WO2000014032A1 - Composition emettant du gaz - Google Patents

Composition emettant du gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000014032A1
WO2000014032A1 PCT/JP1999/004875 JP9904875W WO0014032A1 WO 2000014032 A1 WO2000014032 A1 WO 2000014032A1 JP 9904875 W JP9904875 W JP 9904875W WO 0014032 A1 WO0014032 A1 WO 0014032A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
nitrate
gas generating
oxides
composition according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/004875
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yo Yamato
Original Assignee
Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. filed Critical Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Priority to KR1020007004791A priority Critical patent/KR20010031728A/ko
Priority to DE19981909T priority patent/DE19981909T1/de
Publication of WO2000014032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000014032A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas generant composition suitable as a gas generant for an airbag system mounted on an automobile, an aircraft, or the like for protecting the human body, and an inflation system using the same.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-579692 discloses a gas generating agent containing a transition metal complex of tetrazole and thiazole
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-2547997 discloses a triaminoguanidine nitrate.
  • a gas generating agent containing carbohydrazide is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-2396983, and cellulose acetate and potassium perchlorate are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-61885.
  • a gas generating agent containing a nitrogen-containing non-metallic compound a gas generating agent containing aminotetrazole and strontium nitrate is disclosed in JP-A-4-265292, and a gas generating agent containing 15 to 30% is disclosed in USP 5,125,684.
  • a gas generating agent containing a cellulosic binder such as nitrocellulose and an energy substance is disclosed.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 9-501113 discloses a gas generating agent containing aminotetrazole and copper oxide.
  • this gas generating agent is preferable in that the gas generating efficiency is very low and a large amount of the gas generating agent is required. Not good.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a gas generating composition that can lower the combustion temperature and increase the gas generation efficiency.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an inflation system using the gas generating composition.
  • the present inventors have found that by combining a compound containing at least 25% of oxygen atoms in a molecule with a metal oxide or a metal double oxide, the combustion temperature can be reduced, and the gas generation efficiency can be increased.
  • the present invention was completed.
  • the present invention comprises, as a fuel, at least one selected from compounds containing at least 25% of oxygen atoms in the molecule, and further, as an oxidizing agent, at least one selected from metal oxides and metal double oxides.
  • a gas generant composition is provided.
  • the present invention also provides an inflation system using the above gas generating composition.
  • the content ratio of the oxygen atom is determined by the following formula: (0 number in the molecule X 16).
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention can reduce the combustion temperature by combining a compound containing at least 25% of oxygen atoms in the molecule with a metal oxide or a metal double oxide, and can further improve the gas generation efficiency. Can be enhanced. As a result, the possibility that the combustion gas may damage the airbag or burn the occupant can be reduced, and the inflation rate can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of an inflation system to which the gas generating composition of the present invention is applied.
  • the fuel used in the present invention is at least one selected from compounds containing 25% or more, preferably 27% or more oxygen atoms in the molecule.
  • the fuels include guanidine nitrate (GN) (oxygen atom content 39.3%), aminoguanidine nitrate (AGN) (35.0%), diaminoguanidine nitrate (DAGN) (31 6%), triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAGN) (28.7%), nitroaminoguanidine nitrate (NAGN) (44.0%), troganidine (NQ) (30.7%), Dinitroameline (DNAM) (36.8%), Trimethylenetrinitroamine (RDX) (43.2%), Tetramethylenetetranitroamine (HMX) (43.2%), Ethylenedinitol Lamin (EDNA) (42.6%), ethylenediamine dinitrate (51.6%), oxalylhydrazide (27.1%), 5-nitrobarbituric acid (46.2%), Hydrazinium oxalate (52.4%), diaminotriazole nitrate (42.6%), guanylperrea nitrate (38.8%),
  • the oxidizing agent used in the present invention is at least one selected from metal oxides and metal double oxides.
  • metal oxides and metal oxides include oxides or oxides of copper, cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc, molybdenum, and bismuth.
  • metal oxides and metal complex oxide for example, CuO, Cu 2 0, Co 2 Os, CoO, C O3_rei_4, Fe 2 Rei_3, F E_ ⁇ , Fe 3 Rei_4, Mn_ ⁇ 2 , Mn z O 3, Mn 3 ⁇ 4, N i 0, Zn_ ⁇ , Mo_ ⁇ 3, can be mentioned CoMo_ ⁇ 4, B i 2 M O_ ⁇ 6 or B i 2 ⁇ 3.
  • the content of the oxidizing agent in the gas generating composition is preferably 30 to 80% by weight, and more preferably 40 to 75% by weight.
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention may further contain a binder.
  • the binder include sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, cotton acetate, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, microcrystalline cellulose, polyacrylamide, guar gum, molybdenum disulfide, acid clay, talc, and bentonite. , Diatomaceous earth, kaolin, calcium stearate, silica, alumina, sodium silicate, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, hydrotalcite or a mixture thereof.
  • the content of the binder in the gas generating composition is preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 12% by weight.
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention may further contain a combustion regulator.
  • This combustion regulator includes ammonia, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Examples thereof include salts of a selected cation and a hydrogen-free anion selected from nitric acid, nitrous acid, chloric acid, and perchloric acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • combustion control agent examples include ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, strontium nitrate, and the like, ammonium salt, alkali metal salt, or alkaline earth metal salt; ammonium nitrite, sodium nitrite.
  • Potassium nitrite, magnesium nitrite, strontium nitrite, etc. ammonium nitrite, alkaline metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt; ammonium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium chlorate, chloric acid Ammonium salts of chloric acid such as magnesium and barium chlorate, alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts; ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, magnesium perchlorate, perchloric acid Ammonium salt, alkali metal salt or perchloric acid such as barium It can be mentioned potassium earth metal salt.
  • the content of the combustion regulator in the gas generating composition is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and more preferably 2 to 15% by weight.
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention can be produced by a dry method in which a fuel, an oxidizing agent, a binder, and a combustion regulator are mixed in powder form, or a wet method in which water, an organic solvent, and the like are mixed. .
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention can be molded into a desired shape.
  • compression molding using a tableting machine into pellets compression molding using a disk molding machine into discs, grinding of pellet discs, or granulation using danranulae. It can be extruded using a drawing machine (extrusion molding machine) to make a drawn medicine (non-porous, single-hole, porous).
  • molding methods can be appropriately selected according to the properties to be imparted to the molded article of the gas generating composition.
  • compression molding is essentially Since a mixture is not required or only a small amount is required, it is also suitable as a molding method of the gas generating composition of the present invention.
  • the extrusion molding method is applied, it is easier to mold a thin web than the compression molding method, so that a molded product can be obtained even with a composition having a slow burning rate.
  • the extrusion molding method is suitable for mass production because molding can be performed in a relatively short time. In the case of a composition having a high burning rate, the size of the molded product can be increased, so that the production efficiency can be further increased.
  • a molded article having a complicated shape such as non-porous, single-hole, or porous can be manufactured, so that various combustion characteristics can be imparted.
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention can be used for any device that requires gas generating capability, such as propellants and rocket propellants, but is particularly useful for protecting human bodies mounted on automobiles, aircraft, etc. It is suitable for use in an inflation-evening system of an airbag to be provided for a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of inflation for an airbag, but it goes without saying that the inflation to which the gas generating agent of the present invention is applied is not limited to that shown in FIG.
  • 10 is the ignition chamber (enhancer chamber)
  • 14 is the transfer charge
  • 16 is the igniter
  • 18 is the gas outlet
  • 20 is the gas generating agent combustion chamber
  • 2 2 Is a molded gas generating agent
  • 30 is a coolant filter
  • 32 is a gas flow path gap
  • 40 is a gas outlet.
  • the inflation system of the present invention uses the above-described gas generating composition, and is used in both a pie mouth type in which gas is supplied only from the gas generating agent and a compressed gas such as argon and a gas generating agent. Any hybrid type may be used.
  • the inflation system of the present invention uses the above-mentioned gas generating composition as an igniting agent called an enhancer (or booster) for transmitting the energy of the primer and the squib to the gas generating agent. You can also.
  • an enhancer powders, granules, pellets, non-porous rolls, single-hole rolls, porous rolls, etc. Those molded into an appropriate shape can be used.
  • the gas generating method of the present invention involves burning the above-mentioned gas generating composition as fuel in a gas generator, and can be applied in various fields utilizing the gas generated by this combustion.
  • the gas generating method of the present invention can reduce the combustion temperature and increase the gas generating efficiency by using the above-mentioned gas generating composition as a fuel.
  • Table 1 shows examples of guanidine nitrate (GN), dinitroammeline (DNAM), triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAGN;), trimethylenetrinitroamine (RDX), tetramethylenetetranitroamine (HMX),
  • GN guanidine nitrate
  • DNAM dinitroammeline
  • TAGN triaminoguanidine nitrate
  • RDX trimethylenetrinitroamine
  • HMX tetramethylenetetranitroamine
  • the combustion temperature of the gas generating composition of the present invention was considerably lower than Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and the amount of generated gas was larger than Comparative Example 1.
  • Table 2 shows the burning rate of the gas generant containing guanidine nitrate (GN), the density of the gas generant pellets, and the pressure index. The burning rate was measured under a pressure of 70 kgf / cm 2 .
  • GN guanidine nitrate
  • Cu ⁇ copper oxide
  • the composition placed in an aluminum container was left in a thermostat at 105 for 400 hours, and the weight loss rate was determined from the weight change of the composition before and after the test to evaluate the heat resistance.
  • the weight loss rate was as small as 1.06%, and there was no change in appearance.
  • Table 3 shows the results of the friction sensitivity test and the drop impact test of the gas generating composition containing GN, NQ, and DNAM.
  • the friction sensitivity test was performed using a BAM-type friction sensitivity tester in accordance with the Industrial Explosives Association Standard ES-22.
  • the drop hammer sensitivity test was performed using a 5 kg iron mallet according to the Industrial Explosives Association Standard ES-21 (1).
  • the gas generating composition of the present invention had low friction sensitivity and falling hammer sensitivity, and the danger was low even when handled in a dry powder state.
  • Table 4 shows the results obtained by burning 10 g of a gas generating composition powder containing GN, NQ and oxalyl hydrazide under normal pressure. 10 g of the gas generating composition powder was placed in a mortar and ignited by energizing a nichrome wire. Combustion of the gas generating composition of the present invention was relatively mild, and it was confirmed that the danger was low. In addition, combustion was completed, a slag property was high, and a combustion residue which was easily filtered was formed.
  • Composition wt Combustion time (seconds) Combustion state and combustion residue state
  • Example 30 GN / CuO 43.4 / 56.6 17.09 Very little flame was observed. The composition burned completely. Red and black residues formed.
  • Example 31 NQ / CuO 39.5 / 60.5 7.31 A yellow-green flame was observed. The composition burns completely
  • Example 32 Oxalyl human "Rashi '/ GuO 22.9 / 77.1 14.06 No flame was seen. The composition burned completely and red and blue residues were formed.

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à une composition susceptible d'émettre du gaz, qui comporte en tant que combustible au moins un composé contenant de l'oxygène en quantité représentant au moins 25 % de sa molécule, et en tant qu'agent d'oxydation, au moins un oxyde sélectionné parmi des oxydes métalliques et des oxydes bimétalliques. Cette composition susceptible d'émettre du gaz possède une faible température de combustion et présente une grande efficacité à émettre un gaz. Les combustibles utilisés comprennent un ou plusieurs composés sélectionnés dans le groupe constitué par le sel d'acide guanidine-nitrique (GN), le sel d'acide diaminoguanidine-nitrique (DAGN), le sel d'acide triaminoguanidine-nitrique (TAGN), la nitroguanidine (NG), la dinitroamméline (DNAM), la triméthylènetrinitramine (RDX), la tétraméthylènetétranitramine (HMX), l'éthylènedinitramine (EDNA), l'oxalhydrazide et analogues. Les agents d'oxydation comprennent des oxydes et des oxydes doubles de cuivre, fer et analogue.
PCT/JP1999/004875 1998-09-09 1999-09-08 Composition emettant du gaz WO2000014032A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020007004791A KR20010031728A (ko) 1998-09-09 1999-09-08 가스발생제 조성물
DE19981909T DE19981909T1 (de) 1998-09-09 1999-09-08 Gasbildende Zusammensetzung

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10/254762 1998-09-09
JP10254762A JP2000086375A (ja) 1998-09-09 1998-09-09 ガス発生剤組成物

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000014032A1 true WO2000014032A1 (fr) 2000-03-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1999/004875 WO2000014032A1 (fr) 1998-09-09 1999-09-08 Composition emettant du gaz

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2000086375A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010031728A (fr)
CN (1) CN1277599A (fr)
DE (1) DE19981909T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000014032A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001000544A1 (fr) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-04 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Composition d'agents gazogenes
CN1318358C (zh) * 2005-03-17 2007-05-30 戴良玉 汽车安全气囊专用超细硝酸胍的加工工艺

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004080767A1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-23 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Generateur de gaz
JP4514024B2 (ja) * 2004-02-09 2010-07-28 日本化薬株式会社 伝火薬成形体及びこれを有するガス発生器
JP4969837B2 (ja) * 2005-11-25 2012-07-04 株式会社ダイセル 自動車エアバッグインフレータ用ガス発生剤の押出成形体
JP5277428B2 (ja) * 2006-05-02 2013-08-28 日本化薬株式会社 安全部品を作動させるためのガスアクチュエータ用ガス発生剤組成物およびそれを用いたガスアクチュエータ用ガス発生器
US8231747B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2012-07-31 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Inflator assembly
KR101385348B1 (ko) * 2013-05-21 2014-04-21 주식회사 한화 연소속도와 연소가스량이 증가된 가스발생제
JP6118002B2 (ja) * 2015-04-23 2017-04-19 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 ガス発生剤、及びそれを用いた発泡体の製造方法
CN105753798A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-13 北京理工大学 一类新型产气化合物

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07196392A (ja) * 1993-12-29 1995-08-01 Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd 自動車エアバッグ用ガス発生剤組成物及び成型方法
WO1995025709A2 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-28 Olin Corporation Melange propulsif pour generer un gaz
EP0767155A1 (fr) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-09 Morton International, Inc. Charges hétérogènes génératrices de gaz
WO1997018178A1 (fr) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Composition de production de gaz
US5663524A (en) * 1994-11-26 1997-09-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Gas generating mixture containing copper diammine dinitrate
EP0820971A2 (fr) * 1996-07-22 1998-01-28 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Générateur de gaz pour un coussin gonflable
EP0905108A1 (fr) * 1997-09-24 1999-03-31 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG Mélange générateur de gaz sans particules
WO1999043633A1 (fr) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Composition generatrice de gaz

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07196392A (ja) * 1993-12-29 1995-08-01 Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd 自動車エアバッグ用ガス発生剤組成物及び成型方法
WO1995025709A2 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-28 Olin Corporation Melange propulsif pour generer un gaz
US5663524A (en) * 1994-11-26 1997-09-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Gas generating mixture containing copper diammine dinitrate
EP0767155A1 (fr) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-09 Morton International, Inc. Charges hétérogènes génératrices de gaz
WO1997018178A1 (fr) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Composition de production de gaz
EP0820971A2 (fr) * 1996-07-22 1998-01-28 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Générateur de gaz pour un coussin gonflable
EP0905108A1 (fr) * 1997-09-24 1999-03-31 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG Mélange générateur de gaz sans particules
WO1999043633A1 (fr) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Composition generatrice de gaz

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001000544A1 (fr) * 1999-06-25 2001-01-04 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Composition d'agents gazogenes
CN1318358C (zh) * 2005-03-17 2007-05-30 戴良玉 汽车安全气囊专用超细硝酸胍的加工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000086375A (ja) 2000-03-28
DE19981909T1 (de) 2001-01-04
CN1277599A (zh) 2000-12-20
KR20010031728A (ko) 2001-04-16

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