WO2000050874A1 - Procede et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000050874A1
WO2000050874A1 PCT/EP2000/001054 EP0001054W WO0050874A1 WO 2000050874 A1 WO2000050874 A1 WO 2000050874A1 EP 0001054 W EP0001054 W EP 0001054W WO 0050874 A1 WO0050874 A1 WO 0050874A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
calorific value
arrangement
fuel gas
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/001054
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Schley
Manfred Jaeschke
Manfred Hoppe
Original Assignee
Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19921167A external-priority patent/DE19921167A1/de
Application filed by Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP00910660A priority Critical patent/EP1181531A1/fr
Publication of WO2000050874A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000050874A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
    • G01N33/225—Gaseous fuels, e.g. natural gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for measuring the calorific value and / or the Wobbe index of fuel gas, in particular natural gas, according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • the calorific value of natural gas must be measured for billing purposes when it is handed over from the supplier to the customer.
  • the calorific value is determined in practice by means of gas chromatographs or calorimeters. With gas meters, especially turbine meters, the volume flow is measured and the amount of energy for billing is determined.
  • the volume flow of natural gas is usually measured using diaphragm gas meters.
  • the amount of energy is determined from the volume flow and an average calorific value to be recorded separately for the supply area.
  • a direct energy measurement in the household has so far not been technically feasible.
  • the calorific value can be the molar, the mass-related or the volume-related calorific value.
  • the Wobbe index is the quotient of the volume-related calorific value and the square root of the relative density of the gas.
  • the Wobbe index is used in industry to regulate or keep the amount of energy supplied to gas appliances. A simple combustion-free measuring method for such purposes has not been available to date.
  • the known combustion-free methods for measuring the calorific value or the Wobbe index include indirect and correlative methods.
  • the gas composition is analyzed.
  • the calorific value of the fuel gas can then be determined from the composition of the gas using the calorific values for the pure substances.
  • a method for infrared absorption is known from DE-A-19650302. It is used to determine the methane number of natural gases. If the methane number is known, the undesired knocking of piston engines powered by natural gas can be avoided by taking appropriate measures.
  • the fuel gas is exposed to infrared radiation. The proportion of infrared radiation absorbed by the gas mixture is measured by means of a radiation detector and the methane number of the fuel gas is determined from this.
  • the methane number is determined by means of an optical filter which captures a section of the absorption spectrum, in which the hydrocarbons contribute to the absorption in a weighting which is approximately proportional to the methane number of the natural gas.
  • the method can be put into practice relatively simply because, on the one hand, the components of the corresponding infrared sensors are inexpensively available on the market and, on the other hand, the infrared detectors deliver a very precise measurement signal and have good practical suitability. It was not technically possible to determine the calorific value of natural gases by means of infrared absorption using the previously known methods.
  • the various natural gases can also contain nitrogen.
  • the infrared signal is very sensitive to the hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide components, but not to the nitrogen component. This leads to unacceptable measurement inaccuracies; because the nitrogen content in natural gas is subject to large fluctuations and has a major influence on the calorific value.
  • the object of the invention is accordingly to provide a method for the combustion-free measurement of the calorific value and / or the Wobbe index of a fuel gas which, on the one hand, can be easily implemented and, on the other hand, offers sufficient accuracy, in particular for control purposes and household billing.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and practical arrangement for measuring the calorific value and / or the Wobbe index.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that in addition to the infrared signal, a further characteristic input variable is required for the unambiguous determination of the calorific value or the Wobbe index of fuel gas, in particular natural gas.
  • a sensitivity test showed that the infrared absorption in connection with either the speed of sound or the density of the fuel gas represents a particularly favorable combination for determining the calorific value, because with nitrogen-containing fuel gases both the density and the speed of sound are sufficiently sensitive to the nitrogen content.
  • the speed of sound can be derived directly from the ultrasonic signal of an ultrasonic gas meter.
  • Ultrasonic gas meters are increasingly used for volume flow measurement both in large gas measurement and in the home.
  • the speed of sound can also be determined with a measuring device specially developed for this purpose.
  • a particular advantage of the speed of sound compared to the density as an input variable for calorific value determination is the much weaker dependence of the speed of sound on the gas temperature or gas pressure. At low gas pressures, e.g. B. less than 5 bar, a pressure measurement is not required when measuring the speed of sound.
  • the gas temperature can be specified as an average.
  • the density is used as an input variable, it is advantageous if, in step a), the temperature and / or the pressure of the fuel gas is additionally measured or specified as an average.
  • the absorption spectrum of the hydrocarbons can be recorded in a first measurement in step b) and the absorption spectrum of the carbon dioxide can be recorded in a second measurement.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used to measure the amount of energy.
  • the fuel gas is passed through a volume flow meter in step a) and the volume flow is measured.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is characterized for a very particularly advantageous solution to the problem, characterized in that a partial flow of the fuel gas is fed to a measuring system, that a measuring device for measuring the speed of sound and a sensor arrangement are integrated in the measuring arrangement, the sensor arrangement essentially consisting of one Radiation source for infrared radiation and a radiation detector assigned to the radiation source, and that the signals from the measuring device and the sensor arrangement are fed to an evaluation unit in which the calorific value and / or the Wobbe index are determined by means of a correlation.
  • the radiation detector can be designed as a multi-channel detector, to which various optical filters can be connected upstream for the selection measurement of individual components of the fuel gas.
  • Another arrangement for measuring the calorific value of fuel gas, in particular natural gas is characterized in that an ultrasonic counter which is gas line is integrated, has a signal output for the speed of sound and a sensor arrangement consisting of a radiation source for infrared radiation and a radiation detector assigned to the radiation source, the signal for the speed of sound and the signal of the sensor arrangement being fed to an evaluation unit in which the calorific value and / or the Wobbe index is determined.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an arrangement for measuring the amount of energy.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an arrangement for measuring the Wobbe index
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram with the representation of the signals from the measurement of the calorific value of an example 3-component fuel
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram with the signals of another measurement of an example 3-component fuel.
  • the natural gas line 1 shows a natural gas line 1, in which a volume flow meter in the form of an ultrasonic gas meter is integrated.
  • the natural gas line is a gas supply line in a private household.
  • the natural gas line 1 is practically under atmospheric pressure.
  • a sensor device 3 known from DE-A-19650302 is integrated in the ultrasonic gas meter 2.
  • This essentially consists of a radiation source (not shown) and a radiation detector assigned to the radiation source.
  • the radiation detector is assigned a plurality of optical filters (not shown) for the selective measurement of individual components of the fuel gas.
  • the ultrasonic gas meter has a signal output 4 for the speed of sound, which is connected to an evaluation electronics 5.
  • the signal from the sensor arrangement 3 is also fed to the evaluation electronics 5.
  • the calorific value is determined from the two signals with the aid of a simple correlation.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of a second exemplary embodiment for measuring the Wobbe index of a fuel gas for regulating the supply of energy to an industrial burner.
  • the natural gas line 1 is a high-pressure line which is under an overpressure of approx. 50 bar.
  • a partial flow of a measuring arrangement 8 is supplied via a branch line 6 with a pressure reduction 7.
  • the measuring arrangement 8 essentially consists of a measuring device 9 for the speed of sound and a sensor arrangement 3.
  • the measuring device for the speed of sound can also be an ultrasonic gas meter.
  • the sensor arrangement 3 has already been described in connection with FIG. 1. Both signals are fed to evaluation electronics 5, in which the calorific value and the Wobbe index are determined by means of a correlation.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 graphically show how the calorific value of a 3-component mixture of two input signals, namely infrared signal IR and speed of sound w in FIG. 3 or infrared signal IR and density p in FIG. 4 can be determined and the resulting total uncertainties for the calorific value.
  • the nitrogen content (N 2 ) is plotted on the abscissa axis and the ethane content (C 2 H 2 ) on the ordinate axis.
  • the third component, not shown, is methane (CH). The methane portion corresponds to the rest of the portion of the mixture to get 100%.
  • Lines for the calorific values H s +1%, H s +2% or H s -1% and H s -2% are drawn in parallel.
  • Lines also run through the reference point, for which the input variables IR and w in FIG. 3 or IR and p in FIG. 4 assume constant values.
  • the outer, thin lines represent the uncertainty band of the input variables.
  • the resulting uncertainty for the calorific value results from the intersection of the uncertainty bands of the input variables (hatched parallelogram in FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the uncertainty for the calorific value is about 2% in both pictures.
  • a mixture of methane, nitrogen and ethane was chosen as an example, which are the main components of natural natural gases.
  • Other components of the natural gas include. a. Carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon compounds, primarily n-alkanes.
  • the proportion of carbon dioxide in natural gas is low and is subject to only slight fluctuations, so that an average can be specified here.
  • the proportion of n-alkanes in natural gas decreases with increasing number of carbon atoms, so that they only need to be taken into account up to hexane (C 6 H 14 ) or octane (C 8 H 18 ).
  • the proportions of the n-alkanes are subject to a regular distribution and can be calculated using a suitable correlation (e.g. from the IR signal).
  • the resulting uncertainties for the calorific value shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can also approximately be transferred to natural natural gases.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de Wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel. Selon ledit procédé, (a) la vitesse du son ou la densité du gaz combustible est mesurée, (b) le gaz combustible est exposé à un rayonnement infrarouge et la partie du rayonnement infrarouge absorbée par le gaz combustible est mesurée à l'aide d'un dispositif capteur, et (c) la puissance calorifique et/ou l'indice de Wobbe sont dérivés des deux signaux de mesure. Le dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique comporte un moyen de mesure (8) vers lequel est acheminé un courant partiel du gaz combustible. Le moyen de mesure (8) comporte un appareil de mesure destiné à mesurer la vitesse du son et un dispositif capteur (3), ce dernier étant composé pour l'essentiel d'une source de rayonnement infrarouge et d'un détecteur de rayonnement associé à la source de rayonnement. Les signaux de l'appareil de mesure (9) et du dispositif capteur (3) sont envoyés à une unité d'évaluation (5) dans laquelle la puissance calorifique et/ou l'indice Wobbe sont calculés à l'aide d'une corrélation.
PCT/EP2000/001054 1999-02-24 2000-02-10 Procede et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel WO2000050874A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00910660A EP1181531A1 (fr) 1999-02-24 2000-02-10 Procede et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19908046 1999-02-24
DE19908046.1 1999-02-24
DE19921167A DE19921167A1 (de) 1999-02-24 1999-05-07 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Messung des Brennwertes und/oder des Wobbeindexes von Brenngas, insbesondere von Erdgas
DE19921167.1 1999-05-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000050874A1 true WO2000050874A1 (fr) 2000-08-31

Family

ID=26052038

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2000/001054 WO2000050874A1 (fr) 1999-02-24 2000-02-10 Procede et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1181531A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000050874A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003012435A1 (fr) 2001-07-30 2003-02-13 Dalkia France Methode de determination d'au moins une propriete energetique d'un melange combustible gazeux par mesure de proprietes physiques du melange gazeux.
EP1734347A2 (fr) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-20 Polymeters Response International Limited Appareil de mesure de la consommation et de la teneur en dioxide de carbone de gaz naturel
RU2482393C2 (ru) * 2007-05-23 2013-05-20 Нуово Пиньоне С.п.А. Способ и устройство для управления сгоранием в газовой турбине
WO2016195580A1 (fr) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-08 Scania Cv Ab Procédé et système permettant de déterminer une composition d'un mélange gazeux dans un véhicule
CN114113213A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2022-03-01 西门子股份公司 用于确定含碳氢化合物的燃料气体的总热值或净热值的测量装置

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015130219A1 (fr) 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Scania Cv Ab Procédé et système permettant de réguler les émissions d'oxyde d'azote provenant d'un moteur à combustion
SE539130C2 (sv) 2015-08-27 2017-04-11 Scania Cv Ab Förfarande och avgasbehandlingssystem för behandling av en avgasström
SE539134C2 (sv) 2015-08-27 2017-04-11 Scania Cv Ab Avgasbehandlingssystem och förfarande för behandling av en avgasström
SE539133C2 (sv) 2015-08-27 2017-04-11 Scania Cv Ab Avgasbehandlingssystem och förfarande för behandling av en avgasström
SE539131C2 (sv) 2015-08-27 2017-04-11 Scania Cv Ab Förfarande och avgasbehandlingssystem för behandling av en avgasström
SE539129C2 (en) 2015-08-27 2017-04-11 Scania Cv Ab Process and system for processing a single stream combustion exhaust stream
WO2017034470A1 (fr) 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Scania Cv Ab Procédé et système de traitement d'échappement pour traitement d'un courant de gaz d'échappement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4246773A (en) * 1978-03-31 1981-01-27 Osaka Gas Company Ltd. Combustion property of gas measuring apparatus
US4384792A (en) * 1979-07-17 1983-05-24 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for the combustionless measurement and/or control of the amount of heat fed to gas consumption devices
DE4336174A1 (de) * 1993-10-22 1995-04-27 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren zur verbrennungslosen Messung und/oder Regelung der Wärmemengenzufuhr zu Gasverbrauchseinrichtungen
DE19650302A1 (de) * 1996-12-04 1998-06-10 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Gasbeschaffenheit einer Gasmischung

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19707659A1 (de) * 1997-02-26 1998-08-27 Betr Forsch Inst Angew Forsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen verbrennungstechnischer Eigenschaften von Gasen
FR2764380B1 (fr) * 1997-06-06 1999-08-27 Gaz De France Procede et dispositif de determination en temps reel du pouvoir calorifique d'un gaz naturel par voie optique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4246773A (en) * 1978-03-31 1981-01-27 Osaka Gas Company Ltd. Combustion property of gas measuring apparatus
US4384792A (en) * 1979-07-17 1983-05-24 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for the combustionless measurement and/or control of the amount of heat fed to gas consumption devices
DE4336174A1 (de) * 1993-10-22 1995-04-27 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren zur verbrennungslosen Messung und/oder Regelung der Wärmemengenzufuhr zu Gasverbrauchseinrichtungen
DE19650302A1 (de) * 1996-12-04 1998-06-10 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Gasbeschaffenheit einer Gasmischung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP1181531A1 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003012435A1 (fr) 2001-07-30 2003-02-13 Dalkia France Methode de determination d'au moins une propriete energetique d'un melange combustible gazeux par mesure de proprietes physiques du melange gazeux.
EP1734347A2 (fr) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-20 Polymeters Response International Limited Appareil de mesure de la consommation et de la teneur en dioxide de carbone de gaz naturel
EP1734347A3 (fr) * 2005-06-15 2008-06-04 Polymeters Response International Limited Appareil de mesure de la consommation et de la teneur en dioxide de carbone de gaz naturel
RU2482393C2 (ru) * 2007-05-23 2013-05-20 Нуово Пиньоне С.п.А. Способ и устройство для управления сгоранием в газовой турбине
WO2016195580A1 (fr) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-08 Scania Cv Ab Procédé et système permettant de déterminer une composition d'un mélange gazeux dans un véhicule
CN114113213A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2022-03-01 西门子股份公司 用于确定含碳氢化合物的燃料气体的总热值或净热值的测量装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1181531A1 (fr) 2002-02-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1193488B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour determiner la nature de gaz naturel
EP0343143B1 (fr) Procédé et appareil pour mesurer le lambda et/ou le rapport air/carburant
AT397435B (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum selbsttätigen einstellen der betriebsparameter eines mit einem alkohol-benzin-gemisch gespeisten verbrennungsmotors
DE3932838C2 (de) Nichtdispersiver Infrarot-Gasanalysator
DE2811287C3 (de) Infrarot-Gasanalysator
WO2000050874A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de mesure de la puissance calorifique et/ou de l'indice de wobbe de gaz combustible, en particulier de gaz naturel
DE10302487A1 (de) Verfahren zur Echtzeit-Bestimmung einer Brenngas-Zusammensetzung
DE2928739B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur verbrennungslosen Messung und/oder Regelung der Waermemengenzufuhr zu Gasverbrauchseinrichtungen
EP3362790A1 (fr) Procédé permettant de déterminer des propriétés d'un mélange gazeux contenant des hydrocarbures et dispositif à cet effet
DE19921167A1 (de) Verfahren und Anordnung zur Messung des Brennwertes und/oder des Wobbeindexes von Brenngas, insbesondere von Erdgas
WO2000040948A1 (fr) Procede pour determiner la qualite d'un gaz
DE1945236A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Analysieren von Gasen
DE19949439C1 (de) Gasqualitätsbestimmung
WO2018177651A1 (fr) Procédé de détermination de l'indice de méthane d'un mélange de gaz combustibles contenant des hydrocarbures
DE19808213A1 (de) Verfahren zur Messung der Gasbeschaffenheit und Gasbeschaffenheitsmeßgerät
DE4121928A1 (de) Verfahren und anordnung zur indirekten massendurchflussbestimmung
DE2931647B1 (de) Einrichtung zur Bestimmung der Beeinflussung gasfoermiger Bestandteile eines Gasstroms durch Verduennung und/oder Diffusion
DE69935818T2 (de) Auspuffgasanalysevorrichtung und modales Massenanalyseverfahren durch Gasspurverfahren unter Benutzung dieser Analysevorrichtung
DE19841877A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Rußbeladung eines Verbrennungsraums
DE1648613A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Feststellung der Verbrennungsqualitaet eines Brennstoffs
DE10121641A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln der Gasbeschaffenheit eines Erdgases
EP1154258A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour la détermination sans combustion de la valeur calorifique de gaz naturel
WO2004008136A1 (fr) Determination de la nature de gaz combustibles par mesure de la conduction thermique, capacite thermique et la fraction d'oxyde de carbone
DE802104C (de) Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Bestandteilen in Gasgemischen mittels Strahlungsabsorption
CH689148A5 (de) Verfahren und Messeinrichtung zur Messung der Sauerstoffpermeabilitaet eines Prueflings.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2000910660

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2000910660

Country of ref document: EP