WO2000038208A1 - Micromachine de commutation et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents
Micromachine de commutation et son procede de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000038208A1 WO2000038208A1 PCT/JP1999/007077 JP9907077W WO0038208A1 WO 2000038208 A1 WO2000038208 A1 WO 2000038208A1 JP 9907077 W JP9907077 W JP 9907077W WO 0038208 A1 WO0038208 A1 WO 0038208A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- beam member
- micromachine switch
- switch
- support member
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0064—Constitution or structural means for improving or controlling the physical properties of a device
- B81B3/0067—Mechanical properties
- B81B3/0072—For controlling internal stress or strain in moving or flexible elements, e.g. stress compensating layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H59/00—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays
- H01H59/0009—Electrostatic relays; Electro-adhesion relays making use of micromechanics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0118—Cantilevers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
- Y10T29/49158—Manufacturing circuit on or in base with molding of insulated base
- Y10T29/4916—Simultaneous circuit manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a micromachine switch and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a micromachine switch capable of turning on and off a wide signal frequency from DC (direct current) to gigahertz or more. It relates to the manufacturing method.
- DC direct current
- FIG. 16 shows a plan view (a) of a micromachine switch disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-173300 and a cross-sectional view (b) taken along the line DD ′.
- an anchor structure 52 made of thermosetting polyimide, a lower electrode 53 made of gold, and a signal line 54 made of gold are formed on a substrate 51 made of gallium arsenide. Is provided.
- a cantilever arm 55 made of a silicon oxide film is provided on the anchor structure 52, and the cantilever arm 55 extends to the position of the signal line 54 over the lower electrode 53. And they are opposed to each other via a spatial gap.
- an upper electrode 56 made of aluminum is formed from the anchor structure 52 to a position facing the lower electrode 53.
- a contact electrode 57 made of gold is provided below the cantilever arm 55 at a position facing the signal line 54.
- the upper electrode 56 and the contact electrode 57 are electrically insulated sufficiently to reduce the loss of the switch. This is very important. That is, if the upper electrode 56 and the contact electrode 57 are electrically short-circuited, a signal (including DC) flowing through the signal line 54 will also flow to the upper electrode 56. Further, even if the upper electrode 56 and the contact electrode 57 are not short-circuited, in a state in which the capacitance is considerably large, an AC signal flowing through the signal line 54 also flows to the upper electrode 56 and goes to the outside. Leak.
- the cantilever arm 5 5 is composed of the upper electrode 56 and the anchor Structure 52 is in contact with a large area. Further, in order to suppress the drive voltage of the switch, the cantilever arm 55 has a mechanically soft structure and can be moved by a minute voltage.
- the upper electrode 56, the cantilever arm 55, and the anchor structure 52 are formed of different materials, they have different thermal expansion coefficients.
- the arm 5 5 is easily warped due to distortion.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of silicon dioxide is about 110 times smaller than the others. Has a value. For this reason, the metal portion such as the upper electrode 56 expands due to the process temperature and the temperature change of the atmosphere after the device is completed, and the cantilever arm 55 easily warps.
- the presence of such a warp adversely affects the switch characteristics whether the substrate is directed upward or downward with respect to the substrate 51. If the warp of the cantilever arm 55 is upward, even if the lower surface of the cantilever arm 55 contacts the lower electrode 53 when a voltage is applied, the contact electrode 5 7 may not be in contact with the signal line 54. In such a case, even if the contact electrode 57 and the signal line 54 contact each other, the pressure at the contact portion is only extremely small, and such a light contact increases the contact resistance. There is.
- the contact electrode 57 and the signal line 54 are in contact with each other by applying a voltage, but the entire contact electrode 57 is planar. Instead of contacting the signal line 54 in the first place, a so-called one-side contact (contact in only a part of the area) is likely to occur. Therefore, also in this case, there is a problem that the contact resistance of the switch is increased.
- the switch fabrication process is performed at a low temperature of 250 ° C. or less, thereby suppressing the warpage due to the process temperature.
- a silicon dioxide film forming the cantilever arm 55 is manufactured by a plasma CVD (PECVD) process.
- PECVD plasma CVD
- the advantage of the PECVD oxide film is that it can be formed at a low temperature, and thus keeping the process temperature low is important in reducing the effect of a large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between different materials.
- the thickness of the cantilever arm 55 is made large in order to keep the rigidity of the cantilever arm 55 constant, there is an advantage that the width of the arm can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the size of the entire switch, and there is an advantage that many switches can be manufactured in a small area.
- the conventional example using silicon dioxide for the cantilever arm 55 has a great limitation in the thickness direction of the cantilever arm 55.
- the process temperature reduction as in the conventional example has an effect of suppressing warpage during manufacturing, it does not play any role in the warpage due to the temperature fluctuation of the use atmosphere. This warpage during use is an inevitable problem in the case where laminated films having different coefficients of thermal expansion are used for the arms.
- the switch having the conventional structure has problems in mechanical strength and durability. When the switch is driven, the largest stress occurs at the root of the cantilever arm 55 (the connection with the anchor structure 52). Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the structure of this root part in order to improve the mechanical strength of the switch.
- the cantilever arm 55 and the anchor structure 52 are formed of different materials, and furthermore, both of them form a right angle. Such a structure is not suitable for relieving the stress generated at the root.
- the present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and high-performance micromachine switch that can be mass-produced and a method for manufacturing the same. Disclosure of the invention
- one embodiment of a micromachine switch includes a first signal line provided on a substrate and an end of the first signal line provided on the substrate.
- the present invention relates to a micromachine switch for controlling conduction / non-conduction between a second signal line provided at an end thereof and a predetermined gap from a unit.
- a support member provided on the substrate in close proximity to the gap and having a predetermined height with respect to the substrate surface;
- a flexible beam member provided so as to face the gap, a contact electrode provided at least at a position of the beam member on the substrate side facing the gap, and the beam on the substrate.
- Material And a lower electrode provided to face the part.
- the beam member functions as an upper electrode by having conductivity from a connection portion with the support member to a position facing the lower electrode, and at least from the connection portion with the support member to the lower electrode.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is substantially symmetrical along the thickness direction perpendicular to the substrate surface in the region up to the vicinity of the position facing the substrate.
- an angle formed between a surface of the beam member on the substrate side and a surface of the support member to which the beam member is connected is an obtuse angle. is there.
- the support member protrudes to a position higher than a surface of the beam member opposite to the substrate at a connection portion with the beam member. I have.
- an angle formed between a surface of the beam member opposite to the substrate and a surface of the support member protruding higher than the opposite surface. Is obtuse.
- an angle formed between a surface of the beam member on the substrate side and a side surface of the support member to which the beam member is connected is an obtuse angle.
- the contact electrode is provided on a surface of the beam member on the substrate side via an insulating member.
- the beam member may include a reinforcing member provided on a surface opposite to the surface provided with the contact electrode so as to face the contact electrode.
- the contact electrode is covered with an insulator film capable of being capacitively connected to the first and second signal lines.
- the lower electrode is provided on the substrate between the support member and the gap.
- At least a part of the support member and the beam member has an integral structure made of the same conductive member.
- a region from a connection portion with the support member to at least a position facing the lower electrode is formed of a conductive member.
- an insulating member extending to a position facing the gap is provided at a tip portion of the conductive member, and the contact electrode is provided on the insulating member so as to face the gap.
- the conductive member is made of a semiconductor material.
- the beam member is formed of a semiconductor material, and extends from a portion where the contact electrode is provided to a portion facing the lower electrode.
- the region is at least insulated.
- the semiconductor material is a single-crystal semiconductor.
- the semiconductor material is an amorphous semiconductor or a polycrystalline semiconductor.
- the substrate is a glass substrate or a ceramic substrate.
- the substrate is a gallium arsenide substrate.
- the micromachine switch is used for a fired array antenna device.
- a first signal line provided on a substrate and a predetermined gap provided from an end of the first signal line provided on the substrate are provided.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a micromachine switch for controlling conduction Z non-conduction between a second signal line provided with a separated end. And forming a lower electrode on the substrate, a support member having a predetermined height, a flexible beam member provided on the support member, and a contact electrode provided on the beam member.
- the beam member is formed so as to have a substantially symmetrical thermal expansion coefficient along a thickness direction orthogonal to the substrate surface from a portion connected to the lower electrode to a position near the lower electrode.
- an angle formed between a surface of the beam member on the substrate side and a surface of the support member to which the beam member is connected is formed. At an obtuse angle.
- the beam member is protruded to a position higher than a surface on a side opposite to the substrate on which the beam member is provided. The support member is formed.
- a surface of the beam member opposite to the substrate, a surface of the support member projecting higher than the opposite surface, and The angle between the two is obtuse.
- an angle formed between a surface of the beam member on the substrate side and a side surface of the support member to which the beam member is connected is obtuse.
- the contact electrode is provided on a surface of the beam member on the substrate side via an insulating member.
- a reinforcing member is provided on a surface of the beam member opposite to a surface on which the contact electrode is provided, facing the contact electrode.
- the contact electrode is covered with an insulator film capable of being capacitively connected to the first and second signal lines.
- the lower electrode is provided on the substrate between the support member and the gap.
- At least a part of the support member and the beam member has an integral structure made of the same conductive member.
- a region from a connection portion with the support member to at least a position facing the lower electrode may be a conductive member.
- An insulating member extending to a position facing the gap is provided at a tip portion of the conductive member, and the contact electrode is provided on the insulating member facing the gap.
- the conductive member is formed from a semiconductor material.
- the beam member is formed of a semiconductor material, and the beam member is formed from a portion where the contact electrode is provided to a portion facing the lower electrode. At least the insulation area.
- a single-crystal semiconductor is used as the semiconductor material.
- an amorphous semiconductor or a polycrystalline semiconductor is used as the semiconductor material.
- a glass substrate or a ceramic substrate is used as the substrate.
- a gallium arsenide substrate is used as the substrate.
- the micromachine switch is used for a fired array antenna device.
- the present invention has a substantially symmetrical thermal expansion coefficient along the thickness direction orthogonal to the substrate surface of the beam member. For this reason, the warpage caused by the strain generated between different materials as in the conventional example is remarkably reduced.
- the easiest way to make the coefficient of thermal expansion symmetric in the thickness direction is to construct the beam member from a single material.
- a vertically symmetric laminated structure is also possible.
- the beam member in order to suppress the warpage of the beam member, in particular, near the portion where the beam member is connected to the support member, and more specifically, near the position facing the lower electrode from the connection portion with the support member. It is effective to make the coefficient of thermal expansion symmetrical as described above in the region up to. Conversely, near the tip of the beam member, warpage is small even if the coefficient of thermal expansion is not symmetrical along the thickness direction.
- the mechanical strength, durability and The speed and operation speed have also been significantly improved.
- the angle between the beam member and the support member an obtuse angle on the surface on the substrate side, it is possible to prevent the root of the beam member from being broken by stress concentration.
- the support member protrude as high as the beam member, the structure near the root of the beam member can be made nearly vertically symmetrical. This makes it possible to make the thermal expansion coefficient distribution in the vicinity of the root of the beam member including the support member symmetrical, and is effective in preventing the warpage of the beam member.
- the fact that the support member protrudes upward is also effective for improving the operation speed of the switch.
- the effect of increasing the speed at which the switch returns from the on state (down state) to the off state (up state) can be obtained.
- the stress generated at the root of the beam member is greater when the support member protrudes above the beam member.
- bound chattering a phenomenon in which the beam member vibrates up and down
- the beam member has a structure that is the most mechanically weak. Therefore, it is desirable to have a structure that prevents the beam member from being broken by contact with the substrate or the like when the switch is mounted on the substrate in the manufacturing process. Therefore, by making the support member protrude from the beam member, it is possible to suppress the contact accident of the beam member and to reduce the risk of breaking the switch.
- each of the angles is in the range of 100 to 170 °, more preferably It should be in the range of 110 ° to 150 °. By doing so, it is possible to achieve both the effect of reducing the above-described stress concentration and the effect of generating an appropriate stress to improve the operation speed.
- At least part of the support member and the beam member, including the root portion are made of the same material, so that distortion between both members can be reduced, stress can be suppressed at one point, and strength can be improved. The durability against the is improved.
- the maintenance member, the beam member, and the upper electrode are made of the same material, the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- insulator films produced at high temperatures have excellent withstand voltage characteristics, and will contribute to the electrical characteristics of devices.
- the increased freedom in the thickness direction allowed the arm width to be reduced and the size of the switch to be reduced.
- the beam member constituting the present invention has conductivity from at least a portion connected to the support member to a position facing the lower electrode, and the conductivity referred to here is a conductor such as a metal. It is not limited to things. In short, it suffices if a voltage can be applied to the position facing the lower electrode through the support member, and almost no current flows in this portion. Therefore, as a material of the beam member extending to a position facing the connection portion with the support member, a metal, a semiconductor material, or the like can be widely used. When a semiconductor material is used, the presence or absence of impurity addition and the impurity concentration can be varied in a wide range.
- the micromachine switch of the present invention can It can be applied not only to simple switch applications that are used separately, but also to phased array antennas that are required to be integrated on a large-area substrate in the order of tens of thousands.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view (a) showing a first embodiment of the present invention and a sectional view (b) taken along the line AA ′ of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the micromachine switch according to FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing process continued from FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view (a) showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the micromachine switch according to FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing step following that of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view (a) showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a phased array antenna device (the eighth embodiment of the present invention).
- FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing a detailed configuration of the phased array antenna device according to FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the phase shift circuit according to FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing the periphery of the micromachine switch according to FIG.
- Fig. 16 is a plan view (a) showing a conventional example and its D-D 'line cross-sectional view. (b). BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view (a) and a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ (b) of a first embodiment of the present invention.
- a switch body 14 made of silicon, a lower electrode 4 made of gold, and a switch made of gold are formed on a glass substrate 1 having a large dielectric constant.
- the signal line 3 is provided.
- a ground plate 2 is formed on the back surface of the substrate 1.
- the switch body 14 has an integral structure of a support member 7, a cantilever arm 8, and an upper electrode 9. From the support member 7, two cantilever arms 8 made of silicon extend substantially horizontally with respect to the substrate surface.
- the two cantilevered arms 8 can reduce the rotational movement of the arm as compared with the single arm in the conventional example, and help prevent the switch from touching one side.
- the number of cantilever arms 8 may be changed according to the conditions, and the present invention includes a structure having one and two or more cantilever arms 8.
- the angles ⁇ and 13 formed on the surface thereof are adjusted so that they are obtuse angles (90 ° ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ 180 °), respectively. But preferred. By doing so, the strength of the cantilever arm 8 can be increased, and a high-frequency switching operation of 1 MHz or more can be performed.
- An upper electrode 9 made of silicon is provided at the tip of the cantilever arm 8.
- the upper electrode 9 faces the lower electrode 4 via a spatial gap.
- the support member 7 is connected to a signal line 3 a formed on the substrate 1, and the signal line 3 a is connected via the support member 7 and the cantilever arm 8. It is electrically connected to the upper electrode 9.
- An insulating member 6 made of an insulating film such as a silicon dioxide or silicon nitride film is provided on a lower surface of the upper electrode 9 from a position facing the lower electrode 4 to a position facing the signal line 3. I have. At a position on the lower side of the insulating member 6 facing the signal line 3, a contact electrode 5 made of gold is provided.
- the insulating member 6 By providing the insulating member 6 in this manner, a short circuit between the contact electrode 5 and the upper electrode 9 and a contact between the upper electrode 9 and the lower electrode 4 during a switching operation can be prevented.
- the insulating member 6 may be at least between the contact electrode 5 and the upper electrode 9.
- the surface of the contact electrode 5 may be covered with an insulating film as far as the signal line 3 can be capacitively coupled.
- the signal line 3 may be covered with an insulating film.
- the upper electrode 9 which is thicker than the cantilever arm 8 is provided on the upper side of the insulating member 6 facing the contact electrode 5, the distance between the contact electrode 5 and the insulating member 6 is increased. The warpage due to the distortion generated in the substrate can be reduced. Therefore, the contact electrode 5 can be constantly kept parallel to the substrate 1, and an increase in contact resistance due to one contact can be suppressed.
- the signal line 3 has a gap at a position facing the contact electrode 5 as shown in FIG. Therefore, no current flows through the signal line 3 when no voltage is applied, but a current can flow through the signal line 3 when a voltage is applied and the contact electrode 5 is in contact with the signal line 3. Thus, the current or signal passing through the signal line 3 is applied by applying a voltage to the lower electrode 4. ON / OFF can be controlled.
- the insertion loss of the conventional HEMT (High-Electron Mobility Transistor) switch is 3 to 4 dB. In the switch of the present embodiment, a result of 2.5 dB was obtained.
- the upper electrode 9 is electrically connected to the conductive support member 7 via the conductive cantilever arm 8, it is possible to easily apply a voltage to the upper electrode 9. be able to.
- the upper electrode 9 may be in an electrically floating state. In that case, the signal line 3a is not necessary, and only voltage needs to be applied to the lower electrode 4 to operate the switch.
- the support member 7, the cantilever arm 8, and the upper electrode 9 can be made of a semiconductor in which impurities are partially or wholly diffused. In this case, since the current flowing between the upper electrode 9 and the lower electrode 4 during the operation of the switch is extremely small, it is not necessary to precisely control the impurity content of these semiconductors.
- the thickness of the cantilever arm 8 it is easy to control the thickness of the cantilever arm 8 to be thinner than other components.
- a soft cantilever arm 8 can be manufactured in a highly rigid component. Therefore, in the case of an element having high rigidity, the deformation when the voltage is applied is performed horizontally with respect to the substrate 1, and most of the deformation is performed by the thin cantilever arm 8. This helps to keep the switch hitting low.
- the thickness of the upper electrode 9 which is the same as that of the cantilever arm 8 can be included in the present invention. Such a structure has the advantage that the manufacturing method is simplified.
- Table 1 shows typical dimensions of the present embodiment.
- Thickness Cantilever arm 80 ⁇ m 60 m ⁇ ⁇ m Upper electrode 9 1 0 0 ⁇ m 2 0 0 ⁇ m 1 0 ⁇ m
- Contact electrode 5 7 0 ⁇ m 10 ⁇ m 1 ⁇ m
- width is the length in the vertical direction with respect to the plan view in FIG. 1 (a)
- the length is the horizontal length and thickness in the plan view in FIG. 1 (a).
- the length is the length in the vertical direction with respect to the cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 (b).
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the steps of manufacturing the micromachine switch according to FIG. The manufacturing process will be described sequentially.
- a pattern 12 made of a silicon dioxide film is formed on a silicon substrate 11 and an etching solution such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is used.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- the (111) plane is exposed on the side surface after etching due to the plane orientation dependence of the etching rate. It becomes a trapezoid.
- a new pattern 13 is formed on the substrate 1, and the pattern 13 is used as a mask to diffuse boron into an unmasked region.
- thermal diffusion is performed, for example, at 115 ° C. for about 10 hours.
- a high concentration of boron is diffused to a depth of about 10 m.
- the support member 7 and the upper electrode 9 are manufactured.
- the area corresponding to the cantilever arm 8 is After removing the pattern 13, the remaining pattern 13 is used as a mask to diffuse boron into an area without a mask.
- a switch body 14 comprising the support member 7, the cantilever arm 8 and the upper electrode 9 is completed.
- the diffusion of boron is shallow, for example, 1150. Conduct thermal diffusion for about 2 hours at C. At this time, a high concentration of boron is diffused to a depth of about 2 ⁇ m.
- an insulating member 6 made of silicon dioxide 1 ⁇ m and a nitride film 0.05 m is formed on the upper electrode 9.
- the contact electrode 5 is formed on the insulating member 6 using a gold plating.
- the substrate 11 fabricated in this manner is replaced with a glass substrate on which the lower electrode 4 made of gold and the signal lines 3 and 3 a made of gold are formed. Place on 1.
- This substrate 1 is prepared in advance in a step separate from the above-described silicon process. After that, the support member 7 is bonded on the substrate 1. At this time, electrostatic bonding technology can be used for bonding silicon and glass.
- the substrate 11 is put into an etching solution having a high selectivity for the concentration of boron, such as ethylenediamine pyrocatechol, to dissolve the portion where boron is not diffused.
- boron such as ethylenediamine pyrocatechol
- the support member 7 can be bonded to these substrates using an adhesive.
- an adhesive Alternatively, if glass is sputtered on the surface of these substrates by about 2 to 5 ⁇ m, electrostatic bonding technology can be used.
- the switch main body 14 including the cantilever arm 8 and the like is manufactured by etching the single crystal silicon substrate.
- a single crystal as a material, a structure having the most reliable mechanical characteristics can be manufactured. If it can be done, there is a ray advantage.
- the cantilever arm 8 is made of only a single crystal, warpage due to the thermal expansion coefficient does not occur as compared with a structure in which a plurality of materials are bonded as in the conventional example. That is, the change in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the cantilever arm 8 along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 1 is symmetrical between the substrate surface side and the opposite surface side, thereby suppressing the occurrence of warpage. are doing.
- the switch body 14 is not made of single-crystal silicon but made of amorphous silicon, polysilicon, or a high-resistance semiconductor material (GaAs, iron-doped InP, etc.). May be. Further, the switch body 14 may be made of metal such as gold or aluminum instead of a semiconductor.
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view (a) and a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ (b) of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a support member 7 made of silicon, a lower electrode 4 made of gold, and a signal line 3 made of gold are provided on a glass substrate 1 having a large dielectric constant. Have been. Further, a ground plate 2 is formed on the back surface of the substrate 1.
- the switch body 14 has an integral structure of a support member 7, a cantilever arm 8, and an upper electrode 9. From the support member 7, two cantilever arms 8 made of silicon extend substantially horizontally with respect to the substrate surface. The two cantilevered arms 8 can reduce the rotational movement of the arm as compared with the single arm in the conventional example, and are useful for preventing contact of the switch with one side. However, the number of the cantilever arms 8 may be changed according to the conditions, and the present invention includes one and two or more cantilever arms. A structure having 8 is included.
- the angles ⁇ and 13 formed on the surface should be adjusted so as to be obtuse angles (90 ° ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ 180 °), respectively. Is preferred. By doing so, the strength of the cantilever arm 8 can be increased, and a switching operation at a high frequency of 1 MHz or more can be performed.
- An upper electrode 9 made of silicon is provided at the tip of the cantilever arm 8.
- the upper electrode 9 faces the lower electrode 4 via a spatial gap.
- the support member 7 is connected to a signal line 3 a formed on the substrate 1, and the signal line 3 a is electrically connected to the upper electrode 9 via the support member 7 and the cantilever arm 8. ing.
- an insulating member 6 made of an insulating film such as a silicon dioxide film or a silicon nitride film extends from the lower surface of the upper electrode 9 to a position facing the signal line 3.
- a contact electrode 5 made of gold is provided at a position on the lower side of the insulating member 6 facing the signal line 3.
- the surface of the contact electrode 5 may be covered with an insulating film as far as the signal line 3 can be capacitively coupled.
- the signal line 3 may be covered with an insulating film.
- a reinforcing member 1 ° made of silicon is provided above the insulating member 6 facing the contact electrode 5. This is provided to suppress the warpage due to the strain generated between the contact electrode 5 and the insulating member 6. As described above, by providing the reinforcing member 10, the contact electrode 5 can be kept constantly in a state parallel to the substrate 1, and an increase in contact resistance due to one contact can be suppressed.
- the reinforcing member 10 is not necessarily required depending on the material and the film thickness of the insulating member 6, and a structure without such a member is also included in the present invention.
- the signal line 3 has a gap at a position facing the contact electrode 5 as shown in FIG. Therefore, no current flows through the signal line 3 when no voltage is applied, but a current can flow through the signal line 3 when a voltage is applied and the contact electrode 5 is in contact with the signal line 3.
- ON / OFF of a current or a signal passing through the signal line 3 can be controlled.
- the insertion loss of a conventional HEMT (High-Electron Mobility Transistor) switch is 3 to 4 dB.
- a result of 0.2 dB was obtained.
- the upper electrode 9 since the upper electrode 9 is electrically connected to the conductive support member 7 via the conductive cantilever arm 8, voltage can be easily applied to the upper electrode 9. .
- the upper electrode 9 may be in an electrically floating state. In that case, the signal line 3a is unnecessary, and only voltage needs to be applied to the lower electrode 4 to operate the switch.
- the support member 7, the cantilever arm 8, the upper electrode 9, and the reinforcing member 10 can be made of a semiconductor in which impurities are partially or wholly diffused. In this case, since the current flowing between the upper electrode 9 and the lower electrode 4 during the operation of the switch is extremely small, it is not necessary to precisely control the impurity content of these semiconductors.
- the thickness of the cantilever arm 8 it is easy to control the thickness of the cantilever arm 8 to be thinner than other components. By controlling the thickness of each element in this way, a soft cantilever arm 8 can be manufactured in a highly rigid component.
- the deformation when voltage is applied is performed horizontally to the substrate 1, and most of the deformation is performed by the thin cantilever arm 8. Become. This helps to keep the switch skew low.
- the thickness of the upper electrode 9 and the reinforcing member 10 may be the same as that of the cantilever arm 8, and may be included in the present invention.
- Such a structure has an advantage that the manufacturing method is simplified.
- Table 2 shows typical dimensions of the present embodiment.
- the width is the length in the vertical direction with respect to the plan view of Fig. 4 (a)
- the length is the horizontal length with respect to the plan view of Fig. 4 (a)
- the thickness is Fig. 4 (b).
- the vertical length is shown for each of the cross-sectional views of FIG.
- FIG. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views showing the steps of manufacturing the micromachine switch shown in FIG. The manufacturing process will be described sequentially.
- a bat- ane 12 made of a silicon dioxide film is formed on a silicon substrate 11 and an etching solution such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is used.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- the (111) plane is exposed on the side surface after the etching due to the plane orientation dependence of the etching speed. It becomes a trapezoid.
- a new pattern 13 is formed on the substrate 1, and the pattern 13 is used as a mask to diffuse boron into an unmasked region.
- thermal diffusion is performed at 115 ° C. for about 10 hours.
- a high concentration of boron is diffused to a depth of about 10 ⁇ m.
- the support member 7, the upper electrode 9, and the capturing member 10 are manufactured.
- the remaining pattern 13 is used as a mask to diffuse boron into the region without the mask.
- a switch body 14 comprising the support member 7, the cantilever arm 8, and the upper electrode 9 is completed.
- thermal diffusion is performed at 115 ° C for about 2 hours, for example. At this time, a high concentration of boron is diffused to a depth of about 2 ⁇ m.
- an insulating member 6 composed of 1 m of silicon dioxide and 0.05 / im of a nitride film is formed from the upper electrode 9 to the reinforcing member 10.
- the contact electrode 5 is formed on the insulating member 6 facing the reinforcing member 10 by using gold plating.
- the substrate 11 manufactured in this way is replaced with a glass substrate formed with a lower electrode 4 made of gold and signal lines 3 and 3 a made of gold. Place on 1.
- This substrate 1 is prepared in advance in a step separate from the above-described silicon process. After that, the support member 7 is bonded on the substrate 1. At this time, an adhesive bonding technique can be used to bond the silicon and the glass.
- the substrate 11 is placed in an etching solution having a high boron concentration selectivity, such as ethylenediamine pyrocatechol, to dissolve the portion where boron is not diffused.
- an etching solution having a high boron concentration selectivity such as ethylenediamine pyrocatechol
- the substrate 1 is made of ceramic or gallium arsenide. If this is the case, it is also possible to bond the support member 7 to these substrates using an adhesive. Alternatively, if glass is sputtered on the surface of these substrates for about 2 to 5 m, electrostatic bonding technology can be used.
- the switch main body 14 including the cantilever arm 7 and the like is manufactured by etching the single crystal silicon substrate.
- this embodiment has an advantage that a structure with the highest mechanical characteristics can be manufactured by using a single crystal as a material.
- the cantilever arm 8 is made of only a single crystal, warpage due to the thermal expansion coefficient does not occur as compared with a structure in which a plurality of materials are bonded as in the conventional example. That is, the change in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the cantilevered arm 8 along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 1 is symmetrical between the substrate surface side and the opposite surface side, thereby suppressing the occurrence of warpage. are doing.
- the switch body 14 and the reinforcing member 10 are not made of single-crystal silicon but are made of amorphous silicon, polysilicon, or a high-resistance semiconductor material (such as GaAs or iron). (InP etc.). Further, the switch body 14 and the reinforcing member 10 may be made of a metal such as gold or aluminum instead of a semiconductor.
- Third embodiment
- FIG. 7 shows a plan view (a) and a sectional view (b) of a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the components having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 indicate the same or equivalent components.
- the insulating member 6 b extends from the end face of the upper electrode 9. This is a point that differs greatly from the second embodiment.
- the insulating member 6b can be formed by an insulating thin film such as an oxide film or a nitride film, but can be formed by using the same semiconductor material as the upper electrode 9.
- impurities are diffused only to the support member 7, the cantilever arm 8 and the upper electrode 9 except for the insulating member 6 b using a high-resistance semiconductor material (Ga As, iron-doped InP, etc.)
- a high-resistance semiconductor material Ga As, iron-doped InP, etc.
- a method of lowering the resistance, or a method of implanting ions such as oxygen into the region of the insulating member 6b to increase the resistance can be used.
- the reinforcing member 10 is provided at a position facing the contact electrode 5, but a structure without such a member is also included in the present invention.
- the reinforcing member 10 may have either low resistance or high resistance.
- an insulating member 6a is provided below the upper electrode 9 separately from the insulating member 6b. This is to prevent a short circuit from occurring when the voltage is applied between the upper electrode 9 and the lower electrode 4 due to contact with each other. It is desirable that the thickness of the insulating member 6 a be smaller than that of the contact electrode 5.
- the insulating member 6 a may be provided on the lower surface of the upper electrode 9 as shown in FIG. 7B, or may be provided on the upper surface of the lower electrode 4. Alternatively, it may be provided on both the lower surface of the upper electrode 9 and the upper surface of the lower electrode 4.
- the insulating member 6b is located above the substrate 1 as compared with the first embodiment, so that the gap between the contact electrode 5 and the signal line 3 is increased. Can be obtained greatly. Therefore, the off-state capacitance is reduced, and the off-state leakage current can be suppressed.
- a glass substrate has been described as a specific example of the substrate 1.
- Glass substrates are cheaper than gallium arsenide substrates, and are promising materials for applications such as phased array antennas that require integration of a large number of switches.
- the structure of the present invention The present invention is not limited thereto, and is also effective for gallium arsenide, silicon, ceramics, printed substrates, and the like.
- the present invention also includes a method of forming a hole in the upper electrode 9 to reduce a squeeze effect due to air existing between the upper electrode 9 and the lower electrode 4.
- it is easy to reinforce the strength of the insulating member 6b by the upper electrode 9 and the reinforcing member 10. For this reason, even if a plurality of holes are provided inside, the rigidity of the entire movable part can be kept sufficiently high.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 indicate the same or equivalent components.
- the lower electrode 4 is provided in the gap of the signal line 3.
- the lower electrode 4 is provided at a position lower than the end of the signal line 3, so that the cantilever arm 8 is bent downward and the contact electrode 5 may come into contact with the end of the signal line 3. Also, the contact electrode 5 does not come into contact with the lower electrode 4.
- the arm can be operated with a small amount of electrostatic force, and the voltage value applied to the lower electrode 4 can be reduced.
- the voltage value applied to the lower electrode 4 can be reduced.
- it can be said that a signal flowing through the signal line 3 easily leaks to the lower electrode 4. Therefore, in such a configuration, it is preferable to use only DC and low frequency signals.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 indicate the same or equivalent components.
- the upper electrode 9 is connected to the cantilever arms 8 extending from the support members 7 and supported on both sides.
- the lower electrode 4 is provided at two places under the upper electrode 9 with the signal line 3 interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 indicate the same or equivalent components.
- the surface of the switch main body 14 is oxidized to form the cantilever arm 8 into a silicon layer 8a and a silicon oxide layer 8 sandwiching the silicon layer 8a from both sides. It has a structure similar to b. If the thicknesses of the silicon oxide layers 8b on both sides are made equal in this way, the thermal expansion coefficients of the substrate 1 side and the opposite side become symmetrical, so that the cantilever arm 8 can be used even when high-temperature processing is performed. Warpage is suppressed. Seventh embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention. 10, the same reference numerals in FIG. 10 denote the same or equivalent components. As shown in FIG. 11, this embodiment has a superlattice structure in which cantilever arms 8 are alternately stacked with thin films made of two or more materials. As in the sixth embodiment, also in this embodiment, since the thermal expansion coefficient on the substrate 1 side and the thermal expansion coefficient on the opposite side can be made symmetric, the cantilever arm 8 due to temperature change can be warped. Can be suppressed. Eighth embodiment
- the above-described micromachine switch can be widely applied to DC to high frequency signals, and is particularly effective when applied to a phased array antenna device.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a phased array antenna apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-1767367.
- the phased array antenna device has M (M is a natural number of 2 or more) antennas 23, and the antenna 23 is connected to a phase shift circuit 24.
- the phase shift circuit 24 includes a data distribution circuit 24a, M data latch circuits 24b connected to the data distribution circuit 24a, and a phase shift circuit connected to the data latch circuit 24b.
- Container 24c is a block diagram showing a phased array antenna apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-1767367.
- M is a natural number of 2 or more
- the phase shift circuit 24 includes a data distribution circuit 24a, M data latch circuits 24b connected to the data distribution circuit 24a, and a phase shift circuit connected to the data latch circuit 24b.
- Container 24c is a block diagram showing a phased array antenna apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-1767367.
- each antenna 23 is connected to an N-bit (N is a natural number) phase shifter 24 c, and each phase shifter 24 c is connected to a feeder 21 via a divider / combiner 22. ing.
- the data distribution circuit 24 a is connected to the control device 20.
- the data distribution circuit 24a and the data latch circuit 24b are realized by a thin film transistor circuit (TFT circuit) on a substrate.
- TFT circuit thin film transistor circuit
- the phase shifter 24c is provided with the above-described micromachine switch for each bit, and each data latch circuit 24b is connected to the micromachine switch of each phase shifter 24c. ing.
- the driving circuit of the phase shifter which was conventionally an external IC, is configured by a TFT circuit, and is formed on the same layer as the phase shifter 24c and the like. I have.
- the control device 20 directs the radiation beam in a desired direction based on a preset position of the antenna 23 and a frequency to be used.
- the optimum phase shift amount is calculated with N-bit accuracy, and the result is output to the data distribution circuit 24a as a control signal.
- the data distribution circuit 24a distributes a control signal to each data latch circuit 24b.
- each data latch circuit 24b rewrites the held data into a control signal as input data in synchronization with a timing signal for switching the beam direction, and performs a phase shift based on the held data (control signal).
- the drive voltage is simultaneously applied to the micromachine switches of the bits required by the device 24c.
- the micromachine switch When a drive voltage is applied to the micromachine switch, the micromachine switch closes the circuit and turns on the bit containing the micromachine switch.
- the phase shift amount of the phase shifter 24c is set depending on which bit of the phase shifter 24c is turned on.
- Each phase shifter 24 c changes the phase of the high-frequency signal by the phase shift amount set in this way, and supplies power to each antenna 23. Then, each antenna 23 radiates a phase according to the feeding phase, and the radiation forms an equiphase plane, thereby forming a radiation beam in a direction perpendicular to the isophase plane.
- FIG. 12 a detailed structure of the phased array antenna device according to FIG. 12 will be described.
- FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the phased array antenna device.
- the overall configuration is a multilayer structure. That is, a layer composed of a distribution / combination layer L1, a dielectric layer L2, a feeding slot layer L3, a dielectric layer L4, a radiating element, a phase shifter, and a TFT circuit.
- L 5, dielectric layer L 6, and parasitic element layer L 7 are tightly adhered to each other.
- Each layer is multilayered using photolithography and etching techniques, and bonding techniques.
- the parasitic element layer L7 and the phase shift circuit layer L5 are formed by applying photolithography and etching techniques to a metal film formed on each surface of the dielectric layer L6.
- the power supply slot layer L3 is formed by applying photolithography and etching techniques to a metal film formed on one surface of the dielectric layer L4.
- a plurality of parasitic elements 32 are formed in the parasitic element layer L7.
- the parasitic element 32 is used to extend the band of the antenna, and is electromagnetically coupled to the radiating element of the phase shift circuit layer L5 via the dielectric layer L6.
- a dielectric having a relative dielectric constant of about 2 to 10 is used for the dielectric layer L6.
- the use of glass can reduce the manufacturing cost, and it is desirable to use glass for at least one of the dielectric layers. If the problem of the production cost is ignored, the dielectric layer L6 may be made of a dielectric such as alumina having a high relative dielectric constant or a foam material having a low relative dielectric constant.
- phase shift circuit layer L5 part of the antenna 23 shown in FIG. 12, a phase shift circuit 24, and a strip line for feeding power to the antenna 23 are formed. Have been.
- the dielectric layer L4 is formed of a dielectric such as alumina having a relative dielectric constant of about 3 to 12.
- the power supply slot layer L3 is formed of a conductive metal, and a plurality of power supply slots 30 as power supply coupling means are formed.
- the power supply slot layer 30 is connected to the phase-shift circuit layer L5 via a through-hole appropriately provided in the dielectric layer L4, and functions as a ground for the phase-shift circuit layer L5.
- a plurality of distributing / combining units 22 are formed in the distributing / combining layer L 1.
- the distributor / synthesizer 22 is electromagnetically coupled to the phase shift circuit layer L5 via a power supply slot 30 provided in the power supply slot layer L3.
- One distributor / synthesizer 22 and one feeding slot 30 constitute one feeding unit, and each unit is arranged in a matrix. However, those not arranged in a matrix form are also included in the present invention.
- the radiating elements 32 may be arranged in a matrix shape, It may be simply arranged two-dimensionally. Alternatively, they may be arranged in one direction.
- the divider / combiner 22 and the phase shift circuit layer L 5 are electromagnetically coupled via the power supply slot layer L 3. When L 5 and L 5 are connected by another power supply coupling means such as a power supply pin, they may be formed on the same surface.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view showing one unit of the phase shift circuit layer L5.
- a radiating element 41, a group of phase shifters 40, and a data latch circuit 46 are formed on a dielectric layer L6 such as a glass substrate.
- the data latch circuit 46 is provided for each bit of the phase shifters 40a to 40d.
- the strip line 42 is arranged from the radiating element 41 via the phase shifter group 40 to a position corresponding to the power supply slot 30 shown in FIG.
- the radiating element 41 for example, a patch antenna, a printed dipole, a slot antenna, an aperture element, or the like is used.
- the strip line 42 a distributed constant line such as a microstrip line, a triple line, a coplanar line, or a slot line is used.
- the phase shifter group 40 shown in FIG. 14 constitutes a 4-bit phase shifter as a whole, that is, four phase shifters 40 a, 40 b, 40 c and It is composed of 40 d.
- Each of the phase shifters 40a to 40d can change the feeding phase by 22.5 °, 45 °, 90 °, and 180 °, respectively. It consists of a micro machine switch.
- phase shifters 40 a to 40 c are composed of two strip lines 44 connected between the strip line 42 and the ground 43 and the strip line 44. And a micromachine switch 45 connected in the middle of the process. These phase shifters constitute a load line type phase shifter. I have.
- phase shifter 40 d a micromachine switch 45 a connected in the middle of the strip line 42, a U-shaped strip line 44 a, and a It consists of a micromachine switch 45 a connected between the top line 44 a and the ground 43.
- This phase shifter constitutes a switched line type phase shifter.
- phase shifters 403 to 40 In general, when the amount of phase shift is small, the characteristics of the load line type are better, and when the amount of phase shift is large, the characteristics of the switched line type are better. For this reason, a load line type is used as the 22.5 °, 45 °, and 90 ° phase shifters, and a switched line type is used as the 180 ° phase shifter. Of course, it is also possible to use a switched line type for the phase shifters 403 to 40 (:.
- the two micromachine switches (45 or 45a) included in each of the phase shifters 40a to 40d are connected to a data latch circuit 46 arranged in the vicinity thereof, and a data latch circuit 46 Operate at the same time by the drive voltage output by the.
- the feed phase of the high-frequency signal flowing through the strip line 42 is changed by the function of the phase shifter group 40.
- a plurality of data latch circuits are collectively arranged at a single location, and wiring is extended from there to drive each micromachine switch. You may do it.
- one data latch circuit may be connected to micromachine switches of a plurality of different units.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged plan view of the periphery of the micromachine switch 45 used in the mouth-dead line type phase shifter.
- the two micromachine switches 45 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the two strip lines 44. Further, these micromachine switches 45 are connected to one data latch circuit (not shown), and a driving voltage (external voltage) is simultaneously supplied from the data latch circuit.
- a driving voltage external voltage
- the change in the thermal expansion coefficient on the substrate surface side of the beam member having a small mechanical rigidity and the change in the thermal expansion coefficient on the opposite surface side are symmetrical to each other. For this reason, the warpage caused by the strain generated between different materials as in the conventional example is remarkably reduced.
- the prototype switch we found that the variation of contact resistance caused by one-sided contact etc. became small, and it became possible to produce a large number of switches with the same characteristics.
- the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- insulator films produced at high temperatures have excellent withstand voltage characteristics, and will contribute to the electrical characteristics of devices.
- the increased freedom in the thickness direction allowed the arm width to be reduced and the size of the switch to be reduced.
- the micromachine switch of the present invention is required to be integrated not only in a simple switch application that is used individually but in an order of tens of thousands on a large-area substrate. It can be applied to fuse array antennas.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99959858A EP1150318B1 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-16 | Micromachine switch and its production method |
DE69937649T DE69937649T2 (de) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-16 | Mikromechanischer schalter und dessen herstellungsverfahren |
AU16876/00A AU1687600A (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-16 | Micromachine switch and its production method |
US09/868,575 US6566617B1 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-16 | Micromachine switch and its production method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10365677A JP2000188049A (ja) | 1998-12-22 | 1998-12-22 | マイクロマシンスイッチおよびその製造方法 |
JP10/365677 | 1998-12-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2000038208A1 true WO2000038208A1 (fr) | 2000-06-29 |
Family
ID=18484842
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1999/007077 WO2000038208A1 (fr) | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-16 | Micromachine de commutation et son procede de fabrication |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6566617B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1150318B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2000188049A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU1687600A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69937649T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000038208A1 (ja) |
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US8957485B2 (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2015-02-17 | Cavendish Kinetics, Ltd. | Fabrication of MEMS based cantilever switches by employing a split layer cantilever deposition scheme |
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JP3119255B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-12-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | マイクロマシンスイッチおよびその製造方法 |
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US20020074897A1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-20 | Qing Ma | Micro-electromechanical structure resonator frequency adjustment using radient energy trimming and laser/focused ion beam assisted deposition |
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WO2003028059A1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-03 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Mems switches and methods of making same |
JP4045090B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-06 | 2008-02-13 | オムロン株式会社 | 静電アクチュエータの調整方法 |
ATE412611T1 (de) * | 2001-11-09 | 2008-11-15 | Wispry Inc | Dreischichtige strahl-mems-einrichtung und diesbezügliche verfahren |
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US6753747B2 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2004-06-22 | Intel Corporation | Integrated microsprings for high speed switches |
US6714105B2 (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2004-03-30 | Motorola, Inc. | Micro electro-mechanical system method |
US7554136B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2009-06-30 | Advantest Corporation | Micro-switch device and method for manufacturing the same |
JP4012125B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-25 | 2007-11-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電磁波制御装置およびセンシングシステム |
US7586165B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2009-09-08 | Mears Technologies, Inc. | Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device including a superlattice |
US7388459B2 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2008-06-17 | Medtronic, Inc. | MEMs switching circuit and method for an implantable medical device |
US6825428B1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2004-11-30 | Intel Corporation | Protected switch and techniques to manufacture the same |
JP4498181B2 (ja) | 2005-03-22 | 2010-07-07 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | スイッチアレイ |
JP2008545542A (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2008-12-18 | メアーズ テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド | 超格子を有する微小電気機械システム(mems)素子、及び関連方法 |
JP5127181B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-10 | 2013-01-23 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 微小電気機械式装置の作製方法 |
KR20080001241A (ko) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Mems 스위치 및 그 제조방법 |
KR100840644B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-06-24 | 동부일렉트로닉스 주식회사 | 스위칭 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP5202236B2 (ja) | 2007-11-13 | 2013-06-05 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 微小電気機械スイッチ及びその作製方法 |
JP5874995B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-06 | 2016-03-02 | 株式会社日立ハイテクサイエンス | カンチレバーのバネ定数特定方法およびその方法を採用した走査型プローブ顕微鏡 |
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- 1999-12-16 AU AU16876/00A patent/AU1687600A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-16 US US09/868,575 patent/US6566617B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7630588B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2009-12-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | High frequency electrical signal control device and sensing system |
US7689070B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2010-03-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | High frequency electrical signal control device and sensing system |
US8957485B2 (en) | 2009-01-21 | 2015-02-17 | Cavendish Kinetics, Ltd. | Fabrication of MEMS based cantilever switches by employing a split layer cantilever deposition scheme |
CN102292279B (zh) * | 2009-01-21 | 2015-07-08 | 卡文迪什动力有限公司 | 通过采用分割层悬臂沉积方案来制造基于mems的悬臂式开关 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69937649T2 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
EP1150318A4 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
JP2000188049A (ja) | 2000-07-04 |
EP1150318A1 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
EP1150318B1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
DE69937649D1 (de) | 2008-01-10 |
US6566617B1 (en) | 2003-05-20 |
AU1687600A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
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