WO2000060288A9 - Pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Pompe à chaleur

Info

Publication number
WO2000060288A9
WO2000060288A9 PCT/JP2000/001885 JP0001885W WO0060288A9 WO 2000060288 A9 WO2000060288 A9 WO 2000060288A9 JP 0001885 W JP0001885 W JP 0001885W WO 0060288 A9 WO0060288 A9 WO 0060288A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
closing device
closing
compressor
expansion device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/001885
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
WO2000060288A1 (fr
Inventor
Kazuo Nakatani
Michiyoshi Kusaka
Takayuki Takatani
Original Assignee
Matsushita Refrigeration
Kazuo Nakatani
Michiyoshi Kusaka
Takayuki Takatani
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP11096305A external-priority patent/JP2000292019A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11163295A external-priority patent/JP2000346477A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11163294A external-priority patent/JP2000346473A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11163297A external-priority patent/JP2000346471A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11218632A external-priority patent/JP2001041600A/ja
Priority claimed from JP31923699A external-priority patent/JP2001133059A/ja
Application filed by Matsushita Refrigeration, Kazuo Nakatani, Michiyoshi Kusaka, Takayuki Takatani filed Critical Matsushita Refrigeration
Priority to KR1020007013577A priority Critical patent/KR20010052480A/ko
Priority to EP00911399A priority patent/EP1094285A1/fr
Publication of WO2000060288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000060288A1/fr
Publication of WO2000060288A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000060288A9/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/08—Refrigeration machines, plants and systems having means for detecting the concentration of a refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump device using a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant, and more particularly, to a heat pump flowing through a main circuit of a heat pump.
  • the present invention relates to a heat pump device capable of changing its performance by changing its composition. Background technology
  • a conventional heat pump that uses a non-azeotropic cooling medium to change the cooling medium composition that flows through the main circuit of the heat pump to change the performance.
  • a pump device there is the power disclosed in the official gazette of Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-444582.
  • Fig. 44 4 is a system configuration diagram showing the cooling / freezing cycle in the conventional heat pump device disclosed in the above-mentioned bulletin.
  • the conventional heat pump device is a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a main circuit expansion device 4, and
  • the room is provided with a paternal commutator 5 which is connected in a sequential ring to form a main circuit of the heat pump device.
  • the length of the inflator 6 is It is connected to a cooling medium pipe that connects the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the main circuit expansion device 4, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the rectification separator 7. It has been.
  • a cooler 8 is disposed above the rectifier separator 7. The pipes leading out from both ends of the cooler 8 are connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifier separator 7 and the side surfaces at the top, respectively, and form a ring. It is configured .
  • the cooler 8 also serves as a coolant storage.
  • the cooler 8 is connected between the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2, and a suction pipe to the compressor 1 penetrates through the cooler 8.
  • the indirect heat exchange between the coolant at the top of the $ R fractionator 7 and the coolant from the four-way valve 2 to the compressor 1 Is configured to
  • one end of the expander 9 is a cooling medium pipe connecting the main circuit expander 4 and the indoor heat exchanger 5. And the other end is connected to the bottom of the rectifier 7
  • the refrigerant flow path composed of the expander 6, the rectifier separator 7, the cooler 8, and the expander 9 is referred to as a rectification circuit 10. It is called.
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the four-way valve 2 to the indoor heat exchanger 5.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with the indoor air to heat the interior of the room.
  • the coolant discharged in the indoor heat exchanger 5 is liquefied and discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 5.
  • Indoor heat exchanger 5 The refrigerant discharged from the cooling device is separated into a flow to the rectification circuit 10 through the expander 9 and a flow to the main circuit through the main circuit expansion device 4. Be washed away.
  • the coolant passing through the main circuit expansion device 4 evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, passes through the four-way valve 2, and is sucked into the compressor 1 again. It is done.
  • the refrigerant branched to the rectification circuit 10 is depressurized by the expander 9 and flows into the bottom of the rectification separator 7.
  • the state of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 7 is changed to a liquid state according to the capacity of the indoor heat exchanger 5 used for the cooling medium. In some cases, it may be in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
  • the refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state flows from the indoor heat exchanger 5 to the bottom of the rectifying separator 7, the gas-liquid separation is performed in the rectifying separator 7. Be promoted.
  • the refrigerant in the gas phase (gas state) having many low-boiling components is transferred to the top of the rectifier separator 7 and has a high boiling point.
  • the refrigerant in a liquid state having a large amount of component is accumulated at the bottom of the rectifying separator 7.
  • the cooling medium in the gas phase (gas state) at the top of the rectifying separator 7 is cooled from the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifying separator 7.
  • the cooling medium flowing into the cooling device 8 from the rectifying / separating device 7 in the cooling device 8 is connected to the low-temperature cooling medium flowing from the four-way valve 2 to the compressor 1. It is liquefied and stored by direct heat exchange.
  • the liquid coolant exceeding the amount that can be stored in the cooler 8 passes through a coolant distribution pipe connecting the cooler 8 and the top side surface of the rectifying separator 7.
  • the cooling medium having the low boiling point is used in both the cooling and the heating.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 7 becomes the intermediate pressure of the main circuit, and the rectifying separation is also operated by this pressure. Therefore, the top of the rectifier 7 has a large amount of low-boiling components, so that the saturation temperature for liquefying the rising gas phase is high. Lower.
  • the suction line between the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2 is used as a cooling source of the cooler 8, the suction overheating of the compressor 1 is performed. If the temperature is high, the cooling medium temperature of the cooling source rises. As a result, the temperature for liquefying the gas phase at the top of the rectifier 7 becomes insufficient, and the heat of cooling becomes insufficient. As a result, a non-azeotropic refrigerant having a relatively large boiling point difference is separated. In such a case, in the conventional heat pump device, the separation width was reduced, and the width of the capability control was reduced.
  • the expanders 6 and 9 are always in an open state, and the refrigerant is always in the cooler 8.
  • the coolant was stored in the main circuit, and it was not possible to adjust the amount of coolant in the main circuit. For this reason, the conventional heat pump device could not control the power by the amount of coolant in the main circuit.
  • the present invention solves the problem of the conventional heat pump device, and it is possible to obtain a sufficient composition separation width. At the same time, it is possible to control the power by adjusting the coolant in the main circuit, and the width of the power control can be expanded more than before.
  • the purpose is to provide a heat pump device. Disclosure of the invention
  • the heat pump device of the present invention has a substantially straight pipe shape that is long in the vertical direction, and has a bottom portion.
  • a rectifying separator connected to the suction pipe of the compressor via the sub-expansion device to rectify and separate the non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium;
  • the cooling medium flowing out from the bottom of the fractionation separator and flowing from the sub-expansion device to the suction pipe of the compressor, and the refrigerant and the fractionation A heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the coolant at the top of the heat exchanger;
  • the cooling medium at the top of the fractionation separator is sent to the cooling device, sent from the cooling device to the storage device, and stored in the storage device.
  • a closed pipe which forms an annular closed circuit for returning the cooling medium to the top of the rectifying separator, and
  • the compressor, the four-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion device, and the indoor heat exchanger are connected to the pipes in order, and the non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium is connected.
  • An opening / closing device for connecting the opening and closing between the closing circuit and the main circuit
  • the opening / closing control of the opening / closing device is performed according to the load state, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the main circuit is flowed into the closed circuit. And a control device.
  • the cooler be reduced in size, but also the gas phase of the rectifier separator can be liquefied with a sufficiently low temperature and cooling heat. Even in a non-azeotropic refrigerant having a large boiling point difference, it is possible to increase the separation width by storing a refrigerant having many low boiling components. it can .
  • the cooling medium in the reservoir is controlled or stored in the air, and the cooling medium amount in the main circuit is adjusted.
  • the power control by the coolant amount of the main circuit and the power control by the coolant composition can be adjusted. Will enable a wide range of power control.
  • FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a configuration of a heat pump device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control of the heat pump device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a control of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a system configuration diagram of a hot-pump device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 shows a heat pump according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. — 4 Ichiguchi Otsu 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Ki3 ⁇ 4ku — ST [! ⁇ S?
  • FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing the control of the heat pump device according to the embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing the control of the heat pump device according to the embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 29 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 16 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 32 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device according to the embodiment 17 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 33 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 18 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing the control of the heat pump device according to the embodiment 18 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 35 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device according to the embodiment 19 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 36 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 37 shows the heat-bon in Example 19 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a temperature detection value and a pressure detection value of a device.
  • FIG. 38 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to Embodiment 20 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 39 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the temperature detection value and the pressure detection value of the heat pump device according to the embodiment 20 of the present invention. .
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a rectifying separator used for the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 21 according to the present invention. .
  • FIG. 41 is a schematic diagram showing the original shape of the packing material to be inserted into the interior of the vessel of the rectification separator in Example 21. is there .
  • FIG. 42 is a perspective view of the packing material to be inserted into the interior of the vessel of the rectification separator in Example 21.
  • Figure 43 is a characteristic diagram showing the evaluation results of the separation performance of the packing material inserted into the interior of the container of the rectification separator in Example 21. is there .
  • FIG. 44 is a system configuration diagram showing a cooling / freezing cycle in a conventional heat pump device.
  • FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a heat pump device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 1 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed therein, and the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, The outdoor heat exchanger 13, the main expansion device 14, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected and connected in a ring to form a main circuit for the cooling / freezing cycle. Has been achieved.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 is provided with a piping for bypassing the main expansion device 14, and a sub-expansion is provided on the piping.
  • the device 16 and the sub-expansion device 17 are connected in series.
  • the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 is connected to the pipe connecting the sub-expansion device 16 and the sub-expansion device 17 via an opening / closing valve 21. Yes.
  • the rectifying / separating device 18 has a filling material (not shown) filled therein, and is constituted by a straight pipe which is long in the vertical direction.
  • the top of the fraction separator 18 communicates with the top of the reservoir 20 via a cooler 19.
  • the bottom of the reservoir 20 communicates with the top of the rectifier 18. Therefore, the top of the rectifying separator 18, the cooler 19 and the reservoir 20 are connected in a ring shape, and a closed circuit is formed.
  • the reservoir 20 is arranged so that its top is located higher than the top of the fractionator 18. Yes.
  • the cooler 19 is arranged so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 20.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifier 18 to the cooler 19 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the reservoir 20 to the top of the fractionator 18 is connected to the side surface of the top of the fractionator 18.
  • the piping led out from the bottom of the fractionator 18 is supplied to the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 12 via the auxiliary expansion device 22 and the cooler 19. Is connected to the suction pipe connecting between the two.
  • cooler 19 of the first embodiment from the bottom of the fractionator 18 via the sub-expansion device 22 to the suction pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 18 is indirectly performed.
  • a cooler having a double-pipe structure can be used as the cooler 19 in the first embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 23 is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 15 and the like, and the indoor air temperature (that is, the indoor unit 2 3 A room temperature sensor 24 is provided to detect the air temperature (intake air temperature).
  • the operation control device 26 to which the data from the room temperature sensor 24 is input is the setting air stored in the storage device 25.
  • the temperature t0 is compared with the suction air temperature t detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24, and the suction air temperature t and the set air temperature are compared. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the temperature to is less than the specified value ⁇ t (It-to I ⁇ ⁇ t), open and close the open / close valve 21 to draw air.
  • the storage device 25 electrically connected to the operation control device 26 has a preset air temperature set by the user to the desired value in advance. It is a device that stores frequency values.
  • FIG. 2 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device of the first embodiment.
  • Step 1 During cooling operation, if a high cooling capacity is required, such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11, close the open / close valve 21. (Step 1). With the open / close valve 21 closed as described above, during cooling, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is supplied with the four-way valve 12 and the chamber. It flows into the external heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is divided into a main circuit flowing into the main expansion device 14 and a circuit flowing into the sub-expansion device 16.
  • the coolant passing through the main expansion device 14 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 15, flows into the compressor 11 via the four-way valve 12, and is cooled by the main circuit. Freezing cycle.
  • the coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 16 is depressurized, and the pressure near the middle of high and low pressure in the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle is reduced. Become .
  • the opening / closing valve 21 is closed, the coolant from the sub-expansion device 16 is further depressurized by the sub-expansion device 17. And flow into the main circuit You
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 provided in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2).
  • the suction air temperature (room temperature) t of the indoor unit 23 detected and measured by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is stored as t.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in the storage unit 25 is the specified value ⁇ t (the specified value ⁇ t in the following description).
  • the open / close valve 21 is closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is supplied to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19 via the suction / distribution. Since it is connected to the pipe, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifier 18 are out of the cooling cycle described above. And it is. Therefore, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the The inside of each of the rectifying separators 18 is in a low pressure state, and there is little storage of the cooling medium.
  • the closed state of the opening / closing valve 21 continues, so that the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the filled composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant, and the main circuit is operated in a state where the amount of the refrigerant is large. As a result, in the above-described state, the heat pump device of Example 1 is operated with a large capacity suitable for the load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the indoor air temperature of the indoor unit 23, which is detected and measured by the indoor temperature sensor 24, is t and If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to stored in storage device 25 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It 1 t 0 I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is small, the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. Will be issued. As a result, the opening / closing valve 21 is opened (STEP 3). As a result, a part of the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant coming out of the sub-expansion device 16 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 and the bottom of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the two-phase coolant flows into the rectifying separator 18, part of the coolant is reduced in pressure through the auxiliary expansion device 22, and the low-temperature two-phase coolant is reduced. It flows into the cooler 19 as a cooling medium. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the fractionator 18.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the freeze cycle is used as the cooler 19. Since the cooling medium is used as a cooling source, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 19 can be configured in a small size. In addition, the cooler 19 of the heat pump device of Example 1 can reliably liquefy the gas at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flows in from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 and the gas refrigerant flows out from the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the gas refrigerant is cooled in a cooler 19.
  • the cooling medium cooled and liquefied by the cooling device 19 is gradually stored in the storage device 20, and the storage amount increases. Then, a part of the refrigerant stored in the storage device 20 returns to the top of the rectifying / separating device 18 again and descends in the rectifying / separating device 18. You When this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium that rises and the liquid cooling medium that descends in the rectifier 18 have a gas-liquid contact state. It becomes.
  • the storage medium 20 gradually stores therein a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 11 through 9.
  • a cooling medium having a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition is sucked into the compressor 11 of the main circuit via the cooler 19. Because of this, the main circuit gradually flows the cooling medium composed of a high-boiling-point cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 can reduce the cooling capacity in response to the load, and can provide the heat pump device with the reservoir 20. Since the low boiling point coolant is stored in the tank, the amount of coolant flowing into the main circuit is reduced. For this reason , In the heat pump device of the first embodiment, when the cooling capacity is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of the cooling medium, and the cooling load is small, the cooling system is used. Low-power operation suitable for the load will be possible.
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is reduced by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to is measured and compared with the specified value At. Only by opening / closing the opening / closing valve 21 based on the result of the comparison, the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition are changed. It can be controlled to an appropriate state according to the requirements.
  • the heat pump device according to the first embodiment is capable of responding to the detected cooling load by performing simple control. You can take control. Next, the operation during the heating operation will be described.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • Step 1 When high heating performance is required, such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11, the opening and closing valve 21 is closed. (Step 1). With the open / close valve 21 closed as described above, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 during warm-up is supplied to the four-way valve 12 and the chamber by the compressor 11. It flows into the internal heat exchanger 15 and is condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is divided into a main circuit flowing into the main expansion device 14 and a circuit flowing into the sub-expansion device 17.
  • the coolant that has passed through the main expansion device 14 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 13, flows into the compressor 11 via the four-way valve 12, and flows through the main circuit. It can flow through the heating cycle.
  • the coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 17 is depressurized, and the pressure near the middle of high and low pressure in the main circuit of the heating cycle is reduced. Become .
  • the opening / closing valve 21 is closed, the coolant from the sub-expansion device 17 is further depressurized by the sub-expansion device 16. Then, it flows into the main circuit.
  • the load judgment is performed using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP2).
  • step 2 the setting of the indoor unit 23 stored in the storage device 25 is set to the air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 24. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor unit 23 exceeds the predetermined value At (It one to!> ⁇ t), that is, when the heating load is large, the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. It is. As a result, the open / close valve 21 is maintained in the closed state.
  • the open / close valve 21 is closed and the cooler 19 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 11, so that the cooling is performed.
  • the apparatus 19, the storage apparatus 20 and the rectifying / separating apparatus 18 are out of the above-mentioned heating cycle cycle. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifying separator 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is mostly stored. There is no such thing.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit was mixed as it was in the charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium and is operated in a state of a large amount of cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load. it can .
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature t0 and the indoor temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 that has been set is less than the specified value At (It
  • the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is transferred from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. Will be sent out. As a result, the open / close valve 21 is in the open state.
  • the cooler 19 a low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase coolant with the lowest energy peak in the cycle is used as the cooling source of the cooler 19. Therefore, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 19 can be configured in a small size.
  • the cooler 19 of the heat pump apparatus of Example 1 can reliably liquefy the gas at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flows from the bottom of the rectifier 18 and the gas chiller flows from the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the medium flows out, and the gas cooling medium is cooled by the cooler 19.
  • the cooling medium liquefied by being cooled by the cooler 19 is gradually stored in the storage tank.
  • the gas cooling medium that rises and the liquid cooling medium that descends in the rectifier 18 have a gas-liquid contact state. It becomes. Due to this gas-liquid contact state, rectification occurs, and the storage medium 20 gradually stores therein a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium that goes down the rectifying separator 18 and passes through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 11.
  • a cooling medium having a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition is sucked into the compressor 11 of the main circuit via the cooler 19.
  • the coolant having a high-boiling-point cooling medium composition gradually flows through the main circuit.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 can reduce the heating ability.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of the coolant flowing through the main circuit is reduced.
  • the heat pump device of Example 1 has a reduced heating capacity due to a decrease in the amount of the cooling medium, and has a small heating load when the heating load is small.
  • low-power operation suitable for the heating load can be performed.
  • a further load judgment is made (STEP 4).
  • the heating load increased and the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor stored in the storage device 25 were increased. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected in 24 in the indoor unit 23 exceeds the specified value At (It-tol> A t) includes The closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. As a result, the opening / closing valve 21 is again closed (STEP 5), and the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually cooled by the compressor 1 in the main circuit. It is sucked into one. As a result, the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the composition state filled with the high-performance coolant. In addition, since the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases, high-performance operation can be performed in response to the heating load.
  • the magnitude of the load is set and the air temperature to and the suction of the indoor unit 23 are set.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the air temperature t is detected, and the absolute value is compared with a predetermined value At to open / close the valve 21.
  • the heat pump device of the first embodiment can appropriately control the power in response to the load even in the cooling and heating operation. It can be carried out .
  • FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the second embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals are used for the components having the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of the first embodiment described above. The description will be omitted with the affixed.
  • the heat pump device of the second embodiment is not shared.
  • Boiled refrigerant is sealed, compressor 11, four-way valve 12 outdoor heat exchanger 13, outdoor expansion device 30, indoor expansion device 3
  • Example 2 in which the indoor heat exchanger 15 is connected to the pipe in a ring shape, and the outdoor expansion device 30 is closed during the cooling operation.
  • a check valve 31 is provided in parallel with the outdoor expansion device 30 so that the indoor expansion device 30 can be bypassed, and the indoor expansion device 3 2 can be installed during the heating operation.
  • a check valve 33 is provided in parallel with the indoor inflation device 32 so as to make a no-pass.
  • compressor 11, four-way valve 12, outdoor heat exchanger 13, outdoor expansion device 30, check valve 31, indoor expansion device 3 2, the check valve 33, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 make the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle in the heat pump device of Embodiment 2 possible. It is configured .
  • the piping between the outdoor expansion device 30 and the indoor expansion device 32 is provided with a rectifying separator 1 via an opening / closing valve 21 and a sub-expansion device 34. 8 is connected at the bottom.
  • the rectifying separator 18 has a filling material (not shown) filled therein, and is constituted by a straight pipe which is long in the vertical direction.
  • the top of the fractionator 18 communicates with the top of the reservoir 20 via a cooler 19.
  • the bottom of the reservoir 20 communicates with the top of the fractionator 18. Therefore, the top of the rectifying separator 18, the cooler 19 and the reservoir 20 are connected in a ring shape, and a closed circuit is formed.
  • the reservoir 20 is arranged so that its top is higher than the top of the rectifier 18. Yes. Also, the cooler 19 is higher than the top of the reservoir 20 It is arranged so that it may become a position.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifier 18 and the cooler 19 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the reservoir 20 to the top of the fractionator 18 is connected to the side surface of the top of the fractionator 18.
  • the piping led out from the bottom of the fractionator 18 is connected to the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12 and the compressor 11 via the auxiliary expansion device 22 and the cooler 19. Is connected to the suction pipe connecting between the two.
  • cooler 19 of the second embodiment from the bottom of the fractionator 18 via the sub-expansion device 22 to the suction pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 18 is indirectly performed.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be used as the cooler 19 of the second embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 23 is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 15 and the like, and the indoor air temperature (ie, the indoor unit 2 3 It has a room temperature sensor 24 that detects the air temperature (intake air temperature).
  • the arithmetic and control unit 26 to which the data from the room temperature sensor 24 is input is set in the storage unit 25 and the air temperature t0 and the room temperature. Compare the intake air temperature t detected by the sensor 24 with the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t and the set air temperature t0. When the absolute value of is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t
  • the storage device 25 electrically connected to the storage device 6 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to the desired value. It is a device.
  • FIG. 4 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the second embodiment.
  • Step 1 During cooling operation, if a high cooling capacity is required, such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11, close the open / close valve 21. (Step 1). With the open / close valve 21 closed as described above, during cooling, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is supplied with the four-way valve 12 and the chamber. It flows into the external heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant passes through the check valve 31 and remains at high pressure and flows into the in-room expansion device 32. The refrigerant that has passed through the indoor expansion device 32 flows through the indoor heat exchanger 15, flows into the compressor 11 via the four-way valve 12, and flows into the main circuit. Of the freezing cycle.
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the setting air recorded in the storage device 25 When the absolute value of the temperature difference from the temperature to exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (It1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is large.
  • ⁇ t It1 to I> ⁇ t
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is operated by the operation control device 2 6 pieces are sent to the open / close valve 21.
  • the opening / closing valve 21 maintains the closed state.
  • the refrigerant passing through the check valve 31 becomes low pressure through the indoor expansion device 32, and is vaporized in the indoor heat exchanger 15. Then, cool the space in which the indoor unit 23 is installed. After that, the coolant is again sucked into the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 12.
  • the open / close valve 21 is closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction pipe, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifier 18 are disconnected from the cooling cycle described above. It is in the state of being. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifying separator 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is mostly stored. There is no such thing.
  • the closed state of the opening / closing valve 21 continues, so that the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the filled composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixture coolant and is operated in a state where the coolant amount is large. As a result, in the above-mentioned state, the heat pump device of Example 1 is operated with a large capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 3 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is stored as the storage device 2. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to stored in 5 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It-t0 I ⁇ ⁇ t), In other words, if the cooling load is small, open and close the valve.
  • the open / release signal of 1 is sent from the operation control device 26 to the open / close valve 21. As a result, the opening / closing valve 21 is opened (STEP 3).
  • the cooling medium is not depressurized so much and the cooling medium is purified in a substantially high-pressure state (substantially high-pressure state) slightly lower than the high-pressure state.
  • the rectifier 18 operates at a substantially high pressure.
  • the substantially high pressure is a pressure between the high pressure and the intermediate pressure.
  • the cooling medium passing from the sub-expansion device 34 through the rectifying separator 18 is reduced to a low pressure in the sub-expansion device 22. .
  • the depressurized coolant flows into the cooler 19 as a low-temperature two-phase coolant.
  • the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the pressure in the rectifier 18 is almost higher than the high pressure, and is the highest in the cycle. Since low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant with low enthalpy is used as the cooling source for the cooler 19, the precision in Example 2 is high. The difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 18 and the cooling source of the cooler 19 can be increased. In addition, since the cooler 19 can effectively use the latent heat of the cooling source, the cooler 19 can be reduced in size at any time. Further, since the heat pump device of Example 2 is configured as described above, the rectification separation device 1 is used. The gas at the top of 8 is surely liquefied and has the effect of promoting rectification and separation.
  • the operation of the rectifying separator 18 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, the details thereof are omitted.
  • the rectification operation caused the storage device 20 to gradually contain a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition. Will be stored.
  • the coolant flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and flows through the main circuit.
  • the cooling medium gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the heat pump device of Example 2 can reduce the cooling capacity by reducing the amount of cooling medium, and can reduce the cooling load. In that case, low-power operation suitable for the cooling load can be performed.
  • a further load judgment is performed (STEP 4).
  • the cooling load increased and the indoor air temperature of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 was increased.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21.
  • the opening / closing valve 21 is again closed (STEP 5), and the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually cooled by the compressor 1 in the main circuit. It is sucked into one.
  • the cooling medium composition in the main circuit is filled with a high-performance cooling medium. Return to the assembled state.
  • the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit is increased, so that a large-capacity operation corresponding to the cooling load can be performed.
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is determined by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the constant air temperature t0 is measured and compared with the specified value t. Then, based on the result of the comparison, only the simple operation of opening and closing the valve 21 to open and close the valve, the amount of the cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition can be reduced. It can be controlled to the appropriate state according to the load.
  • the heat pump device according to the second embodiment is capable of responding to the detected cooling load by performing simple control. You can take control.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to approximately high pressure, which is slightly lower than high pressure.
  • the variable width of the medium composition can be further increased, and the power control corresponding to the load that greatly changes can be performed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • Step 1 When high heating performance is required, such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11, the open / close valve 21 is closed. (Step 1). With the opening / closing valve 21 closed as described above, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 during heating is supplied to the four-way valve 12 and the chamber by the compressor 11. It flows into the indoor heat exchanger 15 of the indoor unit 23 to be condensed and liquefied. Coolant in indoor heat exchanger 15 The room is warmed by the condensed liquid. The refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 15 passes through the check valve 33 and flows into the outdoor expansion device 30 in a high-pressure state.
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP2).
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit was mixed as it was in the charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed coolant, and it is operated with a large amount of coolant. It is done.
  • the heat pump device of the second embodiment is capable of performing a large-capacity operation suitable for a load. it can .
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 is less than or equal to the predetermined value At (1 t-1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, when the heating load is small, the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 21 is sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valve 21. As a result, the open / close valve 21 is in the open state.
  • a part of the cooling medium flowing into the rectifying separator 18 through the sub-expansion device 34 is depressurized by the sub-expansion device 22 and has a low temperature. It flows into the cooler 19 as a two-phase coolant. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • Example 2 the temperature at the top of the rectifying separator 18 during the heating operation 1
  • the temperature difference between the cooling heat source of the cooler 19 and the cooling heat source can be increased, and the latent heat of the cooling heat source can be effectively used. Therefore, in the heat pump apparatus of Example 2, the cooler 19 can be configured to be so small, and the rectification separator 1 can be constructed.
  • the gas at the top of No. 8 can be reliably liquefied, the rectification separation can be promoted, and the gas is stored during the heating operation as in the cooling operation. Since the refrigerant having a low boiling point is stored in the distillate 20, the amount of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is reduced. For this reason, the pumping device of Example 2 has a low heating capacity due to a decrease in the amount of cooling medium, and the load on the heating chamber is small. Can operate at low power suitable for the heating load.
  • the cooling medium composition in the circuit returns to a state in which the high-performance cooling medium is filled.
  • the operating power is high, corresponding to the load on the chamber.
  • the magnitude of the load is determined by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the setting air.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the air temperature t ⁇ is detected, and the absolute value is compared with a predetermined value ⁇ t to open / close the valve 21.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the second embodiment increases the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 in any of the cooling and heating modes. Since the pressure can be set to a slightly lower intermediate pressure than the pressure, it is possible to increase the pressure during the change of the coolant composition; Capability control is possible even for changing loads.
  • FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a control flowchart for the heat pump of the third embodiment.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 those having the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of the first embodiment described above have the same reference numerals. And the explanation is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of Example 3 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 11 and a four-way valve 12 chamber.
  • the external heat exchanger 13, the main expansion device 14, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected to the pipe in a ring shape.
  • the structure of the cooling cycle of the heat pump device of the embodiment 3 is the structure of the cooling cycle of the heat pump device of the embodiment 1 described in the HU.
  • the bottom of the rectifier 18 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 11.
  • An opening / closing valve 41 and a sub-expansion device 40 are connected between the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 and the discharge pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the discharge piping of the compressor 11 is disposed between the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 12.
  • the operation control device 26 has a temperature between the intake air temperature t and the set air temperature t0. If the absolute value of the difference is less than the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ At), open and close the open / close valve 21 and the open / close valve 41 and suction air. If the absolute value of the temperature difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (1t1 to I> ⁇ t), open and close the valve 2 1 It operates to close the and the opening / closing valve 41.
  • FIG. 6 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the third embodiment.
  • the two open / close valves 21, 41 are required. Is closed (STEP 1). With the open / close valves 21 and 41 closed as described above, during cooling, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is supplied to the four-way valve 1. 2. It flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is diverted into a main circuit that flows into the main expansion device 14 and a circuit that flows into the sub-expansion device 16. The coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 16 is depressurized and becomes the intermediate pressure near the high and low pressure medium in the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle. .
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2). And the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected and measured by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It — to I> ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is In a large case, the closing signals of the open / close valves 21 and 41 are sent from the operation control device 26 to the respective open / close valves 21 and 41. As a result, the open / close valves 21 and 41 maintain the closed state.
  • all the intermediate-pressure refrigerant discharged from the sub-expansion device 16 has a low pressure through the sub-expansion device 17 and flows into the main circuit. .
  • the cooling medium that has passed through the sub-expansion device 16 in this way merges with the cooling medium that has passed through the main expansion device 14, and then flows through the indoor heat exchanger 15. Evaporate to cool the space where the indoor unit 23 is installed. Then, the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 15 is sucked into the compressor 11 again through the four-way valve 12.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium, and is operated with a large amount of cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device of Example 3 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load. it can .
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the indoor air temperature of the indoor unit 23, which is detected and measured by the indoor temperature sensor 24, is t and
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 25 is less than the specified value At (
  • the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the sub-expansion device 16 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 and passes through the bottom of the rectifying separator 18.
  • a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is reduced to an intermediate pressure in the sub-expansion device 40, and the fractionated gas is separated through the open / close valve 41.
  • the coolant is reduced to a predetermined pressure through the sub-expansion device 22, and flows into the cooler 19 as a low-temperature two-phase coolant.
  • the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the freeze cycle is used for the cooler 19. Since it is used as a cooling source, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 19 can be configured in a small size. In addition, the heat pump device of Example 1 can reliably liquefy the gas at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 so that the refrigerant flows out from the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the coolant is cooled by a cooler 19.
  • the coolant cooled and liquefied by the cooler 19 is gradually stored in the storage device 20, and the storage amount increases.
  • the cooling medium returns to the top of the rectifier 18 again and descends down the rectifier 18. If this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 18 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 18 are evacuated in the rectifying separator 18. It will be in liquid contact state.
  • This gas-liquid contact state causes the rectification operation, and the storage medium 20 gradually stores the cooling medium of the low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • Compressor 11 is sucked through compressor 19.
  • the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is directly flowed into the rectification separator 18.
  • the gas volume rises and the gas-liquid contact is good.
  • the rectification is promoted.
  • the storage device 20 stores an extremely large amount of the low-boiling-point cooling medium refrigerant. It is done.
  • the heat pump device of Example 3 has a lower cooling capacity due to a decrease in the amount of the cooling medium, and thus has a smaller cooling load. Low-power operation suitable for the cooling load of the vehicle.
  • a further load judgment is made (STEP 4).
  • the cooling load increased and the indoor air temperature of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 was increased.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference between t and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 25 exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (I t — t 0 I> At ⁇ t)
  • the closing signals of the open / close valve 21 and the open / close valve 41 are sent from the operation control device 26 to the open / close valves 21, 41.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 41 are again closed (STEP 5), and the coolant stored in the reservoir 20 gradually reduces the pressure of the main circuit. It is sucked by the compressor 11.
  • the cooling medium composition in the main circuit returns to the assembled state filled with the high-performance cooling medium.
  • high-power operation corresponding to the cooling load can be restarted.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the third embodiment Is determined by measuring the magnitude of the cooling load by the absolute value of the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature t0. It is compared with the value At. Then, based on the comparison result, only the operation of opening and closing the valves 21 and 41 at the same time based on the comparison result, the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the amount of cooling medium are reduced.
  • the composition can be controlled to an appropriate state according to the cooling load.
  • the heat pump device according to the second embodiment is capable of responding to the detected cooling load by performing simple control. You can take control.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • two open / close valves 2 1 , 41 are closed (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is heated by the four-way valve 1 during heating. 2. It flows into the indoor heat exchanger 15 to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the condensed and liquefied coolant is divided into a main circuit flowing into the main expansion device 14 and a circuit flowing into the sub-expansion device 17.
  • the coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 17 is depressurized, and becomes a medium pressure near or between high and low pressures in the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle.
  • the load is determined using the indoor temperature sensor 24 installed in the indoor unit 23 (STEP 2).
  • Room which is stored in storage device 25 Absolute value of the temperature difference between the set air space to of the indoor unit 23 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 If the load exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, if the load on the chamber is large, the open / close valve 2 1 4 1 is closed.
  • a signal is sent from the operation control device 26 to each of the opening and closing valves 21 and 41. As a result, the open / close valves 21 and 41 maintain the closed state.
  • the intermediate-pressure coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 17 is all reduced in pressure through the sub-expansion device 16 to a low pressure, and flows into the main circuit. Enter.
  • the state of the refrigerant flowing through the sub-expansion device 17 continues to flow into the main circuit, and the refrigerant flowing through the main expansion device 14 is continued. Merge with.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 13, and then is sucked into the compressor 11 again through the four-way valve 12. Is entered.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 41 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction piping, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifying separator 18 are connected to the above-mentioned heating cycle machine. It is in a qualitatively deviated state. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifying separator 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is mostly stored. There is no such thing.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the charged composition. It is a non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium, and is operated with a large amount of cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device (3) is capable of performing large-capacity operation suitable for loads.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 is less than or equal to the predetermined value At (It 1 to! ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, when the heating load is small, the open / close valves 21 and the open / close valves 41 receive the open / close signals from the operation control device 26 through the open / close valves 21, 4. Sent to 1. As a result, the open / close valves 21 and 41 are opened (STEP 3).
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 is reduced in pressure to a low pressure in the sub-expansion device 22, and is cooled with a low-temperature two-phase refrigerant. Then, it flows into cooler 19. In the cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy in the heating cycle is cooled. Since refuse is used as a cooling source in 19, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 19 can be configured in a small size. Also The heat pump apparatus of the third embodiment can reliably liquefy the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the bottom of the rectifying separator 18 so that the refrigerant flows out from the top of the rectifying separator 18.
  • the coolant is cooled by a cooler 19.
  • the refrigerant cooled and liquefied in the cooler 19 is gradually stored in the storage device 20, and the storage amount increases.
  • a part of the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 returns to the top of the rectifier 18 again and descends down the rectifier 18. . If this state occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 18 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 18 are evacuated in the rectifying separator 18 It will be in liquid contact state.
  • the storage medium 20 gradually stores therein a cooling medium having a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 18 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 11 through 19.
  • Example 3 the discharge gas of the compressor 11 was rectified during the heating operation as well as during the cooling operation. It is configured to flow directly into the separator 18. For this reason, in the rectifying separator 18, the amount of gas rising and rising increases, and the gas-liquid contact is improved, and the rectifying operation is promoted.
  • the storage device 20 stores an extremely large amount of cooling medium having a low boiling point.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit has a very high boiling point and a very large amount of cooling medium composition.Therefore, the capacity must be controlled according to the load. Can be obtained. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of coolant. The chamber capacity can be reduced, and when the heating load is small, low-power operation suitable for the heating load can be performed.
  • the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the composition state filled with the high-performance coolant.
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases, a highly efficient operation corresponding to the heating load can be restarted.
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the air temperature to is detected, and the absolute value is compared with a predetermined value At to open and close the valves 21 and 41. By simply opening and closing at the same time, it is possible to adjust the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition to the appropriate state according to the load. .
  • the heat pump device of the third embodiment is Force control can be performed easily. Further, in Example 3, the gas discharged from the compressor 11 can be used to make good gas-liquid contact of the rectification separation by using the discharge gas. Therefore, the separation time can be shortened and the separation performance can be improved, and large changes in the load can be reliably followed. It is possible to realize a coolant composition having a wide variable width.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 that have the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of each of the above-described embodiments. The description will be omitted with the affixed.
  • FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 4 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, The outdoor heat exchanger 13, the outdoor expansion device 30, the indoor expansion device 32, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected to the pipe in a ring shape. .
  • Example 4 the check valve 3 is arranged in parallel with the outdoor expansion device 30 so that the outdoor expansion device 30 is bypassed during the cooling operation.
  • a check valve is provided in parallel with the indoor expansion device 3 2 so that the indoor expansion device 3 2 is nopassed during the heating operation. 3 3 has been established.
  • the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment has the same configuration as the heat pump device of the second embodiment described above. .
  • the heat port of Example 4 was used.
  • the configuration of the refrigeration cycle of the pump device is the same as the configuration of the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump device of Example 2, but also the rectification separator 1 8 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 11.
  • the discharge pipe of the machine 11 is arranged between the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 12.
  • components having the same functions and configurations as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the operation control device 26 of the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment is designed to completely absorb the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t and the set air temperature t0. If the value is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), open and close the open / close valve 21 and the open / close valve 51, and set When the absolute value of the temperature difference between t and the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (it—to I> ⁇ t), the open / close valve 21 and the open / close Acts to close valves 51 and.
  • FIG. 8 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment.
  • two open / close valves 2 1 , 51 are closed (STEP 1). With the open / close valves 21 and 51 closed as described above, the compressor is used during cooling.
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from 11 flows into the four-way valve 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 13 to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the condensed and liquefied coolant passes through the check valve 31 and flows into the in-room expansion device 32 at a high pressure.
  • the load is determined using the room temperature sensor 24 (STEP 2).
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the setting stored in the storage device 25 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the air temperature t0 exceeds the predetermined value At (It-t0i> ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is large.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valve 21 and the opening / closing valve 51 are sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21, 51.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 51 maintain the closed state.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the check valve 31 becomes low pressure through the indoor expansion device 32, and is vaporized by the indoor heat exchanger 15 to evaporate to the indoor unit.
  • 23 Cool the space installed in 3. After that, the coolant is again sucked into the compressor 11 through the four-way valve 12.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 51 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction pipe, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifier 18 are in a low pressure state, and the coolant is stored. There are few tomes.
  • the closed state of the open / close valves 21 and 51 continues, so that the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the charged composition. In this state, it is operated with a large amount of coolant. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 4 performs a large operation with a capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2, and the indoor air temperature sensor t-the air temperature t, which is detected by the indoor unit 23, is stored in the indoor unit 23. 25 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature to, which is recorded in 25, is less than or equal to the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, When the cooling load is small, the open / close valve 21 and the open / close valve 51 receive the open / close signal from the operation control device 26 and the open / close valve 21 and the open / close valve 21 respectively. It is sent to the closing valve 51, and the opening and closing valves 21 and 51 are opened (STEP 3).
  • Example 4 the sub-expansion device 34 and the sub-expansion device 50 flow the coolant to the rectification separator 18 at a substantially high pressure slightly lower than the high pressure.
  • the rectification separation operation in the rectification separator 18 is operated by this pressure.
  • Example 4 the discharge gas of the compressor 11 was directly connected to the exhaust gas. Since the configuration is such that the gas flows into the fraction separator 18, the amount of gas that rises and rises, and gas-liquid contact is improved, facilitating rectification. It is.
  • the pressure of the fractionator 18 is slightly lower than that of the high pressure, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is the highest in the cycle. Since low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with low center peak is used, the temperature at the top of the rectifier 18 and the cooling temperature of the cooler 19 are reduced. The temperature difference with the heat source is 4
  • Example 4 it can be as large as eight. As a result, in Example 4, not only can the cooler 19 be configured in a small size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier 18 can be confirmed. In fact, the liquefaction promotes the rectification and separation, and the cooling medium of the cooling medium composition having a very low boiling point and a large amount is stored in the reservoir 20.
  • the heat pump device of Example 4 is loaded with a load because the coolant of the coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount flows through the main circuit.
  • the ability can be controlled accordingly.
  • the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced. In the reduction of
  • the cooling capacity is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for cooling load becomes possible.
  • the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the composition state filled with the high-performance coolant.
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit is increased, and high-performance operation corresponding to the cooling load can be performed.
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is reduced by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t. Detecting the absolute value of the temperature difference from ⁇ or the air temperature to, and opening and closing the open / close valves 21, 51 at the same time, is a simple operation. It is possible to control the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the coolant composition in a state that is suitable for the load. As described above, in the heat pump apparatus of the fourth embodiment, the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to approximately ⁇ ⁇ pressure. Therefore, it is possible to increase the variable width of the coolant composition, and to cope with the load that varies greatly. Equipment
  • the opening and closing valves 21, 51 are required. Is closed (STEP 1). With the open / close valves 21 and 51 closed as described above, the compressor 11 discharged from the compressor 11 during warming. 2, In-room heat exchanger 15 It flows and becomes a condensed liquid. The condensed and liquefied coolant contributes to the heating in the indoor unit 23, passes through the check valve 33, and flows into the outdoor expansion device 30 while maintaining the high pressure. .
  • the load is determined using the measured temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 (STEP 2).
  • the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 25 and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from t exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It—toI> ⁇ t), that is, if the heating load is large, open
  • the closing signal of the closing valves 21 and 51 is sent from the operation control device 26 to each of the opening and closing valves 21 and 51, and the opening and closing valves 2 15 1 are closed. . Therefore, all the refrigerant flowing out of the check valve 33 becomes a low pressure through the outdoor expansion device 30.
  • the coolant having passed through the outdoor expansion device 30 evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 13, and then is re-passed through the four-way valve 12. And is sucked into the compressor 11.
  • the open / close valves 21 and 51 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 18 is connected to the compressor 11 via the cooler 19. Since it is connected to the suction pipe, the cooler 19, the reservoir 20 and the rectifier 18 are out of the heating cycle. And it is. Therefore, the inside of each of the cooler 19, the reservoir 20, and the rectifying separator 18 is in a low pressure state, and the refrigerant is mostly stored. There is no such thing.
  • the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit remains mixed as it is in the charging system. It is in a combined state, and is operated with a large amount of coolant. As a result, in the above-described state, the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment is operated with a large capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor 24 stored in the storage device 25. If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suctioned air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 is less than or equal to the predetermined value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, When the heating load is small, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valve 21 and the opening / closing valve 51 are transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21, 51. Then, the open / close valves 21 and 51 are opened (STEP 3).
  • the sub-expansion device 34 and the sub-expansion device 50 are set so that the pressure of the coolant is reduced to approximately a high pressure, and the rectification separator 18 has a substantially high pressure. A cooling medium of pressure is injected. In the rectification separator 18, the rectification separation operation is performed at this pressure.
  • a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is reduced in pressure in the sub-expansion device 50 to a substantially high pressure, and passes through the opening / closing valve 51. It flows into the bottom of the fractionator 18. For this reason, the refrigerant flowing through the sub-expansion device 34 and a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 are combined at the bottom of the rectification separator 18. You Then, the coolant from the bottom of the fractionator 18 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 22, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant to be cooled. 1 to 9 Inflow. In this cooler 19, the low-temperature two-phase coolant indirectly exchanges heat with the coolant at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is directly flowed into the rectification separator 18. As a result, the amount of gas that rises increases, so that the gas-liquid contact is improved and the rectification operation is promoted. Further, the pressure of the fractionator 18 is substantially high, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is the most central peak in the cycle. Temperature difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 18 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 19 because a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase coolant with low temperature is used. Since the heat pump device of Example 4 can reduce the size of the cooler 19, only the size of the cooler 19 can be reduced. First, the gas at the top of the rectifier 18 can be reliably liquefied, the rectification is promoted, and the low boiling point of the storage device 20 is extremely high. Coolant with a different coolant composition is stored.
  • the coolant flowing in the main circuit becomes a high-boiling-point extremely cold coolant composition, so its capacity must be controlled according to the load. Can be obtained. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of the coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the coolant is reduced. In addition, the power is further reduced, and the low power operation suitable for the load can be easily performed.
  • the load is determined (STEP 4), and if the load increases, that is, the setting stored in the storage device 25 is set.
  • the absolute difference between the air temperature to and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 When the value exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (1t1 to 1> ⁇ t), the closing signals of the open / close valves 21 and 51 are output from the operation control device 26. Then, the open / close valves 21 and 51 are again closed (STEP 5), and the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually sucked into the compressor 11. It is. As a result, the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition, and the amount of coolant increases to meet the load. A large operation is performed.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected by the absolute value of the temperature difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature t0.
  • the amount of cooling medium and the composition of cooling medium in the main circuit correspond to the load.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 can be set to almost high pressure, so that the cooling medium composition can be changed.
  • the width can be made even larger, and the power can be controlled to cope with greatly changing loads.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 that have the same functions and configurations as those of the heat pump device of each of the above-described embodiments. The explanation is omitted with the number attached.
  • FIG. 9 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the compressor 11 and the four-way compressor
  • the valve 12, the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the outdoor expansion device 30, the indoor expansion device 32, and the indoor heat exchanger 15 are connected and connected in a ring shape. It is.
  • Example 5 the check valve 3 is arranged in parallel with the outdoor expansion device 30 so that the outdoor expansion device 30 is bypassed during the cooling operation. 1 is installed, and the check valve is arranged in parallel with the indoor expansion device 3 2 so that the indoor expansion device 3 2 is no-passed during the heating operation. Valve 33 is provided.
  • the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment has the same configuration as the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment described above. .
  • the configuration of the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment is the same as that of the heat pump device of the fourth embodiment, but also includes a cooling device 19 and a compression unit.
  • the suction pipe of the machine 11 is connected to the suction pipe via an opening / closing valve 52.
  • components having the same functions and configurations as those of the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the operation control device 26 of the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment needs the cooling and heating capability such as immediately after the start of the compressor 11.
  • open / close valves 21, 51, 52 are closed.
  • the operation control device 26 operates when the absolute value of the temperature difference between the suction air temperature t and the set air temperature to is equal to or less than the predetermined value ⁇ t. (It-toi ⁇ At)
  • open / close valves 21, 51 and 52 are opened for a specified time.
  • the opening / closing valves 21, 51 52 pass a predetermined time after opening / closing, the operation control device 26 becomes open / close valves 21, 51, 52. Is in the closed state.
  • Reference numeral 10 denotes a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump apparatus of the fifth embodiment.
  • the three open / close valves 21, 5 15 2 is closed (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 11 is supplied to the four-way valve 1 2
  • the condensed and liquefied coolant passes through the check valve 31 and remains at a high pressure and flows into the in-room expansion device 32 in the above-described state.
  • the load is determined using the measurement temperature detected by the temperature sensor 24 (STEP 2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 and the setting air stored in the storage device 25 When the absolute value of the temperature difference from the temperature to exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (It1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is large. , The closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are sent from the operation control device 26 to each of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52. As a result, the open / close valves 21, 51, 52 maintain the closed state.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit remains filled. It is operated in a mixed state with a large amount of coolant. As a result, the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment is operated with a large capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 3 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is stored as the storage device. 25 If the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in 5 is less than the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), That is, when the cooling load is small, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21, 21, respectively. They are sent to 51 and 52, and the open / close valves 21, 51 and 52 are opened (STEP 3).
  • Example 5 the sub-expansion devices 34 and 50 flow the coolant at a high pressure slightly lower than the high pressure into the rectification separator 18.
  • the rectifying and separating operation of the rectifying separator 18 is operated by this pressure.
  • the gas rising is increased.
  • the pressure of the fractionator 18 is substantially high, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is the most enthalpy in the cycle.
  • a low-temperature, low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant is used, the temperature at the top of the rectifier 18 and the temperature between the cooling heat source of the cooler 19 and the temperature of the cooler 19 The difference can be increased.
  • Example 5 not only can the cooler 19 be configured in a small size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier 18 can be confirmed. In fact, liquefaction can be performed, rectification separation is promoted, and a cooling medium having a very low boiling point and a high cooling medium composition is stored in the storage device 20.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 has a heavy load. It is possible to control the ability according to.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. , And air conditioning The capacity is reduced, and low-power operation suitable for cooling load becomes possible.
  • the time T after opening / closing the valves 21, 51, 52 in STEP 3 has passed the predetermined time Ta that has been set in advance. Judgment of the time of (STEP 4). If the predetermined time Ta has passed, the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 21, 51, 52 are transmitted from the operation control device 26 to the opening / closing valves 21, 5. 1 and 52, and the opening and closing valves 21, 51 and 52 are closed (STEP 5).
  • Example 5 as described above, the rectifying separator 18, the cooling device 19, and the storage device 20 can be separated from the main circuit. Because of this configuration, it is possible to cut off the circuit that allows the coolant to flow to the low-pressure side. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 5 can eliminate the loss of heat required for rectification separation, and can respond to the load. When power control becomes possible, it is also the power to perform highly efficient driving.
  • step 6 when the cooling load becomes large, that is, when the indoor unit 23 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 24 is sucked by the indoor unit 23. If the absolute value of the temperature difference between the embedded air temperature t and the storage device 25 and the specified air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (I t -to I> ⁇ t), the closing and opening signals of the opening and closing valves 21 and 51 and the opening and closing signals of the opening and closing valves 52 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 25 and over. . As a result, the open / close valves 21 and 51 are closed, and the open / close valve 52 is closed. It is released (STEP 7).
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually sucked into the compressor 11, and the coolant composition in the main circuit is a high-performance filling composition. Return to the state.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 can operate with a large capacity corresponding to the load. Become .
  • the magnitude of the cooling load is determined by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the air temperature t. Detects the absolute value of the temperature difference from the constant air temperature to, and controls the opening and closing of the open / close valves 21, 51, 52 just by a simple operation. In addition, it is possible to control the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the coolant composition in a state corresponding to the load. As described above, the heat pump apparatus of the fifth embodiment can set the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 to almost high pressure, and thus can be cooled. It is possible to make the variable width of the medium composition larger, and it is possible to control the power that can cope with the load that changes greatly. .
  • the flow of the cooling medium flows only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit remains charged and assembled. It is operated in a mixed state with a large amount of cooling medium. As a result, in the above-described state, the heat pump device of Example 5 is operated with a large capacity suitable for the load. .
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the set air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 2 stored in the storage device 25 are stored.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 detected in the indoor unit 23 in step 4 is less than the specified value At (It-t0I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, when the heating load is small, the opening / closing valves 21, 51, and 52 are sent from the operation control device 26 to the opening and closing signals. Then, the open / close valves 21, 51 and 52 are opened (STEP 3).
  • the sub-expansion device 34 and the sub-expansion device 50 are set so that the pressure of the coolant is reduced to approximately a high pressure, and the rectification separator 18 is generally used. High-pressure coolant is injected. In the rectification separator 18, the rectification separation operation is performed at this pressure.
  • a portion of the high-pressure coolant that has exited the check valve 33 passes through the opening / closing valve 21 and the sub-expansion device 34 and becomes substantially higher in pressure than the high pressure. It flows into the bottom of the fractionator 18. Further, a part of the discharge gas of the compressor 11 becomes almost high pressure by the sub-expansion device 50, passes through the opening / closing valve 51, and the bottom of the rectifying separator 18. Into the section and joins the cooling medium from the sub-expansion device 34. A part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the fractionator 18 is depressurized through the auxiliary expansion device 22 and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant to be cooled. In the cooler 19, which flows into the cooler 19, heat is indirectly exchanged with the gas-phase cooling medium at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the discharge gas of the compressor 11 is directly flowed into the rectification separator 18.
  • the pressure of the fractionator 18 is almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 19 is
  • the temperature and cooling at the top of the rectifier 18 are controlled because a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak is used in the cycle.
  • the temperature difference between the cooling heat source of the heat exchanger 19 and the cooling heat source can be increased.
  • the heat pump device of Example 5 can not only reduce the size of the cooler 19 but also reduce the size of the cooler 19 at the top of the rectifier 18.
  • the gas can be reliably liquefied, the rectification separation is promoted, and an extremely large amount of cooling medium having a low boiling point is stored in the storage device 20. .
  • the coolant flowing in the main circuit becomes a high-boiling-point extremely cold coolant composition, so its capacity must be controlled according to the load. Can be obtained. Also, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 20, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of coolant. Further, the power can be reduced, and the low power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the rectifying separator 18, the cooler 19, and the reservoir 2 are provided. Since 0 can be separated from the main circuit, the circuit that allows the coolant to flow to the low pressure side can be blocked. For this reason, the heat pump apparatus of the fifth embodiment is capable of reducing the amount of heat required for rectification separation. Loss can be eliminated, and high-efficiency operation can be performed along with performance control according to the load.
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 20 is gradually sucked into the compressor 11, and the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition. .
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit is increased, so that a large operating power corresponding to the load can be obtained.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected by the absolute value of the temperature difference between the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 23 and the set air temperature to, and
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the opening and closing valves 21, 51, and 52 is only a simple operation, and the cooling medium amount and the cooling medium composition of the main circuit correspond to the load. You can control the state. Since the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment can set the pressure of the rectifying separator 18 to almost the high pressure, the cooling system can be changed. The width can be made even larger, and the power can be controlled to cope with greatly changing loads.
  • the open / close The valves 21, 51, 52 are all closed, and the closed circuit consisting of the rectifier 18, the cooler 19, and the reservoir 20 is mainly used.
  • the time to separate the circuit from the circuit is when it is detected that the coolant composition of the main circuit or the reservoir 20 has become the specified composition. This configuration is fine.
  • the heat pump device of the fifth embodiment has been described based on the system configuration shown in the fourth embodiment described above.
  • the same effect can be obtained even if the opening / closing valve 52 described in Example 5 is provided.
  • the result is brilliant and the explanation is omitted.
  • compressors are not limited to single-speed compressors, but have means for controlling power such as extreme-pressure compressors, cylinder bypasses, etc.
  • variable speed compressor which can be used in accordance with the present invention, or in the case of the use of the above-mentioned technology. It has the same effect as.
  • an electronic expansion valve or a manual valve that can shut off the coolant flow may be considered.
  • the use of these devices is also included in the heat pump device of the present invention.
  • the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant to be sealed is a substitute refrigerant of R22. If R 407 C, which is a mixture of three kinds of single coolants of 3 2, R 1 2 5 and Rl 3 4a, is used, the coolant with low boiling point R 3 It is possible to increase the difference between the boiling point of the refrigerant R 1 34a and R 1 25, which has a high boiling point, which is advantageous for the rectification separation performance. In addition, the rate of reduction in power can be increased, and optimal power control can be performed for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 11 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the sixth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 6 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 61, a four-way valve 62, and an outdoor heat exchanger 6. 3, the main expansion device 64, and the indoor heat exchanger 65 are connected in a ring-like manner to form a main circuit for the cooling / freezing cycle.
  • the heat pump device of Example 6 is in the middle of piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 constituting the main circuit.
  • the branched pipe is connected to a rectifying separator 70 via a check valve 66 and an opening / closing valve 67.
  • the check valve 66 and the open / close valve 67 on the branched pipe are connected in series.
  • the check valve 66 is configured to flow only in the direction from the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to the opening / closing valve 67.
  • the main circuit connecting the main expansion device 64 and the indoor heat exchanger 65 is connected to a rectifying separator 70.
  • the piping is branched and checked.
  • the expansion device 68 and the check valve 69 are connected in series.
  • one end of the check valve 69 is connected to the auxiliary expansion device 68, and the other end is connected to a pipe between the check valve 66 and the opening / closing valve 67. It is connected to the .
  • the check valve 69 is configured to flow only in the direction from the auxiliary expansion device 68 to the opening / closing valve 67.
  • the rectification separator 70 is composed of a vertically long straight pipe filled with a filling material (not shown) inside, and the bottom of the rectification separator 70 is provided. The section is connected to an opening / closing valve 67.
  • the top of the fractionator 70 communicates with the top of the reservoir 72 through a cooler 71, and the bottom of the reservoir 72 is the top of the fractionator 70. Communication with the department. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 70, the cooler 71, and the reservoir 72 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit force.
  • the reservoir 72 is arranged so that its top is higher than the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the cooler 71 is positioned so that it is higher than the top of the reservoir 72.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifier 70 and the cooler 71 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifier 70.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the storage device 72 and the top of the rectification separator 70 is provided with a rectification separator 70 connected to the side surface of the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the piping led out from the bottom of the compressor 6 1 is connected to the suction piping to the compressor 6 1 via the auxiliary expansion device 7 3 and the cooler 7 1.
  • the suction pipe to the compressor is a compressor 6 This is a pipe connecting between 1 and the four-way valve 62.
  • the cooling medium from the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 through the sub-expansion device 73 to the suction pipe of the compressor 61 is provided. It is configured so that the gas phase refrigerant at the top of the rectification separator 70 indirectly exchanges heat with the gas phase refrigerant.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be employed.
  • the indoor unit 74 of the main circuit is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 65, an indoor temperature sensor 75, and the like.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 75 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74).
  • the operation control device 77 to which the signal indicating the measured temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 75 is input is stored in the storage device 76.
  • the set air temperature is compared with the air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75, and the difference between the air temperature and the set air temperature is compared. Judge the size and open / close the open / close valve 67.
  • the storage device 76 stores a preset air temperature value set in advance by a user to a desired value.
  • FIG. 12 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump apparatus of the sixth embodiment.
  • Step 1 the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the four-way valve 62 and the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to be radiated to the outside air. They condense and liquefy themselves. And, The condensed and liquefied coolant flows into the main expansion device 64. In the main expansion device 64, the refrigerant is depressurized to a low pressure and flows to the indoor heat exchanger 65.
  • the cooling medium removes heat from the air of the room where the indoor unit 74 is installed, and cools the air, and the steam itself is evaporated. Change.
  • the vaporized refrigerant is returned to the compressor 61 through the four-way valve 62 again.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 67 is opened from the operation control device 77. It is sent to the valve closing 67. As a result, the opening / closing valve 67 maintains the closed state.
  • the circuit from the pipe branched from the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to the check valve 66 must be carefully cleaned because the open / close valve 67 is in the closed state. There is no coolant flowing into the fractionator 70. In addition, since the check valve 69 is provided, the flow of the coolant from the check valve 66 to the sub-expansion device 68 is prohibited.
  • the opening / closing valve 67 is closed, and the rectification separator 70 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 61 via the auxiliary expansion device 73 and the cooler 71. Since they are connected, the rectifying separator 70, the chiller 71, and the reservoir 72 are in a low-pressure state of the refrigeration cycle. Therefore, only the superheated gas is stored in the rectifying / separating device 70, the cooling device 71, and the storing device 72, and the stored cooling medium is used. There is almost no quantity.
  • the coolant flowing through the main circuit was mixed as it was in the filling system. It is a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant, and is operated in the main circuit with a large amount of refrigerant. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 6 performs a large operation with a capacity suitable for the load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor -75 and the storage device are stored. 76 If the difference from the set air temperature to stored in 6 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load When is small, the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 67 is sent to the opening / closing valve 67 from the operation control device 77. As a result, the open / close valve 67 is opened (STEP 3).
  • the two-phase refrigerant in the course of condensing into liquid in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 passes through the check valve 66 and the open / close valve 67. Then, it flows into the bottom of the fractionator 70. A part of the coolant flowing into the fractionator 70 is depressurized in the sub-expansion device 73. The depressurized coolant flows into the cooler 71 as a low-temperature two-phase coolant, where the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifying and separating device 70 is provided. Indirect heat exchange with
  • Example 6 a low-temperature and low-pressure two-layer cooling medium is used as a cooling source of the cooling device 71, so that the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used. Not only can the cooler 71 be used in a small size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier 70 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 is cooled.
  • the liquid is cooled in the heat sink 71, liquefied and gradually stored in the storage 72.
  • the amount of the refrigerant in the storage device 72 gradually increases, and returns to the top of the rectification separation device 70, and descends below the rectification separation device 70.
  • the cooling medium gas and the descending cooling medium are stored in the rectifying separator 70.
  • Gas-liquid contact occurs.
  • the gas-liquid contact causes a rectification operation, and the storage 72 gradually stores a cooling medium having a low boiling point and a large cooling medium composition. Accordingly, the coolant flowing down the rectifying separator 70 and passing through the sub-expansion device 73 gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the air is sucked into the compressor 61 via the humidifier 71.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the heat pump device of Example 6 reduces the performance. You can do it. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. Further, the power can be reduced, and the low power operation suitable for the load can be achieved.
  • Example 6 the pressure of the rectifying separator 70 is almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 71 is a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase cooling system. Since the medium is used, it is possible to increase the temperature difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71. Wear . For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 6 cannot sufficiently separate the separation width in the rectifying separator 70. In the state described above, the heat pump apparatus of Example 6 is provided with a condensing two-phase refrigerant at the bottom of the rectifying separator 70. The flow rate of the gas can be increased, so that sufficient gas generation can be ensured and the time required for separation can be shortened. it can .
  • the heat pump device of the sixth embodiment is capable of flowing a saturated gas into the heat pump device, so that a superheated gas such as a discharge gas is discharged from the heat pump device.
  • a superheated gas such as a discharge gas
  • the coolant is supplied from the rectifying separator 70 to the secondary expansion by the function of the check valve 69. It does not flow in the direction to the stretching device 68.
  • a load judgment is made (STEP 4).
  • the load increases, and the indoor air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 are stored in the storage device 76. If the difference from the set air temperature t0 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It — t0I> ⁇ t), the open / close valve 67 is closed.
  • the signal is sent from the operation control device 77 to the opening / closing valve 67.
  • the open / close valve 67 is closed again (STEP 5), and the coolant stored in the reservoir 72 is supplied to the sub-expansion device 73 and the cooler 71. , And is gradually sucked into the compressor 61. Therefore, the coolant composition of the main circuit returned to the state of the high-performance filling composition, and the amount of coolant in the main circuit increased to respond to the load. Powerful operation is resumed.
  • Example 6 the magnitude of the load was detected by the difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 and the set air temperature to.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the opening / closing valve 67 only the simple operation of controlling the opening and closing of the opening and closing valve 67 can be achieved by changing the cooling medium amount and the cooling medium composition of the main circuit according to the load. Control.
  • the heat pump device of Embodiment 6 performs the power control corresponding to the load. Can be obtained.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • the opening / closing valve 67 is closed (STEP1). With the opening / closing valve 67 closed as described above, the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 61 becomes the four-way valve 62 and the indoor heat exchange. It flows into the vessel 65 and is condensed and liquefied. The condensed and liquefied coolant is diverted into a circuit that flows into the main expansion device 64 and a circuit that flows into the sub-expansion device 68.
  • the coolant flowing into the sub-expansion device 68 is slightly depressurized, and the high pressure is slightly lower than the high pressure in the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle.
  • the coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 68 is in a gas-liquid mixed two-phase state.
  • the check valve 69 is configured to flow only from the auxiliary expansion device 68 to the direction of the opening / closing valve 67, and the auxiliary expansion device 68 is opened. It is connected to the bottom of the fractionator 70 via a valve 67. Therefore, the refrigerant can be flowed into the rectifying separator 70 by the opening and closing operation of the opening and closing valve 67.
  • the check valve 66 connected to the outlet side of the check valve 69 is in the opposite direction, so that the coolant passes through the check valve 66. It is not.
  • a load judgment is performed (STEP 2), and the set air temperature t0 of the indoor unit 74 stored in the storage unit 76 is set to the air temperature t0.
  • the difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 67 is operated by the operation control device 77 It is sent to 67.
  • the opening / closing valve 67 maintains the closed state.
  • the opening / closing valves 67 maintain the closed state, the cooling medium flowing through the main circuit is mixed as it is in the filling composition. In this state, it is operated in a state with a large amount of coolant, and the operation is a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor 75 stored in the storage device 75. If the difference between the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 and the suction air temperature t is equal to or less than the predetermined value ⁇ t (It to to ⁇ t), that is, the heating load When is small, the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 67 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 77 to the opening / closing valve 67. This result Since the opening / closing valve 67 is opened (S ⁇ ⁇ 3), the two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the auxiliary expansion device 68 passes through the opening / closing valve 67 to be rectified. Flow into the bottom of separator 70.
  • the cooling medium flowing into the rectifying separator 70 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 73, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase cooling medium.
  • the cooler 71 which flows into the cooler 71, the low-temperature two-phase refrigerant is separated into a rectifier and a separator.
  • Example 6 a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest temperature in the cycle and the lowest temperature is used as the cooling source of the cooler 71. Because it is used, the latent heat of the refrigerant can be used effectively, and not only can the cooler 71 be made smaller, but also the top of the rectifier separator 70. Gas can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectification fraction 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 70 is cooled by the cooler 71 to be liquefied, and is gradually stored.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing upward and downward in the rectifying separator 70 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectifying separator 70 are gas-liquid in the rectifying separator 70.
  • the rectification can be performed by contact.
  • the refrigeration separator 70 is moved downward by the rectification separator 70.
  • the cooling medium passing through the stretching device 72 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point, and is sucked into the compressor 61 via the cooling device 71. .
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant system with a high boiling point. Therefore, the performance is reduced.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the coolant is reduced. In addition, it contributes to a reduction in power and enables low power operation suitable for the load.
  • Example 6 the pressure of the rectifying separator 70 is almost at a high pressure, and the cooling source of the cooler 71 is a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase system.
  • the cooling medium is used for ij.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 6 is designed to reduce the temperature difference between the temperature at the top of the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71.
  • the size can be increased, and the cooler 71 can be reduced in size.
  • the heat pump device of Example 6 has a negative effect in the above-described state in which the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 70 can be reliably liquefied.
  • Step 4 As the load increases, the set air temperature to and the indoor temperature sensor 7 stored in the storage device 76 are determined. If the difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor unit 74 in 5 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (1 t_t0I ⁇ ⁇ t), Then, the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 67 is sent from the operation control device 77 to the opening / closing valve 67. As a result, the opening / closing valve 67 is closed again (STEP 5), and the coolant stored in the reservoir 72 is gradually sucked into the compressor 61. . As a result, the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition, and the amount of coolant increases to increase the capacity corresponding to the load. It becomes a big operation.
  • the magnitude of the load is set and the difference between the air temperature to and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 is detected, and the open / close valve 67 is opened.
  • the simple operation of opening / closing control only allows the cooling of the main circuit. By controlling the volume and the cooling medium composition according to the load, it is possible to control the power in both the cooling and heating modes.
  • a sub-expansion device is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger 63 and the check valve 66, and the like.
  • the present invention also includes a configuration for controlling the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing therethrough.
  • FIG. 13 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 are system configuration diagrams of the heat pump apparatus according to the seventh embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 61, a four-way valve 62, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the main expansion device 64, and the indoor heat exchanger 65 are connected in a ring-like manner to form a main circuit for the cooling / freezing cycle.
  • the heat pump device of the seventh embodiment starts from the middle of the piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63, which constitutes the main circuit.
  • the branched pipe is connected to a rectifying separator 70 via an opening / closing valve 80.
  • the piping of the main circuit that connects the main expansion device 64 and the indoor heat exchanger 65 includes the piping connected to the rectifying separator 70. It is branching.
  • a sub-expansion device 68 and an opening / closing valve 81 are connected in series.
  • the rectification separator 70 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and that is filled with a filler (not shown) inside.
  • the top of the rectifier 70 communicates with the top of the reservoir 72 via a cooler 71, and the bottom of the reservoir 72 is at the top of the rectifier 70. It is in communication with. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 70, the cooler 71, and the reservoir 72 are connected in an annular shape to form a closed circuit.
  • the reservoir 72 is arranged such that its top is higher than the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the cooler 71 is arranged so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 72.
  • the piping connecting the top of the rectifying separator 70 and the cooler 71 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifying separator 70.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the storage device 72 and the top of the rectification separator 70 is provided with a rectification separator 70 connected to the side surface of the top of the rectification separator 70.
  • the pipe led out from the bottom of the compressor is connected to the suction pipe to the compressor-61 via the auxiliary expansion device 73, the cooler 71, and the open / close valve 82. ing .
  • the suction pipe to the compressor 61 is a pipe connecting between the compressor 61 and the four-way valve 62.
  • a sub-column is provided from the bottom of the rectifier 70. Indirect heat exchange between the cooling medium flowing to the suction pipe of the compressor 61 via the expansion device 73 and the gas-phase cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 70. It is configured to change.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be used as the cooler 71 of the seventh embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 74 of the main circuit includes an indoor heat exchanger 65 and an indoor temperature sensor 75.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 75 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74).
  • the arithmetic and control unit 84 to which the signal indicating the measured temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 75 is input is stored in the storage device 83.
  • the set air temperature is compared with the air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75, and the difference between the air temperature and the set air temperature is compared. Determine the magnitude and open / close the valves 80, 81, and 82.
  • the storage device 83 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to the desired value.
  • the storage device 83 is configured as described above.
  • the opening and closing valves 80 and 82 are closed. Stop and open / close the valve 81 (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the four-way valve 62 and the outdoor heat exchanger 63 to generate the condensed liquid.
  • the condensed and condensed coolant is released to the outside air and is transferred to the main expansion device 64. Inflow.
  • the pressure is reduced to a low pressure and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 65 of the indoor unit 74.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 65 removes heat from the air of the room where the room is installed, performs cooling, and the refrigerant itself is vaporized. Then, the coolant again passes through the four-way valve 62 and returns to the compressor 61.
  • the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75, t C- pC fe, and the device 8 3 If the difference between the set air t0 and the preset air pressure t0 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It-toI> ⁇ t), that is, if the cooling load is large
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 80 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 82 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 81 are applied to the operation control device 84. Each is sent to the valve. In this case, the opening / closing valve 80 and the opening / closing valve 82 are closed, and the opening / closing valve 81 maintains the open state.
  • the open / close valve 80 is closed. For this reason, the refrigerant does not flow to the rectifying separator 70.
  • the cooling medium is supplied from the rectifying separator 70 to the sub-expansion device 73 and the cooling device 71. It does not flow through the compressor 61 in the direction of the suction pipe.
  • the cooling medium in the rectifying / separating device 70, the cooling device 71, and the storage device 72 is a cooling / freezing size.
  • the cooling medium in the rectifying separator 70, the cooling unit 71, and the storage unit 72 only contains superheated gas, and is stored. The amount of cooling medium will be almost nil.
  • the open / close valve 80 and the open / close valve 82 are closed, and the open / close valve 81 is in the open state, thereby cooling the main circuit.
  • the medium is a mixed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in a filled state, and is operated in a state where the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is large.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 performs large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 is stored as a storage device. 83 If the difference from the set air temperature to stored in 3 is less than or equal to the specified value At (It 1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load When is small, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 80, 82 are sent from the operation control device 84, and the opening / closing valves 80, 82 are closed. . At the same time, the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 81 is sent from the operation control device 84, and the opening / closing valve 81 is closed (STEP3).
  • the two-phase coolant which is being condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 63 is connected to the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 via an opening / closing valve 80. Inflow. Then, the cooling medium of the rectifying separator 70 is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 73, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase cooling medium. Flow into 1. In the cooler 71, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is connected to the gas-phase coolant at the top of the rectifying separator 70. Exchange heat directly.
  • Example 7 the pressure inside the rectifying separator 70 was almost high, and the cooling source of the cooler 71 was a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase system. Since the refrigerant is used, the difference between the temperature at the top of the fractionator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71 can be increased. it can . For this reason, in the heat pump device of Example 7, not only can the cooler 71 be made small, but also the rectifying separator 70 can be used. The gas at the top can be reliably liquefied.
  • the coolant flowing out from the bottom of the fractionator 0 is cooled and liquefied in the cooler 71, and is gradually stored in the reservoir 72. .
  • the storage amount of the reservoir 72 gradually increases, and the cooling medium is returned to the top of the rectification separator 70, and the cooling medium returns below the rectification separator 70. It comes down.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling medium liquid descending in the rectifying separator 70 are evacuated in the rectifying separator 70. Liquid contact causes rectification.
  • the cooling medium of the cooling medium composition having a low boiling point and a large amount of cooling medium is gradually stored in the storage device 72.
  • the cooling medium having passed down the rectifying separator 70 and passing through the sub-expansion device 73 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the air is sucked into the compressor 61 via the regenerator 71.
  • the coolant flowing in the main circuit gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the capacity can be controlled according to the load. .
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced. The performance is reduced to a lesser extent and the low The ability to operate.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 7 allows the condensing two-phase refrigerant to flow into the bottom of the rectifying separator 70. With this configuration, it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of gas generation and to shorten the time required for separation. Wear .
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 7 since the saturated gas can be flown into the rectifying separator 70, the discharge gas can be discharged. In comparison with introducing superheated gas such as gas, the liquefaction of the gas becomes easier and the separation performance can be improved. .
  • the coolant flowing through the opening / closing valve 80 is in the direction of the sub-expansion device 68 because the opening / closing valve 81 is closed. It does not flow to
  • the load is determined (Step 4), the load increases, and the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 detects the suction.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 80, the opening / closing valve 82 and the opening / discharging signal of the opening / closing valve 81 are calculated from the operation control device 84. Sent to the open / close valve. As a result, the opening / closing valve 80 and the opening / closing valve 82 are again closed and the opening / closing valve 81 is again opened (STEP 5).
  • the refrigerant stored in the storage device 72 gradually flows through the rectification separator 70, the opening / closing valve 81, and the sub-expansion device 68.
  • the refrigerant flows out to the indoor heat exchanger 65, and the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition.
  • the Lord The amount of refrigerant in the circuit increases, and the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load is restarted.
  • the liquid coolant stored in the reservoir 72 can be discharged to the indoor unit 65 of the main circuit.
  • the latent heat of the liquid coolant can be effectively used in the indoor unit 65, and the cooling capacity can be immediately increased in response to an increase in the load. It is possible to switch to a large operation.
  • the magnitude of the load is reduced by the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74 and the set air temperature.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 80, 81, and 82 by detecting the difference from the temperature and the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit By changing the air condition to a state corresponding to the load, the cooling capacity can be controlled.
  • the flow of the cooling medium flows only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the opening and closing valves 80, 82 are required. Is closed, and the open / close valve 81 is opened (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature coolant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the four-way valve 62 and the indoor heat exchanger 65 to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the cooling medium that condenses and liquefies heats the room.
  • the coolant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 65 is divided into a circuit that flows into the main expansion device 64 and a circuit that flows into the sub expansion device 68. .
  • the refrigerant flowing into the sub-expansion device 68 is slightly reduced in pressure, and becomes substantially higher in pressure than the high pressure in the main circuit of the cooling / freezing cycle. Therefore, the coolant that has exited the sub-expansion device 68 is in a gas-liquid mixed two-phase state. Further, since the auxiliary expansion device 68 is connected to the bottom of the rectifying separator 70 via the opening / closing valve 81, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 81 is performed. Depending on the operation, the coolant can control the flow into the rectifying separator 70.
  • the open / close valve 80 connected to the bottom of the fractionator 70 is connected to the piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63. The coolant can be discharged by the opening and closing operation of the opening and closing valve 80.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the indoor unit 74 stored in the storage device 83 is set to the air temperature to and the temperature sensor 75 If the difference from the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor unit 74 exceeds the predetermined value At (It1 tol> At), that is, When the heating load is large, the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 818 and the opening / discharging signal of the opening / closing valve 80 are supplied to the operation control device 84, etc. It is sent to this open / close valve. As a result, the opening / closing valves 81 and 82 are closed, and the opening / closing valve 80 maintains the open / closed state. Therefore, the cooling operation exiting the indoor heat exchanger 65 is performed. All of the medium passes through the main expansion device 64 and is squeezed to a low pressure, evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 63, and then opens the four-way valve 62. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 61 again.
  • the coolant in the main circuit remains mixed with the charge composition. It is operated in a combined state and with a large amount of coolant. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 7 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged in STEP 2 and detected by the set air temperature to and the room temperature sensor 75 stored in the storage device 83. If the difference between the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 and the intake air temperature t is less than the specified value ⁇ t, that is, if the heating load is small, The opening / closing signal of the closing valves 81, 82 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 80 are sent from the operation control device 84, and the opening / closing valves 81, 82 are opened / released. Then, the opening / closing valve 80 is closed (STEP 3).
  • the two-phase coolant slightly throttled in the sub-expansion device 68 flows through the opening / closing valve 81 and flows into the bottom of the rectification separator 70. Then, a part of the refrigerant flowing into the rectifying separator 70 is depressurized in the sub-expansion device 73 to become a low-temperature two-phase refrigerant. Flow into cooler 71. In the cooler 71, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the coolant at the top of the fractionator 70.
  • the pressure of the rectifying separator 70 was almost high, and the cooling of the cooler 71 was also performed.
  • the source is the lowest in the cycle and the lowest temperature and pressure Since a two-phase cooling medium is used, the difference between the temperature at the top of the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling heat source of the cooler 71 is increased. And can be done. Accordingly, the heat pump device of Example 7 not only allows the cooler 71 to be configured in a small size, but also the top of the rectification separator 70. The gas in the part can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the fractionator 70 is cooled by the cooler 71, liquefied, and gradually stored in the reservoir 72. Will be stored. Then, the storage amount of the reservoir 72 gradually increases, and the coolant is returned to the top of the rectification separator 70 and the cooling medium returns to the top of the rectification separator 70. Get down.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down in the rectifying separator 70 and the cooling medium liquid descending in the rectifying separator 70 are gas-liquid in the rectifying separator 70. Contact . This gas-liquid contact causes a rectification operation, and the reservoir 72 gradually stores a refrigerant having a low boiling point and a multi-layered refrigerant composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 70 and passing through the sub-expansion device 73 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount. It is sucked into the compressor 61 via the valve 1 and the opening / closing valve 82.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, it is possible to reduce the power. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 72, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced due to the decrease in the amount of coolant. In addition, the performance is reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the heat pump device of the seventh embodiment is configured so that the condensing two-phase coolant can be introduced into the bottom of the rectifying separator 70. As a result, it is possible to ensure a sufficient amount of gas generated, and to shorten the time required for separation.
  • the heat pump device of Example 7 allows the saturated gas to flow into the rectifying separator 70, so that the discharge gas can be reduced. As compared with the case where such a superheated gas is introduced, liquefaction of the gas becomes easier and the separation performance can be improved.
  • the open / close valve 80 is closed, so the outdoor heat exchanger is not used. 63 No coolant flows in the direction of 3.
  • the load is determined (STEP 4), the load increases, and the set air temperature t stored in the storage device 83 is reached. If the difference between the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 74 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 75 and the indoor air sensor 74 exceeds the specified value ⁇ t, The closing signals of the closing valves 81 and 82 and the opening and closing signals of the opening and closing valve 80 are sent from the operation control device 84 to the corresponding opening and closing valves. As a result, the opening / closing valves 81 and 82 are closed again, and the opening / closing valve 80 is opened again (STEP 5). The coolant stored in the reservoir 72 flows into the piping in the outdoor heat exchanger 63, and is further compressed through the four-way valve 62.
  • the heat pump device of this type can operate with great capacity according to the load.
  • the liquid coolant stored in the reservoir 72 was discharged to the outdoor heat exchanger 63. Since the configuration is such that the heat can be removed, the latent heat of the liquid cooling medium can sufficiently absorb heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 63. Therefore, in response to an increase in the load, it is possible to immediately switch to an operation with a large heating capacity.
  • the magnitude of the load is set and the difference between the air temperature and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 74 is detected, and the open / close valves 80, 81 are detected. , 82, can be changed to a state that responds to the load by changing the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the composition of the coolant by simple operations such as opening and closing control.
  • the power control can be performed even in the cooling and heating operation modes.
  • a flow control such as a sub-expansion device is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger 63 and the opening / closing valve 80.
  • the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the circuit can be controlled by the control device, and such a configuration is also included in the present invention. .
  • the non-azeotropic mixture to be sealed is a substitute for R 22, and R 32, R 32 If R407C, which is a mixture of three kinds of single coolants of 125 and R134a, is used, coolants with low boiling points R32 and R12 are used. It is possible to increase the difference in boiling point between the refrigerant having a high boiling point R5 and R13a. By using such a cooling medium, the efficiency of the rectification can be reduced as much as possible, and the rate of reduction in power can be increased. This makes it possible to perform optimal power control even for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 8 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed therein, and has a compressor 111, a four-way valve 112, and an outdoor heat exchanger. 1 1 3, outdoor main inflator 1 1 4, indoor main inflator 1
  • the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle is constructed by connecting the 15 and the indoor heat exchangers 11 and 16 in an annular pipe connection.
  • the rectification separator 117 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled inside.
  • the top of the fractionation separator 117 is in communication with the top of the reservoir 119 via the cooler 118, and the bottom of the reservoir 119 is purified. It is in communication with the top of fractionator 1 17.
  • the top of 117, the cooler 118 and the reservoir 119 are connected in an annular shape to form a closed circuit. Also, the reservoir
  • the bottom of 1 19 is connected to the main outdoor expansion device via an open / close valve 1 2 3
  • Reservoir 119 is positioned such that its top is higher than the top of rectifier 117. Also, the cooler
  • the 118 is positioned so that it is higher than the top of the reservoir 119.
  • the pipe Connect the top of the fractionator 117 to the cooler 118
  • the pipe is connected to the top opening of the fractionation separator 117 at the top opening.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the storage device 119 and the top of the rectifying separator 117 is an opening formed in the side surface of the top of the rectifying separator 117. It is connected to the .
  • the pipe led out from the bottom of the rectification separator 1 17 is connected to the suction pipe to the compressor 1 1 1 via the auxiliary expansion unit 1 2 2 and the cooler 1 1 8 It has been.
  • the suction pipe to the compressor 11 1 is a pipe connecting the compressor 11 1 and the four-way valve 11 2.
  • the bottom of the fractionator 117 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 111 via a sub-expansion device 120 and an opening / closing valve 122. Yes.
  • the discharge pipe of the compressor 11 1 is a pipe connecting between the compressor 11 1 and the four-way valve 11 2.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 1 17 through the sub-expansion device 122 to the suction pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 It is configured to indirectly exchange heat with the gas-phase refrigerant at the top of the fractionation separator 117.
  • a cooler having a double pipe structure can be used as the cooler 111 of the eighth embodiment.
  • the indoor unit 124 of the main circuit has an indoor heat exchanger 116, an indoor main expansion unit 115, and an indoor temperature sensor 125.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 125 detects the indoor air temperature (that is, the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 124).
  • the arithmetic and control unit 1 27 to which the signal indicating the measured temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is input is stored in the storage unit 126.
  • the set air temperature is compared with the air temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125, and the air temperature and the set air temperature are compared. Determine the magnitude of the difference from the temperature and open / close valves 1 2 1 and 1 2 3.
  • the storage device 126 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • Reference numeral 16 denotes a control flow chart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment.
  • high cooling capacity such as immediately after the start of the compressor 1 1 1: If necessary, open and close the valve 1 2 1 Close the open / close valve 1 2 3 (STEP 1).
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 111 passes through the four-way valve 112 to the outdoor heat exchanger 111. It flows into 3 and is condensed to become a high-pressure liquid coolant.
  • the high-pressure liquid coolant from the outdoor heat exchanger 113 is reduced to a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure in the outdoor expansion device 114. After being compressed, the pressure is further reduced to a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant near the suction pressure by the indoor main expansion device 115. Thereafter, the refrigerant is vaporized by the indoor heat exchanger 116 and is sucked into the compressor 111 via the four-way valve 112.
  • load judgment is performed (STEP 2).
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the storage device stored in the storage device 126 If the difference from the constant air temperature to exceeds the specified value At (
  • Closing valve 1 2 1 and opening and closing valve 1 2 The closing signal of No. 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 127.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 maintain the closed state (STEP 1). That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 1 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 1 17 passes through the auxiliary expansion device 1 2 2 to the compressor 1 1 2 Because it is connected to the suction pipe of No. 1, the inside of the rectifying separator 117, the cooling unit 118, and the inside of the reservoir 119 are low-pressure gas. Very little refrigerant is stored.
  • the coolant in the main circuit was mixed as it was in the filled configuration. It is a non-azeotropic mixture coolant, and is operated in a state of a large amount of coolant, and can perform large-capacity operation suitable for load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 2 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is stored as t.
  • the difference from the set air temperature to stored in device 1 26 is less than or equal to the specified value At (It 1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, cooling
  • the signal that closes the open / close valve 12 1 and opens and closes the open / close valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 12 7 It is done.
  • the open / close valve 122 is closed and the open / close valve 123 is opened (STEP 3). This state is maintained for a fixed time (T 1) (STEP 4).
  • the heat pump device of Example 8 has a high density. Large liquids or two-phase coolants can be stored directly in the reservoir 1 19 In this case, the main circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant, and the cooling capacity can be reduced or reduced in a short time.
  • a signal for opening / closing the opening / closing valve 12 1 and closing the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control means 12 27 to the opening / closing valve 1 21. 2 1
  • the force S is released, and the open / close valve 1 2 3 is closed (STEP 5).
  • a part of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is diverted from the discharge pipe of the compressor 11 1, passes through the opening / closing valve 12 1, and flows into the auxiliary expansion apparatus.
  • the pressure is reduced by the unit 120.
  • the gas coolant depressurized by the sub-expansion device 120 flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117 and rises in the rectifier separator 117.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and liquefied in the cooling device 118.
  • the liquid coolant that has exited the reservoir 118 is stored in the reservoir 119, and the liquid refrigerant that has been stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the reservoir 119.
  • the cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 117 which returns to the top of the rectifying separator 117 falls down inside the rectifying separator 117, and Flow into the auxiliary expansion device 122 from the bottom of the separator 117.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 1 2 2 passes through the cooler 1 1 8 and passes between the compressor 11 1 1 and the four-way valve 1 1 2. Flow into the suction pipe of compressor 1 1 1. At this time, in the cooler 118, the low-temperature two-phase cooling medium reduced in pressure by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the fractionator 117 are provided. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant that has flowed into the cooler 118. .
  • the lowest enthalpy low temperature and low pressure during the refrigeration cycle was observed. Since the two-phase cooling medium of (1) is used as the cooling source of the cooling apparatus (11), the latent heat of the cooling medium can be used effectively. The gas at the top of the rectifier 117 can be reliably liquefied, not only in the mold
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the cooling capacity can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. As a result, the power is further reduced, and a low power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the load is judged (STEP 6).
  • the cooling load increases, and the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 125 is increased.
  • the difference between the intake air temperature t of the internal unit 1 2 4 and the set air temperature t 0 indicated in the storage device 1 26 is the specified value.
  • ⁇ t is exceeded (it1 to I> ⁇ t)
  • the open / close signal of the open / close valve 123 is transmitted from the operation control device 127 and then opened.
  • the closing valve 123 is opened again (STEP 7).
  • the state in which the opening / closing valve 123 is opened is maintained for a certain period of time (T2) (STEP 8).
  • T2 a certain period of time
  • the coolant stored in the storage device 119 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are transmitted from the operation control device 12 27, and the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 1 are transmitted. 2 3 is closed
  • the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment is capable of changing the magnitude of the load according to the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 124 and the set air temperature.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value), to is the set temperature set by the user, and ⁇ t is the preset room temperature and set value.
  • T is the time from the opening start force in the second state (2) of opening and closing valve operation
  • T1 is the setting time 1
  • the retention time of the second state (2) of the preset opening / closing valve operation is set, and T2 is the setting time 2 (the preset opening time).
  • This is the fourth state (4) of the valve closing operation (retention time).
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 121: closed, and the state of the opening / closing valve 123: closed.
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is an opening / closing valve 121: closed and an opening / closing valve 122: open.
  • the third state (3) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 121: open, and the opening / closing valve 122: closing.
  • the fourth state (4) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 123: open state.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the refrigerant is further reduced to a pressure near the suction pressure in the compressor 1 1 1 and a low-pressure two-phase. It becomes a coolant.
  • the depressurized low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the outdoor heat exchanger 113 and is sent to the compressor 111 via the four-way valve 112. It will be sucked again.
  • StepP 2 the air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the storage unit 126 are stored in the storage device 126. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to exceeds the specified value ⁇ ⁇ , that is, if the heating load is large, The closing signals of the opening / closing valve 1 2 1 and the opening / closing valve 1 2 3 are transmitted from the operation control device 127. As a result, the open / close valve 12 1 and the open / close valve 12 3 are closed, and the state is maintained (STEP 1). That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 1 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the sub-expansion device 122 is connected to the suction piping of the compressor 111. Since they are connected, the inside of the rectifying separator 117, the cooling unit 118, and the storage unit 119 become low-pressure gas and store the cooling medium. There are few tomes.
  • Example 8 since the operation described above was performed, the cooling medium in the main circuit was a mixed non-azeotropic cooling medium without filling. It is operated with a large amount of cooling medium. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 8 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2).
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 and the setting stored in the storage device 126 When the absolute value of the difference from the air temperature t0 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It_t0! ⁇ t), that is, when the heating load is small.
  • close the open / close valve 1 2 1 and open / close the valve 1 2 3 The signal to be released is transmitted from the arithmetic control 27.
  • the open / close valve 122 is closed and the open / close valve 123 is opened (STEP 3).
  • Example 8 The state in which the opening / closing valve 12 1 is closed and the opening / closing valve 12 3 is released as described above is maintained for a certain period of time (T 1) (STEP 4). .
  • T 1 a certain period of time
  • Example 8 a dense liquid cooling medium or a two-phase cooling medium was directly stored in the reservoir. Can be stored at For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 8 is operated in a state where the amount of coolant is small in the main circuit, and the reduction of the heating capacity is reduced for a short time. Between the two.
  • the arithmetic and control unit 1 27 sends a signal to open and close the open / close valve 1 21 and close the open / close valve 1 2 3 to the corresponding open / close valve. .
  • the open / close valve 1 2 1 is opened and the open / close valve 1 2 3 is closed (STEP 5), so that the high pressure from the discharge pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 1 is obtained.
  • a part of the gas is diverted, passed through the open / close valve 121, and sent to the sub-expansion device 120.
  • the gas refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 120 flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117, and flows through the rectifier separator 117.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and liquefied by the cooling device 118.
  • This liquid cooling medium is stored in the reservoir 1 19 ⁇ , and the liquid cooling medium that has been stored earlier is further purified from the bottom of the storage section 119 by the liquid cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends in the rectifier separator 117, and the sub-expansion device from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 1 2 2.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the unit 122 passes through the cooler 118 and is suction-distributed between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. Pour into pipe. At this time, in the cooler 118, the top of the low-temperature two-phase coolant depressurized by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the fractionator 117 is reduced. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 1 18 from the heat exchanger.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the cooling-freezing cycle was cooled by the cooling device 1. Since it is used as a cooling source of 18, it is possible to effectively use the latent heat of the cooling medium for ij and ij and to make the cooling unit 1 18 small. In addition, the gas refrigerant at the top of the fractionator 117 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 117 is cooled by the cooler 118 to be liquefied, and is gradually liquefied. It is stored in 19. Then, the storage amount of the storage device 119 gradually increases, and returns to the top of the rectification separation device 117 again.
  • the refrigerant returned to the rectifying separator 1 17 is supplied to the rectifying separator 1
  • the cooling medium passing through the sub-expansion apparatus 1 2 descending from the cooling apparatus 1 7 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and passes through the cooling apparatus 1 18. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 11.
  • the main circuit since the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, the performance can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. In addition, the performance is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the load judgment is performed (STEP 6).
  • the suction of indoor unit 124 detected by indoor temperature sensor 125 will be ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .degrees t, and L, clothing 1 2
  • the release signal of the valve closing 123 is transmitted from the operation control device 127.
  • the opening / closing valve 123 is opened again (ST ⁇ ⁇ 7), and this state is maintained for a certain period of time (T2) (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 8).
  • T2 certain period of time
  • the coolant stored in the storage device 119 flows into the main circuit.
  • the arithmetic and control unit 127 sends the closing signals of the opening and closing valves 121 and 123 to the corresponding opening and closing valves.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1), whereby the refrigerant amount in the main circuit increases in a short time.
  • the main circuit returns to a high-performance filling configuration.
  • the heat pump device of Example 8 can resume the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load.
  • the magnitude of the load is determined by the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 124 and the set air temperature. Detects the difference from the temperature and closes valve 1 2 1 and opens and closes 1 2 3
  • the simple operation of controlling the opening and closing of the chiller makes it possible to change the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the cooling medium composition to a state corresponding to the load. . For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 8 can perform appropriate power control according to the state of the load.
  • FIG. 17 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a control flowchart of the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment.
  • components having the same functions and configurations as those in Embodiment 8 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Omitted.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 9 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 111, a four-way valve 112, an outdoor heat exchange. Unit 13, outdoor main expansion unit 12 28, indoor main expansion unit 12 9, and indoor heat exchanger 11 16 The main circuit of the aquarium is configured.
  • the rectification separator 117 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled inside.
  • the top of the fractionation separator 117 is connected to the top of the reservoir 119 via the cooler 118, and the bottom of the reservoir 119 is connected to the bottom. It is in communication with the top of fraction separator 1 17. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 117, the cooler 118 and the reservoir 119 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. ing .
  • the bottom of the reservoir 1 19 is connected to the outdoor main expansion device via an opening / closing valve 123. It is connected to the liquid pipe of the main circuit that passes between the main expansion device 12 and the indoor expansion device 12 9.
  • the outdoor main expansion device 1 28 has a configuration that can be completely closed, and the indoor main expansion device 1 29 is also a configuration that can be fully closed.
  • the outdoor main expansion unit 1 28 and the indoor main expansion unit 1 2 9 are opened and closed by the operation control unit 13 1 to which the storage unit 13 0 is connected. Is configured to be
  • the storage device 130 stores a ⁇ or h zr. Im. Degree value set in advance by a user to a desired value.
  • the operation control device 1 3 1 is the operating state of the compressor 1 1 1 and the outdoor main expansion device 1 2 8, 1 2
  • the aperture of 9 has been determined.
  • the operation control device 13 1 is connected to the L 1 3 ⁇ 4 device 130 by the set air temperature and the indoor temperature sensor 12 5 which are set to I and lg.
  • the detected air temperature is compared with the detected air temperature, and based on the comparison result, the open / close valves 12 1 and 12 3 are opened / closed.
  • the operation control device 13 1 adjusts the throttle opening of the main expansion devices 12 8 and 12 9 inside and outside the room.
  • the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment is configured as described above, and the other components are the heat pump device of the eighth embodiment described above. It is the same as
  • Reference numeral 18 denotes a control flowchart showing the control operation of the heat pump apparatus of the ninth embodiment.
  • the open / close valve 12 1 and the open / close valve 12 3 are discharged from the compressor 11 1 in a closed state.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant passed through the four-way valve 112 and passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 1.
  • step 9 after the pressure is reduced to the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, which is further reduced to the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant near the suction pressure, the indoor heat exchanger 11 16 Then, the refrigerant that has been vaporized is vaporized again through the four-way valve 112 into the compressor 111.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the rectification separator 117 is connected to the sub-expansion device 122 and the cooling device. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 1 via the 1 1 8, the rectification separator 1 1 7, the cooler 1 1 8, and the storage The inside of the vessel 119 becomes low-pressure gas and there is almost no storage of coolant.
  • the coolant in the main circuit was mixed as it was in the filled configuration. It is a non-azeotropic refrigerant, and is operated in a state with a large amount of refrigerant. As a result, the heat pump apparatus according to the ninth embodiment can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • a load judgment is performed in STEP2 (STEP2).
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 1 24 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 1 25 and the setting stored in the storage device 130 are stored.
  • the absolute value of the difference from the constant air temperature to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It — to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is small.
  • ⁇ t the specified value
  • a signal for closing the opening / closing valve 12 1 and opening / closing the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 13 1, resulting in opening / closing.
  • the valve 12 1 is in the closed state, and the open / close valve 12 3 is in the open state (STEP 3). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP4).
  • the heat pump apparatus of the ninth embodiment can reduce the cooling capacity in a short time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening / closing valve 12 1 and closing the opening / closing valve 12 3 is transmitted from the operation control device 13 1.
  • Open / close valve 1 2 1 Force is released and open / close valve 1 2 3 is closed (STE P5)
  • a part of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is diverted from the discharge pipe of the compressor 111, and flows to the opening / closing valve 122.
  • the coolant that has passed through the opening / closing valve 12 1 is depressurized by the auxiliary expansion device 120, flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 117, and flows into the rectifying fraction. Raise the inside of the separator 1 17.
  • the cooling medium that has risen inside the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 118 is stored in the storage device 119, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the storage device 119.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends in the rectifier separator 117 and the sub-expansion device 1 from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117 Flow into 2 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 passes through the cooler 118 and passes between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. Flow into the suction piping of the compressor 1 1 1.
  • the operation control device 13 1 detects that the compressor 1 1 1 has stopped.
  • the outdoor main expansion device 128 and the indoor main expansion device 122 are the main expansion device operation in the first state (1) in which the outdoor main expansion device 122 and the indoor main expansion device 122 are completely closed. (STEP 8).
  • the main circuit is separated into a high pressure side and a low pressure side. This At this time, the refrigerant on the high pressure side is sent from the compressor 11 1 through the opening / closing valve 12 1 to the sub-expansion device 120.
  • the gas coolant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 120 flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117 and flows upward in the rectifier separator 117. Rise. After that, the cooling medium which has risen in the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and condensed in the cooling device 118. .
  • the liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 119, and the liquid refrigerant stored earlier is separated into a rectified fraction from the bottom of the reservoir 119. Return to the top of vessel 1 17.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends the rectifier separator 117, and the sub-expansion device 1 2 extends from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 passes through the cooler 118 until the low-pressure side pressure and the high-pressure side pressure are balanced. Then, it flows out to the suction pipe of the compressor 111 between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. At this time, in the cooler 118, the top of the low-temperature two-phase coolant depressurized by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the fractionator 117 is reduced. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 1 18 from the heat exchanger.
  • a low-temperature, low-pressure, two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the refrigeration cycle is used as the cooling source of the refrigerator 118. Therefore, the latent heat can be effectively used, and the cooler 118 can be configured to be small. Not only that, the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 117 can be surely drained.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 117 is cooled and liquefied by the cooling device 118. It is stored in the storage device 1 19. Then, the refrigerant stored in the storage device 119 returns to the top of the rectification separator 117 again and descends down the rectification separator 117. To become savvy. When this state occurs continuously, the gas refrigerant flowing upward and downward in the rectification separator 117 and the liquid cooling medium descending in the rectification separator 117 are in the rectification separator 117. Gas-liquid contact with.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a cooling system having a high boiling point and a large amount of cooling medium, the performance is reduced.
  • a low-boiling coolant is stored in the storage device 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced.
  • the power is further reduced, and the low power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 9 even if the compressor 11 is stopped during the rectification separation operation, the cooling / freezing size is reduced. The rectification separation operation can be continued until the pressure in the crucible is balanced.
  • the air-conditioning load increased and the indoor air temperature was detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125.
  • the intake air and pD fe of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 were added. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air gap ina degree to exceeds the specified value ⁇ t (It-to-I> ⁇ t), the compressor 1 If 1 1 is in operation (STEP 1
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 124 and the air temperature.
  • Open / close valves 12 1 and 12 3 are controlled to open / close by detecting the difference from the air temperature.
  • the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment has a configuration in which the amount of the cooling medium in the main circuit and the composition of the cooling medium are adjusted to the load by a simple operation. You can change the state and control the ability.
  • t room temperature (measured value), and to is The set temperature set by the user, ⁇ t is the temperature difference (predetermined value) between the preset room temperature and the set temperature, and T is the opening and closing valve operation.
  • the time from the opening force in state 2 (2), T1 is the set time 1 (the second state (2) of the preset opening and closing valve operation).
  • the holding time) and T2 are the setting time 2 (the holding time of the fourth state (4) of the preset opening / closing valve operation).
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 121: closed, and the state of the opening / closing valve 123: closed.
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is an opening / closing valve 121: closed, and an opening / closing valve 122: open.
  • the third state (3) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state of opening / closing valve 121: open, opening / closing valve 122: closing.
  • the fourth state (4) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 123: open state.
  • the first state (1) of the operation of the main expansion device is that the outdoor main expansion device 128 is fully closed and the indoor main expansion device 129 is completely closed. It is in a closed state.
  • the second state (2) of the operation of the main inflating device is that the outdoor main inflating device 1 28 has the first set opening 1 and the indoor main inflating device 1
  • Reference numeral 29 denotes a second setting opening 2.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • Load determination is performed in such a frozen cycle (STEP 1).
  • the temperature stored in the storage device 130 and the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 If the absolute value of the difference from the air temperature to exceeds the specified value At (It—toI> ⁇ t), that is, if the heating load is large, Then, the closing signals of the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are transmitted from the operation control device 13 1. Then, the open / close valve 12 1 and the open / close valve 123 are kept in the closed state (STEP 1). Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 1 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 12 1 and the opening / closing valve 12 3 are closed, and the rectifying / separating device 1 17 is connected to the sub-expansion device 1 22 and the -cooler 1 18. Is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 1 1 1 via the ⁇ , so that the rectifying separator 1 17, the cooler 1 1 8 and the reservoir 1 1 9 The inside is low-pressure gas and there is almost no coolant storage.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 9 is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in which the refrigerant in the main circuit is in the form of a charged mixture. It is operated with a large amount of coolant and a large operating force suitable for the load.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2), and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 124 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is recorded as t. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to stored in storage device 130 is less than or equal to the specified value At (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), In other words, when the heating load is small, the signal for closing the open / close valve 121 and the signal for opening / closing the open / close valve 123 are operated and controlled by the operation control device. It is transmitted from 13 1 car. As a result, the open / close valve 12 1 is in the closed state, and the open / close valve 12 3 is in the open state (STEP 3).
  • Example 9 by operating as described above, the dense liquid or the two-phase refrigerant was directly transferred to the reservoir 1 19. It can be stored, and in the main circuit, it is operated with a small amount of refrigerant, so that the capacity can be reduced or reduced in a short time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening and closing valve 12 1 and a signal for closing the opening and closing valve 12 3 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 13 1, and are opened.
  • Closing valve 1 2 1 is opened and opening and closing valve 1 2 3 is closed
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 descends in the rectifier separator 117 and the sub-expansion device 1 from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117 Flow into 2 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 passes through the cooler 118 and passes between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 112. Flow into the suction piping of the compressor 1 1 1.
  • the operation control device detects that the compressor 11 1 has stopped (STEP 6), and the main expansion devices 1 282 and 1 292 are not fully closed.
  • the signal to fully close the outdoor main expansion device 1 28 and the indoor main expansion device 1 2 9 is calculated by the operation control device 1.
  • 3 Sent from 1.
  • the outdoor main inflation device 122 and the indoor main inflation device 122 are completely closed (STEP 8).
  • the main circuit is separated into a high pressure side and a low pressure side.
  • the refrigerant on the high pressure side passes through the opening / closing valve 121 and is reduced in pressure in the sub-expansion device 120.
  • This depressurized gas refrigerant flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 117, and the rectifier separator 117 Go up inside.
  • the cooling medium which has risen in the rectifying / separating device 117 flows into the cooling device 118, where it is condensed and condensed in the cooling device 118. .
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied is stored in the storage device 119, and the liquid cooling medium stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the storage device 119.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifier separator 117 falls down inside the rectifier separator 117, and the sub-expansion device 1 2 extends from the bottom of the rectifier separator 117. Flow into 2.
  • the depressurized two-phase refrigerant in the sub-expansion device 122 is passed through the cooler 118 until the low-pressure side pressure and the high-pressure side pressure are balanced. Overflows into the suction pipe of the compressor 111 between the compressor 111 and the four-way valve 111. At this time, in the cooler 118, the top of the low-temperature two-phase cooling medium depressurized by the sub-expansion device 122 and the top of the fractionator 117 is provided. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant that has flowed into the cooler 118.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the freezing cycle is used as the cooler. Since it is used as a cooling source of 118, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 118 can be reduced in size. In addition, the gas refrigerant at the top of the fractionator 117 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 117 is cooled and liquefied in the cooling device 118, and is then liquefied. It is stored in 19. As a result, the storage amount of the storage unit 119 gradually increases, and the cooling medium of the storage unit 119 is re-separated to the rectification separation unit. Return to the top of 1 17 and lower the rectifier 1 17.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectification separator 117 and the liquid cooling medium falling in the rectification separator 117 are in the rectification separator 117. Gas-liquid contact with. This gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 119 gradually stores the refrigerant of the low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the rectifying separator 1 17 is lowered and the sub-expansion device is moved down.
  • the cooling medium passing through 122 is gradually formed into a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and is sucked into the compressor 111 via the cooling device 118. It is.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount of the cooling medium, thereby reducing the performance. can do .
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 119, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and as a result, the amount of coolant is reduced.
  • the performance can be reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 9 even if the compressor 11 is stopped during the rectification separation operation, the cycle is kept in the cycle. The rectification separation operation can be continued until the pressure is balanced.
  • the load is judged (STEP 9), the heating load increases, and the indoor unit 1 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 125 is used.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the intake air temperature t in 24 and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 130 is the specified value ⁇ t. If it exceeds the limit, the open / close signal of the open / close valve 123 is transmitted from the operation control device 131. As a result, the open / close valve 123 is again opened (STEP 12).
  • the operation state of the compressor (STEP 10). If the stop of the compressor 1 11 is detected in STEP 10, the throttle opening of the main expansion devices 1 2 8 and 1 2 9 is set. (STEP 11).
  • the magnitude of the load is set to the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 124 and the air temperature.
  • the heat pump device of the ninth embodiment can be appropriately adapted to the load by changing the coolant amount and the coolant composition of the main circuit.
  • Ability control is possible to control.
  • the compressor was not described in detail.However, in each of the embodiments, a constant-speed pressure was not applied. Not only the compressor but also a compressor with a means of controlling power such as an extreme variable compressor or a cylinder nose path, or an inverter. It is possible to use an overnight variable speed compressor.
  • the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant to be sealed is a substitute for R22.
  • R32, R125, Rl34a, a mixture of three single refrigerants, R407C can be used to produce a low boiling point refrigerant R. It is possible to increase the difference in boiling point between the refrigerants with high boiling points R32 and R1325.
  • the use of the above-mentioned cooling medium not only benefits the rectification separation performance, but also greatly reduces the performance. As a result, optimal power control is possible even for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 19 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus according to the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment.
  • the heat pump device of Example 10 contains a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and has a compressor 21 1, a four-way valve 2 12, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 2 13, the outdoor main expansion device 2 14, the indoor main expansion device 2 15 and the indoor heat exchanger 2 16 are connected to the piping in a ring and cooled and frozen.
  • the main circuit of the cycle is configured.
  • the rectifying separator 217 is filled with packing material (not shown) inside. It consists of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction.
  • the top of the rectifying separator 217 communicates with the top of the reservoir 219 via the cooler 218, and the bottom of the rectifier 217 is connected to the bottom of the rectifier 217. It communicates with the top of the fraction separator 217. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 217, the cooler 218, and the reservoir 219 are connected in an annular shape to form a closed circuit. ing .
  • the bottom of the reservoir 2 19 is connected to the main outdoor expansion device 2 14 and the main indoor expansion device 2 15 via an open / close valve 2 24. It is connected to the liquid pipe of the circuit.
  • Example 10 the cooler 218 is located at the top of the rectifier separator 117 and higher than the top of the reservoir 219. ing .
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifying separator 217 to the cooler 218 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the rectifying separator 217. It is.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the reservoir 21 to the top of the rectifier separator 17 is connected to the side surface of the top of the rectifier separator 17. ing .
  • the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is connected to the discharge pipe of the compressor 211 via a sub-expansion device 220 and an opening / closing valve 221. It has been.
  • the discharge pipe of the compressor 2 11 is a pipe connecting the ⁇ discharge section of the compressor 2 11 and the four-way valve 2 12.
  • the bottom of the fractionator 21 17 is sucked into the compressor 21 1 via the auxiliary expansion device 22 2, the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 22 3.
  • the suction pipe of the compressor 2 11 1 is a pipe connecting the suction section of the compressor 2 1 1 and the four-way valve 2 1 2.
  • the cooler 218 includes a cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 217 to the opening / closing valve 223 via the sub-expansion device 322 and a rectifying / separating device. It is configured to indirectly exchange heat with the coolant at the top of the vessel 21. It is possible to use a double pipe structure as the cooler 218.
  • the indoor unit 2 25 connected to the main circuit includes an indoor main expansion device 2 15, an indoor heat exchanger 2 16, and an indoor temperature sensor 1 2 2 It has 6 mag.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 222 detects the air temperature in the room (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 225).
  • An outdoor temperature sensor 227 is provided near the outdoor heat exchanger 211.
  • the outdoor temperature sensor 2 27 is a temperature sensor for detecting the outdoor air temperature, and the air suction of the outdoor heat exchanger 2 13 is provided. It is installed only in the section.
  • a storage device 228 and an operation control device 229 are provided, and the storage device is provided.
  • 228 stores a preset air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • the operation control device 2 29 is configured to determine the operation state of the compressor 2 11.
  • the operation control device 22 9 is controlled by the operation state of the compressor 2 11, the set air temperature of the storage device 2 28, and the indoor temperature sensor 1 2 6. An operation is performed based on the detected indoor air temperature and the outdoor air temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227, and three calculations are performed. Open / close valves 2 2 1, 2 2 3, 2 2 4.
  • FIG. 20 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the embodiment 10. As shown in FIG.
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the indoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 226 Predict the air-conditioning load from the temperature and the set temperature stored in the storage device 228 (STEP 1).
  • the predicted load L0 is large compared to the preset load reference value Ls (L o ⁇ L s)
  • the liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 21, the liquid coolant flows out to the main circuit, and only the gas coolant remains. .
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 211 passes through the four-way valve 211, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 211, and is condensed. It becomes a high-pressure liquid coolant. Then, the high-pressure liquid coolant is supplied to the outdoor main expansion device 2 14 at a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor 2 1 1. After the pressure is reduced by the pressure in the room, the pressure is further reduced by the indoor main expansion device 215 to the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant near the suction pressure. Thereafter, the refrigerant vaporized by the indoor heat exchanger 216 is sucked into the compressor 211 again through the four-way valve 212. It is.
  • the load is determined in the refrigeration cycle as described above (STEP 3), and the indoor unit 2 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 2 26 is used.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the intake air temperature t of 25 and the set air temperature t0 stored in the storage device 228 is the specified value Zt. If it exceeds (It1 to I> ⁇ t), that is, if the cooling load is large, the state of STEP 2 is maintained. That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 211 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the open / close valve 2.2 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are closed, the open / close valve 22 3 is open, and the rectifying separator 2 17 is Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 2 11 via the expansion device 2 2 2 and the cooler 2 18, the rectification separator 2 17 is cooled.
  • the inside of the storage unit 218 and the storage unit 219 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of cooling medium.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant without filling.
  • the heat pump device of Example 10 has a large capacity suitable for a load. Operation is possible.
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 2 28 are stored in the storage device 2 28. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to is smaller than the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is If small, close the open / close valve 22 1 and open / close valve 2 23 A signal for stopping and opening / closing the opening / closing valve 222 is transmitted from the arithmetic control unit 222. As a result, the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are in the closed state, and the open / close valve 22 4 is in the open / release state (STEP 4).
  • This state is referred to as a second state (2) of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP 5).
  • T1 period of time
  • a liquid with a large density or a two-phase refrigerant can be directly connected. It can be stored in the storage device 2 19, and the main circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant.
  • the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment can reduce the power in a short time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 3 and closing the opening / closing valve 22 4 is transmitted to the operation control device 2.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are opened and the open / close valve 22 4 is closed.
  • This state is the third state (3) of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • a part of the high-pressure gas is diverted from the discharge pipe of the compressor 21 1, passes through the opening / closing valve 22 1, and is supplied to the sub-expansion device 2 2 Depressurized at zero.
  • the depressurized gas refrigerant flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 and rises in the rectifying separator 217.
  • the coolant that has risen in the rectifying separator 217 flows into the cooler 218.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 218 is stored in the reservoir 219, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 219.
  • the cooling medium descends in the rectifying / separating device 2 17 and flows into the sub-expansion device 222 from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 217.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 22 2 passes through the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 2 23 to be compressed by the compressors 2 1 1 and 4 2. Flow into the suction pipe of the compressor 2 11 that connects between the two-way valve 2 1 2.
  • the top of the low-temperature two-phase cryogen cooled by the sub-expansion device 222 and the rectifying separator 217 is removed. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 218.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the cooling / freezing cycle is used as the cooler. Since it is used as a cooling source of 218, latent heat can be effectively used for cultivation, and not only can the chiller 218 be reduced in size but also to precision.
  • the gas at the top of the fractionator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 19. Then, the liquid coolant of the storage device 219 is returned to the top of the rectification separator 217 again, and descends down the rectification separator 217.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectification separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending and falling in the rectification separator 217 are in the rectification separator 217.
  • Gas-liquid contact with. The gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 219 gradually stores the refrigerant of the low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 2 17 and passing through the sub-expansion device 2 22 gradually becomes a refrigerant having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the cooler 218 Through the cooler 218 Then, it is sucked into the compressor 2 11.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the capacity can be reduced.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the storage device 219, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced.
  • the power is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is determined (STEP 7). If it is determined in step 7 that the compressor 2 11 is operating, the load judgment is performed while maintaining the state of step 6. (STEP 8). If the cooling load is determined to be small (1t-toI ⁇ t) by STEP8, the state of STEP6 is maintained.
  • the process proceeds to STEP9.
  • the air-conditioning load increases and the indoor air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 1 2 26 and the storage device 2 28
  • the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature t0 stored in 8 is more than the specified value ⁇ t (1t-1t0I ⁇ ⁇ t)
  • the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 222.
  • the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are again opened and released (STEP 9).
  • This state is the fourth state (4) of the valve opening / closing operation. This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T2) (STEP10).
  • the open / close valve 2 2 1, 2 2 4 As a result, the coolant stored in the storage device 219 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 22 9, and the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 21 24 is closed (STEP 2).
  • the opening and closing of the valves 2 2 1, 2 2 4 By controlling the opening and closing of the valves 2 2 1, 2 2 4 in this way, the amount of refrigerant in the main circuit increases in a short time, and The main circuit returned to a high-performance filling configuration, and the heat pump device of Example 10 resumed high-power operation in response to the load. .
  • the compressor 211 is operated during the operation of the rectification separation. Even when is stopped, the refrigerant stored in the storage unit 219 does not flow out to the main circuit. As a result, even in the above-described situation, the cooling just before the compressor 2 11 stops. Since the composition ratio of the refrigerant is maintained and the separation operation can be restarted from the composition ratio of the cooling medium, the heat pump device of Example 10 is used. In other words, the time required to complete the separation can be shortened.
  • the predicted load Lo is smaller than the preset load reference value Ls. If it is determined that L 0 ⁇ L s, the load state at the time of the previous operation stoppage is determined (STEP 13).
  • the load is determined (STEP 16), and if the load is still determined to be less than the specified value (It-t0I ⁇ t),
  • the heat pump device is operated while keeping the condition of STEP 14.
  • the low-boiling coolant separated in the previous operation is operated in a state of being held in the reservoir 219, and the load is reduced.
  • Driving resumes with a suitable small capacity it can .
  • the step 2 The operation shifts to the valve closing operation (first state (1)), and the coolant in the reservoir 219 is discharged to the main circuit. For this reason, the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, which is in a state of charged and assembled, flows into the main circuit instantaneously, and the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. It is done. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 10 can quickly perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment uses the air-conditioner of the indoor unit 225 to determine whether the load is large or small.
  • the main operation is detected by detecting the difference between the open and close valves 22 1, 22 3, and 22 4 and opening and closing the open and close valves 22 4. It is possible to change the amount of coolant in the road and the composition of the coolant into a state corresponding to the load. Therefore, the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment can appropriately control the power in accordance with the load state.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value), to is the set temperature set by the user, and ⁇ t is the preset room temperature and set value.
  • T is the measurement time
  • T1 is the set time 1 (the second state of the preset opening and closing valve operation) (2)
  • T2 is the set time 2 (the 4th state (4) of the preset opening / closing valve operation) (T3).
  • Is the setting time 3 (the holding time of the preset 6th state (6) of opening and closing valve operation)
  • L0 is the load forecast reference value measurement.
  • the fixed value L s is the set load reference value
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is defined as the opening / closing valve 2
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: open.
  • the third state (3) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: open, open / close valve 22: open, and open / close valve 22: close.
  • the fourth state (4) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 221: open, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: open.
  • the fifth state (5) of the open / close valve operation is the open / close valve 221: closed, open / close valve 22: closed, and open / close valve 22: closed.
  • the sixth state (6) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: closed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the outdoor temperature detected by the indoor temperature sensor 226 are detected. Prediction of the air-conditioning load from the set room temperature stored in the room temperature and the storage device 228 (STEP 1).
  • the predicted load L 0 is larger than the preset load reference value L s (L o ⁇ L s), the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are closed, and the open / close valve 22 3 is opened (STEP 2).
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 211 passes through the four-way valve 211 and the indoor heat exchanger 211 It flows into and is condensed.
  • the condensed coolant that has become a high-pressure liquid coolant is reduced by the main expansion device 2 15 in the chamber to a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure. It is done.
  • the intermediate-pressure refrigerant is further reduced to a low pressure near the suction pressure by the outdoor main expansion device 2 14.
  • the refrigerant reduced in pressure to the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the outdoor heat exchanger 21 and is passed through the four-way valve 21. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 211 again.
  • Step 3 the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 2 28 If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the memory exceeds the predetermined value At (1 t — to I> ⁇ t), that is, heating is performed. If the load is heavy, the status of STEP 2 is maintained. That is, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 211 circulates only in the main circuit.
  • the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are closed, the opening / closing valve 22 3 is opened, and the rectifying separator 2 17 is compressed. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of unit 211, rectification separation The inside of the heat exchanger 2 17, the cooler 2 18, and the reservoir 2 19 becomes a low-pressure gas and hardly stores the coolant.
  • the heat pump device Since the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are closed and the force of the opening / closing valves 2 23 is released as described above, the heat pump device is connected to the main circuit. Is a mixed non-azeotropic cooling medium in the form of a charged mixture, and is operated in a state of a large amount of cooling medium. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 10 can perform a large operation with a capacity suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 3 and the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 is t.
  • the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 2 28 is less than the specified value At (It-t 0 I ⁇ ⁇ t)
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 2 23 are closed, and the open / close valve 2 2 4 is opened / closed.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are in the closed state, and the open / close valve 22 4 is in the open / release state (STEP 4). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T1) (STEP5).
  • the reservoir 2 19 has a dense liquid. Can store and store two-phase coolant directly, and is operated in the main circuit with little coolant. As a result, the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment can reduce the power in a short time.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying / separating device 217 flows into the cooling device 218, and is condensed and liquefied by the cooling device 218.
  • the condensed liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 211, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored at the bottom of the reservoir 211.
  • the cooling medium returned to the rectifying separator 2 17 descends in the rectifying separator 2 17, and the sub-expansion device 2 extends from the bottom of the rectifying separator 2 17. It flows into 2 and is decompressed.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 22 2 passes through the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 2 23 to the compressor 2 11 1. Flow into the suction piping of the compressor 2 11 that connects between the four-way valve 2 1 and 2.
  • the top of the low-temperature two-phase cryogen cooled by the sub-expansion device 222 and the rectifying separator 217 is removed. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 218.
  • the cooling and freezing cycle Since low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy is used as the cooling source for cooler 218, latent heat is effective.
  • the cooler 218 can be reduced in size, and the gas at the top of the rectifying separator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing in from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 219. Then, the refrigerant in the reservoir 219 returns to the top of the re-fractionator 217 and descends down the rectifier 217.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending and descending in the rectifying separator 217 are in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact, and rectification occurs.
  • the cooling medium of the cooling medium composition having a low boiling point and a large amount is gradually stored in the storage device 219.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying separator 21 and passing through the auxiliary expansion device 222 gradually becomes a high-boiling multi-layer cooling medium composition, The refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 11 via the regenerator 2 18.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a coolant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the heat pump device of Example 10 reduces the performance. You can do it.
  • a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 21, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. As a result, the performance is further reduced, and low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is performed.
  • Make a transfer decision (STEP 7).
  • the load is determined while maintaining the state of STEP 6 (STEP 8). If it is determined in STEP 8 that the heating load is small (
  • the process proceeds to STEP9.
  • the heating load increases and the indoor air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 2 26 and the storage device 2 2 8 If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature t0, which is stored in, becomes equal to or more than the specified value ⁇ t (It-tol ⁇ At), the valve is opened and closed.
  • the open / close signals of 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 2 29.
  • the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 4 are opened again (STEP 9), and this state is maintained for a certain period of time (STEP 10).
  • the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 219 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 22 9, and the opening / closing valves 22 1 and the opening / closing valves 2 21 are transmitted.
  • 24 is in the closed state (STEP 2).
  • the compressor 2 1 1 was stopped. If it is determined that the valve is open, the closing signals of the opening / closing valve 221, the opening / closing valve 223, and the opening / closing valve 224 are operated by the operation control device 229. Sent from the server. As a result, the open / close valve 22 1, the open / close valve 22 3, and the open / close valve 22 4 are in the closed state (STEP 11). After that, the operation of the compressor 211 is judged (STEP 12).
  • This operation of opening and closing the opening / closing valve causes the storage device 2 to remain open even if the compressor 211 stops during the rectification separation operation. Since the refrigerant stored in 19 does not flow out to the main circuit, the heat pump device of Example 10 must be under pressure. The separation operation can be restarted from the refrigerant composition ratio immediately before the compressor 211 stops, and it is necessary until the rectification separation is completed. Time can be shortened.
  • the predicted load Lo is smaller than the preset load reference value Ls. If it is determined that L 0 ⁇ L s, the load state at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 13). If it is determined in STEP 1 3 that the load has stopped due to a heavy load, the operation in STEP 2 is performed, and then the operation in STEP 3 and below is performed. Perform separation operation.
  • the negative load during the previous operation If it is determined that the load has been stopped in a small state, the open / close valve 221, the open / close valve 223, and the open / close valve 224 are closed.
  • the signal is transmitted from the operation control device 229, and the open / close valve 2 2 1 open / close valve 2 2 3 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 are closed (STEP 14 ) .
  • This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T3) (STEP 15).
  • the load is determined (STEP 16). If it is determined in STEP 16 that the load is equal to or less than the specified value ⁇ t (It — t0I ⁇ ⁇ t), the state of STEP 14 is maintained. Operate in the sixth state (6). This allows the low-boiling-point component coolant separated in the previous operation to be retained in the reservoir 219 and has a capacity suitable for the load. Operation can be restarted in a small state.
  • the operation proceeds to STEP 2. Then, the coolant in the reservoir 219 is discharged to the main circuit. Since the opening and closing operations are performed in this manner, the heat pump device of Example 10 was immediately mixed with the filling assembly.
  • the non-azeotropic refrigerant is operated in a state where the amount of the refrigerant is large and the amount of the refrigerant is large, so that a large-capacity operation suitable for a load can be performed.
  • the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 2 25 and the set air temperature is detected based on the magnitude of the load, and the open / close valve 22 1 is opened.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the valves 2 2 3 and 2 4 to open and close controls the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the load of the cooling medium. It can be changed to a suitable state. Therefore, the heat pump device of the tenth embodiment is capable of appropriately controlling the performance according to the state of the load.
  • FIG. 21 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 11;
  • FIG. 22 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed therein, and has a compressor 21 1, a four-way valve 21 2, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 2 13, the outdoor main expansion device 230, the indoor main expansion device 2 31, and the indoor heat exchanger 2 16 are connected to the piping in a ring to cool and freeze.
  • the main circuit of the cycle is configured.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 11 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 10 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the main difference between the heat pump device of the embodiment 11 and the heat pump device of the embodiment 10 is that the outdoor main inflation is different from that of the heat pump device of the embodiment 10.
  • the outdoor main expansion device 23 which can be fully closed is used as the device, and the indoor main expansion device 23 which can be fully closed as the indoor main expansion device is used. It is a point that is used.
  • the suction pressure sensor 23 2 and the discharge pressure sensor 23 3 are provided.
  • the suction pressure sensor 1 2 3 2 is installed in the suction pipe of the compressor 2 1 1
  • the discharge pressure sensor 1 2 3 Numeral 3 is installed in the discharge pipe of the compressor 2 11.
  • Example 11 In the heat pump device of Example 1, the storage device 2 3 4 is the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to the desired value.
  • the operation control device 235 determines the operation state of the compressor 211 and the opening degree of the main expansion devices 233, 231 based on the determination result. In operation, the arithmetic control device 235 operates the opening and closing valves 221, 223, and 224. In the operation of the operation control device 2 35, the air temperature and the room temperature set in the storage device 2 34 were detected by the room temperature sensor 2 2 6 Air temperature, outdoor air temperature detected by outdoor temperature sensor 22 7, suction pressure detected by suction pressure sensor 23 2, and suction air pressure detected by sensor 23 22 The discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 23 3 is used. Then, based on the operation result, the operation control device 235 operates the opening and closing valves 221, 223, 224 based on the operation result. Then, adjust the opening of the indoor main expansion device 230 and the outdoor main expansion device 230.
  • Embodiment 11 since the other configuration is the same as that of Embodiment 10 described above, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • Fig. 22 shows the operation of the cooling / freezing cycle in the heat pump device of the embodiment 11 configured as described above. Explain the power of reference.
  • FIG. 22 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump device of the embodiment 11;
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the indoor temperature sensor detected by the indoor temperature sensor 226 are used. Prediction of the air-conditioning load is performed based on the room temperature and the set temperature stored in the storage device 234 (STEP 1). At this time, when the predicted load L o is determined to be larger than the preset load reference value L s (L o ⁇ L s), Close the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4, and open / close the open / close valve 2 23 (STEP 2). At this time, if the liquid coolant is stored in the reservoir 2 19, the liquid coolant flows out to the main circuit through the opening / closing valve 2 23, and the reservoir 2 2 In 19, only the gas coolant remains.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 1 2. After that, it flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 2 13.
  • the high-pressure liquid coolant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 211 is subjected to the discharge pressure and the suction pressure by the outdoor main expansion device 230.
  • the pressure is reduced up to the intervening pressure.
  • the intermediate pressure refrigerant is further reduced to a low pressure near the suction pressure in the indoor main expansion device 231.
  • the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the indoor heat exchanger 211 and is returned to the compressor 211 via the four-way valve 211. Inhaled.
  • the load is determined in the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle (STEP 3).
  • STEP 3 write the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 2 34.
  • the first state (1) of STEP 2 is maintained. That is, when the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 211 is circulated only in the main circuit, the refrigerant is opened and closed and the valve is opened and closed. ⁇ was closed, the open / close valve 22 3 was opened, and the rectifier 2 17 was connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 2 11. For this reason, the inside of the rectifier / separator 217, the cooler 218 and the reservoir 219 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of the coolant.
  • the open / close valve 2 21 and the open / close valve 2 24 are closed, and the open / close valve 2 23 is opened, so that the heat pump device is opened.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • STEP 3 write the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 23 4. If the absolute value of the difference from the stored set air temperature to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load Is small, the signal that closes the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 2 23 and opens and closes the open / close valve 2 24 4 is operated by the operation control device 2 3 5 It is transmitted from Kawo. As a result, the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2
  • This state is the second state of the valve opening / closing operation. (2). This second state (2) is maintained for a fixed time (T1) (STEP 5).
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 is capable of storing a dense liquid or a two-phase coolant directly in a reservoir 219. The circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 11 can reduce the power in a short time in response to the load.
  • the gas refrigerant that has risen in the rectifying separator 217 flows into the cooler 218.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 218 is stored in the reservoir 219, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 219. Return from the bottom of the reservoir 219 to the top of the fractionator 217. Return to fractionator 2 17
  • the returned coolant descends in the rectifying separator 217 and flows into the sub-expansion device 222 from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217.
  • the two-phase refrigerant depressurized in the sub-expansion device 22 2 passes through the cooler 2 18 and the opening / closing valve 2 23 to the compressor 2 11 1.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the refrigeration cycle is used for the cooler 218. Since it is used as a cooling source for the cooling system, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used, and the cooling device 218 can be reduced in size, not only to a small size. The gas at the top of the fractionator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 19. Then, the cooling medium in the storage device 219 returns to the top of the rectification separator 217 again and descends down the rectification separator 217.
  • the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending and descending in the rectifying separator 217 are in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact with. Due to this gas-liquid contact, a -rectification operation occurs, and a cooling medium of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition is gradually stored in the storage device 219.
  • cooling medium flowing down the rectifying / separating device 2 17 and passing through the sub-expansion device 222 is gradually formed into a cooling medium having a high boiling point and a large amount. Cooler 2 1 8 and open / close valve 2 It is sucked into the compressor 2 11 via 2 3.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, thereby increasing the performance. It can be reduced. Further, since a low-boiling-point coolant is stored in the reservoir 21, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of coolant is reduced. Thus, the performance is further reduced. Therefore, the heat pump device of Example 11 can perform low-power operation suitable for a load.
  • Step 7 the compressor 2 1 1 Operation decision is made. If it is determined in step 7 that the compressor 211 is operating, the load judgment is maintained while maintaining the state of step 6. (Step 8). If it is determined in STEP 8 that the cooling load is smaller than the specified value ⁇ t (it1 to I ⁇ t), the state of STEP 6 is maintained.
  • the process proceeds to STEP 9. .
  • the air-conditioning load increases and the indoor air temperature t of the indoor unit 2 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 2 26 and the storage device 2 3 4 If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature t 0 stored in 4 is greater than the specified value ⁇ t, the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 The open / close signal of is transmitted from the operation control device 2 35, and the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are opened and released again. (STEP 9).
  • This state is the fourth state (4) of the valve opening / closing operation. This fourth state (4) is maintained for a fixed time (T2) (STEP 10).
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 2 19 flows out to the main circuit.
  • the closing signals of the opening / closing valves 22 1 and 22 4 are transmitted from the operation control device 23 35, and the opening / closing valves 22 1 and the opening / closing valves 2 21 are transmitted.
  • 24 is closed (STEP 2).
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit increases in a short period of time, and the main circuit returns to a high-performance filling configuration, and the heat pump device is restored. It is possible to restart the operation with a large capacity according to the load.
  • the arithmetic control device 235 uses the measured values of the suction pressure sensor 232 and the discharge pressure sensor 233 to measure the discharge pressure. Calculates the pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ between the output pressure and the suction pressure, and compares it with the differential pressure value Ps previously set and stored in the storage device 2 3 4 (STEP 1 2). In step 12, if the pressure difference ⁇ is equal to or greater than the set differential pressure value P s (PP ⁇ P s), this differential pressure calculation is repeated. U.
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is determined (STEP 14), and if it is determined that the compressor 211 is stopped, the operation is terminated. 13
  • the fifth state (5) of the valve opening / closing operation of 3 is maintained. If it is determined that the compressor 2 11 is operating, the outdoor main expansion device 230 and the indoor main expansion device 23 1 are reserved. A signal that can be opened up to the preset opening that has been set is transmitted from the arithmetic control unit 235. As a result, the outdoor main inflatable device 23 and the indoor main inflatable device 23 can be opened to the predetermined opening (STEP 15).
  • the outdoor main expansion device 230 is the first setting opening 1
  • the indoor main expansion device 231 is the second setting opening 2. It is. After this state, operate the STEP 6 and start separation operation again.
  • the predicted load L o is set in advance and the load reference value L is set in advance. If it is determined that the load is smaller than s (Lo ⁇ L s), the load state at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 16). If it is determined in STEP 16 that the load has stopped due to a heavy load, the valve opening and closing operation in STEP 2 (the first condition (1)) is performed. After that, perform the separation operation following STEP 3 and below.
  • the low-boiling-point component refrigerant separated in the previous operation is stored in the reservoir. Keeping at 219, the heat pump device can resume operation with a low capacity suitable for the load.
  • the operation shifts to the operation of five pounds and the coolant in the reservoir 21 is changed to Released into the main circuit.
  • the main circuit is immediately operated with the mixed non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium as it is in the packed state and in a state with a large amount of the cooling medium.
  • the heat pump device is negative Large capacity operation suitable for the load: can be performed.
  • t is the room temperature (measured value t0 is the set temperature set by the user ⁇ t is the preset room temperature and set 1 ⁇ 2a , T is the measurement time, T 1 is the set time 1 (the second state (2) of the expected opening / closing valve operation) Time), and T2 is the set time 2 (the retention time of the preset fourth state (4) of the opening and closing valve operation).
  • ⁇ 3 is the setting time 3 (the holding time of the preset 6th state (6) of opening / closing valve operation)
  • L0 is the load forecast reference value measurement Value
  • Ls is 5 or t
  • ⁇ P is the measured pressure difference (measured value )
  • P s is the pressure difference set in advance.
  • the first state (1) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 22 1 is closed, the opening / closing valve 22 3 is open, and the opening / closing valve 22 24 is closed.
  • the second state (2) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 2 21 is closed, the opening / closing valve 22 3 is closed, and the opening / closing valve 22 4 is open.
  • the third state (3) of open / close valve operation is open / close valve 221: open, open / close valve 22: open, open / close valve 2 24 closed state It is.
  • the fourth state (4) of the opening / closing valve operation is a state in which the opening / closing valve 221: open, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: open.
  • the fifth state (5) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 224: closed.
  • the sixth state (6) of the opening / closing valve operation is the state of the opening / closing valve 221: closed, the opening / closing valve 223: closed, and the opening / closing valve 2224: closed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium only flows in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those of the cooling operation described above. It is the same as
  • the outdoor temperature detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 227 and the indoor temperature sensor 226 detected by the indoor temperature sensor Prediction of the air-conditioning load from the room temperature and the five-temperature stored in the storage device 234 (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1).
  • the reservoir 21 9 If the liquid coolant is stored in the main circuit, the liquid coolant flows out to the main circuit through the opening / closing valve 22. For this reason, only the gas refrigerant remains in the reservoir 2 19.
  • the refrigerant of the high-pressure gas discharged from the compressor 211 is compressed by four. After passing through the one-way valve 2 12, it flows into the indoor heat exchanger 2 16 and is condensed. The condensed high-pressure liquid coolant is reduced to a pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure by the main expansion device 23 1 in the chamber, and then the chamber is cooled.
  • the pressure is further reduced by the outer main expansion device 230 to a low pressure near the suction pressure.
  • This reduced-pressure low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is vaporized in the outdoor heat exchanger 21 and is compressed through the four-way valve 21 through the compressor 21. It is sucked into 1 again.
  • StepP3 Determine the load in the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle.
  • the intake air temperature t of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 and the storage device 2 34 are stored in the storage device 2 34. If the absolute value of the difference from the set air temperature t0 exceeds the specified value At (
  • the open / close valve 2 2 1 and the open / close valve 2 2 4 are closed, the open / close valve 2 23 is open, and the rectifying separator 2 17 is connected to the compressor 2 1 1 Since it is connected to the suction piping, the inside of the rectifying separator 217, the cooler 218, and the reservoir 219 becomes low-pressure gas. However, there is almost no storage of refrigerant.
  • the cooling medium in the main circuit is kept in the filled configuration by operating as described above.
  • the mixture is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. Therefore, the heat pump device can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for the load.
  • the load is determined in STEP 3 and the suction air temperature (room temperature) of the indoor unit 22 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 22 6 is determined.
  • the dense liquid or the two-phase coolant can be stored directly in the reservoir 21.
  • the main circuit is operated with a small amount of coolant, so that the heat pump device of Example 11 reduces the reduction in performance. You can do it in time.
  • a signal for opening and closing the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 22 3 and closing the opening / closing valve 22 4 is transmitted to the operation control device 2.
  • the signal is transmitted from 35, the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 3 are opened, and the open / close valve 22 4 is closed.
  • the above-mentioned opening / closing valves 2 2 1 and 2 2 3 are opened and closed, and the opening and closing valves 2 24 are closed, so that the compressor 2 1 1 discharges from the discharge piping.
  • a part of the high-pressure gas is diverted, passes through the open / close valve 222, and is reduced in pressure in the auxiliary expansion device 220.
  • This depressurized gas refrigerant flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 and is separated by rectifying. Raise the inside of the container 2 17.
  • the cooling medium that has risen in the rectifying separator 217 flows into the cooler 218.
  • the liquid coolant condensed and liquefied in the cooler 218 is stored in the reservoir 219, and the liquid coolant stored earlier is stored in the reservoir 219. Return from the bottom of the reservoir 219 to the top of the fractionator 217.
  • the refrigerant returned to the rectifying separator 2 17 descends in the rectifying separator 2 17, and the rectifying separator 2
  • the top of the low-temperature two-phase cryogen cooled by the sub-expansion device 222 and the rectifying separator 217 is removed. Indirect heat exchange with the gas coolant flowing into the cooler 218.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the refrigeration cycle is used for the cooler 218. Since it is used as a cooling source for the refrigeration system, the latent heat of the cooling medium can be effectively used for ij, and the cooling device 218 can be reduced in size. The gas at the top of the fractionator 217 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing in from the bottom of the rectifying separator 217 is cooled by the cooler 218 to be liquefied, and then liquefied. It is stored in 219. Then, the cooling medium in the storage device 219 returns to the top of the rectification separator 217 again and descends down the rectification separator 217. When this condition occurs continuously, the gas cooling medium rising and falling in the rectifying separator 217 and the liquid cooling medium descending and descending in the rectifying separator 217 are in the rectifying separator 217. Gas-liquid contact with. This gas-liquid contact causes a rectification operation, and the reservoir 219 gradually stores a refrigerant of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the cooling medium flowing down the rectifying / separating device 217 and passing through the sub-expansion device 22 gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 11 via the regenerator 2 18.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the capacity can be reduced. Further, since the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the storage device 219, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced. To a small extent, the performance can be further reduced. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of Example 11 can perform low-power operation suitable for a load.
  • the compressor is The operation judgment of 2 1 1 is performed (STEP 7). If it is determined in STEP 7 that the compressor 211 is operating, the load is determined while maintaining the condition of STEP 6 (STEP 8). If it is determined in STEP 8 that the cooling load is small (It-toI ⁇ t), the state of STEP6 is maintained.
  • the cooling load increased and the indoor unit 225 detected by the temperature sensor 226 sucked in.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to calculated by the operation device 2 3 4 is greater than the specified value At (It 1 to I ⁇ ⁇
  • the open / close signals of the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 23 5.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are again opened (STEP 9). This state is maintained for a certain period of time (T2) (STEP 10).
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 21 19 flows out to the main circuit, and thereafter, the opening / closing valve 22 1 and the opening / closing valve 2 24 are closed.
  • the stop signal is transmitted from the operation control device 23 5, and the open / close valve 22 1 and the open / close valve 22 4 are closed (STEP 2).
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit increased in a short period of time, and the main circuit returned to a high-performance filling composition, and the heat of Example 11 was changed.
  • the pump device can resume high-power operation according to the load.
  • the arithmetic unit 23 4 has the discharge pressure and the discharge pressure. Calculate the pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ of the suction pressure. Then, the arithmetic unit 234 calculates the calculated pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ and the differential pressure value P stored in the storage unit 234 which has been set in advance. Compare s with (STEP 1 2). In step 12, if the pressure difference ⁇ is equal to or greater than the set differential pressure value Ps ( ⁇ P ⁇ Ps), the differential pressure calculation is repeated.
  • the open / close valve 22 1 The closing signals of the closing valves 22 and 3 and the opening and closing valves 22 4 are transmitted from the arithmetic and control unit 23 5. As a result, the open / close valve 2 21, the open / close valve 2 23, and the open / close valve 22 4 are in the closed state (STEP 13).
  • the operation of the compressor 211 is determined (STEP 14). If it is determined that the compressor 211 is stopped, the operation of the STEP 211 is stopped. Maintain the state of 3. On the other hand, if it is determined in STEP 14 that the compressor 2 11 is operating, the operation control device 23 5 is connected to the outdoor main expansion device. Transmits a signal that allows the 230 and the indoor main expansion device 231 to open to the preset opening that has been previously set. As a result, the outdoor main inflatable device 23 and the indoor main inflatable device 23 can be opened to the predetermined opening degree (STEP 15). After that, the operation of STEP 6 is performed, and the separation operation is started again.
  • the separation operation is performed based on the cooling medium composition ratio immediately before the compressor 211 stops.
  • the time required to restart and complete the separation can be further reduced.
  • the load forecast immediately after startup (STEP 1), it is assumed that the predicted load L o is smaller than the preset load reference value L s. If it is determined, the load condition at the time of the previous stop of operation is determined (STEP 16). If it is determined in STEP 16 that the load has stopped due to a large load, the valve opening / closing operation in STEP 2 (first condition (1)) is performed. After that, perform the separation operation following STEP 3 below.
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 is operated at a low boiling point separated by the previous operation.
  • the coolant can be stored in the reservoir 2 19, and the operation can be restarted with a small capacity suitable for the load.
  • the operation shifts to STEP 2 and the cooling medium in the reservoir 211 is mainly used. Release into circuit.
  • the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant which is immediately filled and assembled. It is operated in a state where the medium recording temperature and the cooling amount are large.
  • the single-pump device of Example 11 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected based on the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 2 25 and the set air temperature, and the open / close valve 221, 1 is closed.
  • Simple operation of opening and closing valves 2 2 3, and opening and closing valves 2 2 4 allows the amount of cooling medium in the main circuit and the structure of cooling medium to be adjusted to the load. Can be changed to a state. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of Example 11 is capable of performing appropriate power control in response to a load in a shorter time.
  • the non-azeotropic refrigerant to be sealed is a substitute for R22.
  • R407C which is a mixture of three kinds of single refrigerants of R32, R125, and R134a, is used, a refrigerant having a low boiling point R3
  • the heat pump device of Example 11 can reduce the performance reduction ratio. This makes it possible to control the power capacity optimally even for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. Figure 12 the heat pump apparatus according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • FIG. Figure 1 A description will be given of the heat pump apparatus according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • Reference numeral 23 denotes a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 12.
  • Figure 24 shows the heat pump device of Example 12 It is a control flow chart.
  • the heat pump device of Example 12 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture, and has a compressor 311, a four-way valve 312, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • Heat exchanger 3 13, outdoor main expansion unit 3 14, indoor main expansion unit 3 15, and indoor heat exchanger 3 16 are connected to pipes in a ring to cool and freeze.
  • the main circuit of the cycle is configured.
  • the rectifying separator 317 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled therein.
  • the ⁇ part of the fractionation separator 317 communicates with the top of the reservoir 319 via the cooler 318, and the bottom of the reservoir 319 is purified. It communicates with the top of the fraction separator 317. For this reason, the top of the rectifying separator 317, the cooler 318, and the reservoir 319 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. ing .
  • the reservoir 319 is positioned such that its top is higher than the top of the fractionator 317.
  • the cooler 318 is arranged so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 319.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the rectifying separator 317 to the cooler 318 is connected to the top surface of the rectifying separator 317. It is.
  • the piping connecting the bottom of the storage device 319 and the top of the rectifying separator 317 is connected to the side surface of the top of the rectifying separator 317. ing .
  • the piping led out from the bottom of the fractionator 31 17 is connected to the main outdoor expansion via the auxiliary expansion device 32 1 and the opening / closing valve 3 20.
  • Pipe connecting the device 3 14 to the main expansion device 3 15 in the room It is connected to the .
  • the bottom of the fractionator 31 1 is suction-distributed to the compressor 3 1 1 through the auxiliary expansion device 3 2 2, the cooler 3 18 and the opening / closing valve 3 2 3. It is connected to a pipe.
  • This suction pipe is a pipe that connects between the compressor 311 and the four-way valve 312.
  • the cooler 318 includes a cooling medium flowing from the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 317 through the auxiliary expansion device 322 to the opening / closing valve 323 and a rectifying / separating device. It is configured to indirectly exchange heat with the coolant at the top of the vessel 317.
  • a double pipe structure can be used as the cooler 318 of the embodiment 12.
  • the bottom of the reservoir 31 9 is suctioned by a compressor 311 that connects between the compressor 311 and the four-way valve 312 via an open / close valve 324. It is connected to the inlet / outlet pipe.
  • the indoor unit 3 25 in the main circuit has an indoor main expansion device 3 15, an indoor heat exchanger 3 16, an indoor temperature sensor 3 26, etc. That is, the indoor temperature sensor 326 detects the indoor air temperature (that is, the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3225).
  • the storage device 327 stores the set air temperature value set in advance by the user to a desired value.
  • the operation control device 3 28 is stored in the storage device 3 27 and the suction air temperature t detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6.
  • the absolute value of the temperature difference from the set air temperature t o. Is compared with the predetermined value At, and based on the comparison result, the valves are opened / closed 32 0, 32 2 3, 3 2 4 are controlled to open and close.
  • FIG. 24 is a control flowchart showing a control operation in the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 12. As shown in FIG.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2).
  • the indoor unit 3 2 5 suction air detected by the indoor temperature sensor 3 2 6 If the difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 327 exceeds the specified value At (1 t — to!> ⁇ t), that is, when the cooling load is large, the closing signal of the open / close valve 320 and the open / close signal of the open / close valve 32 23 and 32 24 are calculated. Sent from control unit 328. That is, the opening / closing valve 320 remains closed, and the opening / closing valves 3223, 3224 remain open.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened, and the rectifying separation device is opened. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 311 via the force S open / close valve 3 2 3, 3 2 4, the rectification separator 3 17, The inside of the cooling device 318 and the storage device 319 becomes low-pressure gas, and the cooling medium is hardly stored.
  • the coolant in the main circuit is not filled. It is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant that is still mixed, and is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. As a result, the heat pump apparatus of Example 12 can perform large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2), and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is written as t. If the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 3 2 7 is less than or equal to the predetermined value At (1 t — to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, When the cooling load is small, the open / closed valves of the open / close valves 32 0 and 32 3 and the close signal of the open / close valves 32 4 are operated by the operation control device 3 2 8 It will be sent to you. As a result, the open / close valve 32203 is in an open / closed state, and the open / close valve 3224 is in a closed state (STEP 3).
  • the liquid coolant in the reservoir 3 19 flows into the rectification separator 3 17 by the head of the liquid coolant. And lower the rectifying separator 317. In this state, almost no liquid coolant rises in the rectifying separator 317, and mainly gas refrigerant is supplied to the rectifying separator 317. Start to ascend inside the fractionator 317 from the bottom. Then, the liquid coolant cooled and liquefied by the cooler 318 is again stored in the reservoir 319 while the rectifying separator 31 Return to the top of 7 and lower the rectifier 3 17.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down in the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling medium liquid descending in the rectifying separator 317 are separated in the rectifying separator 317.
  • Gas-liquid contact This gas-liquid contact causes the rectification to occur, and the reservoir 31 19 is gradually cooled by a cooling medium having a low boiling point and a large amount of cooling medium. The medium is stored.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 317 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the coolant having dropped down the rectifying separator 317 passes through the opening / closing valve 320 and the auxiliary expansion device 321 to the rectifying separator 317. It merges with the two-phase coolant flowing into the bottom and passes through the sub-expansion device 3 2 2 and the open / close valve 3 2 3 which is opened further from the cooler 3 18. After that, it is sucked into the compressor 3 11.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling-point coolant composition, and when the load is small, the power is reduced to the corresponding capacity. You can do it. Further, since the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the storage device 319, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant is reduced. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 can operate at a low power suitable for the load. I can .
  • the heat pump device of Example 12 can effectively utilize latent heat, and can not only reduce the size of the cooler 318.
  • the gas at the top of the fractionator 31 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the load is determined. (STEP 4).
  • the load increased and the indoor air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 was written as t.
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 32 Open / close valve 3 2 3, 3 2 4 The open / close signal is applied to the operation control device 3
  • the opening / closing valve 32 0 is closed and the opening / closing valves 3 2 3, 3 2 4 are released, so that the low boiling point stored in the storage device 3 19 is reduced.
  • the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 311 via the opening / closing valves 32, 324.
  • the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition, and the coolant amount of the main circuit increases.
  • the heat pump device of item 12 can restart the operation with a large capacity according to the load.
  • an open / close valve 3 2 4 is provided between the reservoir 3 19 and the suction pipe of the compressor 3 11.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected based on the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 32 5 and the set air temperature, and the open / close valve 3 20
  • the simple operation of controlling the opening and closing of 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 makes it possible to change the cooling medium amount and cooling medium composition of the main circuit. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of Example 12 can appropriately control the power in accordance with the load.
  • a high heating capacity such as immediately after the start of the compressor 311, open / close the valve 320. Close and open valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 311 passes through the four-way valve 312 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger 316.
  • the cooling medium is condensed and liquefied by contributing to the heating, and flows into the main indoor expansion device 315.
  • the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced to an intermediate pressure.
  • Step 2 write the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 2 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 3 2 6 and the storage device 3 2 7. If the difference from the stored set air temperature to exceeds the specified value At (It-toi> ⁇ t), that is, the heating load is large. In this case, the operation control device 328 sends the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 320 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 32 3, 32 4. . As a result, the opening / closing valve 320 remains closed, and the opening / closing valves 3223, 3224 remain open.
  • the open / close valve 32 0 is closed, the open / close valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are open, and the cooler 3 1 8 and the reservoir 3 1 are closed.
  • 9 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 311 via the opening and closing valve 3 2 3 and the opening and closing valve 3 2 4, so that the rectifying separator 3 17 is cooled.
  • the inside of the heat exchanger 318 and the reservoir 319 becomes low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of the refrigerant.
  • the coolant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixed coolant as it is in the packed configuration, and The main circuit is operated with a large amount of coolant. Therefore, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • a load judgment is made (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2), and the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is detected. If the difference between t and the set air temperature to which is set to pL i3 ⁇ 4 in unit 32 is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (I t — toi ⁇ ⁇ t), In other words, in the case of the heating load ⁇ fi ⁇ , in which case, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 32 0, 32 3 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valves 3 24 4 are operated and controlled.
  • the equipment is sent from 328 cars.
  • the rectifying separator 317 was cooled.
  • the inside of the reservoir 318 and the reservoir 319 is almost free of the cooling medium and is in an empty state.
  • the coolant flows into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 passes through the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling device 318 and is stored in the storage device 319. It is. Further, a part of the cooling medium is depressurized through the sub-expansion device 322, flows into the cooling device 318 as a low-temperature two-phase cooling medium, and flows there. Indirect heat exchange with the cooling medium at the top of the fractionation separator 317 is performed.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 3 19 gradually increases its power, and the liquid coolant in the reservoir 3 19 is moved down the rectifying separator 3 17 by the head of the liquid coolant in the reservoir 3 19. Get down. In this state, almost no liquid coolant rises in the rectifying separator 317.
  • the main gas refrigerant starts rising from the bottom of the rectifier / separator 317 from the bottom of the rectifier / separator 317, and is cooled and liquefied by the chiller 319 And stored in the storage device 319. Then, the refrigerant returns to the top of the rectifier / separator 317 again and descends down the rectifier / separator 317.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling liquid descending down the rectifying separator 317 are in the rectifying separator 317.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 317 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the refrigerant having a high boiling point is supplied to the two-phase refrigerant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 through the opening / closing valve 322 and the sub-expansion device 321.
  • the sub-expansion device 3 2 2 and the cooler 3 18, and are further opened Is passed through the open / close valve 3 2 3 to be sucked into the compressor 3 1 1.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a coolant system having a high boiling point and a large amount, and when the load is small, the main circuit can reach the capacity corresponding to the load. It can be reduced.
  • the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 31 19, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced, and the amount of the refrigerant is reduced. As a result, the performance is further reduced, and a low-power operation suitable for the load can be performed.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase coolant with the lowest entrepreneurial cycle in the cooling cycle is cooled by the cooler 3 1.
  • the heat pump device of Example 12 not only allows the cooler 318 to be small, but also provides a gas at the top of the rectification separation 17. Can be liquefied reliably.
  • the release signals of 23 and 32 4 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3288.
  • the open / close valve 320 is closed again and the open / close valve is opened.
  • an open / close valve 3 2 4 is provided between the reservoir 3 19 and the suction pipe of the compressor 3 1 1. Since the refrigerant is directly connected, it is possible to force the coolant in the reservoir 319 to flow out to the main circuit in a short time. As a result, the heat-pump device of Example 12 has a good ability to follow the load.
  • the magnitude of the load is detected using the difference between the intake air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 and the set air temperature, and the open / close valve 3 is detected.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing 20, 32 3, and 32 4 changes the cooling medium amount and cooling medium composition of the main circuit. For this reason, the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 can appropriately control the power according to the load.
  • the opening and closing valves 3220, 32 are provided. 3 and 3 2 4 are all closed, and the closed circuit composed of the rectifying separator 3 17, the cooler 3 18, and the reservoir 3 19 is mainly used. It may be configured to be separated from the circuit.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 has the same configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 shown in FIG. 23 described above. However, only the control operation of the operation control device 328 is different. For this reason, in the following description, the same symbols are used for those having the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of Example 12. , And the description is omitted.
  • FIG. 25 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 according to the present invention.
  • a state where high performance is required such as immediately after the start of the compressor 311, is assumed to be a start state.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened (STEP 1).
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 311 flows through the four-way valve 312 to the outdoor heat exchanger 313, and External heat exchange It is condensed and liquefied in the vessel 3 13.
  • the condensed and liquefied liquid coolant flows into the outdoor main expansion device 314 and is reduced in pressure to an intermediate pressure.
  • the load is judged (STEP 2).
  • the indoor unit 3 2 5 suction air detected by the indoor temperature sensor 3 2 6
  • the difference between the air temperature t and the set air temperature to stored in the storage device 327 exceeds the first predetermined value ⁇ t1 (It 1 tol> Ztl)
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 32 and the open / close signal of the open / close valve 3 2 3 3 2 4 Is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3288.
  • the open / close valve 320 remains in the closed state, and the open / close valves 32, 32, 24 remain in the open state.
  • the open / close valve 320 is closed, and the open / close valves 322, 324 are opened, and the rectifying separator 317 is cooled.
  • the condenser 3 18 and the reservoir 3 19 are connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 3 1 1 through the open / close valve 3 2 3 and the open / close valve 3 2 4. Therefore, the inside of the rectifying / separating device 317, the cooling device 318, and the storing device 319 becomes a low-pressure gas, and the cooling medium is hardly stored. No.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant as filled and the main circuit has a large amount of refrigerant. It is operated by. As a result, the heat pump device can perform large-capacity operation suitable for the load.
  • STEP 2 a load judgment is made (STEP 2).
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 32 5 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the storage unit 32 27 are stored in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the set air temperature to is smaller than the first predetermined value At 1 (it 1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t 1), that is, the cooling load is In the case of a small size, the open / close signal of the open / close valve 3
  • Inlet air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the setting stored in the storage device 3 27 When the difference from the constant air temperature to exceeds a second predetermined value At 2 (A t 1> ⁇ t 2), which is smaller than the first predetermined value At 1 (I If t-to-I> ⁇ t2), return to STEP2.
  • the rectifying separator 317, the cooling device 318, and the storing device 319 are filled with the liquid cooling medium.
  • gas refrigerant mainly starts to rise in the rectifying separator 317 from the bottom of the rectifying separator 317, and is cooled by the refrigerator 318. Done To liquefy.
  • the liquefied coolant is returned to the top of the rectifying and separating device 317 from the power not stored in the storage device 319 and is returned to the rectifying and separating device 317. Go down 1 7.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling liquid descending down the rectifying separator 317 are in the rectifying separator 317.
  • the gas-liquid contact causes the rectification operation, and the reservoir 319 gradually stores the refrigerant of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 317 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant composition having a high boiling point is passed through the opening / closing valve 320 and the sub-expansion device 321, and flows into the bottom of the rectifier separator 317.
  • the cooler 3 18, and the open / close valve 3 2 3 which is opened and compressed. It is sucked into the machine 3 1 1.
  • the heat pump device of Example 13 has a main circuit that gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large cooling medium composition.
  • the power can be reduced to the corresponding capacity.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 can further reduce the power, and can perform the low power operation suitable for the load.
  • the force S can be.
  • the low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak was used for cooling in the cooling / freezing cycle. Since it is used as a cooling source for the heat exchanger 3 18, the cooling medium Not only can the latent heat be used effectively and the cooler 318 can be reduced in size, but also the gas at the top of the rectifier separator 17 can be reliably liquefied. it can .
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 can reduce the capacity corresponding to the load and operate with high efficiency. Wear .
  • the load is determined in STEP8.
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the storage device stored in the storage device 3 27 When the difference from the constant air temperature to is smaller than or equal to the second predetermined value At 2 (It1 to I ⁇ ⁇ t2), that is, when the refrigerant load is small In this case, the condition of STEP 7 is maintained, and the main circuit is operated by a coolant composition with a high boiling point and a large amount.
  • the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 is stored as t.
  • the difference from the set air temperature to stored in the device 3 27 exceeds the second predetermined value At 2 (I t 1 to I> ⁇ t
  • the release signal of 3 2 4 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3 2 8.
  • the open / close valve 320 is in the closed state, and the open / close valves 32, 32 are in the open state. Due to this state, the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 319 is sucked into the compressor 311 via the opening / closing valves 32, 324.
  • the cooling system in the main circuit is returned to the high-performance filling system.
  • the amount of refrigerant in the main circuit is increased [I], and the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load is restarted.
  • the magnitude of the load is determined by the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 325 and the air temperature t. Using the difference from the constant air temperature to, detection is performed, and the simple operation of opening and closing the opening and closing valves 32, 32, and 32 is based on the simple operation. It is controlling power.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 is a means for performing the power control by reducing the amount of coolant in the main circuit when the load is slightly reduced. When the load is greatly reduced, the amount of coolant in the main circuit is reduced, and the coolant composition can be changed to a state corresponding to the load. Thus, it is possible to switch between the means for controlling the performance and the operation. For this reason, the heat pump device of the embodiment 13 is a device that is more excellent in following the load.
  • the rectification separator 3 17 By separating the closed circuit of the cooler 318 and the reservoir 319 from the main circuit, the two-phase coolant can flow to the low pressure side. This eliminates the loss of heat required for rectification separation. With this configuration, the heat pump device of Example 13 performs high-efficiency operation when the power is low. be able to .
  • Example 13 in Step 1, both the open / close valve 3 2 3 and the open / close valve 3 2 4 were opened / released in STEP 1, but the open / close valve 3 2 3 or opening and closing valve 3 2 4 Even if it is configured to open only one of the valves, the same effect as in Example 13 above can be achieved.
  • FIG. Figure 14 a heat pump apparatus according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27.
  • FIG. Figure 14 a heat pump apparatus according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27.
  • Reference numeral 26 denotes a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 14.
  • FIG. 27 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 14 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 14 is composed of the outdoor main expansion device 3 14 and the indoor main expansion device of the heat pump device of the embodiment 12.
  • a gas-liquid separator 33 is provided between the device and the device 31. The upper part of the gas-liquid separator 33 is connected to the open / close valve 320. In addition, the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 33 is connected to the inlet of the opening / closing valve 32 through a sub-expansion device 33.
  • FIG. 27 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 14. As shown in FIG.
  • the open / close valve 32 0 is closed, and the open / close valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are opened.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 311 flows through the four-way valve 312 to the outdoor heat exchanger 313.
  • the refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 13 flows into the outdoor main expansion device 3 14, where the pressure is reduced to an intermediate pressure. .
  • a load judgment is made (STEP 2).
  • the air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 and the storage device stored in the storage device 3 27 If the difference from the constant air temperature t0 exceeds the predetermined value ⁇ t (It1 to!> ⁇ t), that is, if the cooling load is large
  • the closing control signal of the opening / closing valve 320 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 32 3, 32 4 are sent from the operation control device 3 28.
  • the open / close valve 320 is maintained in the closed state
  • the open / close valves 323, 3224 are maintained in the open / release state.
  • the medium-pressure refrigerant that has exited the outdoor expansion device 3 14 passes through the gas-liquid separator 33 0, and all of the indoor main expansion device 3 15
  • the refrigerant that passes through the chamber becomes a low pressure and is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 316.
  • the refrigerant evaporating in the indoor heat exchanger 316 is supplied to the indoor unit 322.
  • the space in which 5 is installed is cooled, and then sucked into the compressor 311 again through the four-way valve 312.
  • the open / close valve 3 20 is closed, the open / close valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4 are opened, and the cooler 3 18 and the reservoir 3 19 are connected to the compressor 3 1 Because it is connected to the suction pipe of (1), the inner parts of the rectifier / separator 317, the cooler 318 and the reservoir 319 are low-pressure gas. And has almost no coolant storage capacity.
  • the refrigerant in the main circuit is a mixed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant as it is in the packed configuration.
  • the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant, so that the heat pump device has a large capacity suitable for the load. Can be performed.
  • the load is determined (STEP 2).
  • STEP 2 write the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the stored set air temperature to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t (It-to I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the cooling load is small. Place In this case, the opening / closing signals of the opening / closing valves 320, 323 and the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 324 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3288.
  • the open / close valves 32 0 and 32 3 are opened (STEP 3), so that the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant exiting the outdoor main expansion device 3 14 The gas flows into the gas-liquid separator 330 and is separated therefrom.
  • the gas component mainly stays in the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 33, and the liquid component mainly stays in the lower part. .
  • this gas-liquid separator 33 mainly gas components are opened and closed from the piping connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 33. From the piping connected to the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 33, the liquid component mainly flows through the auxiliary expansion device 33 1, and the liquid component mainly opens and closes the valve 3 2 Flows to 0.
  • the refrigeration separator 317, the chiller 318, and the refrigeration system of the refrigeration unit 319 have almost no cooling medium. Since it is qualitatively empty, the refrigerant passes through the rectifying separator 317 and the cooler 318, and the refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 319. Further, a part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the fractionator 31 17 is reduced in pressure through the sub-expansion device 32 2, and becomes a low-temperature two-phase coolant. Then, flow into the cooler 3 18. Cold 18 and low temperature The two-phase cooling medium indirectly exchanges heat with the cooling medium at the top of the rectifying separator 317
  • the coolant in the reservoir 319 gradually increases, and the clarification / separation is performed by the head of the liquid coolant in the reservoir 319. You will descend inside the 3 1 7. In this state, almost no liquid coolant rises in the rectifying separator 317, and mainly the gas refrigerant is rectified from the bottom force. 3 ⁇ 45 3 1 7 Start to ascend inside. The cooling medium that has risen inside the rectifying separator 317 is cooled in the cooler 318 to be liquefied, and stored in the storage 319. Then, the cooling medium returned to the top of the rectifying and separating apparatus 317 falls down in the fm separating apparatus 317.
  • the cooling gas flowing up and down the rectifying separator 317 and the cooling liquid descending down the rectifying separator 317 are in the rectifying separator 317.
  • Gas-liquid contact with. This gas-liquid contact causes a rectification operation, and the reservoir 319 gradually stores a large amount of a low-boiling-point cooling medium composition.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 3 17 gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and the open / close valve 32 0, the sub-expansion device 3 2 1 and the two-phase cooling medium flowing into the bottom of the rectifying / separating device 3 17 through the sub-expansion device 3 2 2 and the cooling device 3 18, etc. Further, the air is passed through the open / close valve 3 2 3 which has been opened and is sucked into the compressor 3 11.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a refrigerant composition having a high boiling point and a large amount, and when the load is small, the capacity is reduced to the corresponding capacity. It can be reduced.
  • the low boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 31 19, the amount of the refrigerant in the main circuit is reduced. 3 Therefore, the heat pump device of Example 14 has a further reduced capacity due to a decrease in the amount of the coolant, and performs a low-power rolling operation under a load. And can be
  • the cooling device 1 As the cooling source of No. 8 is used for moss ij, latent heat can be used effectively, and the cooling device 3 18 can be reduced in size to only the cooling device 3 17 The gas at the top of the tank can be reliably liquefied.
  • the latent heat necessary to liquefy the gas rising from the rectification separation 317 was provided.
  • An approximately equal amount of liquid coolant is configured to flow through the cooler 3 18, and the minimum amount of liquid medium necessary to liquefy the gas is equal to the cooler 3. It is configured to flow to the suction side of the compressor 31 via 18 and the opening and closing valve 3 2 3.
  • the heat pump device of Example 14 can reduce the amount of heat during rectification separation operation, and can suppress the decrease in performance and efficiency. Can do this
  • the low boiling point coolant stored in the reservoir 3 19 is compressed through the open / close valves 3 2 3 and 3 2 4.
  • the suction is performed by the machine 311, and the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition.
  • the heat pump device increases the amount of coolant in the main circuit, and can resume large-capacity operation with great care.
  • the open / close valve 3 2 4 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the reservoir 3 19 and the compressor 3 11 1. Since the refrigerant is connected to the reservoir, the coolant in the reservoir 319 can be drained in a short time, and the ability to follow the load can be improved. Thus, the magnitude of the load is detected using the difference between the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25 and the set air temperature, and the valve is opened and closed.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing 32 0, 32 3, and 32 4 can change the amount of refrigerant and the composition of refrigerant in the main circuit. . Therefore, it is possible to adjust the amount of coolant in the main circuit and the composition of the coolant according to the load. As a result, the heat pump device of Example 14 can perform the power control appropriately and indirectly according to the load.
  • the cooling device flows from the gas-liquid separator 33 to the opening / closing valve 32 1 during the separation operation. Since the proportions of the gas component and the liquid component of the medium can be substantially equal, excessive and useless liquid cooling medium does not flow to the suction side of the compressor 311. In other words, the heat loss during the rectifying and separating operation should be reduced. Can be obtained. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 14 achieved an energy-saving effect capable of suppressing a decrease in performance and efficiency. The device will be
  • the flow of the cooling medium during the heating operation is only in the opposite direction in the main circuit, and the other operations are the same as those for the cooling operation described above. It is the same as the work.
  • the medium-pressure coolant that exited the indoor main expansion device 3 15 All are sent to the outdoor expansion device 3 14 through the gas-liquid separator 3 330.
  • the low-pressure coolant in the outdoor expansion device 3 14 evaporates by removing heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 13. After that, it is again sucked into the compressor 311 through the four-way valve 312.
  • the open / close valve 320 is closed, and the cooler 318 and the reservoir 319 are opened / closed. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 311 via 23 and 3224, the rectification separator 317, the cooler 318, and The inside of the reservoir 319 becomes a low-pressure gas, and there is almost no coolant storage.
  • the opening / closing valve 32 0 is closed and the opening / closing valves 32 3, 32 4 are opened, so that the coolant in the main circuit is charged and assembled. It becomes a mixed non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant as it is, and the main circuit is operated with a large amount of refrigerant. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 14 can perform a large-capacity operation suitable for a load.
  • the load is determined (STEP 2).
  • STEP 2 write the suction air temperature t of the indoor unit 3 25 detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6 in the storage device 32 7. If the difference from the stored set air temperature to is less than or equal to the specified value ⁇ t ( ⁇ t-t0 I ⁇ ⁇ t), that is, the heating load is small. In such a case, the open / closed valves of the open / close valves 32 0 and 32 3 and the close signal of the open / close valve 32 4 are sent from the operation control device 3288. .
  • the open / close valves 32 0 and 32 3 are opened (STEP 3) Therefore, the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited from the indoor main expansion 315 flows into the gas-liquid separator 330 and is separated into gas and liquid.
  • gas components mainly accumulate at the upper part and liquid components mainly accumulate at the lower part.
  • the rectifying separator 317, the cooling unit 318, and the storage unit 319 have almost no cooling medium. Since the refrigerant is qualitatively empty, the refrigerant that has passed through the rectifying separator 317 and the refrigerator 318 is stored in the reservoir 319. It is. In addition, a part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 is reduced in pressure through the auxiliary expansion device 322, and is a low-temperature two-phase coolant. Then, it flows into cooling 18. In this cooler 318, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the coolant at the top of the rectifier separator 317.
  • the coolant in the reservoir 319 gradually increases in calorie, and the heat of the liquid coolant in the reservoir 319 is refined by the head.
  • the distilling separator 3 17 comes down. In this state, almost no liquid coolant rises above the rectifying separator 317, and mainly gas crys- tal separator 317 Starting from the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 from the bottom, it is cooled by the cooler 319 to be liquefied, and stored in the reservoir 319. Then, the refrigerant returns to the top of the rectifier / separator 317 and descends down the rectifier / separator 317
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a cooling medium composition having a high boiling point and a large load. If the power is small, the power is reduced to the corresponding power. Further, the heat pump device of Example 14 has a low boiling point coolant in the reservoir 319, so that the amount of coolant in the main circuit is small. As a result, the capacity is further reduced due to the reduction in the amount of coolant, and a low-power operation can be performed with a reduced load.
  • the cold pump was used.
  • a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant with the lowest enthalpy peak in the freezing cycle is used as a cooling source for the cooler 318 for IJJ.
  • the heat from the cooling medium can be used effectively, and the gas at the top of the rectifier separator 17 can be confirmed as well as making the cooler 3 18 smaller. Can be liquefied
  • the latent heat required to liquefy the gas rising from the rectifying separator 317 is liquefied.
  • the same amount of liquid cooling medium that is held is configured to flow to the cooling unit 318, and more cooling liquid than necessary is used for the cooling unit 318, opening and closing valves.
  • the heat pump device of Example 14 does not flow to the suction side of the compressor 3 1 1 via the 3 2 3.
  • the heat S in the inside that is, the amount of liquid S that can be effectively used for cooling is reduced to the amount of no-pass to the compressor 311 by the force S. Therefore, the loss of power and efficiency can be reduced.
  • carry out load judgment (STEP 4). ).
  • the load increased and the indoor air temperature of the indoor unit 3 25, which was detected by the indoor temperature sensor 32 6, was changed to t gd storage m 3 2 7 (The difference from the set air temperature to which this IS ⁇ exceeds the specified value ⁇ t.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 32 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 3 2 3, 3 2 4 contain the operation control device 3 2 8 Sent by force.
  • the opening / closing valve 320 is closed again, and the opening / closing valves 322, 324 are opened (STEP).
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 31 is opened and closed.
  • the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 311 via the valves 32 3 and 32 24, and the cooling medium in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition.
  • the amount of coolant in the main circuit is increased, so that a large operating power corresponding to the load can be restarted.
  • the opening / closing valve 3 2 4 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the pressure storage device 3 19 and the compressor 3 11 1. Since the connection is continued, the coolant in the reservoir 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ 3 19 can be drained in a short time, and the ability to follow the load can be improved. As described above, in the heat pump apparatus of Example 14, the magnitude of the load is reduced by the suction air temperature of the indoor unit 32 ⁇ and the temperature And the valve is closed based on the difference between the
  • the heat pump device of Example 14 can perform appropriate power control according to the load.
  • the cooling device that flows from the gas-liquid separator 33 to the opening / closing valve 32 1 during separation operation is used. Since the gas component and the liquid component of the medium can be made substantially equal, the number of hot holes in the rectification separation operation can be reduced. Accordingly, the pump device of Example 14 is a superior energy device capable of suppressing a decrease in performance and efficiency. Become
  • FIG. FIG. 28 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 15.
  • FIG. 29 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 12 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 is provided with a discharge temperature sensor 341, which detects the discharge temperature of the compressor 311.
  • the heat storage device 3 ⁇ 4d storage device 3 42 of the heat pump device of the embodiment 15 is configured to store the preset discharge temperature value set in advance. It has been.
  • the operation control device 34 3 of the heat pump device in the embodiment 15 is the same as the discharge temperature value and the discharge temperature set in the storage device 3 42.
  • the discharge temperature detected by the sensor 341 is compared with the discharge temperature, and the open / close valves 32 0, 32 3, and 32 4 are controlled to open and close.
  • FIG. 29 is a flow chart of the discharge temperature control in the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 15;
  • the opening / closing valves 32 0, 32 3 and 32 24 are in a closed state. (STEP 1).
  • the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 311 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 31 and the storage device 342 are stored in the storage device 342.
  • the stored first set discharge temperature T1 is compared with the stored first set discharge temperature T1. If the discharge temperature Tel is equal to or lower than the first set discharge temperature T1 (Td ⁇ 1), the flow returns to STEP 1 and the open / close valves 32 0, 3
  • the closing signals of 2 3 and 3 2 4 are sent from the arithmetic and control unit 3 4 3. As a result, opening and closing valves
  • Step 2 the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 3 11 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 3 41 is stored in the storage device 3.
  • the discharge temperature T cl of the compressor 31 1 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 34 1 is stored in the storage device 3 42. If the temperature is equal to or lower than the second set discharge temperature T 2 (T d ⁇ T 2), return to STEP 2.
  • the second set discharge temperature T2 is larger than the first set discharge temperature T1 (T2> T1).
  • step 4 the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 31 1 detected by the discharge temperature sensor 34 1 is changed to the second set discharge temperature. If the temperature T2 exceeds T2 (Td> T2),
  • STEP 5 the opening and closing signals of the opening and closing valves 32, 32, and 32 4 are sent from the operation control device 34 43, and the opening and closing valves 32 0, 3 22 2 3, 3 2 4 are released .
  • a part of the medium-pressure refrigerant that has exited the outdoor expansion device 3 14 passes through the opening / closing valve 3 20 and the auxiliary expansion device 3 2 1 to rectify. Flow into the bottom of the separator 3 17. Then, the cooling medium flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 317 passes through the reservoir 319 and is opened and closed by the open / close valve 324. Through the compressor and into the suction pipe of the compressor 311.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 15 since the opening and closing valves are controlled to open and close as described above, the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant is compressed. It can be forced to flow into the suction piping of the compressor 311. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 15 allows the discharge temperature of the compressor 311 to be immediately lowered to a safer value. And can be done.
  • Example 15 the relationship between the control of the opening / closing of the opening / closing valve and the operation of rectification separation was not described in detail.
  • the discharge temperature control method of the present invention is operable even under a load condition such as that shown in Embodiment 12 described above. That's not to say.
  • Example 15 the discharge temperature sensor 341, which detects the discharge temperature of the compressor 311, is provided in advance.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 32 0, 32 3 and 32 24 by comparing the set discharge temperature value with the set discharge temperature value is set.
  • the temperature is often increased.
  • the flow of the two-phase cooling medium can reduce the temperature quickly to a safe temperature, and it can be adjusted according to the discharge temperature. Adjusting the flow rate does not impair the reliability of the compressor by flowing excessive two-phase refrigerant.
  • FIG. 30 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 16.
  • the heat pump device of Example 16 contains a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixed therein, and has a compressor 421, a four-way valve 422, and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 4 2 3, the outdoor expansion device 4 2 4, the indoor expansion device 4 25, and the indoor heat exchanger 4 26 are connected to the piping in a ring shape to cool and freeze.
  • the main circuit of the system is configured.
  • the heat pump device of Example 16 is provided with a heat storage heat exchanger 422.
  • One end of the heat storage heat exchanger 4 2 7 A piping is provided between the directional valve 422 and the indoor air conditioner 422 via an opening / closing valve 428 for a fee.
  • the open / close valve 428 is operated so as to be opened during the heat storage operation.
  • the heat storage heat exchanger 422 is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 421 via an opening / closing valve 430.
  • the opening / closing valve 430 is operated so as to be released when the heat storage is used.
  • Other than the heat storage heat exchanger 4 27, urn is a heat storage expansion device 4 connected to a pipe connecting the outdoor expansion device 4 24 and the indoor expansion device 4 25.
  • the heat storage heat exchanger 4 27, which is connected via the heat storage tank 43, is installed in the heat storage tank 43 9, and water is stored inside the heat storage tank 43 9. Is filled with heat storage material such as 440
  • the m m separator 431 is composed of a straight pipe that is long in the vertical direction and has a filling material (not shown) filled inside.
  • the top of the fractionator 43 1 is connected to the reservoir 4 via a cooler 4 32.
  • the top of 43 1, the cooler 43 2 and the reservoir 43 33 are connected in a ring shape to form a closed circuit.
  • the reservoir 43 3 has its top located higher than the top of the rectifying fraction 43 1. It is arranged as follows. In addition, the cooler 43 is arranged so as to be higher than the top of the reservoir 43.
  • the pipe connecting the top of the fractionator 431 and the cooler 432 should be connected to the top opening of the fractionator 431, at the opening of the ceiling surface.
  • the pipe connecting the bottom of the reservoir 43 3 and the top of the rectifier 43 1 is connected to the top of the rectifier 43 1. Connected to an opening formed in the surface
  • the piping between the outdoor expansion device 4 24 and the indoor expansion device 4 25 is rectified through an opening / closing valve 4 34 and a sub expansion device 4 3 5. It is connected to the bottom of the separator 43 1.
  • the bottom of the fractionator 43 1 is connected to the compressor 4 2 1 via the auxiliary expansion device 4 3 6, the cooler 4 3 2, and the open / close valve 4 3 7.
  • the suction connection of a compressor 4 2 1 is connected between the compressor and the four-way valve 4 2 2. 3;
  • the cooling medium and the cooling medium at the top of the separator 431 are configured to indirectly exchange heat with each other.
  • the cooler 4 32 it is possible to use a double pipe structure.
  • the reservoir 4 3 is configured to indirectly exchange heat with each other.
  • the bottom of 3 is connected to the suction and connection of the compressor 4 21 between the compressor 4 21 and the four-way valve 42 2 via an opening / closing valve 4 38.
  • the open / close valves 428 and 4330 are closed, and the high-pressure coolant gas exiting the compressor 42 1 is connected to the four-way valve 4 2.
  • the heat is radiated to the outside air by the outdoor heat exchanger 4 23 to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the condensed and liquefied liquid coolant is reduced in pressure through the outdoor expansion device 4 24 and the indoor expansion device 4 25, and the indoor heat exchanger 4 2 6 Sent to. Sent to the indoor heat exchanger 4 26
  • the cooling medium absorbs heat from the indoor space and contributes to the cooling, and evaporates itself, passes again through the four-way valve 422, and returns to the compressor 421.
  • the open / close valves 428 and 4330 are closed, and the high-pressure coolant gas exiting the compressor 42 1 is a four-way valve 4 2.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 4 2 6 radiates heat to the indoor space and contributes to the heating, and condenses itself to expand the indoor expansion device 4 25, outdoor The pressure is reduced through the expansion device 4 2 4.
  • the depressurized refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 423, evaporates, passes again through the four-way valve 422, and passes to the compressor 421. I will return.
  • the heat storage operation mode in which heat is stored in the heat storage material 440 in the heat storage tank 439 will be described.
  • the open / close valve 428 is opened and closed
  • the open / close valve 4330 is closed
  • the outdoor expansion device 424 is open / closed.
  • the indoor expansion device 4 25 is in a closed or slightly opened state in which it is slightly opened.
  • the opening / closing is controlled in this way, the high-pressure coolant gas that has exited the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger. Almost no coolant flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427 through the opening / closing valve 428, and hardly flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427. Then, the cooling medium flowing into the heat storage heat exchanger 422 releases heat to the heat storage material 440 contained in the heat storage tank 439, and the heat is stored. Heat is stored in the heating material 440.
  • the coolant flowing out of the heat storage heat exchanger 422 is depressurized through the heat storage expansion device 429 and the outdoor expansion device 424, and the outdoor heat is reduced. It flows to exchanger 4 23.
  • the cooling medium that has absorbed heat from outside air and contributed to the cooling in the outdoor heat exchanger 42 3 evaporates by itself, passes through the four-way valve 42 2 again, and Return to the compressor 4 2 1.
  • the heat storage operation mode in which the heat is stored using the heat storage material 440 in the outdoor heat storage tank 439 to perform heating.
  • the open / close valve 428 is closed, and the open / close valve 430 is opened.
  • the outdoor expansion device 424 is in a fully closed state, and the indoor expansion device 425 is in an open state.
  • the high-pressure cooling gas that has exited the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2, and all of the cooling medium flows. Flows into the indoor heat exchanger 4 26.
  • the cooling medium that has been discharged into the room space by the indoor heat exchangers 42 and contributed to the heating is condensed by itself and expanded in the room and the heat storage expansion device.
  • the pressure is reduced through the extension device 429 and flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427.
  • the coolant flowing into the heat storage heat exchanger 422 absorbs heat from the stored heat storage material 4440 having a high temperature.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat storage heat exchanger 422 returns to the compressor 421 through the opening / closing valve 430.
  • the heat storage material 440 only absorbs heat and the outdoor heat exchange as an evaporator. It is also possible to operate a mode that uses the device 4 23 together. By using the outdoor heat exchanger 423 in this way, if the operation is performed with the opening degree of the outdoor expansion device 424 adjusted, the heating can be performed. This is effective in the case where the heat storage material of the heat storage material 440 has been reduced against the load.
  • the operation mode must be different.
  • the optimal amount of coolant is not constant, and the surplus occurs in the coolant amount in the continuous operation mode. In that case, open and close the valve.
  • Example 16 the storage of heat in the heat storage material 440 and the use of the stored heat for cooling are performed by opening and closing valves 428, 430. It can be easily realized only by the simple operation of "cut”.
  • the heat storage material must be used during heat storage operation.
  • the valve will open and close in any operation mode.
  • Open and close 4, 437 and close the open / close valve 438 With this open control, one of the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerants between the indoor expansion device 4 25 and the heat storage expansion device 4 29 is provided. Part It flows through the open / close valve 4 3 4 and the sub-expansion device 4 3 5 and flows into the bottom of the fractionator 43 1.
  • the cooling medium that has passed through the rectifying separator 431, is stored in the storage device 433. A part of the coolant flowing into the bottom of the fractionator 43 1 is reduced in pressure through the sub-expansion device 4 36 to provide a low-temperature two-phase coolant. Then, it flows into cooler 4 32. In the cooler 43, the low-temperature two-phase coolant is indirectly heat-exchanged with the coolant at the top of the rectifier 43 1.
  • the cooling medium in the reservoir 4 3 3 gradually increases and descends to the rectifying separator 4 3 1 by the head of the liquid cooling medium in the storage 4 3 3. .
  • the ascent of the inside of the vessel 43 1 is started, cooled by the cooler 43 2, liquefied, and stored in the reservoir 43 33. Then, the refrigerant returns to the top of the rectifying separator 431, and descends down the rectifying separator 431.
  • the refrigerant flowing down the rectifying separator 431 gradually becomes a refrigerant having a high boiling point, and passes through the opening / closing valve 434 and the sub-expansion device 435.
  • the two-phase cooling medium flowing into the bottom of the rectifying separator 431, which has passed through, merges with the two-phase cooling medium, and is opened to the sub-expansion device 436 and the cooler 432. Suction through the open / close valve 4 3 7 into the compressor 4 1 1 It is done.
  • the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling-point coolant, and when the load is small, the power is reduced to the corresponding capacity. Can be obtained.
  • the pressure decreases, even when the temperature of the heat storage material 440 rises during the heat storage operation and the condensing temperature rises, the high pressure is lowered. High condensing temperature can be generated while maintaining the upper limit of the pressure of the compressor 421, and the heat storage temperature can be maintained. It is possible to increase the heat storage amount D by increasing the temperature.
  • Example 16 the low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant having the lowest enthalpy peak in the cooling cycle was cooled by the cooler 43. Since it is used as a cooling source, it is possible to effectively use the latent heat of the cooling medium and not only to reduce the size of the cooling device 432, but also to rectify it. The gas at the top of the separator 43 1 can be reliably liquefied.
  • the heat storage material 440 is stored. If the temperature is low and high performance is required, close the open / close valve 434 and open / close the open / close valves 437 and 438. By controlling the opening and closing in this manner, the refrigerant stored in the reservoir 43 3 is compressed via the opening and closing valves 437 and 438 in the compressor 4. The suction is sucked in 21 and the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition. As a result, the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 can restart the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load. In the heat pump device of No.
  • the open / close valve 4 38 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the reservoir 43 3 and the compressor 4 21. Since the connection is made, the cooling medium in the storage device 4333 can be discharged in a short time, and the ability to follow the load can be improved.
  • the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 428, 4330 is simple. It is possible to switch to the heat storage mode or the heat storage use mode only by using. In addition, the excess coolant is stored by the opening and closing operation of the opening and closing valve 4 3 4, and it is possible to adjust the cooling medium to an appropriate amount in each mode. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of Example 16 can be operated with high efficiency.
  • ⁇ ⁇ that has risen in heat storage temperature has a low value only by the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 434, 437, and 438. It is possible to store heat in the dish at full pressure.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 uses only the simple operation of opening and closing the open / close valves 428 and 4330, and operates the cooling operation.
  • the cooling system of the main circuit can be changed during the time and during the heating operation. Therefore, the auto-pump device of the embodiment 16 can perform the power control with high accuracy in response to the load.
  • the compressor 421 is not particularly limited, and the performance of the compressor such as an invertor compressor is not limited. It is possible to use a variable-type compressor or a plurality of compressors, and the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431, may be introduced from a gas such as the cooling gas in the discharge pipe of the compressor.
  • the cooling source of the cooler 4 32 is connected to the suction line of the compressor 4 21. The same effect can be achieved using pipes or other cooling sources.
  • FIG. 31 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 17.
  • FIG. 32 shows a control flow chart of the heat pump device of the embodiment 17 of the present invention.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 17 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat storage temperature sensor 441 which detects the temperature of the heat storage material 44 in the heat storage tank 43, is used. It is set up.
  • the thermal storage temperature sensor 44 1 is arranged inside the typical thermal storage material 44 0, and is configured to detect the temperature of the thermal storage material 44 1. .
  • the detected temperature information is sent to the arithmetic control unit 443 and subjected to arithmetic processing.
  • the storage device 442 stores the temperature of the heat storage material 440 set in advance.
  • the operation control device 4 4 3 was detected by the heat storage material setting temperature t 0 and the heat storage temperature sensor 4 4 1 stored in the storage device 4 4 2.
  • the thermal storage material temperature of the thermal storage material 440 is compared with the thermal storage material temperature t, and the opening and closing valves 434, 437, and 438 are controlled to open and close.
  • the operation control device 443 has a function of determining the continuation time of the operation of the opening / closing valve.
  • FIG. 32 is a control flow chart showing the control operation of the heat pump device in the embodiment 17 of the present invention.
  • the compressor in the state where the temperature of the heat storage material is low will be started mainly with the operation in the heat storage mode. The case is explained as a start.
  • the open / close valve 4 3 4 is closed and the open / close valve 4 3 7, 4 3 8 Is open (STEP 1).
  • the high-pressure coolant gas exiting the compressor 42 1 passes through the four-way valve 42 2 and almost all of the coolant is cooled.
  • the medium flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 427 through the opening / closing valve 428.
  • This coolant discharges heat to the heat storage material 440 contained in the heat storage tank 439, and this heat is stored in the heat storage material 440.
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 440 is determined (S ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2).
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 44 1 is stored in the storage device 4 4
  • the temperature of the heat storage material is lower than the set temperature t 0 (t ⁇ to)
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 4 3 4 and the open / close of the open / close valve 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 No. is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 4 4 3.
  • the open / close valves 434 remain closed, and the open / close valves 437, 438 continue to operate while being opened.
  • the coolant in the main circuit is driven by a non-azeotropic mixed coolant of a charged composition. Therefore, the heat pump apparatus of Embodiment 17 can operate with a large capacity and a driving power corresponding to the heat storage load.
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 440 is determined in STEP 2 and the temperature of the heat storage material 440 detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 441 is determined. If the temperature t exceeds the storage device 4 4 2 (when the temperature of the heat storage material set in to ⁇ is exceeded (t> t 0)), that is, the heat storage material 4 4 When the temperature of 0 is high and the heat storage load S is small, the open / close signals of the open / close valves 4 3 4 and 4 3 7 and the close signal of the open / close valves 4 3 8 As a result, the open / close valves 4 3 4 and 4 3 7 are opened and the open / close valves 4 3 8 are closed. (STEP 3)
  • the condensing temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger 437 rises, and the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 also rises. Approaching the high pressure upper limit where operability of 4 2 1 is possible.
  • a part of the medium-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited the thermal expansion device 4 29 passes through the opening / closing valve 4 3 4 and the auxiliary expansion device 4 3 5 and is separated into a rectifying fraction. Flow into the bottom of 4 3 1.
  • the operation of the cooling medium thereafter is the same as the operation described in Embodiment 16. As a result, the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling coolant.
  • the main circuit is made of a high-boiling coolant as described above, the high-boiling coolant was filled because the pressure was low even at the same temperature.
  • the pressure gradually decreases as compared with non-azeotropic ⁇ ”medium. For this reason, the compressor maintains the condensing temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger 433 while maintaining the condensing temperature.
  • the discharge pressure of 42 1 drops, and it is possible to keep away from the operable high pressure upper limit and to continue the heat storage operation.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 gradually increases, and the condensing temperature also increases accordingly. Therefore, the temperature t of the heat storage material 440 can be greatly increased, and the heat storage capacity of the heat storage material 440 can be increased.
  • the low-boiling refrigerant stored in the storage device 43 in STEP 3 When stored, the main circuit can be circulated to the high boiling point coolant composition. Therefore, even when the equipment is restarted after the equipment is stopped, it is not necessary to perform the rectification separation operation again, and the heat storage operation is improved by improving the operation efficiency. It can be continued.
  • step 7 when the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 is higher than the preset upper limit temperature tma X of the heat storage material 44 (t ⁇ tmax ⁇ On the other hand, in step 7, when the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 0 is lower than the upper limit temperature tmax (t ⁇ tmax), the operation ends. Return to STEP 5 and continue the heat storage operation.
  • the temperature t of the heat storage material 44 detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 44 1 is stored in the storage device 44 2.
  • the temperature of the heat storage material is below the set temperature to (t ⁇ t O), that is, the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 is low, and the heat storage load has increased. If so, return to STEP 1.
  • the closing signal of the opening / closing valve 4 3 4 and the opening / closing signal of the opening / closing valve 4 3 7, 4 3 8 are sent from the operation control device 4 4 3, and the opening / closing signal is sent.
  • the valve 434 remains closed, and the open / close valve 437.38 is opened.
  • the low-boiling coolant stored in the reservoir 43 33 is sucked into the compressor 42 21 via the opening and closing valves 43 37 and 43 38.
  • the coolant composition of the main circuit returns to the state of high-performance filling composition.
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 can restart the operation with a large capacity corresponding to the load.
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 has an open / close valve 438 connected directly to the suction pipe of the reservoir 433 and the compressor 4221. Since the refrigerant is stored, the refrigerant in the reservoir 43 33 can be drained out in a short time, and the ability to follow the load can be improved. .
  • the heat pump device of Example 17 detects the temperature of the heat storage material 440 and increases the temperature of the heat storage material when the temperature of the heat storage material has risen.
  • the rectifying and separating operation is performed by opening and closing the open / close valves 435, 437, and 438, and the main circuit is configured to use a high-boiling-point coolant. Therefore, it is possible to store high-temperature heat while maintaining safe pressure with simple operation.
  • the sealed non-azeotropic refrigerant is operated at high efficiency. As a result, the time required for heat storage can be shortened.
  • Example 17 the time is judged in STEP 4 and if the operation of STEP 3 continues for a certain period of time, the process moves to STEP 5
  • the configured force detects the coolant composition that circulates through the main circuit in STEP 4 and when the coolant composition reaches the preset composition. The same effect can be obtained by moving to STEP 5 in that case.
  • the means for detecting the coolant composition include a method of estimating the pressure from the main circuit and the temperature.
  • the time was determined in STEP 4 of Example 17; however, in STEP 4, the refrigerant composition of the storage device 4 33 was detected, and the time was determined. If the coolant composition reaches the preset coolant composition, control may be made to proceed to STEP 5. This control is based on the fact that the total volume of the refrigerant does not change, and therefore, the refrigerant configuration that circulates through the main circuit from the refrigerant configuration of the reservoir 43 3 is used. This is because it is possible to determine whether or not the coolant composition is the set coolant composition.Even in such a configuration, the same effect as in the embodiment 17 is obtained. Is obtained. In this configuration, the means for detecting the composition of the refrigerant include a method of estimating from the pressure and temperature of the storage tank and the rectification tower, and the like. .
  • the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is detected by the heat storage temperature sensor 441, and the circulation circuit of the main circuit is detected.
  • the control is performed to switch the configuration, the same effect can be obtained by detecting and controlling the piping temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger 422, etc. It is.
  • Example 17 the compressor 421 is not particularly limited, and the performance of the compressor such as an invertor compressor is not limited. A similar effect can be obtained with a variable-type compressor or multiple compressors.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431 may be introduced from the discharge gas of the compressor or the like, or may be cooled.
  • the cooling source of 4 3 2 is the suction piping of compressor 4 2 1 and other cooling. A similar effect can be obtained using a source.
  • FIG. 33 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of Example 18;
  • Figure 34 shows the control flow chart for the heat pump device of Example 18
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 18 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 18 has a discharge pressure sensor 4 4 4 for detecting the discharge pressure of the compressor 4 2 1 and the compressor 4 2 1.
  • the discharge is arranged.
  • the lc tg and the device 445 are the preset first BX pressure P1 and the first BX pressure P1.
  • the second set pressure P2 smaller than the set pressure P1 is stored.
  • the operation control device 446 has a first set pressure P1, a second set pressure P2, and a discharge pressure which are ⁇ * L * 1 from the above-mentioned clothes 4440.
  • the discharge pressure Pd detected by the force sensor 444 is compared with the discharge pressure Pd, and the open / close valves 4 3 4 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are controlled.
  • the operation control device 446 has a function of determining the continuation time of the operation of the opening / closing valve.
  • Example 18 Regarding the configuration of the cooling cycle of the heat pump device of Example 18 described above, the heat pump of Example 16 shown in FIG. 30 described above was used. Since it is the same as the freeze cycle of the pump device, The description is omitted.
  • FIG. 34 is a control flowchart illustrating the control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 18 in the following explanation.
  • the compressor 42 1 when the compressor 42 1 is started in a state where the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is low, the operation is mainly performed in the heat storage mode. It will be explained as a sunset.
  • the opening and closing valve 4 3 4 is closed and the opening and closing valve 4 3 7 4 3 8 is open (the open / close control as shown in S ⁇ 1 1 causes the high pressure refrigerant gas exiting the compressor 4 Most of the coolant passes through the open / close valve 428 through the open / close valve 428, and the heat storage / heat exchange takes place through the open / close valve 428. After flowing into the heat storage device 427, the heat is released to the heat storage material 440 in the heat storage tank 439, and the heat is stored in the heat storage material 440.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 is determined (STEP 2).
  • Pd ⁇ P1 the temperature of the heat storage material 440 is low, and the condensing temperature in the heat storage heat exchanger 427 is low. Therefore, it is determined that the heat storage capacity is insufficient and the heat storage load is large.
  • the closing signal of the open / close valve 4 3 4 and the open / close of the open / close valve 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 No. 4 is sent from the operation control device 4, and the open / close valve 4 3 4 remains closed, and the open / close valves 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are opened and closed. Will remain
  • the open / close valve 4 3 4 is closed, and the cooler 4 32 and the reservoir 4 3 3 are open. Since it is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor 42 1 via the pipes 7 and 4 38, the fractionator 43 1, the cooler 4 3 2, and the storage are connected.
  • the inside of the reservoir 43 33 is a low-pressure gas, and there is almost no storage of coolant.
  • the cooling medium in the main circuit is driven by the mixed non-azeotropic mixed cooling medium which remains in the charged state. .
  • the heat pump is driven with a large capacity, and can operate in accordance with the heat storage load.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 4 21 is determined, and the compressor 4 2 detected by the discharge pressure sensor 4 4 2 is used. If the discharge pressure Pd of 1 is higher than the first 5 or pressure P1 stored in the BC'LB device 445 (Pd> ⁇ 1), then The temperature of the heat storage material 440 is low, and the condensation in the heat storage heat exchanger 422 is high. For this reason, it was determined that the heat storage load could be reduced, and the open / close signals of the open / close valves 4 3 4 and 437 and the open / close valves 4
  • the closing signal of 38 is sent from the operation control device 4 4 3.
  • the open / close valves 434 and 437 are opened and the open / close valve 438 is closed (STEP3) ⁇
  • the discharge pressure of 4 21 rises with the discharge pressure of compressor 4 2 1.
  • the pressure approaches the highest possible pressure for operation.
  • the refrigerant having a high boiling point has a low pressure even at the same temperature, so that the refrigerant is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant filled.
  • the pressure gradually decreases.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 421 decreases, and the operable high pressure rises. It will be lower than the limit. For this reason, the heat pump device is in a state in which the heat storage operation can be continued.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 gradually increases, and accordingly, the condensing temperature also increases, so that the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 greatly increases. It can be raised. As a result, the heat storage amount of the heat storage material 440 increases.
  • STEP 5 the time is judged in STEP 4, and if the operation of STEP 3 continues for a fixed time (TSET), the process moves to STEP 5.
  • STEP 5 since the open / close valves 4 3 4 4 3 7 and 4 3 8 are both in the closed state, the heat storage / expansion device 4 29 comes out. A part of the medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant does not flow into the rectifying separator 431, because the opening / closing valve 434 is closed. Therefore, as in the case of the rectification separation operation, the hot port through which the intermediate-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows to the suction pipe of the compressor 42 1 Power.
  • the heat pump device of Example 18 requires the rectification separation operation even when the device is restarted after the device is stopped. In addition, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency and continue the heat storage operation.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 is determined in the STEP 6.
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 43 3 is sucked into the compressor 42 1 via the opening and closing valves 43 7 and 43 38, and is then drawn into the main circuit.
  • the coolant composition returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition, and the large-capacity operation corresponding to the load can be restarted.
  • the open / close valve 4 38 is directly connected to the suction pipe of the storage device 4 33 3 and the compressor 4 21. Since the connection is continued, the coolant in the reservoir 43 33 can be made to flow out in a short period of time, and the ability to follow the load is good.
  • the heat pump apparatus of Example 18 detects the discharge pressure of the compressor 42 1 and increases the discharge pressure. At the same time, the rectifying and separating operation is performed by opening and closing the open / close valves 435, 437, and 438, and the main circuit is made of a high-boiling-point coolant. For this reason, the heat pump apparatus of Example 18 can easily store heat at d ⁇ ⁇ temperature with a safe pressure by a simple operation. In addition, when the load increases, the sealed non-azeotropic refrigerant can provide high-performance operation ififi. The heat pump device of this type can shorten the time required for heat storage.
  • the first set pressure P 1 is an average which is substantially equivalent to the set condensing temperature in the sealed cooling medium composition before the rectification separation. This is the saturation pressure
  • the second set pressure P 2 substantially corresponds to the same condensing temperature in the composition of the high-boiling-point coolant after rectification separation. It is desirable to obtain an average saturated pressure.
  • the discharge pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 44 and the main circuit is circulated. The control is performed to switch the cooling medium composition, but the same applies when detecting and controlling the condensing pressure of the heat storage heat exchanger 427. The effect appears.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431 may be introduced from a gas such as the discharge gas of a compressor, or may be cooled.
  • the cooling source of the compressor 432 has the same effect even if the suction piping of the compressor 421 or another cooling source is used.
  • FIG. 35 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 19.
  • FIG. 36 is a control flowchart of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 19.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump device of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 uses an inverter evening compressor 447, and a discharge pressure sensor for detecting the discharge pressure of the heat pump device. 448 is arranged in the discharge pipe of the invertor compressor 447. Further, in the heat pump device of the embodiment 19, the memory device 449 is the first set pressure P1 set in advance and the first set pressure P1. The second set pressure P2 smaller than the set pressure P1 is stored. The arithmetic and control unit 450 is the storage unit 449 The first set pressure P1 and the second set pressure P2 are compared with the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor -448. Operation is performed to control the opening and closing of the open / close valves 434, 437, and 438. In addition, the operation control device 450 has a function of determining the continuation time of the valve opening / closing operation.
  • control apparatus 45 1 controls the operation frequency of the inverter compressor 447. And input the discharge pressure to the receiver-evening compressor 447 so that the discharge pressure approaches the first set pressure or the second set pressure. Controls the frequency of the signal.
  • the heat pump device of Example 19 includes a cooling medium piping temperature in the substantially central portion of the cooling medium piping of the indoor heat ridge 354 26 in the longitudinal direction. Temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the temperature sensor and the temperature sensor.
  • the arithmetic control unit 450 has a temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 4553. Therefore, the coolant composition in the main circuit is detected and compared with the preset coolant composition, and the open / close valves 4 3 4, 4 3 7, 4 3 8 are opened. It also has a function to open and close.
  • the heat pump device according to the embodiment 16 shown in FIG. 30 of the HU description was used. -Since this is the same as the cooling cycle of the top pump device, its explanation is omitted.
  • FIG. 36 is a control flowchart showing a control operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 19.
  • the operation in the heat storage mode will be mainly performed, and the heat storage material 44 will be compressed at low temperatures while the temperature of the heat storage material 44 is low.
  • the case where the machine 447 is started will be described as a start.
  • the opening and closing valve 4 3 4 is closed and the opening and closing valve 4 3 7 4 38 is open (STEP 1).
  • the high-pressure coolant gas that has exited the compressor 447 passes through the four-way valve 422.
  • Most of the cooling medium flows through the opening / closing valve 428 and flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 422.
  • the cooling medium flowing into the heat storage heat exchanger 427 flows into the storage medium.
  • the heat is released to the heat storage material 44 0 contained in the heat tank 4 39, and the heat is stored in the heat storage material 4 40.
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter evening compressor 447 detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 is sent to the control device 451. It is. In the control device 451, the discharge pressure Pd is compared with the value of the first set pressure P1 preset in the storage device 449. (STEP 2). In the initial stage of the heat storage, the heat storage heat exchanger 422 has a low condensing temperature, and therefore, the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter overnight compressor 444. Is less than or equal to the first set pressure P 1 (P d ⁇ P l). In this case, a command to increase the frequency of the inno- cere compressor 447 is issued by the frequency control device 45. It is sent from one car (STEP 3-1). As a result, the rotation speed of the inverter compressor 447 is increased, the circulation amount is increased, and the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter compressor 447 is increased. Is gradually ⁇ ⁇
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter compressor 447 detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 is pL 'L, at ⁇ 2 fe 4 position 449.
  • P 1 exceeds the set pressure P 1 (P d> P 1), it indicates that the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 has risen. It is a thing.
  • a command to reduce the frequency of the in-evening compressor 447 is sent from the frequency control unit 451 (STEP 3-2). .
  • the number of revolutions of the inverter / compressor 444 is reduced, the circulation amount is reduced, and the discharge pressure of the receiver / compressor 447 is reduced. d gradually decreases.
  • the frequency of the signal input to the inverter compressor 447 is adjusted by the frequency control unit 451.
  • the discharge pressure Pd of the inverter-evening compressor 447 can be maintained almost at the first set pressure P1.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 can be safely connected without exceeding the high pressure limit of the inverter overnight compressor 447.
  • the heat storage driving power S becomes possible.
  • the frequency F of the noise reduction compressor 447 is operating at the lowest frequency F min. If the frequency of the receiver-compressor 447 is higher than the minimum frequency F min (F> F min), return to STEP 2 again. Frequency control is performed. On the other hand, the inverse evening pressure When the frequency F of the compressor 447 is less than the minimum frequency Fmin (F ⁇ Fmin), the open / close signals of the open / close valves 434 and 437 and the open / close signals The closing signal of the closing valve 438 is sent from the arithmetic and control unit 450, the opening and closing valves 434, 437 are opened and the opening and closing valve 438 is closed. Will be stopped. (STEP 5).
  • part of the intermediate-pressure two-phase coolant that has exited the thermal storage expansion device 429 is connected to the open / close valve 43 and the auxiliary expansion device 43. Through the bottom of the fractionator 431. Then, the coolant performs the same operation as that described in the above-mentioned embodiment 16, and the main circuit gradually becomes a high-boiling coolant.
  • the high-boiling refrigerant has a low pressure even at the same temperature, so that it can be used as a charged non-azeotropic refrigerant.
  • the pressure gradually decreases.
  • the condensation temperature of the storage / exchanger 427 was maintained while maintaining the condensing temperature of the heat pump apparatus of Example 19.
  • the discharge pressure of the compressor 447 decreases, and becomes lower than the upper limit of the operable pressure. For this reason, the heat pump device of Example 19 can continue the heat storage operation.
  • the discharge of the inverter compressor 447 as the heat storage operation proceeds.
  • the pressure Pd gradually rises, and the condensing temperature rises accordingly.
  • the temperature S of the heat storage material 44 can be greatly increased by the force S, and the heat storage amount increases.
  • the operation control device 450 is connected to the temperature detection value and the pressure sensor detected by the temperature sensor 452. Based on the detected pressure value detected in 1-453, the refrigerant composition C that circulates through the main circuit is detected. If the detected coolant composition C does not reach the preset coolant composition C o (coolant composition with many high-boiling-point coolants) (C ⁇ In C o), rectification separation operation is continued as in STEP 5. On the other hand, when the detected coolant composition C reaches the preset coolant composition C 0 (coolant composition having a lot of high-boiling-point coolant) (C > For Co), move to STEP 7.
  • the preset coolant composition C o coolant composition with many high-boiling-point coolants
  • the main circuit is determined based on the temperature detection value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and the detection pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 453.
  • the principle by which the circulating coolant composition C can be detected will be described with reference to FIG. 37.
  • Fig. 37 is a characteristic diagram in which the horizontal axis shows the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor 452, and the vertical axis shows the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor 453. is there .
  • the temperature detection value in the set composition The relationship between the pressure detection value and the pressure detection value is represented by a single curved line as shown by a line A.
  • FIG 37 the relationship between the temperature detection value detected by the temperature sensor 452 and the detection pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 453 is shown. If the point to be broken is at point B, the pressure at point B is higher than the pressure at line A of the configured coolant composition at the same temperature. In other words, it can be determined that the cooling medium composition of the main circuit at this time has not reached the set cooling medium composition having a high boiling point.
  • the temperature detection value and pressure detected by the temperature sensor If the point related to the detection pressure value detected by the force sensor 45 3 is at point C, the pressure at point C should be at the same temperature. Reaching the cooling medium composition that is lower than the pressure of the set cooling medium line A, that is, the cooling medium composition has a set high boiling point cooling medium You can judge that you have done it.
  • the discharge pressure of the in-compressor compressor 447 is determined.
  • the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 exceeds the second set pressure P2 stored in the storage device 449.
  • the discharge pressure P The judgment of d is performed (STEP 9).
  • STEP 9 when the discharge pressure Pd is higher than the upper limit pressure P niax stored in the storage device 449.
  • the heat storage operation is terminated.
  • Pd ⁇ Pmax return to STEP 7.
  • the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 447 is stored in the storage device 449.
  • the pressure is equal to or less than the set pressure P 2 (Pd ⁇ P 2), it is determined that the temperature of the heat storage material 44 0 is low and the heat storage load is large. If cut off, return to STEP 1, and open / close valve 4 3 4 closing signal and open / close valve 4 3 7, 4 3 8 Open / close signal power computing control device 4 It is sent from 50 cars. As a result, the open / close valves 4 3 4 are opened while the open / close valves 4 3 4 are kept closed.
  • the coolant stored in the reservoir 43 33 is suctioned to the inverter evening compressor 447 via the opening / closing valves 437 and 438.
  • the coolant composition in the main circuit returns to the state of the high-performance filling composition, and the large-capacity operation corresponding to the load can be restarted.
  • the opening / closing valve 438 is connected to the suction of the reservoir 433 and the inverter evening compressor 447. Since it is directly connected to the piping, the coolant in the reservoir 43 33 can be discharged in a short period of time, and the load following property is good. .
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 19 detects the discharge pressure of the INNO's overnight compressor 447, and the discharge pressure is increased. By controlling the frequency of the compressor so that it becomes almost constant, it is possible to exceed the upper limit pressure of the compressor 447. In this case, it is possible to easily operate without heat, and to perform safe heat storage operation.
  • the discharge pressure exceeds the preset set pressure, and the capacity of the compressor is increased.
  • the operation control device that opens and closes the opening and closing valve when the amount is the smallest is installed, so that the heat storage operation can be fully utilized by fully utilizing the performance of the device.
  • the time required for the turn can be shortened.
  • the high pressure of the refrigeration cycle can be safely reduced from the force which cannot be suppressed without exceeding the allowable pressure of the compressor. High-temperature heat storage operation can be completed, and the heat storage amount can be greatly increased D
  • Example 19 the first set pressure P 1 was set in the cooling medium composition set in the rectification separation m. It is desirable that the average saturation pressure be approximately equivalent to the temperature. Further, in the composition of the high-boiling-point coolant after the rectification separation, the second set pressure P 2 is an average saturation which is substantially equivalent to a similar condensing temperature. It is desirable to use sum pressure.
  • the discharge pressure sensor 447 detects the discharge pressure and circulates through the main circuit. Even if it detects and controls the force that controls the switching of the cooling medium composition and the condensing pressure of the storage / exchanger 42 7, it is actually possible to control it. An effect similar to that of Example 19 is obtained.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the bottom of the fractionation separator 431 may be introduced from the discharge gas of the compressor or the like, or may be cooled.
  • the cooling source of 43 2 has the same effect as that of Embodiment 19 even if the suction piping of the compressor 4 21 or other cooling sources is used.
  • R22 is a substitute for R22 as a non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant to be sealed in the heat pump apparatus of Example 19. If R407C, which is a mixture of three kinds of single refrigerants of 32, R125, and R34a, is used, a refrigerant having a low boiling point R32 , R 1 25 and R 1 34 a, which have a high boiling point, can have a large difference in boiling point. In addition, the rate of reduction in performance is also large, and optimal performance control can be performed even for large load fluctuations.
  • FIG. 38 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 20.
  • FIG. 39 is a graph showing a characteristic curve in the heat pump device of the embodiment 20.
  • the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 20 has the same function and configuration as the heat pump apparatus of the embodiment 16 described above. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
  • the heat pump device of the embodiment 20 includes a temperature sensor 45 5 for detecting the coolant temperature of the reservoir 4 33, and a reservoir 4 3 3 There is a pressure sensor 456 that detects the refrigerant pressure.
  • the operation control device 457 in the heat pump device of the embodiment 20 is the first set pressure stored in the storage device 449. P1 and the second set pressure P2 are compared with the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 448 to calculate and open and close the valve 4 3 4 437 and 438 are opened and closed. In addition, the operation control device 4
  • the operation control device 457 calculates the coolant composition of the main circuit from the coolant composition of the detected reservoir 43 3, and presets it. Open / close valves 4 3 4, 4 3 7, 4 3 8 are controlled by comparing with the coolant composition.
  • the operation of the heat pump device of the embodiment 20 is similar to that of the heat pump device of the embodiment 19 shown in FIG. 36 described above. Only the different parts of STEP 6 in the chart are different, so the different STEP 6 will be described below.
  • the temperature detection value of the cooling medium of the reservoir 43 33 detected by the temperature sensor — 45 55, The refrigerant pressure detection value of the reservoir 43 33 detected by the pressure sensor 4556 is sent to the arithmetic and control unit 457.
  • the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor 455 and the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor 456 are used based on the temperature detection value. Then, the coolant composition circulating in the main circuit is detected.
  • FIG. 39 the horizontal axis indicates the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor 45 5, and the vertical axis indicates the pressure of the pressure sensor 45 6. It is a characteristic diagram showing force detection values.
  • the total cooling water amount W of the heat pump device and the cooling water amount W h of the high-boiling-point coolant thereof are as follows. It is already known, and the amount of coolant W s stored in the storage device 43 is also determined by the capacity of the storage device 43. From this, if the coolant amount W hs of the high-boiling coolant stored in the reservoir 4 33 is known, the amount of the high-boiling coolant in the main circuit can be determined. The ratio (W he / W h), that is, the coolant composition of the main circuit can be calculated. In other words, the coolant composition with the main circuit set is reached. In order to do this, it is possible to calculate what value the coolant composition of the reservoir should be.
  • the horizontal axis shows the temperature detection value of the temperature sensor 4555
  • the vertical axis shows the pressure detection value of the pressure sensor 4556.
  • the temperature detection value detected by the temperature sensor 455 and the temperature detection value If the point determined by the pressure detection value detected by the pressure sensor 4556 is at the point E, the pressure at the point E becomes the same temperature.
  • the cooling circuit composition of the reservoir 43 which is lower than the pressure of the coolant composition line D set, that is, the low boiling point cooling medium composition of the reservoir 43, is small, and the main circuit is connected. It is determined that the circulating coolant composition has not reached the set high-boiling coolant. For this reason, the operation of rectification separation is continued as in STEP 5.
  • the heat pump device detects the discharge pressure of the ino-noise pressure compressor 447, and the discharge pressure is substantially reduced.
  • the frequency of the compressor so as to be constant, it is possible to exceed the upper limit pressure of the inverter evening compressor 447. Operation can be easily performed and safe heat storage operation can be performed.
  • the discharge pressure exceeds the preset set pressure and the capacity of the compressor.
  • the operation control device that opens and closes the valve when the amount is the smallest is installed, so it is possible to make full use of the power of the device and store heat. The time required for the turn can be shortened.
  • the high pressure of the refrigeration cycle is reduced to the allowable pressure of the compressor. It is possible to safely perform high-temperature heat storage operation while keeping the power at a low level without exceeding the power, and it is possible to significantly increase the amount of heat storage. Wear .
  • FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a rectification separator used for the heat pump apparatus of Example 21.
  • the container 52 0 of the rectifying separator is constituted by a cylindrical straight pipe which is elongated in the vertical direction.
  • the coolant flows into the rectification separator through the inlet connection pipe 521, from the main circuit of the heat pump device.
  • the inflow connection pipe 52 1 is provided at the bottom of the vessel 52 0, and mainly the gas refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase cooling medium flows through the main circuit. It flows into the container 520 through the inlet / outlet pipe 521, and rises inside the container 520.
  • the outflow connection pipe 52 2 through which the coolant flows out to the main circuit of the heat pump device is provided at the bottom of the vessel 5 20.
  • the liquid coolant that has descended from 520 flows out through the outflow connection pipe 522 into the main circuit of the heat pump apparatus.
  • the inside of the cylindrical container 520 is filled with a filler 523, and a mesh using a metal wire such as stainless steel or copper is used. It is composed of existing fabrics, and is located above the opening of the inflow connection pipe 52 1 and the outflow connection pipe 52 2.
  • a gas discharge pipe 52 4 for discharging the gas coolant at the top of the container 52 to the cooling pipe 1 is connected to the ceiling surface at the top of the container 52.
  • the open end is located inside the top.
  • the liquid return pipe 525 for returning the liquid coolant from the reservoir runs almost horizontally from the top side of the container 5200 to near the center of the container 5200. It is through.
  • the open end of the liquid return pipe 52 5 is disposed above the filler 52 3 in the container 52 and below the gas outlet pipe 52 4. Yes.
  • FIG. 41 is an enlarged view of the packing material 52 3 inserted into the interior of the vessel 52 0 of the rectifying separator in the embodiment 21 according to the present invention. This is the figure shown. As shown in FIG. 41, the packing 52 3 is a meshed fabric 52 6.
  • the fabric 52 6 is formed using a metal wire such as stainless steel or copper, and the fabric 52 26 is wound into a cylindrical shape.
  • Fig. 42 formed and inserted into the interior of the vessel 52 of the rectification separator.
  • Fig. 42 is a perspective view showing the state in which the fabric 52 6 has been wound. .
  • the fabrics 5 26 are woven into a shape having an appropriate space between the wire rods. Then, as shown in FIG. 42, in Example 21, a plurality of fabrics 52 6 are stacked and wound around one end of the fabric 52 26. As a result, the end face is spiral and the whole is formed in a columnar shape.
  • the diameter of the cross-section of the packing material 52 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder of the vessel 52 0 of the rectifying separator.
  • the packing material 52 3 is inserted into the container 52 0 of the rectifying separator while pressing the packing 5 2 3 toward the center of the container 5 20. Due to the formation in this way, the outer peripheral surface of the packing material 52 3 is a rectified fraction. Touch the inner surface of the cylinder of the separator with no gap.
  • Example 21 the diameter of the cross-section of the wire constituting the filler 523 was about 0.2 mm. Further, in a state where the packing material 52 3 is inserted into the container 52 0 of the rectifying separator, the packing material 52 3 is placed in the container 5 of the rectifying separator. It is manufactured so that the void ratio in 20 is about 90%! ⁇
  • the filling material 5 2 3 is made up of a woven material 5 26 which is made by weaving metal wires and the like as shown in FIG. 41. In Fig. 23, a regular weave is created, which can help uniform the gaps between the wires. Further, as shown in FIG. 42, the filling material 52 3 is wound from one end face to form a cylindrical shape, and inserted into the container 52 0. As a result, a uniform porosity suitable for ascending the gas coolant can be ensured. Also, by configuring the packing material 52 3 as described above, the gas-liquid contact area with the descending liquid cooling medium is increased, so that the gas Fluid contact is promoted, and separation performance is improved.
  • the diameter of the cross-section of the packing material 52 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder of the container 52 0 in the state immediately after forming. It is inserted into the container 520 while being pressed substantially in the center of the container 520. For this reason, the outer peripheral surface of the packing material 52 3 is made to have a capacity due to its own restoring force due to the formation of the packing material 52 3 from the fabric. Contact the inner surface of the cylinder of the container 52 without any gap. Therefore, the filling material 52 3 is held in the insertion position by the frictional force between the inner peripheral surface of the container 52 and the filling material 52 3. Can be obtained.
  • the fillers 5 2 3 need only be inserted into the container 5 20 at a time, and a plurality of packings for sealing a large number of conventional small-sized packings. This eliminates the need for multiple insertions, greatly reducing the time required for manufacturing and assembling.
  • a practical method for evaluating the separation performance of a packing material is based on the number of theoretical plates (NTP: umbe r sof Theo r e ti ica l P lat e).
  • NTP umbe r sof Theo r e ti ica l P lat e
  • R 407 C was used as a non-azeotropic cooling medium
  • stainless steel was used. Insert the filled material 523 with the changed cross-sectional diameter of the metal wire made of stainless steel and the porosity in the container 520 into the container 520, and evaluate the NTP. did .
  • the inner diameter of the vessel 520 was about 23 mm, and the length of the packing was about 200 mm.
  • Figure 43 is a graph showing the results of an experiment in which the separation performance of the packing material was evaluated.
  • five types of fillers with a cross-sectional diameter of 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm were used.
  • the porosity was compared among five types: 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, and 97.5%.
  • the maximum force when the cross-sectional radial force of the metal wire is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and the void ratio is 85% to 95%.
  • the NTP force is good, and the highest NTP force is obtained when the diameter of the cross section is 0.2 mm and the void ratio is 90%. It was so bad.
  • the tendency of the separation performance depending on the diameter of the cross section of the wire is as follows: when the void ratio is the same, the surface area decreases as the diameter of the cross section of the wire becomes larger. As a result, the gas-liquid contact area is reduced, and the separation performance is degraded.
  • Example 21 The coolant flowing down the rectifying separator is generally deflected toward the wall surface of the vessel 52, and therefore, the cooling medium flowing down The liquid flows to the outside, and the rising coolant gas flows to the inside, causing a phenomenon in which gas-liquid contact is not sufficient.
  • Example 21 it is configured such that the void ratio of the cylindrically shaped packing material 52 3 is reduced in the outer circumferential direction. For this reason, since the void ratio on the outer peripheral side of the filler 5 23 is small, the coolant becomes difficult to flow, and the flow of the coolant flows outward. To prevent them from moving The flow can be uniform across the cross section. Similarly, since the rising gas rises in the gap between the descending coolant and the gas, the gas-liquid contact is as good as the cross section. It can further improve the separation performance.
  • the method of manufacturing the filling material 52 3 is such that the material 52 3 6 is so thin that it is located in the outer circumferential direction in the fabric 5 26 shown in FIG. 41. After being formed with a press or the like, the fabric 52 6 is wound from one end that becomes the inner circumferential direction. It is only necessary that the surface be spiral and the whole be formed in a columnar shape. By manufacturing the packing material 523 in this way, the void ratio of the packing material 523 becomes smaller as going toward the outer circumference. Is formed.
  • the weave of the wire may be of various weaves as well as the shape shown in Fig. 41, but the gap between the wires is appropriate. The only requirement is that they be distributed, and both weaves are included in the present invention. Industrial availability
  • the operation when the load is large, the operation is performed in a state where the amount of the cooling medium is large while maintaining the charged cooling medium composition, and the load is small.
  • a low-boiling refrigerant is stored in the reservoir, and the main circuit can be operated with a high-boiling refrigerant and a small amount of refrigerant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Cette pompe à chaleur, utilisant un réfrigérant zéotrope, comporte un circuit principal servant au cycle de réfrigération relié à un circuit fermé, constitué par un dispositif de distillation de rectification, un dispositif de réfrigération et un réservoir reliés par des clapets de commutation. Ces derniers sont commandés en fonction de l'importance de la charge et la composition réfrigérante du circuit principal est adaptée, de façon pertinente, en fonction de l'état de la charge, ce qui permet d'agir sur le fonctionnement de la pompe à chaleur.
PCT/JP2000/001885 1999-04-02 2000-03-27 Pompe à chaleur WO2000060288A1 (fr)

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KR1020007013577A KR20010052480A (ko) 1999-04-02 2000-03-27 히트펌프장치
EP00911399A EP1094285A1 (fr) 1999-04-02 2000-03-27 Pompe chaleur

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JP11096305A JP2000292019A (ja) 1999-04-02 1999-04-02 ヒートポンプ装置
JP11/96305 1999-04-02
JP11163295A JP2000346477A (ja) 1999-06-10 1999-06-10 ヒートポンプ装置
JP11/163295 1999-06-10
JP11/163297 1999-06-10
JP11163294A JP2000346473A (ja) 1999-06-10 1999-06-10 ヒートポンプ装置
JP11163297A JP2000346471A (ja) 1999-06-10 1999-06-10 ヒートポンプ装置
JP11/163294 1999-06-10
JP11218632A JP2001041600A (ja) 1999-08-02 1999-08-02 蓄熱ヒートポンプ装置
JP11/218632 1999-08-02
JP11/319236 1999-11-10
JP31923699A JP2001133059A (ja) 1999-11-10 1999-11-10 ヒートポンプ装置

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WO2000060288A9 true WO2000060288A9 (fr) 2001-11-01

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WO2000060288A1 (fr) 2000-10-12
EP1094285A1 (fr) 2001-04-25
KR20010052480A (ko) 2001-06-25
CN1302365A (zh) 2001-07-04

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