27 sends a signal to open and close the open / close valve 1 21 and close the open / close valve 1 2 3 to the corresponding open / close valve. .
  • the open / close valve 1 2 1 is opened and the open / close valve 1 2 3 is closed (STEP 5), whereby the high-pressure gas from the discharge pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 1 is opened.
  • a part of the air is diverted, passed through an open / close valve 121, and sent to a sub-expansion device 120.
  • the gas refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 120 flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117, and flows through the rectifier separator 117. To rise .
  • the cooling medium that has risen inside the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and liquefied by the cooling device 118.
  • the liquid coolant is stored in the storage device 119, and the liquid coolant that has been stored earlier is purified from the bottom of the storage device 119 by the rectification. It is returned to the top of the separator 1 17.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends in the rectifier separator 117, and the sub-expansion device is provided from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 1 2 2.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the device 122 passes through the cooler 118 and is suction-distributed between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. Pour into pipe. At this time, in the cooler 118, the top of the low-temperature two-phase coolant depressurized by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the fractionator 117 is reduced. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant that has flowed into the cooler 118.
  • Example 8 In the heat pump device of Example 8, a low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the cooling cycle was cooled. Since it is used as a cold B source of 118, it is possible to effectively use the latent heat of the coolant for U-U and to reduce the size of the cooler 118. In addition, the gas refrigerant at the top of the fractionator 117 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 117 is cooled by the cooler 118 to be liquefied, and is gradually liquefied. It is stored in 19. Then, the storage amount of the storage device 119 gradually increases, and returns to the top of the rectification separation device 117 again.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectification separator 117 falls down the rectification separator 117.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectification separator 117 and the liquid cooling medium falling in the rectification separator 117 are in the rectification separator 117. Gas-liquid contact with.
  • This gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 119 gradually stores the refrigerant of the low-boiling-point multi-layer cooling medium composition. Then, the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 117 and passing through the sub-expansion device 122 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 111 through the cooler 118.
  • the main circuit since the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, the performance can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. In addition, the power is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the magnitude of the load is set as the suction air volume of the indoor unit 124, / dish z. Detects the difference from the constant air y ⁇ X im, and opens and closes valves 1 2 1 and 1 2 3
  • the simple operation of controlling the opening and closing of the chiller makes it possible to change the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition to a state corresponding to the load. . For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 8 can perform appropriate power control according to the state of the load.
  • FIG. 17 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment.
  • components having the same functions and configurations as those in Embodiment 8 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Omitted.
  • the heat pump device of Example 9 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 111, a four-way valve 112, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • Unit 1 13 outdoor main expansion unit 1 28, indoor main expansion unit 1 29, and indoor heat exchanger 1 16
  • the main circuit of the aquarium is configured.
  • the rectification separator 117 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled inside.
  • the top of the fractionation separator 117 is connected to the top of the reservoir 119 via the cooler 118, and the bottom of the reservoir 119 is connected to the bottom. It is in communication with the top of fraction separator 1 17. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 117, the cooler 118 and the reservoir 119 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. ing .
  • the bottom of the reservoir 1 19 is connected to the outdoor main expansion device via an opening / closing valve 123. It is connected to the liquid pipe of the main circuit that passes between the main expansion device 12 and the indoor expansion device 12 9.
  • the outdoor main expansion device 1 28 has a configuration that can be fully closed, and the indoor main expansion device 1 29 is also a configuration that can be fully closed.
  • the outdoor main expansion unit 1228 and the indoor main expansion unit 1229 are opened and closed by the operation control unit 131, to which the storage unit 130 is connected. It is configured to be
  • the storage device 130 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • the operation control device 13 1 has determined the operating state of the compressor 11 1 and the throttle opening of the outdoor main expansion devices 1 28, 1 29.
  • the operation control device 13 1 is detected by the set air temperature and the indoor temperature sensor 12 5 stored in the storage device 13 30.
  • the air temperature is compared with the calculated air temperature, and based on the result of the comparison, the open / close valves 12 1 and 12 3 are opened / closed.
  • the operation control device 13 1 controls the throttle opening of the main expansion devices 12 8 and 12 9 inside and outside the room.
  • the heat pump device of Example 9 is configured as described above, and the other components are the heat pump device of Example 8 described above. It is the same as the device.
  • Reference numeral 18 denotes a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment.
  • the open / close valve 12 1 and the open / close valve 12 3 are discharged from the compressor 11 1 in a closed state.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant passes through the four-way valve 112, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 113, and is condensed to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the high-pressure liquid coolant is reduced to a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure in the outdoor main expansion device 128, and then the indoor main expansion is performed.
  • the indoor heat exchange is performed.
  • the vaporized refrigerant in the compressor 11 16 is again sucked into the compressor 11 1 through the four-way valve 11 2.
  • the load is determined in the cold-freezing cycle as described above (STEP 2), and the indoor unit 1 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 1 25 is used.
  • the open / close valve 1 2 1 and the open / close valve 1 2 3 are maintained in the closed state. (Step 1).
  • the cooling medium discharged from the compressor 11 1 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the rectification separator 117 is connected to the sub-expansion device 122 and the cooling device. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 1 via the 1 1 8, the rectification separator 1 1 7, the cooler 1 1 8, and the storage The inside of the vessel 119 becomes low-pressure gas and there is almost no storage of coolant.
  • the coolant in the main circuit was mixed as it was in the filled configuration. It is a non-azeotropic refrigerant, and is operated in a state with a large amount of refrigerant. As a result, the heat pump apparatus according to the ninth embodiment can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • a load judgment is performed in STEP2 (STEP2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 1 24 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 1 25 and the setting stored in the storage device 130 If the absolute value of the difference from the air temperature to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, if the cooling load is small, As a result, a signal for closing the opening / closing valve 12 1 and opening / closing the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 13 1, resulting in the opening / closing valve.
  • 1 2 1 is in the closed state
  • the open / close valve 1 2 3 is in the open state (STEP 3). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP4).
  • the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment can reduce the cooling capacity in a short time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening / closing valve 12 1 and closing the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 13 1.
  • Open / close valve 1 2 1 is opened and open / close valve 1 2 3 is closed (STE P 5)
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant is diverted from the discharge pipe of the compressor 11 1 and flows to the open / close valve 122.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the opening / closing valve 12 1 is decompressed by the sub-expansion device 120, flows into the bottom of the rectification separator 117, and enters the rectification separator 117. Ascending.
  • the refrigerant that has risen inside the rectifying separator 117 flows into the cooler 118.
  • the liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 118 is stored in the reservoir 119, and the liquid refrigerant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 111.
  • the refrigerant returned to the rectification separator 1 17 descends in the rectification separator 1 17, and flows through the rectification separator 1 17.
  • the two-phase refrigerant decompressed in the sub-expansion device 1 2 2 passes through the cooler 1 1 8 and passes through the compressor 1 1 1 between the compressor 1 1 1 and the four-way valve 1 1 2. 11 Flow into the suction pipe 1.
  • Device 1 3 1 detects that compressor 1 1 1 has stopped.
  • a signal for completely closing 1 2 8 and the indoor main expansion device 1 2 9 is transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 13 1.
  • the outdoor main inflation device 122 and the indoor main inflation device 122 are the main inflation device operation in the first state (1) in which they are completely closed (STEP 8). ).
  • the main circuit is separated into a high pressure side and a low pressure side.
  • the gas refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 120 enters the bottom of the rectification separator 117 and rises in the rectification separator 117. .
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying fraction 1 5 1 17 flows into the cooling device 1 18, where it is condensed and liquefied in the cooling device 1 18. .
  • the liquid coolant is stored in a reservoir 119, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is separated from the bottom of the reservoir 119 by a rectifying fraction. Return to the top of vessel 1 17.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends the rectifier separator 117, and the sub-expansion device 1 extends from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 2 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 passes through the cooler 118 until the low-pressure side pressure and the high-pressure side pressure are balanced. Then, it flows out to the suction pipe of the compressor 111 between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. At this time, in the cooler 118, the sub-expansion device
  • a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the freezing cycle is used as the cooling source of the cooler 118. Therefore, the latent heat can be effectively used, and the cooler 118 can be configured to be small. Not only that, the gas at the top of the fractionator 117 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing in from the bottom of the rectifying separator 117 is cooled and liquefied in the cooler 118. It is stored in the storage device 1 19. Then, the refrigerant stored in the storage device 119 returns to the top of the rectification separator 117 again and descends down the rectification separator 117. To become savvy. When this condition occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectification separator 117 and the liquid cooling medium falling in the rectification separator 117 are in the rectification separator 117. Gas-liquid contact with. This gas-liquid contact causes rectification to occur and the reservoir
  • a low-boiling-point cooling medium composed of multiple cooling mediums is gradually stored.
  • the rectification separator 1 17 is moved down to the auxiliary expansion device 1.
  • the cold ⁇ passing through 22 gradually becomes a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition, and is sucked into the compressor 1 11 via the cooler 1 18.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition, so that the performance is reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. In addition, the power is further reduced, and the load can be operated at a low power for a long time. In the heat pump apparatus of Example 9, the compressor was not used during the rectification separation operation.
  • the air-conditioning load increases and the indoor air temperature detected by indoor temperature sensor 1 2 5 1 2 4 Intake air temperature t 2 and storage device 1 If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to which is set to SC 1 tod in 30 exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (it — to I> ⁇ t), the compressor 1 1 If 1 is in operation (STEP 1
  • the open / close valve 1 2 3 release signal is the operation control device 1 3 1 Is transmitted from As a result, the open / close valve 123 is again opened (STEP 12).
  • the operation control device 13 1 judges the operation state of the compressor (STEP 10) after judging the load (STEP 9).
  • the stop of the compressor 1 11 was detected.4
  • the throttle opening of the main expansion devices 1 288 and 1 229 was set. (STEP 1 1).
  • the operation of the main expansion device is in the second state (2), and the outdoor main expansion device 128 has the first set opening 1.
  • the indoor main expansion device 12 9 has the second setting opening degree 2.
  • the opening / closing valve 123 is opened and released, and is stored in the reservoir 119 by opening and closing the opening / closing valve 123.
  • the coolant flows out to the main circuit.
  • a closing signal of the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 13 1, and the opening / closing is performed.
  • Valve 1 2 1 and open / close valve 1 2 3 are closed.
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 124 in accordance with the magnitude of the load.
  • Open / close valves 12 1 and 12 3 are controlled to open / close by detecting the difference from the air temperature.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the ninth embodiment is configured such that the amount of the cooling medium in the main circuit and the composition of the cooling medium are adapted to the load by a simple operation. Can change to a state and perform power control.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value), and to is The set temperature set by the user, ⁇ t is the temperature difference (predetermined value) between the preset room temperature and the set temperature, and T is the second time of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • T1 is the set time 1 (the second state (2) of the preset opening and closing valve operation). Hold time)
  • T2 is set time 2 (the hold time of the fourth state (4) of the preset opening / closing valve operation).
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 121: closed, and the state of the opening / closing valve 123: closed.
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is an opening / closing valve 121: closed, and an opening / closing valve 122: open.
  • the third state (3) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state of opening / closing valve 121: open, opening / closing valve 122: closing.
  • the fourth state (4) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 123: open state.
  • the first state (1) of the main expansion device operation is that the outdoor main expansion device 128 is fully closed and the indoor main expansion device 129 is all closed. It is in a closed state.
  • the second state (2) of the main expansion device operation is that the outdoor main expansion device 1 28 has the first set opening degree 1 and the indoor main expansion device 1 2 9 is the second setting opening 2.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • Load determination is performed in such a freeze cycle (STEP 1). Difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 130 If the absolute value exceeds the specified value At (
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the rectification separator 1 17 is connected via the sub-expansion device 1 22 and the _cooler 1 18. Because it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 111, the inside of the rectifying separator 117, the cooler 118, and the reservoir 119 are low pressure gas. There is very little storage of refrigerant.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 9 is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in which the refrigerant in the main circuit is in the form of a charged mixture. It is operated with a large amount of cooling medium and can operate with a large capacity suitable for the load.
  • Example 9 by operating as described above, the dense liquid or the two-phase refrigerant was directly transferred to the reservoir 1 19. It can be stored, and in the main circuit, it is operated with a small amount of refrigerant, so that the power can be reduced or reduced in a short time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening and closing valve 12 1 and a signal for closing the opening and closing valve 12 3 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 13 1, and are opened.
  • Closing valve 1 2 1 is opened and opening and closing valve 1 2 3 is closed
  • the condensed liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 119, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the reservoir 119.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends in the rectifier separator 117 and the sub-expansion device 1 from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117 Flow into 1 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 passes through the cooler 118 and passes between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. Flow into the suction piping of the compressor 1 1 1.
  • the operation control device detects that the compressor 11 1 has stopped (STEP 6), and the main expansion devices 1 282 and 1 292 are not fully closed. If this is detected (STEP 7), the signal to fully close the outdoor main expansion device 1 28 and the indoor main expansion device 1 2 9 is calculated by the operation control device 1. 3 Sent from 1. As a result, the outdoor main inflation device 122 and the indoor main inflation device 122 are completely closed (STEP 8).
  • the main circuit is separated into a high pressure side and a low pressure side.
  • the refrigerant on the high pressure side passes through the opening / closing valve 121 and is reduced in pressure in the sub-expansion device 120.
  • This depressurized gas refrigerant flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117, and the rectifier separator 117 Go up inside.
  • the cooling medium which has risen in the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and condensed in the cooling device 118. .
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied is stored in the storage device 119, and the liquid cooling medium stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the storage device 119.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 falls down inside the rectifier separator 117, and the sub-expansion device 1 2 extends from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 is passed through the cooler 118 until the low-pressure side pressure and the high-pressure side pressure are balanced. Overflows into the suction pipe of the compressor 111 between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 111. At this time, in the cooler 118, the top of the low-temperature two-phase cooling medium depressurized by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the fractionator 117 is provided. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant that has flowed into the cooler 118.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the freezing cycle is used as the cooler. Since it is used as a cooling source of 118, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used for ij, and the cooling device 118 can only be reduced in size. In addition, the gas refrigerant at the top of the fractionator 117 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 117 is cooled and liquefied in the cooling device 118, and is then liquefied. It is stored in 19. As a result, the storage amount of the storage unit 119 gradually increases, and the cooling medium of the storage unit 119 is re-separated to the rectification separation unit. Return to the top of 1 17 and lower the rectifier 1 17. When this state occurs continuously, the gas refrigerant flowing upward and downward in the rectification separator 117 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectification separator 117 are in the rectification separator 117. Gas-liquid contact with.
  • This gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 119 gradually stores the refrigerant of the low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 117 and passing through the sub-expansion device 122 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 1 11 via the cooler 1 1 1.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount of the cooling medium, thereby reducing the performance. can do .
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and as a result, the amount of coolant is reduced.
  • the performance can be reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 9 even if the compressor 11 is stopped during the rectification separation operation, the cycle is kept in the cycle. The rectification separation operation can be continued until the pressure is balanced.
  • the load is determined (STEP 9), the heating load increases, and the indoor unit 1 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is used.
  • the open / close signal of the open / close valve 123 is transmitted from the operation control device 1321.
  • the open / close valve 123 is again opened (STEP 12).
  • the operation state of the compressor (STEP 10). If the stop of the compressor 11 is detected in STEP 10, the throttle opening of the main expansion devices 1, 2, 9 is set. (STEP 1 1).
  • step 12 open and close the open / close valve 123.
  • the coolant stored in the storage unit 119 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 13 1, and the opening / closing is performed.
  • Valve 1 2 1 and open / close valve 1 2 3 are closed.
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 124 in accordance with the magnitude of the load.
  • the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment can be appropriately adapted to the load by changing the coolant amount and the coolant composition of the main circuit.
  • the compressor was not described in detail.However, in each of the embodiments, a constant-speed pressure was not applied. Not only the compressor but also a compressor having a power control means such as an extreme variable compressor or a cylinder nose path, or an inverter.
  • the variable speed compressor can be used overnight, and the details of the opening and closing valves in each of the above embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
  • the non-azeotropic mixture to be sealed is a substitute for R22 as the non-azeotropic mixture.
  • R32, R125, and R134a a mixture of three single refrigerants, R407C, can be used to produce a low boiling point refrigerant R. It is possible to increase the difference in boiling point between 32 and R125 and the high-temperature refrigerant R1334a having a boiling point.
  • the use of a cooling medium as described above not only benefits the rectification separation performance, but also greatly reduces the performance. As a result, optimal performance control is possible for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 19 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment.
  • a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is sealed, and a compressor 211, a four-way valve 211, an outdoor heat exchanger is provided.
  • the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle is configured by connecting the piping.
  • the rectifying separator 217 is filled with a packing material (not shown) inside. It consists of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction.
  • the top of the rectifying separator 217 communicates with the top of the reservoir 219 via the cooler 218, and the bottom of the rectifier 217 is connected to the bottom of the rectifier 217. It communicates with the top of the fraction separator 217. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 217, the cooler 218, and the reservoir 219 are connected in an annular shape to form a closed circuit. ing .
  • the bottom of the reservoir 2 19 is connected to the main outdoor expansion device 2 14 and the main indoor expansion device 2 15 via an open / close valve 2 24. It is connected to the liquid pipe of the circuit.
  • Example 10 the cooler 218 is located at the top of the rectifier separator 117 and higher than the top of the reservoir 219. ing .
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifying separator 217 to the cooler 218 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifying separator 217. It is.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the reservoir 21 to the top of the rectifier separator 17 is connected to the side surface of the top of the rectifier separator 17. ing .
  • the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 211 via a sub-expansion device 220 and an opening / closing valve 221. It has been.
  • the discharge pipe of the compressor 2 11 is a pipe connecting the ⁇ discharge section of the compressor 2 11 and the four-way valve 21 2.
  • the bottom of the fractionator 21 17 is sucked into the compressor 21 1 through the auxiliary expansion device 22 2, the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 22 3.
  • the suction pipe of the compressor 211 is a pipe connecting the suction part of the compressor 211 and the four-way valve 211.
  • the cooler 218 includes a refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 217 to the opening / closing valve 223 via the sub-expansion device 223 and a rectifying / separating device.
  • the heat exchanger is indirectly configured to exchange heat with the coolant at the top of the vessel 21. It is possible to use a double-pipe structure as the cooler 218.
  • the indoor unit 2 25 connected to the main circuit includes the indoor main expansion device 2 15, the indoor heat exchanger 2 16, and the indoor temperature sensor 2 2 It has 6 mag.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 222 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 222).
  • An outdoor temperature sensor 227 is installed near the outdoor heat exchanger 211. This outdoor temperature sensor 2 27 is a temperature sensor that detects the outdoor air temperature, and the outdoor heat exchanger 21 3 It is installed in the recess.
  • Example 10 In the heat pump device of Example 10, the storage device 2 was used.
  • the operation control device 2 2 9 is a compressor 2
  • the operation control device 2 29 includes the operation state of the compressor 2 11 1 and the storage device.
  • FIG. 20 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the embodiment 10. As shown in FIG.
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the indoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 226 The air-conditioning load is predicted from the temperature and the set temperature stored in the storage device 228 (STEP 1). At this time, if it is determined that the predicted load Lo is large compared to the preset load reference value Ls (Lo). ⁇ L s), close the open / close valve 2 21 and the open / close valve 2 24, and open / close the open / close valve 2 23 (STEP 2). At this time, if the liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 21, the liquid coolant flows out to the main circuit, and only the gas coolant remains. .
  • Open / close valve 2 2 1 and open / close valve 2 2 4 are closed, and open / close valve 2 2
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 2 11 1 is supplied to the four-way valve 2.
  • the main inflation device 2 After passing through 12, it flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 2 13 and is condensed to become a high-pressure liquid coolant. Then, the high-pressure liquid coolant is supplied to the outdoor main expansion device 2 14 at a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor 2 1 1. After the pressure is reduced in the room, the main inflation device 2
  • the pressure is further reduced to the low-pressure two-phase coolant near the suction pressure. Thereafter, the refrigerant vaporized by the indoor heat exchanger 216 is sucked into the compressor 211 again through the four-way valve 211. It is.
  • the load is determined in the cold-freeze cycle as described above (STEP 3), and the indoor unit 2 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 2 26 is used.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the intake air temperature t of 25 and the set air temperature t 0 stored in the storage device 2 28 exceeds the predetermined value At. In this case (It-to-I> ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is large, the state of STEP 2 is maintained. In other words, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 211 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the open / close valve 2.2 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are closed, the open / close valve 22 3 is opened, and the rectifying separator 2 17 is Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 2 11 via the expansion device 2 2 2 and the cooler 2 18, the rectification separator 2 17 is cooled.
  • the inside of the storage unit 218 and the storage unit 219 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic cooling medium without filling.
  • the heat pump device of Example 10 has a large capacity suitable for a load. Rehearsal operation is possible.
  • the load is determined in STEP 3.
  • STEP 3 write the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 22 8. If the absolute value of the difference from the stored set air temperature t0 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It-tol ⁇ At), that is, the cooling load Is smaller, close the open / close valve 2 21 and open / close valve 2 2 3 A signal for stopping and opening / closing the opening / closing valve 222 is transmitted from the arithmetic control unit 222. As a result, the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are in the closed state, and the open / close valve 22 4 is in the open / release state (STEP 4).
  • This state is referred to as a second state (2) of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP 5).
  • T1 period of time
  • a liquid with a large density or a two-phase refrigerant can be directly connected. It can be stored in the storage device 2 19, and the main circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant.
  • the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment can reduce the power in a short period of time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 3 and closing the opening / closing valve 22 4 is transmitted to the operation control device 2.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are opened and the open / close valve 22 4 is closed.
  • This state is the third state (3) of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • a part of the high-pressure gas is diverted from the discharge pipe of the compressor 21 1, passes through the opening / closing valve 22 1, and is supplied to the sub-expansion device 2 2 Depressurized at zero.
  • the depressurized gas refrigerant flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 and rises in the rectifying separator 217.
  • the coolant that has risen in the rectifying separator 217 flows into the cooler 218.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 218 is stored in the reservoir 219, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 219.
  • Return to rectification separator 2 17 The cooling medium descends in the rectifying / separating device 2 17 and flows into the sub-expansion device 222 from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 217.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 22 2 passes through the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 2 23 to be compressed by the compressors 2 1 1 and 4 2. Flow into the suction pipe of the compressor 2 11 that connects between the two-way valve 2 1 2.
  • the top of the low-temperature two-phase cryogen cooled by the sub-expansion device 222 and the rectifying separator 217 is removed. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 218.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the cooling / freezing cycle is used as the cooler. Since it is used as a cooling source of 218, latent heat can be effectively used for IJ, and the chiller 218 can be reduced in size. The gas at the top of the fractionator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 19. Then, the liquid coolant of the storage device 219 is returned to the top of the rectification separator 217 again, and descends down the rectification separator 217.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 217 are in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact with. Due to this gas-liquid contact, a rectification operation occurs, and a cooling medium of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition is gradually stored in the storage device 219.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 2 17 and passing through the sub-expansion device 2 22 gradually becomes a refrigerant having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the performance can be reduced.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 219, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced.
  • the power is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • Step 7 the operation of the compressor 211 is determined. If it is determined in S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 7 that the compressor is operating, the negative judgment is maintained while maintaining the status of STEP 6. (Step 8). If the cooling load is determined to be small (It-toI ⁇ t) in STEP8, the state of S ⁇ P6 is maintained.
  • the opening and closing valves 2 2 1 and 2 2 4 are opened and closed.
  • the coolant stored in the storage device 219 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 22 9, and the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 21 24 is closed (STEP 2). Since the opening and closing valves 221, 224 are controlled to open and close in this way, the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases in a short time, and The main circuit returned to a high-performance filling configuration, and the heat pump device of Example 10 resumed high-power operation in response to the load. .
  • the open / close valve 221, the open / close valve 223, and the open / close valve are determined.
  • the closing signal of valve 2 24 is sent from operation control device 2 29, and open / close valve 2.2 1, open / close valve 2 2 3, and open / close valve 2 2 4 are It is closed (STEP 11).
  • This state is the fifth state (5) of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • the operation judgment of the compressor 211 is performed (STEP 12). If it is determined in STEP 12 that the compressor 21 is stopped, the state of STEP 11 is maintained. On the other hand, if it is determined that the compressor 211 is operating, the valve opening and closing operation of STEP 6 is performed, and the operation of the re-starting operation and the rectifying and separating operation is performed. Start rolling.
  • the compressor 2 1 1 is operated during the operation of the rectification separation. Even when is stopped, the refrigerant stored in the storage unit 219 does not flow out to the main circuit. As a result, even in the above-described situation, the cooling just before the compressor 2 11 stops. Since the coolant composition ratio is maintained and the separation operation can be restarted from the coolant composition ratio, the heat pump device of Example 10 is used. In other words, the time required to complete the separation can be shortened.
  • the predicted load L0 is smaller than the preset load reference value Ls. If it is determined that L o ⁇ L s, the load state at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 13).
  • the load is determined (STEP 16), and if the load is still determined to be below the specified value (It-toi ⁇ ⁇ t), STEP 1 is executed.
  • the heat pump device is operated while maintaining the state of 4.
  • the low-boiling coolant separated in the previous operation is operated in a state of being held in the reservoir 219, and the load is reduced.
  • Driving resumes with a suitable small capacity it can .
  • the step 2 The operation shifts to the valve closing operation (first state (1)), and the coolant in the reservoir 219 is discharged to the main circuit.
  • the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant which is in a state of charged and assembled, flows into the main circuit instantaneously, and the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. It is done.
  • the heat pump device of Example 10 can quickly perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment uses the air-conditioner of the indoor unit 225 to determine whether the load is large or small.
  • the main operation is detected by detecting the difference between the open and close valves 22 1, 22 3, and 22 4 and opening and closing the open and close valves 22 4. It is possible to change the amount of coolant in the road and the composition of the coolant into a state corresponding to the load. Therefore, the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment can appropriately control the power in accordance with the load state.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value), to is the set temperature set by the user, and ⁇ t is the preset room temperature and set value.
  • T is the measurement time
  • T1 is the set time 1 (the second state of the preset opening and closing valve operation) (2)
  • T2 is the set time 2 (the 4th state (4) of the preset opening / closing valve operation) (T3).
  • Is the setting time 3 (the holding time of the preset 6th state (6) of opening and closing valve operation)
  • L0 is the load forecast reference value measurement.
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is as follows: opening / closing valve 221: closed, opening / closing valve 22: open, opening / closing valve 22: closed. is there .
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 21: closed, the opening / closing valve 23: closed, and the opening / closing valve 22: open.
  • the third state (3) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: open, open / close valve 22: open, and open / close valve 22: closed.
  • the fourth state (4) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: open, open / close valve 22: closed, and open / close valve 22: open.
  • the fifth state (5) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: closed.
  • the sixth state (6) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: closed, open / close valve 22: closed, open / close valve 22: closed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the outdoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 226 are detected. Prediction of the air-conditioning load is performed based on the room temperature and the five or five temperatures stored in the storage device 222 (STEP 1).
  • the predicted load L 0 is larger than the preset load reference value L s (L o ⁇ L If it is determined to be s), the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are closed, and the open / close valve 22 3 is opened (STEP 2).
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 211 passes through the four-way valve 211 and the indoor heat exchanger 211. It flows into 6 and is condensed.
  • the condensed coolant that has become a high-pressure liquid coolant is reduced by the main expansion device 2 15 in the chamber to a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure. It is done.
  • the intermediate-pressure refrigerant is further reduced to a low pressure near the suction pressure by the outdoor main expansion device 214.
  • the refrigerant reduced in pressure to the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the outdoor heat exchanger 21, and passed through the four-way valve 21 2. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 211 again.
  • the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are closed, the opening / closing valve 22 3 is opened, and the rectifying separator 2 17 is compressed. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of unit 211, rectification separation The inside of the heat exchanger 2 17, the cooler 2 18, and the reservoir 2 19 becomes a low-pressure gas and hardly stores the coolant.
  • the heat pump device Since the open / close valves 22 1 and 22 4 are closed and the open / close valve 22 3 is opened in this way, the heat pump device is connected to the main circuit. Is a mixed non-azeotropic cooling medium in a filled state, and is operated in a state of a large amount of the cooling medium. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 10 can perform a large operation with a capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined at STEP 3, and the suction of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor -226 is performed.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying / separating device 217 flows into the cooling device 218, and is condensed and liquefied by the cooling device 218.
  • the condensed liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 211, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the reservoir 211.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifying separator 2 17 descends in the rectifying separator 2 17, and the sub-expansion device 2 extends from the bottom of the rectifying separator 2 17. It flows into 2 and is decompressed.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 22 2 passes through the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 2 23 to the compressor 2 11 1. Flow into the suction piping of the compressor 211 connected to the four-way valve 211.
  • the top of the low-temperature two-phase cryogen cooled by the sub-expansion device 222 and the rectifying separator 217 is removed. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 218.
  • the cooling and freezing cycle Since low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy is used as the cooling source for cooler 218, latent heat is effective. Not only can the refrigeration system be used for germs and the size of the cooler 218 can be reduced, but also the gas at the top of the rectification separator 217 can be liquefied reliably.
  • the gas coolant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 219. Then, the refrigerant in the reservoir 2 19 returns to the top of the rectifying and separating device 217 and descends down the rectifying and separating device 217. When this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 217 are in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact, and rectification occurs. As a result, a coolant having a low-boiling-point and a large coolant composition is gradually stored in the reservoir 219. On the other hand, the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 21 and passing through the auxiliary expansion device 222 gradually becomes a high-boiling multi-layer cooling medium composition, The refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 11 via the regenerator 2 18.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the heat pump device of Example 10 reduces the performance. You can do it.
  • a low-boiling coolant is stored in the reservoir 21, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. As a result, the performance is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is performed.
  • Make a transfer decision (STEP 7).
  • the load is determined while maintaining the state of STEP 6 (STEP 8). If it is determined in STEP 8 that the heating load is small (It-to I ⁇ m t), the third state of STEP 6 (3) is satisfied. To maintain.
  • the process proceeds to STEP9.
  • the heating load increases and the indoor air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 2 26 and the storage device 2 2 If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to stored in Fig. 8 is equal to or more than the specified value ⁇ t (It-tol ⁇ At), the valve is opened and closed.
  • the open / close signals of 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 2 29.
  • the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are opened again (STEP 9), and this state is maintained for a certain period of time (STEP 10).
  • the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 2 19 flows to the main circuit due to the release of the force S. Get out. Thereafter, the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 22 9, and the opening / closing valves 22 1 and the opening / closing valves 2 21 are transmitted. 24 is in the closed state (STEP 2).
  • the opening and closing of the valves 221, 224 in this way, the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases in a short time, and the main circuit is highly efficient.
  • the heat pump device of Example 10 can restart the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load.
  • This operation of opening and closing the opening / closing valve causes the storage device 2 to remain open even if the compressor 211 stops during the rectification separation operation. Since the refrigerant stored in 19 does not flow out to the main circuit, the heat pump device of Example 10 must be under pressure. The separation operation can be restarted from the refrigerant composition ratio immediately before the compressor 211 stops, and it is necessary until the rectification separation is completed. Time can be shortened.
  • the predicted load Lo is smaller than the preset load reference value Ls. If it is determined that L o ⁇ L s, the load state at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 13). If it is determined in STEP 1 3 that the load has stopped due to a heavy load, the operation in STEP 2 is performed, and then the operation in STEP 3 and below is performed. Perform separation operation.
  • the negative load during the previous operation If it is determined that the load has been stopped in a small state, the open / close valve 221, the open / close valve 223, and the open / close valve 224 are closed.
  • the signal is transmitted from the operation control device 229, and the open / close valve 2 2 1 open / close valve 2 2 3 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 are closed (STEP 14 ) .
  • This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T3) (STEP 15).
  • the load is determined (STEP 16). If it is determined in STEP 16 that the load is equal to or less than the specified value ⁇ t (1 t — t 0 I ⁇ ⁇ t), the state of STEP 14 is maintained. Operate in the sixth state (6). This allows the low-boiling-point component coolant separated in the previous operation to be retained in the reservoir 219 and has a capacity suitable for the load. Operation can be resumed in a small state.
  • the operation proceeds to STEP 2 operation. Then, the refrigerant in the reservoir 219 is discharged to the main circuit. Since the valve opening and closing operation is performed in this manner, the heat pump device of Example 10 was immediately mixed with the filling assembly. The non-azeotropic refrigerant is operated in a state where the amount of the refrigerant is large and the amount of the refrigerant is large, so that a large-capacity operation suitable for a load can be performed.
  • the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 2 25 and the set air temperature is detected based on the magnitude of the load, and the open / close valve 22 1 is opened.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the valves 2 2 3 and 2 4 to open and close controls the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the load of the cooling medium. It can be changed to a suitable state. Therefore, the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment can appropriately control the performance according to the state of the load.
  • FIG. 21 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 11;
  • FIG. 22 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed therein, and has a compressor 21 1, a four-way valve 21 2, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 2 13, the outdoor main expansion device 2 30, the indoor main expansion device 2 31, and the indoor heat exchanger 2 16 are connected to the pipes in a ring shape to cool and freeze.
  • the main circuit of the aquarium is configured.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 11 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 10 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the main difference between the heat pump device of the embodiment 11 and the heat pump device of the embodiment 10 is that the outdoor main inflation is different from that of the heat pump device of the embodiment 10.
  • the outdoor main inflatable device 230 that can be fully closed is used as the device, and the indoor main inflatable device 23 that can be fully closed is used as the indoor main inflatable device. It is a point that is.
  • the suction pressure sensor 23 and the discharge pressure sensor 23 are provided.
  • the suction pressure sensor 1 2 3 2 is installed in the suction pipe of the compressor 2 1 1, and the discharge pressure sensor 1 2 3 Numeral 3 is installed in the discharge pipe of the compressor 2 11.
  • Example 11 In the heat pump device of Example 1, the storage device 2 3 4 is the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to the desired value. And the set differential pressure values of the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor 2 1 1 are stored.
  • the arithmetic control device 235 determines the operation state of the compressor 211 and the opening of the main expansion devices 230, 231 based on the determination result. In operation, the arithmetic control device 235 opens and closes the open / close valves 221, 223, and 224. In the operation of the operation control device 2 35, the air temperature and the room temperature set in the storage device 2 34 were detected by the room temperature sensor 2 26.
  • Air temperature, outdoor air temperature detected by outdoor temperature sensor 227, suction pressure detected by sensor 232, and suction pressure detected by sensor 232 And the discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 23 3 is used. Then, based on the operation result, the operation control device 235 operates the opening and closing valves 221, 223, 224 based on the operation result. Next, the opening of the indoor main expansion device 230 and the outdoor main expansion device 231 is adjusted.
  • Embodiment 11 since the other configuration is the same as that of Embodiment 10 described above, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 22 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 11;
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the indoor temperature sensor detected by the indoor temperature sensor 226 are used. Prediction of the air-conditioning load is performed based on the room temperature and the set temperature stored in the storage device 234 (STEP 1). At this time, when the predicted load L o is determined to be larger than the preset load reference value L s (L o ⁇ L s), Close the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4, and open / close the open / close valve 2 23 (STEP 2). At this time, if the liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 2 19, the liquid coolant flows out to the main circuit through the opening / closing valve 22 3, and the reservoir 2 19 In 19, only the gas coolant remains.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 1 2. After that, it flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 2 13.
  • the high-pressure liquid coolant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 211 is subjected to the discharge pressure and the suction pressure by the outdoor main expansion device 230.
  • the pressure is reduced up to the intervening pressure.
  • the intermediate pressure refrigerant is further reduced to a low pressure near the suction pressure in the indoor main expansion device 231.
  • the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the indoor heat exchanger 211 and is returned to the compressor 211 via the four-way valve 211. Inhaled.
  • the load is determined in the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle (STEP 3).
  • STEP 3 the indoor air temperature t and the air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 2 2 6 are stored in the storage device 2 3 4.
  • Set air temperature set to If the absolute value of the difference from the value exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (I t )
  • the first state (1) of STEP 2 is maintained. That is, when the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 1 circulates only in the main circuit, the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 ′ Is closed, the open / close valve 22 3 is open, and the rectifier 2 17 is connected to the suction line of the compressor 2 11. The inside of the rectifier / separator 217, the cooler 218, and the reservoir 219 becomes low-pressure gas and hardly stores the coolant.
  • the open / close valve 2 21 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 are closed and the open / close valve 2 23 is opened and released, so that the heat pump device is opened.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • a load judgment is performed (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3).
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 2 34 are stored in the storage device 2 34. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is In the case of a small size, the signal that closes the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 2 23 and opens / closes the open / close valve 22 4 is operated by the operation control device 2 3 5 It is transmitted from As a result, the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2
  • This state is the second state of the valve opening / closing operation. (2). This second state (2) is maintained for a fixed time (T1) (STEP 5).
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 is capable of storing a liquid or a two-phase coolant having a high density directly in the reservoir 219, and the main pump device can be used for the main pump. The road is operated with a small amount of coolant. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 11 can reduce the power in a short time in response to the load.
  • the gas refrigerant that has risen in the rectifying separator 217 flows into the cooler 218.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 218 is stored in the reservoir 219, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 219. Return from the bottom of the reservoir 219 to the top of the fractionator 217. Return to fractionator 2 17
  • the returned coolant descends in the rectifying separator 217 and flows into the sub-expansion device 222 from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 22 2 passes through the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 2 23 to the compressor 2 11 1.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the refrigeration cycle is used for the cooler 218. Since it is used as a cooling source for the refrigeration system, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used for ij, and the cooling device 218 can be reduced in size. The gas at the top of the fractionator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 19. Then, the cooling medium in the storage device 219 returns to the top of the rectification separator 217 again and descends down the rectification separator 217. When this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and rising in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 217 are separated in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact. Due to this gas-liquid contact, the rectification operation occurs, and the cooling medium of the low-boiling-point cooling medium composition is gradually stored in the storage device 219.
  • cooling medium flowing down the rectifying / separating device 2 17 and passing through the sub-expansion device 222 is gradually formed into a cooling medium having a high boiling point and a large amount. Cooler 2 1 8 and open / close valve 2 It is sucked into the compressor 2 11 via 2 3.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, thereby increasing the performance. It can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 21, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. Thus, the performance is further reduced. Therefore, the heat pump device of Example 11 can perform low-power operation suitable for a load.
  • Step 7 the compressor 2 1 1 Operation decision is made. If it is determined in step 7 that the compressor is operating, the load judgment is maintained while maintaining the condition of step 6. (Step 8). If it is determined in STEP 8 that the cooling load is smaller than the predetermined value ⁇ t (It-to-I ⁇ t), the state of STEP 6 is maintained. To have.
  • the process proceeds to STEP 9. .
  • the air-conditioning load increases and the indoor air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 1 2 26 and the storage device 2 3 If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to stored in 4 is greater than or equal to the specified value At, the opening and closing of the open / close valve 2 21 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 The release signal is sent from the operation control device 23 5, and the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are opened and released again. (STEP 9). This state is the fourth state (4) of the valve opening / closing operation. This fourth state (4) is maintained for a fixed time (T2) (STEP 10).
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 2 19 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 23 35, and the opening / closing valves 22 1 and the opening / closing valves 2 21 are transmitted.
  • 24 is closed (STEP 2).
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases in a short period of time, and the main circuit returns to a high-performance filling configuration, and the heat pump device is restored. It is possible to restart the operation with a large capacity according to the load.
  • the arithmetic and control unit 23 5 discharges using the measured values from the suction pressure sensor 23 2 and the discharge pressure sensor 23 3.
  • Calculate the pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ between the pressure and the suction pressure and compare it with the differential pressure value P s previously set and stored in the storage device 2 3 4 ( STEP 1 2).
  • step 12 if the pressure difference ⁇ is equal to or greater than the set differential pressure value P s (PP ⁇ P s), this differential pressure calculation is repeated.
  • the pressure difference ⁇ is less than the differential pressure value P s ( ⁇ P P P s)
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is determined (STEP 14), and if it is determined that the compressor 211 is stopped, the operation is terminated. 13
  • the fifth state (5) of the valve opening / closing operation of 3 is maintained. If it is determined that the compressor 2 11 is operating, the outdoor main expansion device 230 and the indoor main expansion device 23 1 are reserved. A signal that can be opened up to the preset opening that has been set is transmitted from the arithmetic control unit 235. As a result, the outdoor main inflatable device 23 and the indoor main inflatable device 23 can be opened to a predetermined opening (STEP 15).
  • the outdoor main expansion device 230 is the first setting opening 1
  • the indoor main expansion device 231 is the second setting opening 2. It is. After this state, operate the STEP 6 and start separation operation again.
  • the predicted load L o is set in advance and the load reference value L is set in advance. If it is determined to be smaller than s (Lo LS), the load state at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 16). If it is determined in STEP 16 that the load has stopped due to a heavy load, the valve opening and closing operation in STEP 2 (the first condition (1)) is performed. After that, perform the separation operation following STEP 3 and below.
  • the heat pump device can resume operation with a low capacity suitable for the load.
  • the operation shifts to STEP 2 and the refrigerant in the reservoir 211 is supplied to the main circuit. Released to the public.
  • the main circuit is immediately operated with the mixed non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium as it is in the packed state and in a state with a large amount of the cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device is negative W
  • the magnitude of the load is detected by the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 2 25 and the set air temperature, and the open / close valve 22 1 is opened.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing valves 2 2 3 and 2 2 4 allows the amount of refrigerant in the main circuit and the composition of the refrigerant to be adjusted to the load. Can be changed to the same state. Therefore, the heat pump device of Example 11 can perform appropriate power control according to the load in a shorter time.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value)
  • t0 is the set temperature set by the user
  • ⁇ t is the preset room temperature.
  • T is measurement time
  • T1 is set time 1 (second state of valve opening / closing operation set in advance) (2)
  • T2 is the set time 2 (the 4th state (4) of the preset opening / closing operation).
  • Lo is the load forecast reference value measured value
  • L s is the set load standard value
  • ⁇ P is the measured pressure difference (measured value)
  • P s is a preset pressure difference.
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is as follows: opening / closing valve 221: closing, opening / closing valve 22: opening, opening / closing valve 22: closing. is there .
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: open.
  • the third state (3) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: open, open / close valve 22: open, open / close valve 22: closed. It is.
  • the fourth state (4) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 221: open, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: open.
  • the fifth state (5) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: closed.
  • the sixth state (6) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: closed, open / close valve 22: closed, open / close valve 22: closed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. Is the same as
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the indoor temperature sensor 226 detected by the indoor temperature sensor Predict the air-conditioning load from ⁇ ⁇ . Degrees in the room and ⁇ stored in the storage device 234 or the temperature of the storage device (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1).
  • the reservoir 21 9 If the liquid coolant is stored, the liquid coolant flows out to the main circuit through the opening / closing valve 222. For this reason, only the gas refrigerant remains in the reservoir 2 19.
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 211 is After passing through the one-way valve 2 12, it flows into the indoor heat exchanger 2 16 and is condensed. The condensed high-pressure liquid coolant is reduced to a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure by the main expansion device 23 1 in the chamber, and then the chamber is cooled.
  • the pressure is further reduced by the outer main expansion device 230 to a low pressure near the suction pressure.
  • This reduced-pressure low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the outdoor heat exchanger 21 and is compressed through the four-way valve 21 through the compressor 21. It is sucked into 1 again.
  • StepP3 Determine the load in the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle.
  • STEP 3 write the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 in the storage device 23 4. If the absolute value of the difference from the stored set air temperature t0 exceeds the specified value At (It-tol> At), that is, the cooling load If the value is large, the status of STEP 2 is maintained. That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 211 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the open / close valve 2 21 and the open / close valve 2 24 are closed, the open / close valve 2 23 is open, and the rectifying separator 2 17 is connected to the compressor 2 1 1 Since it is connected to the suction piping, the inside of the rectifying separator 217, the cooler 218, and the reservoir 219 becomes low-pressure gas. However, there is almost no storage of refrigerant.
  • the cooling medium in the main circuit is kept in the filled configuration by operating as described above.
  • the mixture is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. Therefore, the heat pump device can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for the load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 3 and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 (
  • the absolute value of the difference between the room temperature) t and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 2 3 4 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It — to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is small, close the open / close valve 2 21 and the open / close valve 2 23 and open / close the open / close valve 2 2 4 Is transmitted from the arithmetic control unit 235.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are in the closed state, and the open / close valve 22 4 is in the open / release state (STEP 4). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP 5).
  • the dense liquid or the two-phase coolant can be stored directly in the reservoir 21.
  • the main circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant, so that the heat pump device of Example 11 reduces the reduction in performance. You can do it in time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 3 and closing the opening / closing valve 22 4 is transmitted to the operation control device 2.
  • the data is transmitted from 35 mm, the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are opened, and the open / close valve 22 4 is closed.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying separator 217 flows into the cooler 218.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 218 is stored in the reservoir 219, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 219.
  • the refrigerant returned to the rectifying separator 2 17 descends in the rectifying separator 2 17, and the rectifying separator 2
  • the top of the low-temperature two-phase cryogen cooled by the sub-expansion device 222 and the rectifying separator 217 is removed. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 218.
  • a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the freezing cycle is used as the cooler 2 18 Since it is used as a cooling source for the cooling system, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used for heating ij, and the cooling device 218 can be reduced in size as well as precision.
  • the gas at the top of the fractionator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing in from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 219. Then, the cooling medium in the storage device 219 returns to the top of the rectification separator 217 again and descends down the rectification separator 217. When this condition occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending and descending in the rectifying separator 217 are in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact with. This gas-liquid contact causes a rectification operation, and the reservoir 219 gradually stores a refrigerant of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying / separating device 217 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 11 via the regenerator 2 18.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the capacity can be reduced. Further, since the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the storage device 219, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced. To a small extent, the performance can be further reduced. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 11 can perform the low-power operation suitable for the load and the force S.
  • the compressor is The operation judgment of 2 1 1 is performed (STEP 7). If it is determined in STEP 7 that the compressor 211 is operating, the load is determined while maintaining the condition of STEP 6 (STEP 8). If the cooling load is determined to be small (It—toI o ⁇ t) at STEP 8, the state of STEP 6 is maintained.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to calculated by the operation device 2 3 4 is greater than or equal to the specified value At (It-to I ⁇ ⁇ t ),
  • the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 23 5.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are re-opened (STEP 9). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T2) (STEP10).
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 21 19 flows out to the main circuit, and thereafter, the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 2 24 are closed.
  • the stop signal is transmitted from the operation control device 23 5, and the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are closed (STEP 2).
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases in a short time, and the main circuit returns to a high-performance filling composition, and the heat of Example 11 is reduced.
  • the top pump device can resume high-power operation according to the load.
  • the arithmetic unit 23 4 calculates the pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ calculated in advance and stores the calculated pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ . Compare the differential pressure value P s stored in the device 2 3 4 (STEP 1 2). In STEP 12, if the pressure difference ⁇ is equal to or larger than the set differential pressure value Ps ((P ⁇ Ps), the differential pressure calculation is repeated.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 The closing signals of the closing valves 22 and 3 and the opening and closing valves 22 4 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 23 5. As a result, the open / close valve 2 21, the open / close valve 2 23, and the open / close valve 22 4 are in the closed state (STEP 13).
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is determined (STEP 14). If it is determined that the compressor 211 is stopped, the operation of the STEP 211 is stopped. Maintain the state of 3. On the other hand, if it is determined in STEP 14 that the compressor 2 11 is operating, the operation control device 2 35 is connected to the outdoor main expansion device. Transmits a signal that allows the 230 and the indoor main expansion device 231 to be opened to the preset opening that is set in advance. As a result, the outdoor main inflatable device 23 and the indoor main inflatable device 23 can be opened to the predetermined opening degree (STEP 15). After that, the operation of STEP 6 is performed, and the separation operation is started again.
  • the separation operation is performed based on the cooling medium composition ratio immediately before the compressor 211 stops.
  • the time required to restart and complete the separation can be further reduced.
  • the load forecast immediately after startup (STEP 1), it is assumed that the predicted load L o is smaller than the preset load reference value L s. If it is determined, the load condition at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 16). If it is determined in STEP 16 that the load has stopped due to a large load, the valve opening / closing operation in STEP 2 (first condition (1)) is performed. After that, perform the separation operation following STEP 3 below.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 is operated at a low boiling point separated by the previous operation.
  • the coolant can be stored in the reservoir 2 19, and the operation can be restarted with a small capacity suitable for the load.
  • the operation proceeds to STEP 2, and the coolant in the reservoir 211 is mainly used. Release into circuit.
  • the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant which is immediately filled and assembled. It is operated with a large amount of coolant.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 has a large operation capacity suitable for the load.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected by the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 2 25 and the set air temperature, and the open / close valve 22 1 and the open valve are opened.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the valves 2 2 3 and 2 4 opens and closes the amount of refrigerant in the main circuit and the composition of the refrigerant according to the load. It can be changed to a state. Therefore, Example 1
  • the heat pump device of item (1) can perform appropriate power control in a shorter time according to the load.
  • the non-azeotropic refrigerant to be sealed is a substitute for R22.
  • R407C which is a mixture of three kinds of single refrigerants of R32, R125, and R134a, is used, a refrigerant having a low boiling point R3
  • FIG. Figure 12 the heat pump device according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • FIG. Figure 12 the heat pump device according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • Reference numeral 23 denotes a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 12.
  • Figure 24 shows the heat pump device of Example 12 It is a control flow chart.
  • the heat pump device of Example 12 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture, and has a compressor 311, a four-way valve 312, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • Heat exchanger 3 13, outdoor main expansion unit 3 14, indoor main expansion unit 3 15, and indoor heat exchanger 3 16 are connected to pipes in a ring to cool and freeze.
  • the main circuit of the cycle is configured.
  • the rectifying separator 317 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled therein.
  • the top of the fractionation separator 317 communicates with the top of the reservoir 319 via a cooler 318, and the bottom of the reservoir 319 is purified. It communicates with the top of the fraction separator 317. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 317, the cooler 318, and the reservoir 319 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. ing .
  • the reservoir 319 is positioned so that its top is higher than the top of the rectifier 317.
  • the cooler 318 is arranged so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 319.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifying separator 317 to the cooler 318 is connected to the top surface of the rectifying separator 317. It is.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the storage device 319 and the top of the rectifying separator 317 is connected to the side surface of the top of the rectifying separator 317. ing .
  • the piping led out from the bottom of the fractionator 31 17 is connected to the outdoor main expansion device via the auxiliary expansion device 32 1 and the opening / closing valve 3 20. Piping between the device 3 14 and the main expansion device 3 15 in the room It is connected to the .
  • the bottom of the fractionator 31 1 is suction-distributed to the compressor 3 1 1 through the auxiliary expansion device 3 2 2, the cooler 3 18 and the opening / closing valve 3 2 3. It is connected to a pipe.
  • This suction pipe is a pipe that connects between the compressor 311 and the four-way valve 312.
  • the cooler 318 includes a cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 317 through the auxiliary expansion device 322 to the opening / closing valve 323, and a rectifying / separating device. It is configured to indirectly exchange heat with the coolant at the top of the vessel 317.
  • a double pipe structure can be used as the cooler 318 of the embodiment 12.
  • the bottom of the reservoir 31 9 is suctioned by a compressor 311 that connects between the compressor 311 and the four-way valve 312 via an open / close valve 324. It is connected to the inlet / outlet pipe.
  • the indoor unit 3 25 in the main circuit has an indoor main expansion device 3 15, an indoor heat exchanger 3 16, an indoor temperature sensor 3 26, etc. That is, the indoor temperature sensor 326 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3225).
  • the storage device 327 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • the operation control device 328 is stored in the storage device 327 and the suction air temperature t detected by the indoor temperature sensor 1326.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t o. Is compared with the predetermined value At, and based on the comparison result, the valve is opened and closed 32 0, 3 2 3 , 3 2 4 are opened and closed.
  • FIG. 24 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 12. As shown in FIG.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2).
  • the indoor unit 3 2 5 suction air detected by the indoor temperature sensor 3 2 6
  • the difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 327 exceeds the specified value ⁇ 1; (It ⁇ to I> ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is large, the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 32 0 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 3 2 3, 3 2 4 perform. It is sent from the control unit 328. That is, the open / close valve 320 remains closed, and the open / close valves 323 and 324 remain open.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened, and the rectifying separation device is opened. Since 3 17 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 3 11 via the opening and closing valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4, the rectifying separator 3 17 is cooled. The inside of the heat exchanger 318 and the reservoir 319 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of the refrigerant.
  • the cooling medium in the main circuit has a charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant that is still mixed, and is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. As a result, the heat pump apparatus of Example 12 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2), and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is written as t. If the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 3 2 7 is less than or equal to the predetermined value At (it 1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, cooling
  • the open / closed signals of the open / close valves 32 and 32 and the close signal of the open / close valve 32 4 are operated by the operation control device 3 2 8 Sent from As a result, the open / close valve 32203 is in an open / closed state, and the open / close valve 3224 is in a closed state (STEP 3). In this state, a part of the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited the outdoor main expansion device 3 1 4 has an open / close valve 3 2 0 And into the bottom of the fractionator 31 via the sub-expansion device 3 21
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling-point coolant composition, and when the load is small, the power is reduced to the corresponding capacity. Since the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 31 19, the amount of refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced and the amount of refrigerant is reduced. With the reduction, the power can be further reduced. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 has a low performance suitable for the load. You can drive the power.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant with the lowest heat dissipation rate in the freezing cycle is used for the cooler 318. It is used as a cooling source.
  • the heat pump of Example 12 can effectively use latent heat, and can not only reduce the size of the cooler 318 but also improve the precision.
  • the gas at the top of the fraction separator 317 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the load judgment is performed in a state in which the open / close valves 32 0, 32 3 are opened and the open / close valves 32 24 are closed.
  • STEP 4 As the load increased, the suction air of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 was recorded as ⁇ 1 degree t. Stored in storage device 3 2 7 If the difference from the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It-1 t0 I> ⁇ t), the closing signal of the open / close valve 32 0 is output.
  • the opening and closing signals of the valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are operated by the operation control device 3.
  • an open / close valve 3 2 4 is provided between the reservoir 3 19 and the suction pipe of the compressor 3 11.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected based on the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 32 5 and the set air temperature, and the open / close valve 3 20
  • the simple operation of controlling the opening and closing of 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 makes it possible to change the cooling medium amount and cooling medium composition of the main circuit. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 can appropriately control the power according to the load.
  • a high heating capacity such as immediately after the start of the compressor 311, open / close the valve 320. Close and open valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 311 passes through the four-way valve 312 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger 316.
  • the cooling medium is condensed and liquefied by contributing to the heating, and flows into the main indoor expansion device 315.
  • the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced to an intermediate pressure.
  • the load is determined in the above-mentioned refrigerated cycle cycle (STEP 2).
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is recorded in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the stored set air temperature to exceeds the predetermined value At (It1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, the heating load is large.
  • the operation control device 328 sends the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 320 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 32 3, 32 4. .
  • the opening / closing valve 320 remains closed, and the opening / closing valves 3223, 3224 remain open.
  • the open / close valve 32 0 is closed and the open / close valve 3 2 3, 3 2 4 is open, and the cooler 3 18 and the reservoir 3 1 9 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 311 via the opening and closing valve 3 2 3 and the opening and closing valve 3 2 4, so that the rectifying separator 3 17 is cooled.
  • the inside of the heat exchanger 318 and the reservoir 319 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of the coolant.
  • the coolant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixed coolant as it is in the packed configuration, and The main circuit is operated with a large amount of coolant. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2), and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is written as t. If the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 3 27 is smaller than the predetermined value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, warm When the load on the chamber is small, the open / closed valves of the open / close valves 32 and 32 and the close signal of the open / close valves 32 4 are operated by the operation control device 3 2 8 It is sent from ⁇ . As a result, since the open / close valve 3 2 0 3 2 3 is opened (STEP 3), one of the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerants that has exited the main expansion device 3 15 in the room. The part passes through the opening / closing valve 320 and the sub-expansion device 31 and flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317.
  • the rectifying separator 317 was cooled.
  • the inside of the reservoir 318 and the reservoir 319 is almost free of the cooling medium and is in an empty state.
  • the coolant flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the rectifier separator 317 passes through the rectifier separator 317 and the cooler 318 and is stored in the storage device 319. It is.
  • a part of the cooling medium is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 322, flows into the cooling device 318 as a low-temperature two-phase cooling medium, and flows there. Indirect heat exchange with the cooling medium at the top of the fractionation separator 317 is performed.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 319 gradually increases, and the liquid coolant flows down the rectifying separator 317 by the head of the liquid coolant in the reservoir 319. You In this state, almost no liquid coolant rises in the rectifying separator 317.
  • the main gas refrigerant starts rising from the bottom of the rectifier / separator 317 from the bottom of the rectifier / separator 317, and is cooled and liquefied by the chiller 319 And stored in the storage device 319. Then, the refrigerant returns to the top of the rectifier / separator 317 again and descends down the rectifier / separator 317.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling liquid descending down the rectifying separator 317 are in the rectifying separator 317.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 317 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the refrigerant having a high boiling point is supplied to the two-phase refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 through the opening / closing valve 322 and the sub-expansion device 321.
  • the sub-expansion device 3 2 2 and the cooler 3 18, and are further opened Is passed through the open / close valve 3 2 3 to be sucked into the compressor 3 1 1.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a coolant system with a high boiling point and a large capacity, and when the load is small, the capacity corresponding to the load is reduced. To reduce the pressure.
  • the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 31 19, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant is reduced. As a result, the power is further reduced, and a low power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the refrigeration cycle is used for the cooler 318. Since it is used as a cooling source for refrigeration, the latent heat of the refrigerant can be used effectively. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 is not only capable of reducing the size of the cooler 318 but also the top of the rectifying separator 317. Gas can be reliably liquefied
  • the release signals of 23 and 32 4 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3288. As a result, the open / close valve 320 is closed again and the open / close valve is closed.
  • an open / close valve 3 2 4 is particularly provided between the reservoir 3 19 and the suction line of the compressor 3 1 1. Since it is directly connected to the force, the coolant in the reservoir 319 can be discharged to the main circuit in a short time. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 12 has a good ability to follow a load.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing 32 0, 32 3, and 32 4 changes the cooling medium amount and cooling medium composition of the main circuit. For this reason, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 can appropriately control the power according to the load.
  • the load increases even under the operating conditions of cooling, heating, and heating.
  • the opening and closing valves 320, 32 3 and 3 2 4 are all closed, and the closed circuit constituted by the rectifying separator 31 17, the cooler 3 18, and the reservoir 3 19 is mainly used. It may be configured to be separated from the circuit.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 has the same configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 shown in FIG. 23 described above. However, only the control operation of the operation control device 328 is different. For this reason, in the following description, the same symbols are used for those having the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of Example 12. , And the description is omitted.
  • FIG. 25 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 according to the present invention.
  • a state where high performance is required such as immediately after the start of the compressor 311, is assumed to be a start state.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 311 flows through the four-way valve 312 to the outdoor heat exchanger 313, where it is discharged.
  • Heat exchange It is condensed and liquefied in the vessel 3 13.
  • the condensed and liquefied liquid coolant flows into the outdoor main expansion device 314 and is reduced in pressure to an intermediate pressure.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2).
  • the indoor unit 3 2 5 suction air detected by the indoor temperature sensor 3 2 6
  • the difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 327 exceeds the first predetermined value ⁇ t1 (It 1 tol ⁇ Atl), that is, when the cooling load is large, the closing signal of the open / close valve 32 0 and the open / close signal of the open / close valve 3 2 3 3 2 4 Is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3288.
  • the open / close valve 320 remains in the closed state, and the open / close valves 32, 32, 24 remain in the open state.
  • the open / close valve 320 is closed, and the open / close valves 322, 324 are opened, and the rectifying separator 317 is cooled.
  • the condenser 3 18 and the reservoir 3 19 are connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 3 1 1 through the open / close valve 3 2 3 and the open / close valve 3 2 4. Therefore, the inside of the rectifying / separating device 317, the cooling device 318, and the storing device 319 becomes a low-pressure gas, and the cooling medium is hardly stored. No.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant as filled and the main circuit has a large amount of refrigerant. It is operated by. As a result, the heat pump device can perform large-capacity operation suitable for the load.
  • STEP 2 write the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the stored set air temperature to is less than or equal to the first predetermined value At 1 (It — tol ⁇ A tl), that is, the cooling load is In the case of a small size, the open / close signal of the open / close valve 32 and the open / close valve 3
  • the closing signals of 2 3 and 3 2 4 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3 2 8. As a result, the open / close valve 320 is opened (STEP
  • the refrigeration separator 317, the refrigeration unit 318, and the inside of the storage unit 319 contain almost no refrigerant. It is virtually empty.
  • the coolant flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 passes through the rectifying separator 317 and the cooler 318, and quickly flows to the storage device 319. Will be stored.
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the heat pump device is immediately reduced in capacity and quickly reduces the cooling load. Adaptable operation is possible.
  • the load is determined in STEP 4.
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the setting stored in the storage device 3 27 When the difference from the constant air temperature to exceeds a second predetermined value At 2 (A t 1> ⁇ t 2), which is smaller than the first predetermined value At 1 (I If t — to I> ⁇ t 2), return to STEP 2.
  • the rectifying separator 317, the cooling device 318, and the storing device 319 are filled with the liquid cooling medium.
  • the gas refrigerant starts to rise inside the rectifying separator 317 from the bottom of the rectifying separator 317, and is cooled by the refrigerator 318. Done To liquefy.
  • the liquefied coolant is returned to the top of the rectifying / separating device 317 while being stored in the storage device 319, and is returned to the rectifying / separating device 317. Go down 1 7.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling liquid descending down the rectifying separator 317 are in the rectifying separator 317.
  • the gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 319 gradually stores the refrigerant of the low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 317 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant composition having a high boiling point is passed through the opening / closing valve 320 and the sub-expansion device 321, and flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 317.
  • the cooler 3 18, and the open / close valve 3 2 3 which is opened and compressed. It is sucked into the machine 3 1 1.
  • the heat pump device of Example 13 has a main circuit that gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large cooling medium composition.
  • the power can be reduced to the corresponding capacity.
  • the heat pump device of Example 13 can further reduce the power, and can perform low-power operation suitable for the load. And power.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak was used for cooling in the cooling / freezing cycle. Since it is used as a cooling source for the heat exchanger 3 18, the cooling medium Not only can the latent heat be used effectively and the cooler 318 can be reduced in size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier separator 17 can be reliably liquefied. it can .
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 can reduce the capacity corresponding to the load and operate at a high efficiency. Wear .
  • the load is determined in STEP8.
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the setting stored in the storage device 3 27 If the difference from the air temperature to is less than or equal to the second predetermined value At 2 (I t — to I ⁇ At 2), that is, if the refrigerant load is small, Keeps the state of STEP 7 and operates the main circuit with a refrigerant composition with a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 32 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is stored as t. 3
  • the difference from the set air temperature t 0 stored in 7 exceeds the second specified value At 2 (
  • the release signal of 3 2 4 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3 2 8.
  • the open / close valve 320 is in the closed state, and the open / close valves 32, 32 are in the open state.
  • the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 319 is sucked into the compressor 311 via the opening / closing valves 32, 32.
  • the cooling system in the main circuit is returned to the high-performance filling system.
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases D, and the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load resumes.
  • the magnitude of the load is reduced by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 325 and the air temperature t.
  • the power is controlled by simple operations such as opening and closing 0, 3 2 3 and 3 2 4.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 is a means for performing the power control by reducing the amount of coolant in the main circuit when the load is slightly reduced. In addition to the decrease in the amount of coolant in the main circuit, the load is greatly reduced, and the coolant composition is changed to a state corresponding to the load. In addition, it can be operated by switching to the means for controlling the power. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 13 is a device that is more excellent in following the load.
  • the rectification separator 3 17 By separating the closed circuit of the cooler 318 and the reservoir 319 from the main circuit, the two-phase coolant can flow to the low pressure side. This eliminates the loss of heat required for rectification separation. With this configuration, the heat pump device of Example 13 performs high-efficiency operation when the power is low. be able to .
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operation is the operation during the cooling operation.
  • the explanation is omitted because it is the same as the above.
  • the opening and closing operations of the opening and closing valves 3 2 0 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are the same as the control flow chart showing the control operation shown in FIG.
  • Example 13 in Step 1, both the open / close valve 3 2 3 and the open / close valve 3 2 4 were opened / released in STEP 1, but the open / close valve 3 The same effect as in Example 13 described above can be achieved even if only one of the valves 23 or 24 is opened.
  • FIG. FIG. 26 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 14.
  • FIG. 27 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 14 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of Example 14 is the same as the outdoor main expansion device 3 14 and the indoor main expansion device of the heat pump device of Example 12
  • a gas-liquid separator 33 is provided between the device and the device 31.
  • the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 33 is connected to the open / close valve 320.
  • the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 33 is connected to the inlet of the opening / closing valve 32 through a sub-expansion device 33.
  • FIG. 27 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 14. As shown in FIG.
  • the open / close valve 32 0 is closed, and the open / close valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are opened.
  • the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 311 flows through the four-way valve 312 to the outdoor heat exchanger 313.
  • the refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 313 flows into the outdoor main expansion device 314, where the refrigerant is reduced to an intermediate pressure.
  • the medium-pressure refrigerant that has exited the outdoor expansion device 3 14 passes through the gas-liquid separator 33 0, and all of the indoor main expansion device 3 15
  • the refrigerant that passes through the chamber becomes a low pressure and is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 316.
  • the refrigerant evaporating in the indoor heat exchanger 316 is supplied to the indoor unit 322.
  • the space in which 5 is installed is cooled, and then sucked into the compressor 311 again through the four-way valve 312.
  • the open / close valve 3 20 is closed, the open / close valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are opened, and the cooler 3 18 and the reservoir 3 19 are connected to the compressor 3 1 Because it is connected to the suction pipe of (1), the inside of the rectifier / separator 317, the cooler 318 and the reservoir 319 is low-pressure gas. And there is almost no storage of coolant.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant as it is in the packed configuration.
  • the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant, so that the heat pump device has a large capacity suitable for the load. Can be performed.
  • the load is determined (STEP 2).
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 32 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the storage device 32 27 are stored in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the set air temperature to is less than the specified value ⁇ t (It-toI ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, if the cooling load is small In this case, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 320, 323 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 324 are sent from the operation control device 3288.
  • the gas component mainly stays in the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 33, and the liquid component mainly stays in the lower part.
  • the piping components connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 330 mainly open and close the gas component. From the pipe connected to the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 33, and mainly the liquid component is opened and closed in the same manner via the auxiliary expansion device 3 31. It flows to 20.
  • the refrigeration separator 317, the chiller 318, and the refrigeration system of the refrigeration unit 319 have almost no cooling medium. Since it is qualitatively empty, the refrigerant passes through the rectifying separator 317 and the cooler 318, and the refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 319. Further, part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the fractionator 31 17 is reduced in pressure through the sub-expansion device 32 2, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant. Then, flow into the cooler 3 18. Low temperature in the cooler 3 18 The two-phase cooling medium is indirectly converted to the cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 317.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 319 gradually increases, and the effluent is separated by the head of the liquid coolant in the reservoir 319.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the capacity corresponding to the low load 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ is reduced to the corresponding capacity. It can be reduced.
  • the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 31, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced. . Therefore, in the heat pump apparatus of Example 14, the capacity is further reduced due to the reduction in the amount of the coolant, and the low power suitable for the load is reduced. Can be operated.
  • Example 14 In the heat pump device of Example 14, a low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant with the lowest temperature in the cold-freeze cycle was cooled. Since it is used as a cooling source for the refrigeration unit 318, it can be used effectively, and the refrigeration unit 318 can be reduced in size. The gas at the top of the fraction separator 317 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the latent heat required to liquefy the gas rising to the rectifying separator 317 is liquefied. It is configured so that approximately the same amount of liquid cooling medium with the liquid flows through the cooler 318, and the minimum liquid necessary to liquefy the gas It is configured to flow to the suction side of the compressor 311 via the refrigerant cooler 318 and the opening / closing valve 323.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 14 can reduce the loss during the rectification separation operation and suppress the reduction in performance and efficiency. You can do it.
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 32 0 and the open / close signal of the open / close valve 32 3, 32 4 are sent from the operation control device 3 28 It is.
  • the open / close valve 320 is closed again and the open / close valve is closed.
  • 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are released (STEP 1).
  • the valve was stored in the reservoir 319 by closing the open / close valve 320 and opening / closing the open / close valves 32 3 and 32 4.
  • the low-boiling coolant is sucked into the compressor 311 via the opening / closing valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4, and the coolant in the main circuit is filled with a high-performance charge.
  • the heat pump device increases the amount of coolant in the main circuit, and can resume the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load.
  • the open / close valve 3 2 4 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the reservoir 3 19 and the compressor 3 11 1.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 319 can be drained in a short time, and the responsiveness to the load can be improved.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected using the difference between the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 and the set air temperature, and the valve is opened and closed.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing 0, 32 3 and 32 4 can change the amount of refrigerant and the composition of refrigerant in the main circuit. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the cooling amount and the cooling medium composition of the main circuit according to the load.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 14 can perform the power control appropriately and precisely in response to the load.
  • the gas flows from the gas-liquid separator 330 into the open / close valve 321 during the separation operation. Since the proportions of the gas component and the liquid component of the refrigerant can be made substantially equal, it is possible to flow excess and useless liquid refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor 311. To reduce heat loss during rectification separation operation. Can be obtained. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 14 achieved an energy-saving effect capable of suppressing a decrease in performance and efficiency. The device will be
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 31 1 flows through the four-way valve 3 12 to the indoor heat exchanger 3 16 .
  • the indoor heat exchanger 316 the cooling medium that has been condensed and liquefied by contributing to the heating is flowed into the indoor main expansion device 315. The pressure is reduced to the inter pressure.
  • the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 32 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the storage in the storage device 3 27 are stored. If the difference from the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value At, that is, if the heating load is large, the opening and closing valve 3 2 A closing signal of 0 and an opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are sent from the operation control device 3288. As a result, the open / close valve 320 is maintained in the closed state, and the open / close valves 323, 3224 are maintained in the open / release state.
  • the medium-pressure coolant that exited the indoor main expansion device 3 15 All are sent to the outdoor expansion device 3 14 through the gas-liquid separator 3 330.
  • the low-pressure refrigerant in the outdoor expansion device 3 14 evaporates by removing heat from the outside air power in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 13, and evaporates. After that, it is sucked into the compressor 311 again through the four-way valve 312.
  • the open / close valve 320 is closed, and the cooler 318 and the reservoir 319 are opened / closed. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 311 via 3, 3 2 4, the rectification separator 3 17, the cooler 3 18, and the storage are connected. The inside of the reservoir 319 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of coolant.
  • Example 14 This is a non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium, and the main circuit is operated with a large amount of cooling medium. Therefore, the heat pump device of Example 14 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined (STEP 2).
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is recorded in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the remembered setting in.hn degree to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It-to I ⁇ ⁇ t, that is, if the heating load is small , The open / closed valves of the open / close valves 32 0 and 32 3 and the close signal of the open / close valve 32 4 are sent from the operation control device 3288.
  • the medium flows into the gas-liquid separator 330 and is separated therefrom.
  • gas components mainly accumulate in the upper part and liquid components mainly accumulate in the lower part
  • the gas component flowing from the liquid component 30 to the opening / closing valve 32 can be made substantially equal to the IL component of the liquid component.
  • the mixed two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the separator 330 is supplied to the bottom of the rectifier separator 317 via the auxiliary expansion device 1 and the opening / closing valve 320. Enter.
  • the rectifying separator 31, the cooling unit 31 and the storage unit 319 have almost no cooling power and are in a substantial state.
  • the cooling medium passed through the rectifying separator 317 and the refrigeration unit 31 is in a state of being stored in the refrigeration unit 319.
  • Part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the cooler 3 17 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 3 22, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant to be cooled. Flow into 3 1 8.
  • the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the coolant at the top of the rectifier separator 317.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 319 is gradually increasing, and the head of the liquid coolant in the reservoir 319 is more precise.
  • the distilling separator 3 17 comes down. In this state, almost no liquid coolant rises above the rectifying separator 317, and mainly gas crys- tal separator 317 Starting from the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 from the bottom, it is cooled by the cooler 319 to be liquefied, and stored in the reservoir 319. Then, the refrigerant returns to the top of the rectifier / separator 317 again and descends down the rectifier / separator 317.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling medium liquid descending in the rectifying separator 317 are vaporized in the rectifying separator 317. Liquid contact and rectification may occur. As a result, a large amount of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition is gradually stored in the storage device 319.
  • the coolant flowing down the rectifying separator 3 17 gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the opening / closing valve 3 20 and the auxiliary expansion device 3 After passing through 21, it merges with the two-phase refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317.
  • the coolant thus joined passes through the sub-expansion device 32 2, the cooler 3 18, and the open / close valve 3 2 3 which is open and closed. It is sucked into the compressor 3 1 1.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large load, and the load is reduced. If the power is small, the power is reduced to the corresponding power.
  • the heat pump device of Example 14 has a low boiling point coolant in the reservoir 319, so that the amount of coolant in the main circuit is small. This reduces the amount of coolant and reduces the amount of coolant, thereby further reducing the performance and driving the vehicle at a low power suitable for the load.
  • the cold pump was used. Since a low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the freezing cycle is used as a cooling source for the cooler 318, It is possible to effectively use the latent heat of the cooling medium, not only to reduce the size of the cooler 318, but also to ensure the gas at the top of the rectifier separator 317. Liquefaction occurs.
  • the latent heat required to liquefy the gas rising in the rectifying separator 317 is liquefied.
  • the same amount of liquid cooling medium with cooling is configured to cool the cooling liquid 3 18, and more cooling liquid than necessary is required for cooling 3 18, opening and closing valve 3 2 3
  • the suction side of the pressure-Til fe 31 1 is not strong, so that the heat pump device of the embodiment 14 is not capable of generating heat during the rectification separation operation.
  • Liquid cooling liquid flow that can be effectively used for cooling, that is, for cooling
  • the intake air temperature t of 3 2 5 is set to fe and the clothing 3 2 7 is set to gd fe S
  • the difference from the set air temperature t 0 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t.
  • I t-to 1> ⁇ t the closing signal of the open / close valve 32 0 and the open / close signal of the open / close valve 3 2 3, 3 2 4
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 31 is opened and closed.
  • the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 311 via the valves 32 3 and 32 24, and the cooling medium in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition.
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit is increased, and the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load can be restarted.
  • the open / close valve 3 2 4 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the reservoir 3 19 and the compressor 3 11 1. Since it is connected, the coolant in the reservoir 319 can be drained in a short time, and the ability to follow the load can be improved.
  • the magnitude of the load is determined by the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 and the set air volume.
  • the simple operation of detecting and detecting the difference from the air temperature and opening / closing the open / close valves 32, 32, 32, 24, allows the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the amount of cooling. Since the medium composition can be changed to a state corresponding to the load, the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 14 is designed to respond to the load. Perform appropriate power control with high accuracy Bet is that Ki out.
  • the heat pump device of Example 14 during separation operation, the gas flows from the gas-liquid separator 33 to the opening / closing valve 32 1. Since the proportions of the gas component and the liquid component of the cooling medium can be made substantially equal, the heat loss during the rectification separation operation can be reduced. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 14 has an excellent energy saving that can suppress a decrease in performance and efficiency. It becomes a device.
  • FIG. FIG. 28 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 15.
  • FIG. 29 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 is provided with a discharge temperature sensor 341, which detects the discharge temperature of the compressor 311.
  • the storage device 34 2 of the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 is configured to store the preset discharge temperature value set in advance. It has been.
  • the operation control device 34 3 of the heat pump device in the embodiment 15 is the same as the discharge temperature value and the discharge temperature set in the storage device 3 42. The discharge temperature detected by the sensor 341 is compared with the discharge temperature, and the open / close valves 32 0, 32 3, and 32 4 are controlled to open and close.
  • FIG. 29 is a flow chart of the discharge temperature control in the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 15;
  • the open / close valves 32 0, 32 3, 32 4 are in the closed state. (STEP 1).
  • the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 3 11 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 34 1 and the storage device 3 4 2 The first set discharge temperature T1 stored in the above is compared with the first set discharge temperature T1.
  • the discharge temperature Td is the first
  • Step 2 the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 3 11 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 3 41 is stored in the storage device 3.
  • the medium-pressure refrigerant coming out of the outdoor expansion device 3 1 4 Part of the liquid flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 through the opening / closing valve 320 and the sub-expansion device 321. Then, the coolant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 passes through the open / close valve 324 opened and released via the reservoir 319.
  • the cooling medium entered here is mixed with the cooling gas that has passed through the four-way valve 312, and a force that lowers the temperature or the dryness of the cooling gas. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 311. By doing so, it is possible to lower the discharge temperature of the pressure flow compressor 311 to a safer value.
  • the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 311 detected by the discharge temperature sensor -341 is stored in the storage device 34. If the second set discharge temperature is below T2
  • the second set discharge temperature T2 is a value larger than the first set discharge HJ / discharge temperature T1 (T2> T1). Came back to 2
  • the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 3 20, 3 2 4 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 3 2 3 are sent from the operation control device 3 4 3
  • the open / close valves 32 0 and 32 4 are kept open and the open / close valves 32 3 are kept closed.
  • step 4 the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 31 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 341, is changed to the second set discharge. If the temperature exceeds T2 (Td> T2),
  • a part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of 3 17 passes through the reservoir 3 19, passes through the open / close valve 3 2 4 which is opened, and the compressor 3 1.
  • a part of the refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the fractionation separator 317 is supplied to the auxiliary expansion device 322, the cooling air 318, and the opening / closing valve 323. Flows into the suction pipe of the compressor 311 through the compressor.
  • the coolant that has flowed in here is mixed with the coolant gas that has passed through the four-way valve 312, and the temperature or the dryness of the coolant gas is reduced. In the meantime, it is sucked into the compressor 311.
  • the opening and closing valves are controlled to open and close as described above, the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant is used more frequently. A large amount is to be flowed into the suction piping of the compressor 311 with the force S. Therefore, in the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 15, the discharge temperature of the compressor 311 can be immediately lowered to a safer value. And can be done.
  • Example 15 the relationship between the control of the opening and closing of the opening and closing valves and the operation of fractionation separation was not described in detail.
  • the discharge temperature control method of the present invention is operable even under a load condition such as that shown in Embodiment 12 described above. That is not to say.
  • the discharge temperature sensor 341 which detects the discharge of the compressor 311, is provided in advance. Open / close valve by comparing with the set discharge temperature value
  • the simple operation of opening and closing 32 0, 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 reduces the discharge temperature of the compressor 3 1 1 1 to a safe value. This can be a problem. Further, in the heat pump apparatus of Example 15, the discharge temperature was higher than that of the two-phase refrigerant due to the switching operation of the open / close valve. As it is possible to reduce the flow quickly and safely, it is also possible to adjust the flow rate according to the discharge temperature. Therefore, there is no possibility that the reliability of the compressor is impaired by excessively flowing the two-phase refrigerant.
  • FIG. 30 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 16.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 16 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 421, a four-way valve 422, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • Converter
  • the main circuit is configured.
  • the heat pump device of Example 16 is provided with a heat storage heat exchanger 422.
  • One end of the heat storage heat exchanger 4 2 7 It is connected via an open / close valve 428 to a pipe connecting between the way valve 42 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 42 6.
  • the open / close valve 428 is operated so as to be opened during the heat storage operation.
  • one end of the heat storage heat exchanger 427 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 421 via an opening / closing valve 430.
  • the opening / closing valve 430 is operated so as to be opened when the heat storage is used.
  • the other end of the heat storage heat exchanger 4 27 is connected to a pipe connecting the outdoor expansion device 4 24 and the indoor expansion device 4 25 to a heat storage expansion device 4. It is connected via 29.
  • the heat storage heat exchanger 422 is installed in the heat storage tank 439, and the inside of the heat storage tank 439 is filled with heat storage material 440 such as water. It has been.
  • the rectifying separator 431 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled inside.
  • the top of the fractionator 43 1 is connected to the reservoir 4 via a cooler 4 32.
  • the top of 431, the cooler 432, and the reservoir 4333 are connected in a ring shape to form a closed circuit.
  • the reservoir 43 3 has its top located higher than the top of the fractionator 43 1. It is arranged so that it may be. In addition, the cooler 43 is arranged at a position higher than the top of the reservoir 43.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the fractionator 431 and the cooler 432 should be connected to the top opening of the fractionator 431, at the opening of the ceiling surface.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the reservoir 43 3 and the top of the rectifier 43 1 is connected to the top of the rectifier 43 1. It is connected to the opening formed in the surface.
  • the piping between the outer expansion device 4 2 4 and the indoor expansion device 4 25 is carried out through an open / close valve 4 3 4 and a sub-expansion device 4 3 It is connected to the bottom of the separator 43 1.
  • the bottom of the fractionator 43 1 is connected to the compressor 4 2 1 via the auxiliary expansion device 4 3 6, the cooler 4 3 2, and the open / close valve 4 3 7.
  • the compressor is connected to the suction pipe of a compressor that connects the two-way valve and the four-way valve. Further, in the cooler 43, a force is applied from the bottom of the fractionator 43 1 to the opening / closing valve 43 7 via the auxiliary expansion device 43 6 from the bottom thereof.
  • the medium and the cooling medium at the top of the fractionator 431 are configured to indirectly exchange heat with each other.
  • As the cooler 4 32 it is possible to use a double pipe structure.
  • the bottom of the reservoir 4 33 is connected to the compressor 4 2 1 and the four-way valve via an open / close valve 4 3 8.
  • the open / close valves 428 and 4330 are closed, and the high-pressure coolant gas that has exited the compressor 42 1 is connected to the four-way valve 4.
  • the heat After passing through 22, the heat is radiated to the outside air by the outdoor heat exchanger 42 and is condensed into liquid.
  • the condensed and liquefied liquid coolant is supplied to the outdoor expansion device 4.
  • the pressure is reduced through the indoor expansion device 4 and the indoor expansion device 4 2 5, and is sent to the indoor heat generator 4 2 6. Sent to the indoor heat exchanger 4 26
  • the cooling medium absorbs heat from the indoor space and contributes to the cooling, and evaporates itself, passes again through the four-way valve 422, and returns to the compressor 421.
  • the open / close valves 428 and 4330 are closed, and the high-pressure refrigerant gas exiting the compressor 42 1 is a four-way valve 4 2 2, the indoor heat exchanger 4 2 6 radiates heat to the indoor space and contributes to the heating, and condenses itself to expand the indoor expansion device 4 25, outdoor The pressure is reduced through the expansion device 4 2 4.
  • the depressurized refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 423, evaporates, passes again through the four-way valve 422, and passes to the compressor 421. I will return.
  • the heat storage operation mode in which heat is stored in the heat storage material 440 in the heat storage tank 439 will be described.
  • the open / close valve 428 is opened and closed, and the open / close valve 430 is closed, and the outdoor expansion device 424 is open. It is in a released state, and the indoor expansion device 425 is in a closed or slightly opened slightly opened state.
  • the opening / closing is controlled in this way, the high-pressure coolant gas that has exited the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger. Almost no coolant flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427 through the opening / closing valve 428, and hardly flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427. Then, the cooling medium flowing into the heat storage heat exchanger 422 releases heat to the heat storage material 440 contained in the heat storage tank 439, and the heat is stored. Heat material 440 This heat is stored.
  • the coolant flowing out of the heat storage heat exchanger 427 is depressurized through the heat storage expansion device 429 and the outdoor expansion device 424, and the outdoor heat is reduced. It flows to exchanger 4 23.
  • the cooling medium that has absorbed heat from outside air and contributed to the cooling in the outdoor heat exchanger 42 3 evaporates by itself, passes through the four-way valve 42 2 again, and Return to the compressor 4 2 1.
  • the heat storage operation mode in which the heat is stored using the heat storage material 440 in the outdoor heat storage tank 439 to perform heating.
  • the open / close valve 428 is closed, and the open / close valve 430 is opened.
  • the outdoor expansion device 424 is in a fully closed state, and the indoor expansion device 425 is in an open state.
  • the high-pressure cooling gas that has exited the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2, and all of the cooling medium flows. Flows into the indoor heat exchanger 4 26.
  • the cooling medium that has been discharged into the room space by the indoor heat exchangers 42 and contributed to the heating is condensed by itself and expanded in the room and the heat storage expansion device.
  • the pressure is reduced through the extension device 429 and flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427.
  • the coolant flowing into the heat storage heat exchanger 422 absorbs heat from the stored heat storage material 440 having a high temperature.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat storage heat exchanger 422 returns to the compressor 421 through the opening / closing valve 430.
  • the refrigerant's vaporization temperature is maintained at a high level, the pressure is increased, and the main circuit The amount of refrigerant circulation increases. As a result, the heating capacity is increased.
  • the heat storage material 440 only absorbs heat and the outdoor heat exchange as an evaporator. It is also possible to operate a mode that uses the device 4 23 together. By using the outdoor heat exchanger 423 in this way, if the operation is performed with the opening degree of the outdoor expansion device 424 adjusted, the heating can be performed. This is effective in the case where the heat storage amount of the heat storage material 440 has decreased with respect to the load.
  • Example 16 the storage of heat in the heat storage material 44 and the use of the stored heat depend on the opening and closing valves 428 and 4330. It can be easily realized only by a simple operation of switching.
  • a part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the fractionator 43 1 is reduced in pressure through the sub-expansion device 4 36 to provide a low-temperature two-phase coolant. Then, it flows into cooler 4 32. In the cooler 43, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the coolant at the top of the rectifier 43 1.
  • the cooling medium in the reservoir 4 3 3 gradually increases its power D, and moves down the rectifying separator 4 3 1 by the head of the liquid cooling medium in the storage 4 3 3. .
  • the ascent of the inside of the vessel 43 1 is started, cooled by the cooler 43 2, liquefied, and stored in the reservoir 43 33. Then, the refrigerant returns to the top of the rectifier 431, and descends down the rectifier 431
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 431 gradually becomes a refrigerant having a high boiling point, and passes through the opening / closing valve 434 and the sub-expansion device 435.
  • ⁇ flows into the sub-expansion device 436, the cooler 432, and the like.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling-point coolant, and when the load is small, the power is reduced to the corresponding capacity. Can be obtained.
  • the pressure decreases, even when the temperature of the heat storage material 440 rises during the heat storage operation and the condensing temperature rises, the high pressure is lowered. High condensing temperature can be generated while maintaining the upper limit of the pressure of the compressor 421, and the heat storage temperature can be maintained. It is possible to increase the amount of heat storage by increasing the temperature.
  • Example 16 the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the cooling cycle was cooled by the cooler 43. Since the heat is used as a cooling source, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 4 32 can be reduced in size, not only in precision. Make sure that the gas at the top of the fractionator 43 1 is liquefied.
  • the open / close valve 4 38 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the reservoir 43 3 and the compressor 4 21. Since the connection is made, the coolant in the storage device 43 33 can be made to flow out in a short time, and the followability to the load can be improved.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 428, 430 is as follows. It is possible to switch to the storage mode or the thermal storage mode only by using this function. In addition, the excess cooling medium is stored by the opening and closing operation of the opening and closing valve 4 3 4, and the force S is adjusted in each mode to the optimum cooling medium amount. As a result, the heat pump apparatus of Example 16 can be operated at a high efficiency.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 uses only the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 428 and 4330, and operates the cooling operation.
  • the cooling system of the main circuit can be changed during the time and during the heating operation. Therefore, the t: port pump device of the embodiment 16 can perform the power control with high accuracy in response to the load.
  • the compressor 421 is not particularly limited, and the performance of the compressor such as an in-house compressor is not limited. It is possible to use a variable-pressure compressor or a plurality of compressors, and the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431, may be introduced from a gas such as the cooling gas of the discharge pipe of the compressor.
  • the cooling source of the cooler 4 32 is connected to the suction line of the compressor 4 21. The same effect can be achieved using pipes or other cooling sources.
  • FIG. 31 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 17.
  • FIG. 32 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 17 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 17 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat storage temperature sensor 44 which detects the temperature of the heat storage material 44 in the heat storage tank 43, is used. It is set up.
  • the thermal storage temperature sensor 440 1 is arranged inside the typical thermal storage material 440 and is configured to detect the temperature thereof. .
  • the detected temperature information is sent to the arithmetic control unit 443 and subjected to arithmetic processing.
  • the storage device 442 stores the temperature of the heat storage material 440 set in advance.
  • the operation control device 4 4 3 is the heat storage material detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 4 4 1 and the heat storage material setting temperature to stored in the storage device 4 4 2.
  • the heat storage material temperature t of the material 440 is compared and calculated, and the open / close valves 434, 437, 438 are controlled to open / close.
  • the operation control device 443 has a function of determining the continuation time of the operation of the opening / closing valve.
  • the heat pump of the embodiment 16 shown in FIG. 30 described above was used. The explanation is omitted because it is the same as the cooling cycle of the top pump device.
  • FIG. 32 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 17 of the present invention.
  • the compressor 42 1 is started while the temperature of the heat storage material is low, centering on the operation in the heat storage mode. The case is described as a start.
  • the opening and closing valves 4 3 4 are closed and the opening and closing valves 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are required because a large amount of power is required at the beginning of heat storage. Is open (STEP 1).
  • the high-pressure coolant gas exiting the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2 and almost all of the coolant is cooled.
  • the medium flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427 through the opening / closing valve 428.
  • This coolant discharges heat to the heat storage material 440 contained in the heat storage tank 439, and this heat is stored in the heat storage material 440.
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is determined (STEP 2).
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 44 1 is stored in the storage device 44 2.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 4 3 4 and the opening / closing of the opening / closing valve 4 3 7, 4 3 8 No. is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 4 4 3.
  • the open / close valves 434 remain closed, and the open / close valves 437, 438 continue to operate while being opened.
  • the open / close valves 4 3 4 are closed, and the coolers 4 3 2 and the reservoir 4 3 3 are open / closed.
  • the open / close valves 4 3 7, 4 3 8 Is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 4 2 1 via the compressor, so that the rectification separator 4 3 1, the cooler 4 3 2, and the reservoir 4 3 3 Has low pressure gas inside and almost no coolant storage
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 can operate with a large capacity corresponding to the heat storage load.
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 is determined in the EP 2 and the heat storage material detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 4 4 4 4 4 If the temperature t of 0 exceeds the set temperature t 0 of the heat storage material stored in the storage device 4 4 2 (t> to), that is, the heat storage material 4
  • the open / close signals of the open / close valves 4 3 4 and 4 3 7 and the close signal of the open / close valves 4 3 8 Is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 4 4 3.
  • the open / close valves 434 and 437 are opened and the open / close valve 438 is closed (STEP3).
  • the condensing temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger 437 rises, and the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 also rises. Approach the high pressure upper limit where operation of 4 2 1 is possible.
  • a part of the medium-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited the thermal expansion device 429 passes through the opening / closing valve 343 and the sub-expansion device 435, and is subjected to rectification separation. Flow into the bottom of 4 3 1.
  • the operation of the cooling medium thereafter is the same as the operation described in Embodiment 16. As a result, the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling coolant.
  • the high-boiling coolant has a low pressure even at the same temperature.
  • the pressure gradually decreases as compared with the azeotropic mixture cooling medium.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 drops while maintaining the condensing temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger 4 37, and the high pressure upper limit at which operation is possible It will be possible to continue the heat storage operation away from it.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 gradually increases, and the condensing temperature also increases accordingly. Therefore, the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 can be greatly increased, and the heat storage amount of the heat storage material 44 can be increased.
  • the low-boiling refrigerant stored in the storage device 43 in STEP 3 When stored, the main circuit can be circulated to the high boiling point coolant composition. Therefore, even when the equipment is restarted after the equipment is stopped, it is not necessary to perform the rectification separation operation again, and the heat storage operation is improved by improving the operation efficiency. It can be continued.
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 is determined in STEP 6.
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 0 detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 44 1 is stored in the storage device 4 42
  • Semi-IJ for the force that does not exceed STEP 7).
  • STEP 7 if the temperature t of the heat storage material 440 is higher than the preset upper limit temperature tma X of the heat storage material 440 (t ⁇ tmax), Terminate the heat storage operation.
  • step 7 when the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 is lower than the upper limit temperature tmaX (t tmax), return to step 5 and store the heat storage material. Continue operation.
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 0 detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 44 1 is stored in the storage device 44 2.
  • the temperature of the heat storage material is lower than the set temperature (t ⁇ to)
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is low, and the heat storage load has increased. If so, return to STEP 1.
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 4 3 4 and the open / close signal of the open / close valve 4 3 7, 4 3 8 are sent from the operation control device 4 4 3, and the open / close valve is opened. 4 3 4 remains closed, and the open / close valves 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are opened.
  • the low-boiling coolant stored in the reservoir 43 33 is sucked into the compressor 42 21 via the opening and closing valves 43 37 and 43 38.
  • the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition.
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 can restart the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load.
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 has an open / close valve 438 connected directly to the suction pipe of the reservoir 433 and the compressor 4221.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 43 33 can be discharged in a short time, and the ability to follow the load can be improved.
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 detects the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0, and the temperature of the heat storage material rises.
  • the rectifying and separating operation is performed by opening and closing the open / close valves 4 35, 4 37, and 4 38 to make the main circuit a high-boiling coolant. Therefore, it is possible to store high-temperature heat while maintaining safe pressure with simple operation.
  • the sealed non-azeotropic refrigerant is operated at high efficiency. As a result, the time required for heat storage can be shortened.
  • Example 17 the time is judged in STEP 4 and if the operation of STEP 3 continues for a certain period of time, the process moves to STEP 5
  • the configured force detects the coolant composition that circulates through the main circuit in STEP 4 and when the coolant composition reaches the preset composition. The same effect can be obtained by moving to STEP 5 in that case.
  • the means for detecting the coolant composition include a method of estimating the pressure from the main circuit and the temperature.
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 441, and the circulation circuit of the main circuit is detected.
  • the same effect can be obtained by detecting and controlling the piping temperature etc. of the heat storage heat exchanger 422. It is.
  • the compressors 421 are not particularly limited, and the functions of the compressors, such as the inno-compressor, are not particularly limited. A similar effect can be obtained even with a force-variable type compressor or a plurality of compressors.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431 may be introduced from the discharge gas of the compressor or the like, or may be cooled.
  • the cooling source of 4 3 2 is the suction piping of compressor 4 2 1 and other cooling. A similar effect can be obtained using a source.
  • FIG. 33 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 18.
  • FIG. 34 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 18 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 18 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 18 has a discharge pressure sensor 4 4 4 for detecting the discharge pressure of the compressor 4 2 1 and the compressor 4 2 1. It is located in the discharge pipe.
  • the storage device 445 is the first set pressure P1 set in advance and the second set pressure P1.
  • the second set pressure P2 smaller than the set pressure P1 of 1 is stored.
  • the operation control device 446 is connected to the first set pressure P1, the second set pressure P2, and the discharge pressure set stored in the storage device 445.
  • the discharge pressure Pd detected by the sensor 444 is compared with the discharge pressure Pd, and the open / close valves 4 3 4 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are controlled.
  • the operation control device 446 has a function of determining the continuation time of the operation of the opening / closing valve.
  • the heat pump of the embodiment 16 shown in FIG. 30 described above was used. Since it is the same as the freeze cycle of the pump device, The description is omitted.
  • FIG. 34 is a control flow chart showing the control operation of the heat pump device of Example 18 in the following explanation.
  • the compressor 42 1 when the compressor 42 1 is started while the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is low, mainly the operation in the heat storage mode is performed. It is described as a start.
  • the open / close valve 4 3 4 is closed and the open / close valve 4 3 7 4 38 is open (STEP 1).
  • the high-pressure coolant gas exiting the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2 and almost all of the coolant is cooled.
  • the medium passes through the open / close valve 428.
  • the coolant passing through the open / close valve 4 28 flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 4 27, and enters the heat storage material 4 4 4 into the heat storage tank 4 3 9. The heat is released to 0, and this heat is stored in the heat storage material 44.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 is determined (STEP 2).
  • Pd ⁇ PI a constant pressure P1 or lower
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 440 is low and the condensing temperature in the heat storage heat exchanger 427 is low. Therefore, it is determined that the heat storage capacity is insufficient and the heat storage load is large.
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 4 3 4 and the open / close of the open / close valve 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 No. is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 446, the open / close valve 434 remains closed, and the open / close valves 437, 438 are opened. It happens.
  • the open / close valve 4 3 4 is closed, and the cooler 4 32 and the reservoir 4 3 3 are open. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 42 1 via the pipes 7 and 4 38, the fractionator 43 1, the cooler 4 3 2, and the storage are connected.
  • the inside of the reservoir 43 33 is a low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of coolant.
  • the cooling medium in the main circuit is driven by the mixed non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium which remains in the charged state. .
  • the heat pump device is driven with a large capacity, and can operate in accordance with the heat storage load.
  • the closing signal of 3 8 is sent from the operation control device 4 4 3.
  • the open / close valves 434 and 437 are opened and the open / close valve 438 is closed (STEP3).
  • the discharge pressure of 4 21 rises with the discharge pressure of compressor 4 2 1.
  • the pressure approaches the highest possible pressure for operation.
  • the refrigerant having a high boiling point has a low pressure even at the same temperature, so that the refrigerant is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant filled.
  • the pressure gradually decreases.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 421 decreases, and the operable high pressure rises. It will be lower than the limit. For this reason, the heat pump device is in a state in which the heat storage operation can be continued.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 gradually increases, and accordingly, the condensing temperature also increases, so that the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 greatly increases. It can be raised. As a result, the heat storage amount of the heat storage material 440 increases.
  • the main circuit is circulated with the high-boiling-point coolant. You can do it. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 18 must perform the rectification separation operation again even when the device is restarted after the device is stopped. In addition, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency and continue the heat storage operation.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 is determined in the STEP 6.
  • the pressure is higher than the constant pressure P 2 (P d> P 2), that is, when the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 is high and the heat storage load is small.
  • the discharge pressure is determined (STEP 7).
  • STEP 7 if the discharge pressure Pd is equal to or higher than the upper limit pressure Pmax stored in the storage device 445 (Pd ⁇ Pmax), Terminate the heat storage operation. If the discharge force Pd is smaller than the upper limit pressure Pmax (Pd ⁇ Pmax), the process returns to STEP5.
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the compressor 42 1 detected by the discharge pressure sensor 44 4 is recorded in the storage device 4 45.
  • the stored second set pressure P 2 or lower P d ⁇ P 2
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 4 3 4 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 4 3 7, 4 3 8 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 4 4 6, and the signal is opened.
  • the closing valves 4 3 4 are kept open and the opening / closing valves 4 2 3 and 4 2 4 are opened.
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 43 33 is sucked by the compressor 42 1 through the open / close valves 43 7 and 43 38 to be sucked by the compressor 42 1, and the main refrigerant is sucked.
  • the coolant composition of the circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition, and the large-capacity operation corresponding to the load can be resumed.
  • the opening and closing valve 4 38 was particularly connected directly to the suction pipe of the reservoir 4 3 3 and the compressor 4 2 1. Since it is connected, the coolant in the reservoir 43 33 can be discharged in a short time, and the load following property is good.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 18 detects the discharge pressure of the compressor 421, and the discharge pressure has been increased.
  • the rectifying and separating operation is performed by opening and closing the open / close valves 435, 437, and 438 to make the main circuit a high-boiling-point coolant. It has been.
  • the heat pump device of Example 18 is capable of storing heat at a high temperature while maintaining a safe pressure with a simple operation.
  • the sealed non-azeotropic refrigerant can perform high-performance operation.
  • the heat pump device of Figure 8 can reduce the time required for heat storage.
  • the first set pressure P 1 is substantially equivalent to the set condensing temperature in the sealed cooling medium composition before the rectification separation.
  • the second set pressure P 2 is approximately equivalent to the similar condensing temperature in the composition of the high-boiling-point coolant after rectification and separation. It is desirable to have a mean saturation pressure.
  • the pressure sensor 1444 detects the discharge pressure and circulates the main circuit. The control is performed to switch the cooling medium composition, but the same applies when detecting and controlling the condensing pressure of the heat storage heat exchanger 427. The effect appears.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431 may be introduced from the discharge gas of the compressor or the like, or may be cooled.
  • the same effect can be obtained by using the cooling pipe of compressor 421, the suction pipe of compressor 421, and other cooling sources.
  • FIG. 35 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 19.
  • FIG. 36 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 19.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 uses an invertor compressor 447, and a discharge pressure sensor for detecting the discharge pressure of the heat pump device. 4448 is arranged in the discharge pipe of the inno-compressor 447, and is connected. Further, in the heat pump device of the embodiment 19, the memory device 449 is the first set pressure P1 set in advance and the first set pressure P1. The second set pressure P2 smaller than the set pressure P1 is stored. The arithmetic and control unit 450 is the storage unit 449 The stored first set pressure P1 and the second set pressure P2 and the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 are compared with the stored first set pressure P1 and the second set pressure P2. A comparison operation is performed to control the opening and closing of the open / close valves 434, 437, and 438. The operation control device 450 has a function of determining the duration of the opening / closing valve operation.
  • control apparatus 45 1 controls the operation frequency of the inverter overnight compressor 447. And input the discharge pressure to the inverter evening compressor 447 so that it approaches the first set pressure or the second set pressure. Control the frequency of the signal.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 includes a cooling medium piping temperature of the cooling medium piping of the indoor heat exchanger 42 6 in a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction.
  • Temperature sensor 452 that detects the temperature and the pressure sensor that detects the refrigerant pressure at the same position as the temperature sensor 452 It has been set up with four hundred fifty-five powers.
  • the operational control device 45 ⁇ has the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 453. Therefore, the coolant composition of the main circuit is detected and compared with the preset coolant composition, and the open / close valves 43, 437, 438 are opened. It also has a function to open and close.
  • the heat pump of the embodiment 16 shown in FIG. 30 described above was used. Since this is the same as the cooling cycle of the top pump device, its description is omitted.
  • FIG. 36 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 19.
  • the operation in the heat storage mode is mainly performed, and the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is low while the temperature of the heat storage material is low.
  • the case where 4 4 7 is activated will be described as a start.
  • the opening and closing valve 4 3 4 is closed and the opening and closing valve 4 3 7 4 38 is open (STEP 1).
  • the high-pressure coolant gas exiting the inverter evening compressor 447 passes through the four-way valve 422, Most of the cooling medium flows through the opening / closing valve 428 and flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 422.
  • the cooling medium flowing into the heat storage heat exchanger 427 flows into the storage medium. The heat is released to the heat storage material 44 0 contained in the heat tank 4 39, and the heat is stored in the heat storage material 4 40.
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter evening compressor 447 detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 is sent to the control device 4 ⁇ 1. It is.
  • the discharge pressure Pd is compared with the value of the first set pressure P1 preset in the storage device 449. (STEP 2).
  • the heat storage heat exchanger 427 has a low condensing temperature, and therefore, the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter evening compressor 444. Is less than or equal to the first set pressure P 1 (P d ⁇ P l). In this case, a command to increase the frequency of the inno- cere compressor 447 is issued by the frequency control device 45.
  • the compressor 447 increases the number of revolutions and the amount of circulation increases, and the The discharge pressure Pd of the compressor 447 gradually increases, and then, again, in STEP 2, the discharge pressure Pd is half-IJ-determined.
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter compressor 447 detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 is pC fe to the BC'L unit li449. If the first set pressure P 1 exceeds a certain value (P d> P 1), it indicates that the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 has risen.
  • the frequency of the signal input to the inverter compressor 447 is adjusted by the frequency control unit 451.
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the compressor 449 can be maintained at the first set pressure P1.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 can be safely connected without exceeding the high pressure upper limit of the INHA's compressor 447. It becomes possible to operate heat storage
  • the frequency F of the in-compressor compressor 447 is operating at the lowest frequency F 1 n. If the frequency F of the inverter evening compressor 4 47 is higher than the lowest frequency F m (F> F min), return to STEP 2 again. Frequency control is performed. On the other hand, the inverse evening pressure If the frequency F of the compressor 44 is less than the minimum frequency Fm (F ⁇ F min), the open / close signals and open / close signals of the open / close valves 4 3 4 and 4 3 7 The closing signal of the valve 438 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 450, the open / close valves 434, 437 are opened and the open / close valve 438 is closed. It is done. (5 TEP 5).
  • the part of the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited the thermal storage and expansion device 429 is connected to the open / close valve 343 and the sub-expansion device 435. Through the bottom of the fractionator 431. Then, the coolant performs the same operation as that described in the above-mentioned embodiment 16 and the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling-point coolant.
  • the high-boiling-point refrigerant Due to the opening and closing operation, the high-boiling-point refrigerant has a low pressure even at the same temperature, so that it can be a charged non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant. In addition, the pressure gradually decreases.
  • the compression temperature of the heat storage device 427 was maintained while maintaining the condensation temperature of the heat storage device 427.
  • the discharge pressure of the machine 447 drops, and it becomes lower than the upper limit of the operable pressure. For this reason, the heat pump device of Embodiment 19 can continue the heat storage operation.
  • the discharge pressure of the inverter / compressor 447 as the heat storage operation proceeds.
  • the force P d gradually rises, and consequently, the condensing temperature also rises.
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 440 can be significantly increased, and the amount of heat storage increases.
  • the operation control device 450 is connected to the temperature detection value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and the pressure sensor. Based on the detected pressure value detected in 1-453, the refrigerant composition C that circulates through the main circuit is detected. If the detected coolant composition C does not reach the preset coolant composition C o (coolant composition with many high-boiling-point coolants) (C ⁇ In C 0), rectification separation operation is continued as in STEP 5. On the other hand, when the detected coolant composition C reaches the preset coolant composition C 0 (coolant composition having a lot of high-boiling-point coolant) (C > For Co), move to STEP 7.
  • the preset coolant composition C o coolant composition with many high-boiling-point coolants
  • the main circuit is determined based on the temperature detection value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and the detection pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 453.
  • the principle by which the circulating coolant composition C can be detected will be described with reference to FIG. 37.
  • Fig. 37 is a characteristic diagram in which the horizontal axis shows the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor 452, and the vertical axis shows the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor 453. is there .
  • the temperature detection value in the set composition The relationship between the pressure detection value and the pressure detection value is represented by a single curved line as shown by a line A.
  • FIG 37 the relationship between the temperature detection value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and the detection pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 453 is shown. If the point to be broken is at point B, the pressure at point B is higher than the pressure at line A of the configured coolant composition at the same temperature. In other words, it can be determined that the cooling medium composition of the main circuit at this time has not reached the set cooling medium composition having a high boiling point.
  • the temperature detection value and pressure detected by the temperature sensor 45 2 If the point related to the detected pressure value detected by the force sensor 45 3 is at point C, the pressure at point C must be at the same temperature. Reaching the cooling medium composition that is lower than the pressure of the set cooling medium line A, that is, the cooling medium composition has a set high boiling point cooling medium You can judge that you have done it.
  • the discharge pressure of the in-compressor compressor 447 is determined.
  • the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 exceeds the second set pressure P2 stored in the storage device 449.
  • the discharge pressure P The judgment of d is performed (STEP 9).
  • STEP 9 when the discharge pressure Pd is higher than the upper limit pressure Pmax stored in the storage device 449.
  • P d ⁇ P max the heat storage operation is terminated.
  • the discharge pressure Pd is smaller than the upper limit pressure Pmax (Pd ⁇ Pmax)
  • the process returns to STEP 7.
  • the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 1447 is stored in the storage device 449.
  • P2 the set pressure P2 is equal to or lower than P2 (Pd ⁇ P2), it is determined that the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 is low and the heat storage load is large. If so, return to STEP 1 and open and close the valve.
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 43 3 is sucked into the compressor 447 via the opening and closing valves 437, 438.
  • the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition, and the large-capacity operation corresponding to the load can be restarted.
  • the opening / closing valve 438 is connected to the reservoir 4333 and the suction of the INNOVA compressor 447. Since it is directly connected to the piping, the coolant in the reservoir 43 33 can be discharged in a short period of time, and the load following property is good.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 detects the discharge pressure of the inverter overnight compressor 447, and the discharge pressure is substantially equal to that of the heat pump device.
  • the discharge pressure exceeds the preset set pressure, and the capacity of the compressor is increased.
  • the operation control device that opens and closes the opening and closing valve when the amount is the smallest is installed, so that the heat storage operation can be fully utilized by fully utilizing the performance of the device.
  • the time required for the turn can be shortened.
  • the high pressure of the refrigeration cycle can be safely reduced from the force which cannot be suppressed without exceeding the allowable pressure of the compressor. High-temperature heat storage operation can be performed, and the heat storage amount can be greatly increased D.
  • Example 19 the first set pressure P 1 was set at the condensing temperature set in the cooling medium composition sealed before the rectification separation. It is desirable to have an average saturation pressure that is approximately equivalent each time. Further, in the composition of the high-boiling-point coolant after the rectification separation, the second set pressure P 2 is an average saturation which is substantially equivalent to a similar condensing temperature. It is desirable to use sum pressure.
  • the discharge pressure sensor 4447 detects the discharge pressure and circulates through the main circuit. Although control is performed to switch the cooling medium composition to be circulated, even if control is performed by detecting the condensing pressure of the heat storage heat exchanger 427, etc. An effect similar to that of Example 19 is obtained.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431 may be introduced from the discharge gas of the compressor or the like, or may be cooled. Even if the cooling source of 43 2 uses the suction piping of the compressor 4 21 or other cooling sources, the same effect as in the embodiment 19 is obtained.
  • R22 is a substitute for R22 as a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant to be sealed in the heat pump apparatus of Example 19.
  • cooling medium having a low boiling point R 3 2 , R 1 25 and R 1 34 a, which have a high boiling point can be made to have a large difference in boiling point, which is advantageous for rectification and separation performance.
  • the rate of reduction in power is also large, and optimal power control is possible even for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 38 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 20.
  • FIG. 39 is a graph showing a characteristic curve in the heat pump device of the embodiment 20.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 20 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 20 includes a temperature sensor 45 5 for detecting the coolant temperature of the reservoir 4 33, and a reservoir 4 3 3 There is a pressure sensor 456 to detect the refrigerant pressure.
  • the operation control device 457 in the heat pump device of the embodiment 20 is the first set pressure stored in the storage device 449. P1 is compared with the second set pressure P2 and the discharge pressure Pcl detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 to calculate and open and close the valve 4 3 4 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are controlled to open and close.
  • Reference numeral 57 denotes a function for determining the duration of operation of the opening / closing valve, the temperature detection value of the reservoir 43 3 detected by the temperature sensor 45 5, and the pressure sensor.
  • the arithmetic control unit 457 calculates the refrigerant composition of the main circuit from the detected refrigerant composition of the reservoir 43 33, and sets the refrigerant composition that has been set in advance. Controls the open / close valves 4 3 4, 4 3 7, 4 3 8.
  • step 6 of Example 20 the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 455 and the refrigerant temperature detected by the reservoir 433, and the pressure The pressure detection value of the coolant of the reservoir 43 33 detected by the sensor 4556 is sent to the operation control device 457.
  • the arithmetic control unit 457 uses the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor 455 and the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor 456 to determine the main value. The composition of the refrigerant circulating in the circuit is detected.
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing force detection values.
  • the total refrigerant amount W of the heat pump device and the refrigerant amount Wh of the high boiling point refrigerant are known.
  • the amount of coolant W s stored in the storage device 433 is also determined by the capacity of the storage device 433 and is known.
  • the refrigerant amount W hs of the high boiling point refrigerant stored in the reservoir 43 33 is known, the percentage of the high boiling point refrigerant amount in the main circuit ( W hc / W h), that is, the refrigerant composition of the main circuit can be calculated.In other words, in order to reach the set refrigerant composition in the main circuit, , It is possible to calculate the value of the coolant composition of the reservoir.
  • the horizontal axis shows the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor -455
  • the vertical axis shows the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor 4556.
  • the reservoir 4 33 is assumed to be a saturated liquid because it is almost occupied by a liquid
  • the reservoir 43 3 3 is used for establishing a refrigerant composition having a main circuit set.
  • the relationship between the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant composition is represented by a single curved line as shown by a line D.
  • the cooling circuit composition of the reservoir 43 which is lower than the pressure of the coolant composition line D set, that is, the low boiling point cooling medium composition of the reservoir 43, is small, and the main circuit is connected. It is determined that the circulating coolant composition has not reached the set high-boiling coolant. For this reason, the operation of rectification separation is continued as in STEP 5.
  • the heat pump device detects the discharge pressure of the ino-noise pressure compressor 447, and the discharge pressure is substantially reduced.
  • the frequency of the compressor so that it becomes constant, it is possible to exceed the upper limit pressure of the INNOVA compressor 447. In this case, it is possible to easily operate without heat, and to perform safe heat storage operation.
  • the discharge pressure exceeds the preset set pressure and the capacity of the compressor.
  • the operation control device that opens and closes the opening and closing valve when the amount is the smallest is installed, so that the heat storage operation can be fully utilized by fully utilizing the performance of the device.
  • the time required for the turn can be shortened.
  • the high pressure of the refrigeration cycle is reduced to the allowable pressure of the compressor. It is possible to safely perform high-temperature heat storage operation from the low and suppressed power S without exceeding the power, and to greatly increase the heat storage capacity. And can be done.
  • FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a rectification separator used for the heat pump apparatus of Example 21.
  • the container 52 0 of the rectifying separator is constituted by a cylindrical straight pipe which is elongated in the vertical direction.
  • the coolant flows from the main circuit of the heat pump device through the inflow connection pipe 52 1.
  • the inlet connection pipe 52 1 is provided at the bottom of the container 52 0, and mainly flows the gas cooling medium in the gas-liquid two-phase cooling medium from the main circuit. It flows into the container 520 through the inlet connection pipe 521, and rises inside the container 520.
  • An outlet connection pipe 52 2 for allowing the coolant to flow out to the main circuit of the heat pump device is provided at the bottom of the container 5 20.
  • the liquid coolant that has descended from the section 52 flows out of the main circuit of the heat pump apparatus through the outflow connection section 522.
  • the filling material 5 2 3 is inserted into the inside of the cylindrical container 5 20.
  • the outlet pipe 52 4 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the vessel 52 0.
  • the open end is located inside the top.
  • the liquid return pipe 525 for returning the liquid refrigerant from the reservoir penetrates from the top surface of the container 5200 to a horizontal plane to a position near the center of the container 5200. .
  • the open end of the liquid return pipe 52 5 is located above the filler 52 3 in the container 52 and below the gas outlet pipe 52 4.
  • FIG. 41 is an enlarged view of the packing material 52 3 inserted into the inside of the vessel 52 0 of the rectification separator in the embodiment 21 according to the present invention. It is. As shown in FIG. 41, the filling material 52 3 is a woven fabric 52 6 having a mesh.
  • the woven fabric 526 is formed using a metal wire such as stainless steel or copper, and the woven fabric 526 is wound into a cylindrical shape.
  • Fig. 42 is inserted into the inside of the vessel 52 of the rectification separator.
  • Fig. 42 is a perspective view showing a state in which the fabric 52 26 is wound.
  • the object 526 is woven and formed into a shape having an appropriate space between the wires due to weaving.
  • Example 21 a plurality of woven fabrics 526 are stacked and wound from one end of the woven fabric 526 to form a helical end surface. Thus, the whole is formed in a columnar shape.
  • the cross-sectional diameter of the packing material 52 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder of the vessel 52 0 of the rectifying separator.
  • the object 523 is inserted into the container 520 of the rectifying separator while pressing the container 520 toward the center of the container 520. Due to the formation in this way, the outer peripheral surface of the packing material 52 3 is rectified. It comes into contact with the inner surface of the cylinder of the separator vessel without any gap.
  • Example 21 the cross-sectional direct diameter of the wire constituting the filler 523 was about 0.2 mm. Also, in a state where the packing material 52 3 is inserted into the vessel 52 0 of the rectifying separator, the packing material 5 23 is filled in the space inside the vessel 5 20 It is manufactured to have a rate of about 90%.
  • the filling material 5 23 is composed of a woven fabric 5 26 made of a metal wire or the like as shown in Fig. 41, and the filling material 5 23 is a rule. As a result, a uniform weave can be created, and the gap between the wires can be made uniform. Further, as shown in FIG. 42, the filling material 52 3 is wound from one end face to form a cylindrical shape, and inserted into the container 52 0. As a result, a uniform porosity suitable for rising the gas coolant can be ensured. Also, by configuring the packing material 52 3 as described above, the gas-liquid contact area with the descending liquid cooling medium is increased, so that the gas-liquid contact is reduced. Facilitates and improves separation performance.
  • the cross-sectional diameter of the packing material 52 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder of the container 52 0 in the state immediately after forming.
  • the container 520 is inserted into the container 520 while being pressed substantially in the center of the container 520.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the packing material 52 3 is formed on the outer surface of the container 5 20 by its own restoring force due to the formation of the packing material 5 23 from the woven fabric. It comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder without any gap. Therefore, the filling material 52 3 can be held at the insertion position by the frictional force between the inner peripheral surface of the container 52 0 and the filling material 52 3.
  • the packing material 52 3 does not move inside the container 5 20, and therefore, the holders are placed above and below the packing material 5 2 3. There is no need to set up such as.
  • the configuration of the rectification separator in Example 21 can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the heat pump device can be reduced. Reduction can be achieved.
  • the fillers 5 2 3 need only be inserted into the container 5 20 at a time, and a plurality of packings for sealing a large number of conventional small-sized packings. This eliminates the need for multiple insertions, greatly reducing the time required for manufacturing and assembling.
  • NTP umber sof TheoriteticalPlate
  • Figure 43 is a graph showing the results of an experiment in which the separation performance of the packing material was evaluated.
  • the diameter of the cross-section of the packing material was set at 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.35 mm.
  • the porosity was compared for five types: 80%, 85%, '90%, 95%, and 97.5%.
  • the maximum is obtained.
  • NTP power is also good, and the highest NTP power is obtained when the diameter of the cross section is 0.2 mm and the void ratio is 90%. It was so bad.
  • the tendency of the separation performance depending on the diameter of the cross section of the cross section is that if the vacancy rate is the same, the larger the cross section diameter of the wire, the smaller the surface area will be. As the liquid contact area decreases, the separation performance deteriorates.
  • the refrigerant liquid flowing down the rectification separator generally has a tendency to flow toward the wall surface of the container 520, so that the cooling liquid flowing down is outside and upward.
  • the cooling gas flows through the inside, causing the phenomenon that the gas-liquid contact is not sufficiently performed.
  • it is configured so that the void ratio of the cylindrically formed packing material 52 3 is reduced in the outer circumferential direction. For this reason, the void ratio on the outer peripheral side of the packing material 52 3 is small, so that the coolant liquid becomes difficult to flow, and the flow of the refrigerant liquid moves to the outer peripheral direction. To prevent A uniform flow can be obtained at the cross section. Similarly, even for a gas that rises and rises, the gap between the refrigerant fluid that descends and rises, so that the gas-liquid contact has a good cross-section and good separation performance. It is something that can be further improved.
  • the method of manufacturing the filling material 52 3 should be such that the thickness of the filling material 5 23 becomes as thin as possible so as to be located at the outer circumferential position in the fabric 5 26 shown in FIG. After forming with a lace, etc., the woven fabric 52 26 is wound around one end of the wrap around the inner circumference, so that the end face is spiral and the whole May be formed in a columnar shape. By manufacturing the packing material 52 3 in this manner, the void ratio of the packing material 52 3 is formed so as to become smaller as going toward the outer circumference. .
  • the shape of the wire woven fabric is not limited to the one shown in Fig. 41, and various weaves can be considered, but the gap between the wires is appropriately distributed. Any weave is included in the present invention. Industrial availability
  • the operation when the load is large, the operation is performed with a large amount of the coolant while maintaining the filled coolant composition, and when the load is small,
  • the main circuit can be operated with a high-boiling refrigerant and a small amount of refrigerant.

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PCT/JP2000/001885 1999-04-02 2000-03-27 Pompe à chaleur WO2000060288A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00911399A EP1094285A1 (en) 1999-04-02 2000-03-27 Heat pump
KR1020007013577A KR20010052480A (ko) 1999-04-02 2000-03-27 히트펌프장치

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11/96305 1999-04-02
JP11096305A JP2000292019A (ja) 1999-04-02 1999-04-02 ヒートポンプ装置
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JP11/163294 1999-06-10
JP11/163297 1999-06-10
JP11/163295 1999-06-10
JP11163297A JP2000346471A (ja) 1999-06-10 1999-06-10 ヒートポンプ装置
JP11163294A JP2000346473A (ja) 1999-06-10 1999-06-10 ヒートポンプ装置
JP11218632A JP2001041600A (ja) 1999-08-02 1999-08-02 蓄熱ヒートポンプ装置
JP11/218632 1999-08-02
JP11/319236 1999-11-10
JP31923699A JP2001133059A (ja) 1999-11-10 1999-11-10 ヒートポンプ装置

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CN104634009A (zh) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-20 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调循环装置的控制方法
CN107560233A (zh) * 2017-09-04 2018-01-09 江苏泰利达新材料股份有限公司 一种酒精热泵精馏余热再利用系统装置
CN108895736A (zh) * 2018-04-02 2018-11-27 合肥华凌股份有限公司 一种过冷循环系统控制方法、过冷循环系统及冷柜
CN110701821A (zh) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-17 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 空调器及其控制方法、控制装置和计算机可读存储介质

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JP2010032159A (ja) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-12 Denso Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
GB2497987A (en) * 2011-12-23 2013-07-03 Delaval Internat Ab Bulk fluid refrigeration and heating apparatus
CN103836852A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2014-06-04 天津汉姆镀膜科技有限公司 一种分凝分离器
WO2017029819A1 (ja) * 2015-08-17 2017-02-23 三菱電機株式会社 熱利用装置
JP6664516B2 (ja) * 2016-12-21 2020-03-13 三菱電機株式会社 ヒートポンプ利用機器
CN110953628A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-03 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 多级串联热泵系统及其控制方法
CN113531933B (zh) * 2021-07-05 2022-07-26 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种冷媒循环量调节方法、装置及空调系统
CN113587469B (zh) * 2021-08-02 2022-11-15 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 一种温控系统的控制装置、方法和温控系统

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CN104634009A (zh) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-20 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调循环装置的控制方法
CN104634009B (zh) * 2013-11-14 2017-02-08 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调循环装置的控制方法
CN107560233A (zh) * 2017-09-04 2018-01-09 江苏泰利达新材料股份有限公司 一种酒精热泵精馏余热再利用系统装置
CN108895736A (zh) * 2018-04-02 2018-11-27 合肥华凌股份有限公司 一种过冷循环系统控制方法、过冷循环系统及冷柜
CN108895736B (zh) * 2018-04-02 2020-05-01 合肥华凌股份有限公司 一种过冷循环系统控制方法、过冷循环系统及冷柜
CN110701821A (zh) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-17 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 空调器及其控制方法、控制装置和计算机可读存储介质

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