Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
  • A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
  • A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
  • A22C25/14—Beheading, eviscerating, or cleaning fish

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing fish.
• the previously known collar bone cutters can only remove the collar bones, the upper collar bones cannot be reached for reasons of yield, the skull roof has so far not been accessible for processing in the saddle machine.
• the upper collar bone remains on the fillet and has to be trimmed manually, the skull roof, depending on the size, also leads to trimming, or to a machine stop, or loss of yield and quality due to tearing in the scraping knife.
• a device for processing fish which comprises endlessly rotating means for receiving fish, the rotating means being arranged essentially transversely to the direction of rotation, means for recognizing and / or recording the collar bone fins of Fishing and elements for cutting and / or spreading, the means for cutting and / or spreading being arranged essentially in the region of the collar bones.
• the fish is inserted from a storage trough, which stores the fish to be processed at essentially the same height.
• the fish is placed in a side position with its head against a nose stop, with its back against the back wall of the trough.
• the troughs driven by an endless chain, transport the fish through the processing tools.
• the nose stop is in the longitudinal direction of the fish agile and exerts a force on the fish that can move it in the direction of the tail.
• the means for taking up the collar bone fin runs essentially on the fish in the area of the tail end, which has the advantage that the means for taking up the collar bone fin does not necessarily have to be set to the greatest possible fish thickness and can nevertheless cover the widest possible range of sizes, and then leads through the transport movement relatively towards the head and collects the collar bone fin.
• a small fish runs almost without mechanical loading, the fin is then caught and collected shortly before the end of the area between the means for receiving the collar bone fin and the element for longitudinal displacement.
• the position of the bar is at the end parallel to the trough movement to ensure a seamless transition to the cutting processing tools, here the so-called scraping knife.
• a further development according to the invention provides that the means for receiving fish are designed as troughs.
• Another development according to the invention provides that the means for receiving fish are made at least in two parts.
• the means for receiving fish have elements for the longitudinal displacement of the fish, in particular coupled to an overload stop.
• levers articulated by means of elastic springs are used, which control the elements for longitudinal displacement in such a way that an evasive movement of the elements is possible with larger fish.
• a further development according to the invention provides that the elements for cutting consist of circular knives and / or blades, in particular standing blades.
• the collar bone fin After the collar bone fin has been picked up and handed over to the pair of scraper knives, it moves very flat from above and below, behind the collar bone fins and makes a cut each Collar bones and upper collar bones along to the middle ridge through.
• the pre-cutting is done with a " standing blade, the cut is realized by the fish transport and pressure from the head, the collar bone is not severed, it is scraped along it.
• the upper and lower scraper knives are each stored separately via a pivot point on the head side.
• a stop and a spring balancer a rear opening is set according to the thickness of the small fish's bones. A thicker bone can press the knives against the spring balancer the
• the scraper knife for small fish is set by means of a so-called lurking position, a large fish turns and presses on the scraper knife according to its thickness. Since a wide range of sizes is processed, the fish thicknesses vary, the inlet opening is controlled by a junction from the device. By pushing the nose against the tail, the fish is pushed into the scraping knife and the cut is carried out in cooperation with the transport movement. This is preferably a smooth bottom surface, for. B. used in the trough, or worked with water sprinkling.
• Another development according to the invention provides that the elements for cutting are arranged essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fish.
• the elements for cutting are arranged in an inclination angle range of 10 to 90 degrees, based on the longitudinal axis of the fish.
• a further development according to the invention provides that the means for spreading the means for cutting are designed to be corresponding.
• a transition from pre-cutting and pressure from the head towards the torso through the nose stop spread the gill flaps and collar bones so that they are at the same angle as the subsequent circular knives to make a cut on the skull roof.
• Two circular knives with a distance of 2-3 mm cut through the middle bones, the guide is made by cutting from the pre-cutting.
• the middle plate is not damaged by the distance between the knives and remains on the head. Centering adjusts the circular knives so that the center bones are centered on the gap.
• the middle plate that has grown on the head is advantageously not damaged.
• a plow pulls the head and fusel apart so that the middle plate no longer protrudes into the fuselage.
• a subsequent cutting knife cuts through the last remaining skin connections, which exist due to the knife spacing of the spaced circular knives.
• the head and body are now completely separate and are led out of the machine separately.
• each means for cutting has a corresponding means for cutting or spreading in the cutting counter.
• a post-heading device is implemented, which removes both the collar bone and the upper collar bone and the skull cap of a fish that has already been decapitated in one piece. The nose stop is adjusted by the lack of the head.
• the spring forces are set in such a way that the fuselage runs into the cutting unit.
• the knives are arranged in such a way that they stand one inside the other, the lower cutter head being equipped with a second circular knife, so that a cutting support for the upper knife is produced. In the gap the upper knife is lowered between the two lower knives. It is also possible to provide for the speed of the upper knife to be increased, in particular in order to achieve slippage between the upper and lower knife in order to achieve a suitable separation effect.
• a post-heading device is implemented which removes the collar bone, the upper collar bone and the skull cap of a fish that has already been decapitated in one piece.
• the nose stop is modified in such a way that it compensates for the falling head.
• the fuselage is passed into a guide (10, 5, 8, 9), as can be seen in FIG. 2, and is guided by means of a trough 2 to the cutting knife (7).
• the cutting knife 7 has a so-called cutting counter, which consists of a further cutter head with a cutting knife 20. Both separating knives 7, 20 form a run-in wedge, which ensures a safe separation of the collar bone.
• the refractive knives 6 shown in broken lines have been removed.
• the cutting knife can be designed as a movable cutting counter.
• the object is achieved in that a method for processing fish is created, a device according to one or more of the preceding claims being used.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of fish processing in the Sequence of processing operations
• FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device
• FIG. 3 shows a section through the device according to FIG. 2 in the area of the scraping knife, (section line A - A)
• FIG. 4 shows a section through the device according to FIG. 2 in the area of the crushing knife, (section line B - B)
• FIG. 5 shows a section through the device of FIG. 2 in the area of
• FIG. 6 is a plan view of the device of Figure 2
• Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the fish feed area
• Figure 8 is a schematic representation of the post-head design.
• the processing sequence used in the device for processing fish 1 is shown in FIG. 1 from top to bottom.
• the fish 11 is conveyed into the area of the means for cutting 5 during its further forward movement, which are designed as blades or as a so-called scraping knife.
• These fixed blades 5 are designed in a wedge shape such that when the fish 11 is moved further, the wedge-shaped configuration cuts sharply up to the main bones of the fish 11 behind its gills.
• the standing blade 5 merges into a means for spreading 8, which with the Blade 5 communicates in such a way that it is to be regarded as a blunt extension.
• the means for spreading 8 has no cutting function, but instead it changes the angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis of the fish in the further forward movement such that the gill covers are bent open as shown in FIG. 1. This takes place up to an angle of inclination which essentially corresponds to that of the subsequent means for cutting 6, which are designed as circular knives or as so-called refractive knives 6. These crushing knives 6 cut through the main bones of the fish 11 without destroying the so-called central plate. The crushing knives 6 are followed in the direction of movement by the means for pulling 9, which, like the means for spreading, expand in a wedge shape in the direction of movement.
• This wedge-shaped extension of the means for pulling 9 stretches the head 14, which is still attached to bone-free tissue, along its longitudinal axis, around the bone-containing areas of the head 14 from the cutting zone of the means for cutting 7, which is also used as a circular knife or as a so-called separating knife 7 is carried out to subtract.
• the separating knife 7 releases all connections between the head 14 and the remaining body of the fish 11. Both the head 14 and the body of the fish 11 leave the device via the fish delivery or transfer area 15.
• the device for processing fish 1 shown in FIG. 2 has an endlessly running trough belt 16, on which the fish 11 to be processed lie essentially transversely to their direction of transport and which transports them to the processing tools. From the unsorted amount of fish in the storage trough 17, a fish is z. B. removed by hand and in
• the fish trough 2 is for later inclusion of the head and trunk after the head divided into two.
• Storage 17 and fish trough 2 lie essentially in one plane, so that no lifting of the fish is required.
• the collar bone 12 At the end of the element for longitudinal displacement of the fish, the collar bone 12 has reached a position in which it is pressed against the plates of the means for receiving the collar bone fin 10.
• the collar bones and gill flaps 13 are bent open by means of the spreading means 8 until they are essentially at the same angle as the refractive knives 6.
• This pair of knives 6 is about 2-3 mm apart and cuts through them Main bones without damaging the so-called middle plate, since a middle plate on the fuselage that is detached from the head can lead to malfunctions in the filleting machine.
• head 14 and fuselage are pulled apart a little by means of a pull-off means 9 so that the middle plate no longer projects into the fuselage, then a last separating knife 7 separates the remaining (skin) connections to the head. Finally, head 14 and fuselage are led separately out of the machine via the fish delivery or transfer area 15.
• the means for spreading has 8 additional blades for cutting.
• FIG. 3 shows a section through the device for processing fish 1 in the area of the scraping knife 5.
• the means for receiving the fish which can be seen here as a two-part trough 2, contain an element for longitudinal displacement 3 on the side on which the head of the fish rests, which element is coupled to a spring-loaded overload stop 4.
• the endlessly circulating trough belt 16 is arranged below the trough 2.
• the spacing of the scraping knives 5 from one another as a function of the thickness of the fish to be processed is set by means of differential gear 18.
• the scraping knives are designed to be displaceable in such a way that they can follow the contour of the fish or its collar bone.
• FIG. 1 A section through the device for processing fish 1 is shown in FIG.
• the fish 11 lies in the trough 2, which is the element for
• Longitudinal displacement 3 which is deactivated in this processing stage, shows in its starting position.
• the element for longitudinal displacement 3 pushes the fish head against the crushing knife 6.
• the means for cutting which are designed as circular or refractive knives 6, cut through the main bones, the circular knives being inclined such that they reach behind the gill covers 13 of the fish 11, which are spread at the same angle, without damaging them.
• the head 14 of the fish 11 now hangs only loosely, due to the gap between the circular knives 6, on the remaining skin connections on the trunk, which are completely severed by the separating knife 7 shown in FIG.
• the parts that are separated from one another are then transported in the respective half of the trough into the exit area or into the entrance area of a subsequently arranged machine
• the device for processing fish shown in FIG. 6 has an endlessly rotating trough belt 16, on which the fish to be processed lie essentially transversely to their direction of transport and which transports them to the processing tools.
• the fish lies in a lateral position, with its back against the boundary of the trough 2 and head first against the element for longitudinal displacement 3, the so-called nose stop.
• the fish trough 2 is divided into two for later inclusion of each head and trunk after the head.
• this nose stop 3 which is designed as a sliding strip, the collar bone of the fish has reached a position in which it is pressed against the boards of the means for receiving the collar bone fin 10.
• Movable brushes 19 are arranged in the area of this means for receiving the collar bone fin, which have the task of straightening collar bone fins possibly resting on the fish hull, so that the means 10 can intervene in a defined manner behind the fin and thus in the area of influence of the collar bone.
• a pair of scraper blades 5 synchronized by means of differential gear 18 (FIG. 3) moves very flat, both from above and from below, behind the collar bone fin 12 and cuts, guided by the collar bone, upper collar bone and skull roof, deep into the skull 14 except for the Middle bones and in the longitudinal direction up to the skull.
• the required cutting pressure is applied by the nose stop 3.
• the fish is then transferred to the crushing knife 6.
• the collar bone and gill cover 13 are bent open by means of the means for spreading 8 until they are essentially at the same angle as that
• Breaking knife 6 This pair of knives 6 is about 2-3 mm apart and cuts through the main bones without damaging the so-called middle or bone plate, which supports the skull and lies in the plane of symmetry of the fish, because a middle plate separated from the head on the fuselage can lead to malfunctions in the fillet machine.
• the head 14 and body are pulled apart slightly by a means of pulling 9 so that the central plate no longer projects into the body, then a last separating knife 7 separates the remaining skin connections to the head.
• FIG. 7 shows schematically how the fish 11, which come to lie in different sizes as well as in different places on the endlessly circulating trough belt 16, are defined by the interaction of the element for longitudinal displacement 3 of the fish 11 in FIG Area of influence of the means for receiving the collar bone fin so that said means can intervene behind each collar bone of each fish.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
• Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1998
  • 1998-07-31 DE DE1998134523 patent/DE19834523A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-07-10 GB GB0101438A patent/GB2361405B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-07-10 WO PCT/EP1999/004858 patent/WO2000007451A1/de active Application Filing
  • 1999-07-10 DE DE19981451T patent/DE19981451B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-01-10 DK DK200100033A patent/DK176713B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-01-26 NO NO20010473A patent/NO320215B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-01-26 SE SE0100217A patent/SE518718C2/sv unknown
  • 2001-01-30 IS IS5833A patent/IS2391B/is unknown

Patent Citations (7)

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