WO2000047232A1 - Implant a liberation prolongee, son procede de preparation et traitement du cancer - Google Patents

Implant a liberation prolongee, son procede de preparation et traitement du cancer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000047232A1
WO2000047232A1 PCT/CN1999/000018 CN9900018W WO0047232A1 WO 2000047232 A1 WO2000047232 A1 WO 2000047232A1 CN 9900018 W CN9900018 W CN 9900018W WO 0047232 A1 WO0047232 A1 WO 0047232A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
implant
silicone rubber
drug
present
antitumor
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PCT/CN1999/000018
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jianjian Xu
Shiliang Wang
Original Assignee
Jianjian Xu
Shiliang Wang
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Publication date
Application filed by Jianjian Xu, Shiliang Wang filed Critical Jianjian Xu
Priority to CNB998165123A priority Critical patent/CN1206000C/zh
Priority to AU26079/99A priority patent/AU2607999A/en
Priority to PCT/CN1999/000018 priority patent/WO2000047232A1/zh
Publication of WO2000047232A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000047232A1/zh
Priority to HK02103115.2A priority patent/HK1041227B/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A61K9/0024Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2031Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
    • A61K9/2036Silicones; Polysiloxanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an implant that can be directly implanted into a patient's lesion, and more particularly, to an implant including silicone rubber and an anti-cancer active ingredient dispersed therein, a production method thereof, and a method for treating cancer disease. method.
  • the existing tumor chemotherapy methods patients are usually treated by oral or intravenous injection.
  • the disadvantage of this method of application is the low concentration of the drug at the site of the lesion.
  • the therapeutic dose has to be increased, so that while killing or inhibiting tumor cells, it also has an effect on normal cells throughout the body.
  • the drug treatment dose is often similar to the toxic dose. Therefore, the existing chemotherapy drugs have produced great toxic side effects, such as gastrointestinal reactions, liver damage, kidney Impaired function, bone marrow suppression, hair loss, pulmonary fibrosis, etc. Physically and psychologically, it has brought great pain to the patient!
  • PCT / US96 / 00105 claims a liquid drug delivery system consisting of a low molecular weight, biodegradable water-insoluble liquid polymer or copolymer, active ingredients and / or additives.
  • This liquid composition is applied to the lesion site in liquid form and remains liquid in situ for controlled release of the active ingredient morphology.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the controlled release time of the drug is not long enough, and it is still inconvenient for some patients who require long or multiple doses.
  • PCT US95 / 03792 claims a biocompatible liquid transport composition comprising a liquid formulation of a thermoplastic polymer and a controlled release ingredient. It is used by introducing these liquid compositions into the body in liquid form and then curing them in situ, or this liquid transport composition produces a controlled release implant in vitro. However, the article still does not study the situation that requires controlled release (slow release) of drugs for up to six months or one year or more.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an antitumor slow-release implant in vivo, --Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating tumor diseases,
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned antitumor slow-release in vivo implant.
  • the present invention provides an implant for administering a lesion site to treat cancer, including
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned implant and a method for treating a tumor with the implant.
  • implants including silicone rubber and pharmaceutically active ingredients dispersed in silicone rubber contain high levels of pharmaceutically active ingredients, can be implanted in human lesions, and can be used for long periods of time Controlled release effect.
  • An implant for treating cancer includes
  • the silicone rubber polymer may be any of those medically available silicone rubber materials, which have a net-like crust, and its weight is 5-85% of the implant> preferably 10-70%, more preferably 20-60%.
  • these silicone rubbers may be high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, room temperature silicone rubber, or addition vulcanized silicone rubber.
  • the pharmaceutically active substances suitable for use in the present invention may be various, such as anti-inflammatory agents, anti-proliferative agents.
  • the medicament particularly suitable for the present invention is an antitumor substance.
  • drugs that target the DNA or protein of tumor cells, such as fluorouracil, methotrexate, etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin, cisplatin, nitrogen mustard hydrochloride, formyl sarcoma Glyphosate mustard, lomustine, antitumor mustard, onconin, mercaptopurin, sepati, methionine, thioguanine, tegafur, hexamelamine, hydroxyurea, actinomycin D, epirubicin, daunorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine sulfate, vincristine sulfate, mitoxantrone, procarbazine hydrochloride, dacarbazine, carboplatin, cyclosporin A.
  • the content of the pharmaceutically active substance of the present invention is 15-95%, preferably 30-90% such as 50-90%, 70-90%, and more preferably 40-80%.
  • These pharmaceutically active ingredients are all commercially available.
  • the active drug is dispersed in a reticular silicone rubber in an embedded manner.
  • a blocker may be added to the implant of the present invention.
  • the weight of the blocker in the implant of the present invention is 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, and more preferably 5 3 ⁇ 4 or less.
  • a blocker suitable for the present invention refers to a hydrophobic substance selected from: a. Stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate; b. Higher fatty acids or alcohols; c. Glyceryl stearate, shellac D. Its mixture. These materials are all commercially available, and stearic acid and its glycerides such as glyceryl tristearate and mixtures thereof are preferably used.
  • the implant of the present invention may further include a porogen substance.
  • porogen substances are 20% or less by weight of the implant, preferably 10% or less, and more preferably 5% or less.
  • the porogen of the present invention refers to a water-soluble low-molecular or high-molecular compound selected from: a. Salts such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride; b. Proteins or celluloses such as gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, Propyl methylcellulose; c. Polymers such as polyethylene glycol, low molecular weight polyacid, d. And mixtures thereof.
  • Salts such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride
  • Proteins or celluloses such as gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, Propyl methylcellulose
  • Polymers such as polyethylene glycol, low molecular weight polyacid, d. And mixtures thereof.
  • sodium chloride, potassium chloride, gelatin and mixtures thereof are used as porogens.
  • the implant of the present invention may also include other components that are compatible with the human body and are conventionally used in slow-release drugs.
  • the effective active ingredient release time of the implant of the present invention can be as high as 1 year, or even 2 years. It is preferably 3 days to 52 weeks, more preferably 1 week to 39 weeks, for example: 10 days to 1 month: more preferably 2 weeks to 26 weeks.
  • This long-term effective release is due to the long-term controlled release of reticulated silicone rubber due to the further polymerization of the base compound.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned implant, which comprises pre-mixing the following substances and then curing them, so that the drug components are substantially uniformly dispersed in the cured silicone rubber.
  • a blocking agent of 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, and more preferably 5 3 ⁇ 4 or less may be added to further control the release of the implanted drug.
  • specific blockers are described above.
  • 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, and more preferably 5% or less porogen can be added to accelerate the release of the implant drug.
  • porogens are as described above.
  • the base rubber is any active linear polyorganosiloxane that can form the silicone rubber, which is also referred to as silicone rubber prepolymerization, such as methyl silicone rubber, phenyl silicone rubber, Fluorocarbon-based silicone rubber and acetamyl silicone rubber.
  • the active linear polyorganosiloxane particularly useful in the present invention is preferably a hydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane or polymethylvinylsiloxane.
  • the molecular weight of the base rubber used in the present invention is usually about 10,000 to 100,000, preferably 40,000 to 80,000, and more preferably 40,000 to 60,000.
  • the active linear polyorganosiloxane with a smaller molecular weight may also be used in the present invention, such as a reactive siloxane having a molecular weight of 2000 to 10,000, 5000 to 8000, and a crosslinking agent and a catalyst to react together to form the silicone rubber.
  • a reactive siloxane having a molecular weight of 2000 to 10,000, 5000 to 8000 and a crosslinking agent and a catalyst to react together to form the silicone rubber.
  • the polyorganosiloxane having a relatively large viscosity can be diluted with a certain solvent.
  • the solvent used for this purpose may be, for example, cyclohexane, acetone, ethyl acetate and the like.
  • R Me, Et, Vi, Ph
  • the catalyst described in the present invention may be a catalyst commonly used in the polymerization of siloxane to produce silicone rubber, such as metal compounds and peroxides.
  • metal compounds are stannous octoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, 1,3-propyl Dioxane bis (ethyl acetoacetate) titanium complex, dibutyltin diheptanoate and mixtures thereof.
  • peroxides are 2,4-diperoxybenzoyl, di-tert-butyl peroxide. , Cumene peroxide and so on.
  • the premixing and curing reaction of the present invention can be performed in a wide range, such as 0-80 ° C, preferably 0-60 ° C, and room temperature at 0-40 ° C.
  • the requirements are that the premixing and curing temperature
  • the activity of the drug has no or substantially no effect.
  • the preferred method is to directly solidify the above-mentioned premix in the mold to the desired drug particles.
  • the method of the present invention further comprises, before the pre-mixing, pharmacologically active granulation and coating, and then pre-mixing with the base rubber and other materials, and then curing. This allows the drug to be dispersed in a mesh in an embedded manner --In silicone rubber.
  • the coating material used in the present invention may be a material commonly used for coating in pharmaceuticals.
  • the coating material is the base rubber, especially the coating material is the same as the subsequent pre-mixed rubber.
  • the base compound is preferably a liquid or a fluid. Therefore, for base compounds with larger molecular weight, that is, thicker, they can be mixed at higher temperatures such as 50-60 ° C.
  • the present invention also provides a method for treating a tumor disease, which comprises implanting the anti-tumor implant of the present invention in a patient's lesion.
  • the method of implanting the implant of the present invention includes surgical implantation or direct access to the lesion site by an injection device.
  • the implant of the present invention may have various shapes, such as a film shape, a granular shape, or a drug stick shape.
  • a film shape for surgical implantation, it can be in any of the above shapes; for injection implantation, it is best to be in the shape of a stick or granule.
  • the amount of medicine to be implanted in the implant of the present invention mainly depends on the size of the tumor site, the concentration of the medicine to be obtained, and the physical condition of the patient.
  • the amount of implant depends on the desired therapeutic effect and the amount of active ingredient.
  • the dosage is 1 / 5-1 / 40, preferably 1 / 10-1 / 20, of other methods such as injection.
  • the amount of active ingredient is 50-1000 mg, preferably 100-500 mg, while the dosage of the injection is 2.5-7 g per course.
  • the treatment method of the invention has the advantages that the toxic side effect of the drug is small, the effective drug concentration of the tumor site can be increased, and the action time of the drug and cancer cells is greatly prolonged, so that the total dosage is greatly reduced, and the application is convenient.
  • a coating pan On a purification workbench, in a coating pan, granulate 50 g of lomustine with 40 g of a 5% silicone rubber prepolymer (produced by Shanghai Rubber Products Research Institute, with an average volume of about 50,000). The particle size is controlled in the range of ⁇ 0.2-0.5mm, and then 200 g of a 5% silicone rubber prepolymer cyclohexane solution is divided into a coating pan to form a core with lomustine microspheres and silicone rubber as a coating.
  • the capsules were dried and cured at 50 ° C for 4 hours, and then 15g of the above-mentioned silicone rubber prepolymer, 2g of sodium chloride were added, stirred evenly, pressed into a stainless steel mold to form, left to solidify for 24 hours, and then at 40 ° C. , Dry at 0.09MPa for 4 hours, inspect and package after sterilization. Soak in 37 ° C constant temperature saline for 15 days, the drug release amount is about 81 ⁇ 92%, see Table 1.
  • a coating pan to granulate a cyclohexane solution of 50 g of fluorouracil and 40 g of 5% silicone rubber prepolymer (produced by Shanghai Rubber Products Research Institute, with an average volume of about 50,000).
  • the particle size is controlled at ⁇ 0.2-0.5mm, 200 grams of 5% silicone rubber prepolymer cyclohexane solution (produced by Shanghai Rubber Products Research Institute, averaged about 50,000) was put into a coating pot to form fluorouracil microspheres.
  • the silicone rubber is a coated capsule, dried and cured at 50 ° C for 4 hours, and then put in 15g of silicone rubber prepolymer (polydimethylsiloxane), 2g of tristearate, and mix well. , It was pressed into a stainless steel mold to be molded, left to solidify for 24 hours, and then dried at 40 ° C, 0.09 MPa for 4 hours, inspected, and sealed after sterilization. Soak in 37 C constant temperature saline for 15 days, the drug release amount is about 58 ⁇ 72 3 ⁇ 4, see Table 1.
  • the in vivo implant of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9, except that 1 g of sodium chloride was added to the formulation. Soaked in 37 ° C constant temperature saline for 15 days, the drug release amount was greater than 95%.
  • the in vivo implant of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9, except that 2 g of glyceryl tristearate was added to the formulation. Soak in 37 ° C constant temperature saline for 15 days, and the drug release amount is less than 50 3 ⁇ 4.
  • the in vivo implant of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 12, except that 0.3 g of sodium chloride was added to the formulation. Soaked in 37 ° C constant temperature saline for 15 days, the drug release amount was greater than 75%.
  • the in vivo implant of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 12, except that 0.2 g of glyceryl tristearate was added to the formulation. Soak in 37 ° C constant temperature saline for 15 days, and the drug release amount is less than 20%.
  • the following is a toxicity test of the implant of the present invention.
  • Vp-16 implant Sustained-release etoposide (Vp-16) (hereinafter referred to as Vp-16 implant) for one-time subcutaneous implantation in mice was observed for 2 weeks and 1 month and compared with injection. Intraperitoneal injection of LD 50 was 385 mg / kg, and subcutaneous implants of 5000 mg / kg did not die, and no severe poisoning occurred. --Indicates that the acute toxicity of the implant is very small, and the implant can greatly reduce the acute toxicity of Vp-16.
  • mice were implanted subcutaneously with mitomycin (hereinafter referred to as MMC implants) at one time. The observations were made at 15 days and 30 days, respectively, and compared with intravenous injections. As a result, the LD 5Q at 103 days after implantation was 103 mg ⁇ kg (95 The% confidence interval was 92 to 115 mg ⁇ kg -1 ), and LD 5 was implanted for 30 days. It is 89 mg 'kg _1 (95 3 ⁇ 4 confidence interval is 80 ⁇ 100 mg ⁇ kg 1 ). Mice are injected with LD 5 by MMC injection. 6.5 mg ⁇ kg -1 (the 95% confidence interval of LD 5.
  • MMC implants mitomycin
  • mice BALB / c mice 18-22g, female, 6 weeks old. Provided by Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  • Tumor species Human gastric adenocarcinoma xenograft (SGC-7901), provided by the nude mouse laboratory of Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  • Test object Fluorouracil (5-FU) implants in vivo are divided into 3 dose granules of 4mg, 1mg, and 0.25mg, and the raw materials are produced by Shanghai No. 12 Pharmaceutical Factory.
  • Positive control drug produced by Shanghai Twelve Pharmaceutical Factory.
  • Test method SGC-7901 tumor tissue in the vigorous growth period was cut to about 1.5 mm 3 , and inoculated subcutaneously in the right armpit of nude mice under aseptic conditions, and randomly divided into groups on the 6th day after inoculation. Fluorouracil in vivo implants were divided into large, medium and small dose groups administered on the 6th day and medium dose groups administered on the 13th day. Another excipient group was administered on the sixth day. The method of administration was to bury fluorouracil implants or excipients in the margins of subcutaneous tumor nodules in nude mice, and to bury them directly in the tumor on the 13th day.
  • the positive control 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group was administered by intraperitoneal injection twice a week for a total of four times. Tumor weight was dissected and weighed 21 days after inoculation, and the tumor production inhibition rate was calculated according to the following formula: Control group tumor weight-experimental group tumor weight
  • Test conditions SPF, temperature: 25 ⁇ 2 ° C; humidity: 50 ⁇ 10%.
  • the implant of the present invention was prepared by using mitomycin instead of fluorouracil, and the experiment was performed by the same method as the above-mentioned medicinal efficacy measurement.
  • the results show that for intravenous injection, when The dose was 2 mg / kg, and the tumor inhibition rate was 57.72%.
  • the tumor inhibition rate was as high as 71.38%.
  • the B-ultrasound showed an ascites depth of 66mm. The patient complained that the abdominal distension had been basically relieved, and the experience showed that the amount of ascites was significantly reduced.
  • the implant of the present invention has less toxic and side effects, can control the release of active ingredients of the drug for a long time, and can be effectively used for the administration of lesions to treat tumor diseases.

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Description

一种緩释植入体、 其制备方法以及治疗肿瘤的方法 发明领域
本发明涉及一种可直接植入患者病灶部位的植入体, 更具体地, 涉及一 种包括硅橡胶和分散其中的抗癌活性成分的植入体, 其生产方法, 及其治疗 癌症疾病的方法。
现有技术
现有的肿瘤化学治疗方法中, 一般采用口服或静脉注射的方式对患者进 行治疗。 这种施药方式的缺点是药物在病灶部位浓度低。 为了达到一定治疗 效果, 不得不提高其治疗剂量, 这样, 在杀死或抑制肿瘤细胞的同时, 对全 身正常细胞也产生作用 。 由于肿瘤细胞与正常细胞间缺少根本性的代谢差 异, 药物治疗剂量往往与中毒剂量相近, 因此, 现有的化疗药物都产生了极 大的毒副作用, 如胃肠道反应、肝功能损害、 肾功能损害、 骨髓抑制、脱发、 肺纤维化等。 在生理上和心理上均给患者带来了极大的痛苦!
为了提高药物在病灶部位的浓度, 从而更有效地提高药效, 人们采用局 部给药方式。 例如, PCT/US96/00105 申请了一种液体药物传输系统, 其由 低分子量、生物可降解的水不溶性液体聚合物或共聚物、活性成分和 /或添加 剂組成。 这种液体组合物以液体形式施用到病灶部位, 并在原位仍保持液体 对活性成分形态进行控释。 然而, 这种方法的缺点是药物控释的时间还不足 够长, 对于一些需要长时间或多次给药的患者来说, 使用仍然不方便。
PCT US95/03792 申请了一种可生物相容的液体传输組合物, 其包括热 塑性聚合物与控释成分的液体制剂。 其使用方法是将这些液体組合物以液体 形式引入体内, 然后在原位固化, 或者这种液体传输组合物在体外生成控释 植入体。但该文仍没有对例如需要长达半年或一年甚至更长的药物控释 (緩释) 的情况进行研究。
另外, 为了长时间在病灶部位给药, 要求在载体中含有高含量的药物活 性成分。
因此, 仍然需要一种便于使用并能长期达到緩释作用具有高活性成分含 量的植入体。
发明目的
本发明一个目的是提供一种抗肿瘤緩释体内植入体, - - 本发明另一个目的是提供一种治疗肿瘤疾病的方法,
本发明又一个目的是提供一种制备上述抗肿瘤緩释体内植入体的方法。 发明概述
本发明提供一种用于病灶部位给药来治疗癌症的植入体, 包括
(1) 5-85 %,优选 10-70 %,更优选 20-60 %的医学上可用硅橡胶聚合物;
(2) 15-95 %, 优选 30-90 %, 更优选 40-80 %的抗肿瘤活性成分; 其中所述的抗肿瘤活性成分基本上均匀分散于所述的网状硅橡胶聚合物。 本 发明还提供一种制备上述植入体的方法以及用所述植入体治疗肿瘤的方法。
下面对本发明进行详细描述。
发明详述
经过深入的研究, 本发明人发现, 包括硅橡胶和分散于硅橡胶中的药物 活性成分的植入体含有高含量药物活性成分, 可植入人体病灶部位, 并能长 时间对药物活性成分起控释作用。
一种用于治疗癌症的植入体, 以该植入体重量计, 包括
(1) 5-85 %,优选 10-70 %,更优选 20-60 %的硅橡胶聚合物及其混合物;
(2) 15-95 %, 优选 30-90 %, 更优选 40-80 %的抗肿瘤活性成分; 其中所述的抗肿瘤活性成分基本上均匀地分散于所述的网状硅橡胶聚合物。
根据本发明, 该硅橡胶聚合物, 可以是任何医学上可用的那些硅橡胶物 质, 其具有网状的结抅, 其重量为植入体的 5-85 % > 优选 10-70 %, 更优选 20-60 %。 例如, 这些硅橡胶可以是高温硫化硅橡胶、 室温^^化硅橡胶或加 成硫化硅橡胶。
适用于本发明的药物活性物质可以是多种多样的, 例如消炎剂、抗增生 剂。 特别适用于本发明的药物为抗肿瘤的物质。 这类物质系指以肿瘤细胞的 DNA或蛋白质为作用靶的药物, 例如氟尿嘧啶、 甲氨蝶呤、依托泊苷、 阿霉 素、 丝裂霉素、 顺铂、 盐酸氮芥、 甲酰溶肉瘤素 甘磷酰芥、 洛莫司汀、 消 瘤芥、瘤可宁、巯嘌呤、 塞替派、 甲氧芳芥、硫鸟嘌呤、 替加氟、 六甲密胺、 羟基脲、 放线菌素 D 、 表阿霉素、 柔红霉素、 博来霉素、 硫酸长春碱、硫酸 长春新碱、 米托蒽醌、 盐酸丙卡巴肼、 达卡巴嗪、 卡铂、 环孢菌素 A。
本发明药物活性物质的含量为 15-95 %, 优选 30-90 %如 50 - 90 %, 70 - 90 %, 更优选 40-80 %。 这些药物活性成分均可商购得到。
在本发明另一方案中, 活性药物以包埋方式分散在网状硅橡胶中。 - -
为了进一步阻止和延緩活性药物的释放, 在本发明的植入体中可以加入 阻滞剂。本发明的植入体中阻滞剂的重量为 20 %或以下,优选 10 %或以下, 更优选 5 ¾或以下。
适用于本发明的阻滞剂指疏水性物质, 其选自 : a. 硬脂酸、 硬脂酸镁、 硬脂酸钙; b. 高級脂肪酸或醇; c. 硬脂酸甘油酯、虫胶; d. 其混合物。这 些物质均可商购得到, 优选采用硬脂酸及其甘油酯如三酸脂酸甘油酯及其混 合物。
为了加速药物活性成分的释放, 本发明的植入体还可以包括致孔剂物质 可以。 这些致孔剂物质为植入体重量的 20 %或以下, 优选 10 %或以下, 更 优选 5 %或以下。
本发明的致孔剂指水溶性的低分子或高分子化合物, 其选自 : a. 盐类 如氯化钠和氯化钾; b. 蛋白质或纤维素, 如明胶, 羧甲基纤维素、 丙基甲 基纤维素; c. 聚合物, 如聚乙二醇、 低分子聚乙烯酸, d. 及其混合物。 优 选使用氯化钠、 氯化钾、 明胶及其混合物作为致孔剂。
本发明的植入体, 还可以包括其它与人体相容的常规用于緩释药物中其 它组分。
本发明的植入体的有效活性成分的释放时间可以高达 1 年、 甚至 2年。 优选为 3天 -52周, 更优选 1 周至 39周, 例如: 10天至 1 个月 : 更优选 2 周 -26 周。 这种长期有效的释放是由于基础胶料进一步聚合而生成的网状硅 橡胶长时间控制药物释放。
本发明还提供一种制备上述植入体的方法, 其包括将下列物质预混合 物, 然后固化, 从而使得所述药物成分基本上均匀分散于所固化得到的网状 硅橡胶中。
a) 5-85 ¾ , 优选 10-70 % , 更优选 20-60 %的基础胶料,
b) 15-95 % , 优选 30-90 % ' 更优选 40-80 %的抗肿瘤活性成分, c) 0.1-3 % 优选 0.2-2 %, 更优选 0.5-2 %交联剂,
d) 0.01-0.88 % 优选 0.05-0.6 %, 更优选 0.1-0.3 %催化剂。
本发明的方法, 还可以加入 20 %或以下, 优选 10 %或以下, 更优选 5 ¾或以下的阻滞剂, 进一步控制植入体药物的释放。 具体阻滞剂的实例如上 所述。 - - 本发明的方法, 还可以加入 20 %或以下, 优选 10 %或以下, 更优选 5 %或以下的致孔剂, 加速植入体药物的释放。 具体的致孔剂实例如上所述。
在本发明中, 所述基础胶料为任何可形成所述硅橡胶的活性直链聚有机 硅氧烷, 也称之为硅橡胶预聚, 例如甲基硅生胶、 苯基硅生胶、 氟烃基硅生 胶和乙浠基硅生胶。 在本发明中特别有用的活性直链聚有机硅氧烷优选为羟 基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷、 聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷。 本发明所用基础胶料的 分子量,通常为约 10000 - 100000,优选为 40000 - 80000,更优选为 40000 - 60000 。
此外, 本发明中也可采用分子量较小的活性直链聚有机硅氧烷, 如分子 量为 2000 - 10000 , 5000 一 8000的活性硅氧烷与交联剂和催化剂一起反 应生成所述的硅橡胶。 在上述反应中, 对于粘度较大的聚有机硅氧烷, 可使 用一定的溶剂加以稀释。 用于此目的的溶剂可以是例如环已烷, 丙酮, 乙酸 乙酯等。
本发明所述的交联剂可以为常用有机硅交联剂, RnSiX4_n , 其中 R 为 Me, Et, Vi, Ph; X为 OAc, OMe, OEt, ON=CMeR, OCMe=CH2, NMeOCMe, ONR2, NHR, n=0,l ,2 > 例如, 甲基三乙酰氧基硅氧烷、 甲基三丙酮肟基硅氧 烷、 甲基三甲氧基硅烷、 甲基三乙氧基硅烷、 甲基三环已胺基硅烷、 甲基 N -甲基三乙酰胺基硅烷、 甲基三 (异丙烯氧基) 硅烷、 正硅酸乙酯及其混合 物。 交联剂的用量为 0.1-3 %, 优选 0.2-2 %, 更优选 0.5-2 % 。
0.01-0.88 %, 优选 0.05-0.6 % , 更优选 0.1-0.3 %催化剂。
本发明所述的催化剂可以为硅氧烷聚合生成硅橡胶常用的催化剂, 例 如金属化合物和过氧化物, 金属化合物的实例有如辛酸亚锡、 二丁基二月桂 酸锡, 1,3 -丙基二氧撑双 (乙酰乙酸乙酯) 钛络合物, 二丁基二庚酸锡及 其混合物, 过氧化物的实例有 2, 4 -二过氧化苯甲酰,二叔丁基过氧化物, 过氧化异丙苯等。
本发明的预混合以及固化反应可以在较宽的范围内进行, 如 0-80 °C, 优选 0-60 °C, 室溫于 0-40 °C进行, 其要求是预混合和固化溫度对药物的活 性没有或基本上没有影响。
优选的方法是上述预混合物在模具直接固化成所需药物颗粒。
本发明的方法还包括在预混合前, 将药物活性成造粒, 并包膜, 再与基 础胶料及其它物质预混合, 然后固化。 这样使得药物以包埋方式分散在网状 - - 硅橡胶中。
用于本发明的包膜物质可以是在制药中常用来包膜的物质, 优选所述的 包膜物质为所述基础胶料, 特别是包膜物质与随后的预混合的胶料相同。
为了使基础胶料与药物活性成分充分预混合, 基础胶料最好为液体或流 体。因此,对于分子量较大,即稠度较大的基础胶料,可以在较高温度如 50-60 °C下混合。
本发明还提供一种治疗肿瘤疾病的方法, 其包括在患者病灶部位植入本 发明的抗肿瘤植入体。 植入本发明植入体的方法, 包括手术植入或由注射裝 置直接达到病灶部位。
本发明的植入体可以为各种形状, 如膜状、 颗粒状, 或药棒状。 对于手 术植入, 可以以上述任何形状; 对于注射植入的方法, 则最好为药棒状或颗 粒状。
本发明植入体植入药物用量, 主要取决于肿瘤部位大小, 所要得到的药 物浓度, 及患者身体状况。 植入体用量取决于所要达到治疗效果和活性组分 用量。 对于成人病灶给药, 用量为其它方式如注射用量的 1/5-1/40 , 优选 1/10-1/20 。 例如, 氟尿嘧啶植入体, 活性成分的量为 50 - 1000 mg, 优选 100 - 500mg, 而注射剂一个疗程用量为 2.5 - 7克。
本发明的治疗方法的优点在于药物的毒副作用小, 能提高肿瘤部位的有 效药物浓度, 并极大地延长了药物与癌细胞作用时间, 从而使总用量大幅度 下降, 并便于施用。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明, 但这并不意味着限制本发明的 范围。
实施例 1
在净化工作台上, 在包衣锅中, 用 40克 5 %硅橡胶预聚体 (上海橡胶 制品研究所生产, 平均分了量约 50000 ) 环已烷溶液将 50g洛莫司汀造粒, 粒径控制在 ø 0.2-0.5mm范围, 再分次 200克 5 %硅橡胶预聚体环已烷溶液 投入包衣锅中, 形成以洛莫司汀微球为内核, 硅橡胶为包膜的徽胶囊, 于 50 °C下干燥固化 4小时, 再投入 15g上述硅橡胶预聚体, 2克氯化钠, 搅拌均 匀, 压入不锈钢模具中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 再在 40 °C, 0.09MPa下干 燥 4小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量 约 81〜 92 %, 见表 1 。 实施例 2
在净化工作台上, 取 20g卡铂, lg硬脂酸和 20克硅橡胶预聚体 (聚甲 基乙烯基硅氧烷)投入不锈钢搅拌机中, 搅拌均勾, 压入不锈钢模具中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 出模, 再在 40 °C, 5〜50MPa下干燥 2小时, 检验, 灭 菌后封装。在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量约 46-53 %, 见表 1 。
实施例 3
在净化工作台上, 用包衣锅将 50g氟尿嘧啶, 40克 5 %硅橡胶预聚体 (上海橡胶制品研究所生产, 平均分了量约 50000 ) 的环已烷溶液造粒, 粒 径控制在 φ 0.2-0.5mm范围, 再分次将 200克 5 %硅橡胶预聚体环已烷溶液 (上海橡胶制品研究所生产, 平均分了量约 50000 ) 投入包衣锅中, 形成以 氟尿嘧啶微球为内核, 硅橡胶为包膜的徵胶囊, 于 50 °C下干燥固化 4小时, 再投入 15g硅橡胶预聚体 (聚二甲基硅氧烷), 2克三硬脂酸酯, 拌和均匀, 压入不锈钢模具中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 再在 40 °C , 0.09MPa下干燥 4 小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15 天, 释药量约 58〜72 ¾, 见表 1 。
实施例 4
在净化工作台上, 取 50 克氟尿嘧啶, 2g氯化钾, 38克硅橡胶预聚体 (聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷) 投入不锈钢搅拌机中, 拌和均匀, 压入不锈钢模具 中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 出模, 再在 40 °C, 5〜50MPa下干燥 2小时, 检验, 灭菌后封裝。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量约 75 - 82 ¾, 见表 1 。
实施例 5
在净化工作台上, 用包衣锅将 50g甲氨蝶呤, 2g三'硬酯酸甘油酯造粒, 粒径控制在 φ 0.2-0.5mm范围, 再分次将 100克 5 %硅橡胶预聚体环已烷溶 液投入包衣锅中, 形成以甲氨蝶呤微球为内核, 硅橡胶为包膜的徽胶囊, 于 50 °C下干燥固化 4小时, 再投入 5g硅橡胶预聚体 (羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧 烷), 拌和均匀, 压入不锈铜模具中成型, 静置固化 24 小时, 再在 40 °C, 0.09MPa下干燥 4 小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量约 80〜84 %, 见表 1 。
实施例 6
在净化工作台上,取 50g甲氨蝶呤, 10g氯化钠, lg硬脂酸和 20克医 - - 用級聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷投入不锈钢搅拌机中, 拌和均勻, 压入不锈钢模具 中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 出模, 再在 40 °C, 5〜50MPa下千燥 2小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。在 37 °C恒溫生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量约 65-74 % > 见表 1 。
实施例 7
在净化工作台上,用包衣锅将 5g丝裂霉素, 0.75g三硬酯酸甘油酯造粒, 粒径控制在 ø 0.2-0.5mm范围, 再分次将 100克 5 %硅橡胶预聚体环已烷溶 液投入包衣锅中, 形成以丝裂霉素微球为内核, 硅橡胶为包膜的微胶囊, 于 50 °C下干燥固化 4小时, 再投入 10g硅橡胶预聚体 (聚二甲基硅氧烷), 拌 和均匀, 压入不锈钢模具中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 再在 40 °C, 0.09MPa 下干燥 4小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释 药量约 80〜 86 %, 见表 1 。
实施例 8
在净化工作台上, 取 5g丝裂霉素, 0.2g氯化钠和 10克硅橡胶预聚体投 入不锈钢搅拌机中, 拌和均匀, 压入不锈钢模具中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 出模, 再在 40 °C, 5〜50MPa下干燥 2小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 °C 恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量约 85-90 % , 见表 1 。
表 1 不同实施例释药特性比较
Figure imgf000009_0001
实施例 9
在净化工作台上,将 20g氟尿嘧啶, 9 g羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷, 0.15 - - g甲基三丙基酮肟基硅烷, 0.03 g 辛酸亚锡, 30 g 环已烷放入 100烧杯中 混合, 制成膏状物。 压入模板通孔中成型, 该模板是具有许多直径为 0 。 9 通孔厚度为 4的氟塑料。 静置固化 24小时, 再在 40 °C , 0.09MPa下干燥 4 小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15 天, 释药量约 81〜91 ¾ .
实施例 10
与实施例 9相同的方式制备本发明的体内植入物, 不同的是配方中加入 有 1克氯化钠。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量大于 95 % 。
实施例 11
与实施例 9相同的方式制备本发明的体内植入物, 不同的是配方中加入 有 2克三硬脂酸甘油酯。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15 天, 释药量小于 50 ¾ 。
实施例 12
在净化工作台上, 将 100g甲氨蝶呤放入包衣锅, 用 100克 5 %硅橡胶 预聚体的环已烷溶液制成微球, 粒径控制在 ø 0.2-0.5mm范围, 再用 200克 5 ¾硅橡胶预聚体的环已烷溶液作为囊材, 然后把微球制成微胶囊, 将 10克 徵胶囊, 0.5克甲氨蝶呤, 2克硅橡胶, 10克环已烷拌和均匀,压入实施例 9的模具中成型, 静置固化 24小时, 再在 40 °C, 0.09MPa下干燥 4小时, 检验, 灭菌后封装。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量约 30〜 60 % 。
实施例 13
与实施例 12相同的方式制备本发明的体内植入物, 不同的是配方中加 入有 0.3克氯化钠。 在 37 °C恒温生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量大于 75 % 。
实施例 14
以与实施例 12 相同的方式制备本发明的体内植入物, 不同的是配方中 加入有 0.2克三硬脂酸甘油酯。 在 37 °C恒溫生理盐水中浸泡 15天, 释药量 小于 20 % 。
下面是本发明的植入体的毒性实验。
小鼠一次性皮下植入用緩释依托泊苷 (Vp-16)(以下简称 Vp-16植入剂), 观察 2周及 1个月,并与注射比较,结果: Vp-16注射剂小鼠腹腔注射的 LD50 为 385mg/kg, 而皮下植入植入剂 5000mg/kg无死亡, 亦未出现严重中毒症 - - 状, 表明植入剂急性毒性很小, 植入剂可大大降低 Vp-16的急性毒性。
小鼠一次性皮下植入植入用丝裂霉素(以下简称 MMC植入剂), 分別观 察 15 天及 30 天并与静脉注射剂比较, 结果植入 15 天的 LD5Q 为 103mg · kg (95 %可信限区间为 92〜 115mg · kg-1), 植入 30天的 LD5。 为 89mg ' kg_1(95 ¾可信限区间为 80〜 lOOmg · kg 1) . 小鼠静注 MMC注 射剂的 LD5。为 6.5mg · kg-1(LD5。的 95 %可信限区间为 5.6〜 7.6mg · kg 1) > 按 15天的 LD5o计算,植入剂的急性毒性比静注減小 15.8倍;按 30天的 LD5Q 计算, 则減小 13.7倍。
下面是本发明的植入体对人胃癌 SGC-7901裸小鼠移植瘤治疗作用 试验材料:
(1) . 动物: BALB/c棵小鼠 18-22g,雌性, 6周龄。由中国科学院上海 药物研究所提供。
(2) . 瘤种: 人胃腺癌棵小鼠移植瘤(SGC-7901) , 由中科院上海药物研究 所裸小鼠实验室提供。
(3). 测试物:氟尿嘧啶 (5 - FU )体内植入剂分 4mg 、 lmg 、 0.25mg 三种剂量颗粒, 原料药由上海十二制药厂生产。
(4). 阳性对照药物: 上海十二制药厂生产。
试验方法: 取生长旺盛期的 SGC-7901 瘤組织剪切成 1.5mm3左右, 在 无菌条件下, 接种于裸小鼠右腋窝皮下, 在接种后第 6天随机分組给药。 氟 尿嘧啶体内植入剂分第 6 天给药的大、 中、 小剂量组和第 13 天给药的中剂 量組。 另设辅料组于第六天给药。 给药方法是将氟尿嘧啶体内植入剂或辅料 埋于裸小鼠皮下瘤结边缘, 第 13 天给药的则直接埋于瘤内。 阳性对照 5-氟 尿嘧啶 (5-FU)組腹腔注射给药, 每周二次共给四次。接种 21 天后解剖称量瘤 重, 并按下列公式计算肿瘤生产抑制率: 对照組瘤重 -试验组瘤重
抑制率 = X 100 ¾
对照组瘤重
并进行 t检验。
试验条件: SPF級, 温度: 25 ± 2 °C; 湿度: 50 ± 10 %。
试验结果:
5-FU体内植入剂对人胃癌 SGC-7901裸小鼠移植瘤的治疗作用 - - 组别 剂量 给药 动 物 数 体 重 ω 瘤重 抑瘤率 P值
方式 开始 最后 开始 最后 士 SD(g) ( ¾ )
NS ― ip 16 16 24.2 26.5 2.90 ± 0.92 ―
辅料 -— 瘤周 8 8 23.5 26.1 3.01 ± 0.81 ―
5-FU 20mg/kg ip 6 6 20.5 22.3 0.70 土 0.35 75.99 < 0.01
5-FU体内植入剂 d6
4mg/kg 瘤周 6 5 20.4 21.4 0.01 ± 0.02 99.66 < 0.01 lmg/kg 瘤周 6 6 20.8 21.8 0.41 土 0.34 85.99 < 0.01
0.25mg/kg 瘤周 6 6 19.4 21.5 1.24 ± 1.34 57.17 < 0.01
5-FU体内植入剂 dl3
lmg/kg 瘤内 6 6 25.7 27.0 1.34 ± 1.24 53.79 < 0.01 用丝裂霉素, 代替氟尿嘧啶制备本发明的植入体, 以上述药物药效测量 相同方法进行实验, 结果表明, 对于静脉注射, 当剂量为 2mg/kg 抑瘤率为 57.72 %, 而对于 0.01mg/kg的本发明植入剂, 其抑瘤率高达 71.38 %。
下面是本发明的植入体的临床试验
一女性, 40 岁, 胃癌术后三年, 卵巢、 腹腔、 左側胸腔广泛转移伴不 全性肠梗阻。 患者腹胀较剧。 B超显示腹水深度 80mm 。 抽腹水 1700ml后 注入本发明的植入体, 分别含有 30mg DDP - 1215 (为本发明的顺铂植入 体)、 100mg 5 - FU - 1215 。 四日后, B超显示腹水深度 66mm 。 患者诉 腹胀已基本緩解, 体验表明腹水量明显減少。
综上所述, 本发明的植入体, 具有较小毒副作用, 并能长期控释药物活 性成分, 可有效地用于病灶给药来治疗肿瘤疾病。
以上对本发明具体实施例进行了描述, 但本发明的保护范围不限于此。 对于本领域的普通技术人员, 在阅读本说明书之后, 还可做些调整和改变, 这些均应在本发明范围内。

Claims

杈利要求书
1. 一种用于病灶部位给药来治疗癌症的植入体, 以该植入体重量计包 括:
(1) 5-85 %, 优选 10-70 %, 更优选 20-60 %的网状硅橡胶聚合物;
(2) 15-95 %, 优选 30-90 %, 更优选 40-80 %的抗肿瘤活性成分; 其中所述的抗肿瘤活性成分基本上均勾分散于所述的网状硅橡胶聚合 物。
2. 杈利要求 1的植入体, 还包括 0-20 % , 优选 0-10 %, 更优选 0-5 % 的阻滞剂。
3. 杈利要求 1的植入体, 还包括 0-20 %, 优选 0-10 %, 更优选 0-5 % 的致孔剂。
4. 杈利要求 1 - 3的植入体,其中所述网状硅橡胶由活性直链聚有机硅 氧烷生成, 该活性直链聚有机硅氧烷的分子量为约 2000 - 100000, 优选为
10000 - 80000, 更优选为 40000 - 80000, 优选选自羟基封端的聚二甲基 硅氧烷、 聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷。
5. 杈利要求 1 - 4的植入体,其中所述抗肿瘤活性药物选自 :氟尿嘧啶、 甲氨蝶呤、依托泊苷、 阿霉素、 丝裂霉素、顺铂、 盐酸氮芥、 甲酰溶肉瘤素、 甘磷酰芥、 洛莫司汀、 消瘤芥、 瘤可宁、 巯嘌呤、 塞替派、 甲氧芳芥、 硫鸟 嘌呤、 替加氟、 六甲密胺、 羟基脲、 放线菌素 D 、 表阿霉素、 柔红霉素、 博 来霉素、硫酸长春碱、硫酸长春新碱、 米托蒽醌、 盐酸丙卡巴肼、 达卡巴嗪、 卡铂、 环孢菌素 A 。
6. 杈利要求 1 - 5的植入体, 其中所述的药物以包埋的方式分散于所 述的硅橡胶中。
7. 杈利要求 1 - 6的植入体的制备方法,其包括将下列物质预混合物, 然后固化, 从而使得所述药物成分基本上均匀分散于所固化得到的网状硅橡 胶中:
a) 5-85 ¾ , 优选 10-70 %, 更优选 20-60 %的基础胶料,
b) 15-95 % , 优选 30-90 % , 更优选 40-80 %的抗肿瘤活性成分, c) 0.1-3 %, 优选 0.2-2 %, 更优选 0.5-2 %交联剂,
0.01-0.8 %, 优选 0.05-0.6 % , 更优选 0.1-0.3 %催化剂。
8. 杈利要求 7 的方法, 其中预混合前, 将药物活性成造粒, 并包膜, 再与基础胶料及其它物质预混合, 然后固化。
9. 一种治疗癌症疾病的方法, 包括在患者的病灶部位直接植入杈利要 求 1 的植入体。
10. 杈利要求 9的方法, 中活性药物用量为 50 - lOOOmg , 优选, 100 - 500mg 。
更正页(细则第 91条)
PCT/CN1999/000018 1999-02-14 1999-02-14 Implant a liberation prolongee, son procede de preparation et traitement du cancer WO2000047232A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

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CNB998165123A CN1206000C (zh) 1999-02-14 1999-02-14 一种缓释植入体及其制备方法
AU26079/99A AU2607999A (en) 1999-02-14 1999-02-14 Sustained release implant, methods for preparation thereof and for treating cancer
PCT/CN1999/000018 WO2000047232A1 (fr) 1999-02-14 1999-02-14 Implant a liberation prolongee, son procede de preparation et traitement du cancer
HK02103115.2A HK1041227B (zh) 1999-02-14 2002-04-25 一種緩釋植入體及其製備方法

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ES2401806A1 (es) * 2011-10-11 2013-04-24 Servicio Andaluz De Salud Uso de una composición que comprende un poli-organosiloxano.
US11173291B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2021-11-16 The Regents Of The University Of California Implantable drug delivery devices for localized drug delivery
US11338119B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2022-05-24 The Regents Of The University Of California Implantable drug delivery devices for localized drug delivery
US11344526B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2022-05-31 The Regents Of The University Of California Implantable drug delivery devices for localized drug delivery

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CN104586484B (zh) * 2013-10-31 2018-03-23 苏州海欧斯医疗器械有限公司 一种脊柱植入单元及其制备方法
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ES2401806A1 (es) * 2011-10-11 2013-04-24 Servicio Andaluz De Salud Uso de una composición que comprende un poli-organosiloxano.
US11173291B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2021-11-16 The Regents Of The University Of California Implantable drug delivery devices for localized drug delivery
US11338119B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2022-05-24 The Regents Of The University Of California Implantable drug delivery devices for localized drug delivery
US11344526B2 (en) 2020-03-20 2022-05-31 The Regents Of The University Of California Implantable drug delivery devices for localized drug delivery

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HK1041227B (zh) 2005-10-28
AU2607999A (en) 2000-08-29

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