WO1999062844A1 - Appareil de compostage - Google Patents

Appareil de compostage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999062844A1
WO1999062844A1 PCT/AU1999/000415 AU9900415W WO9962844A1 WO 1999062844 A1 WO1999062844 A1 WO 1999062844A1 AU 9900415 W AU9900415 W AU 9900415W WO 9962844 A1 WO9962844 A1 WO 9962844A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receptacle
composting apparatus
composting
chamber
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1999/000415
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Robert Devereux
Original Assignee
Tasmanian Agricultural Renewal Research Company International Pty. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tasmanian Agricultural Renewal Research Company International Pty. Ltd. filed Critical Tasmanian Agricultural Renewal Research Company International Pty. Ltd.
Priority to AU41238/99A priority Critical patent/AU4123899A/en
Publication of WO1999062844A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999062844A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/0332—Earthworms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/907—Small-scale devices without mechanical means for feeding or discharging material, e.g. garden compost bins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an apparatus for converting waste into compost and has been designed especially, as a composting apparatus which houses worms for use in the composting process.
  • the invention has particular application to a composting apparatus for domestic use to treat household organic kitchen waste and is herein described in that context. However, it will be appreciated that the invention has broader application and is not limited to that particular use.
  • Worms are known to be able to keep compost from compacting, and enable it to break down faster than traditional composting processes. Further, vermicast produced from worms is an extremely good plant food. Whilst worm farms have been used on large scale operations in the treatment of organic waste, previously they have not been suitable for use in domestic situations as worms are prone to attract vermin and require controlled climatic conditions to survive.
  • An aim of the present invention is to ameliorate this problem and provide a composting apparatus which is ideally suited to use worms in the composting process.
  • a further aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus that is durable and relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the present invention provides composting apparatus including a receptacle defining a chamber for containing material to be composted, the receptacle incorporating a first opening for obtaining access to the chamber, a lid movably mounted to the chamber and operative to open and close the first opening, aerating means disposed within the receptacle to facilitate circulation of air within the chamber, and liquid discharge means operative to remove liquid from the chamber.
  • the composting apparatus of the present invention is ideal for housing worms for use in the composting process as an environment within the receptacle can be obtained which is required for worm survival. Further, the apparatus can be closed off to the outside environment thereby inhibiting the likelihood of infestation by vermin.
  • the aerating means includes a perforated pipe disposed within the chamber.
  • the pipe includes an inlet which is arranged to be located outside the composting material in the chamber.
  • the inlet is located at one end of the pipe which is disposed at or adjacent the first opening.
  • the inlet is in fluid communication with the exterior of the receptacle and extends through an aperture in the receptacle.
  • the perforated pipe is formed from a plastics material and incorporates perforations along its length.
  • Agricultural pipe is ideal for this application as it is widely available, inexpensive and durable.
  • a perforated pipe to aerate the chamber has the advantage that it is relatively inexpensive and durable.
  • a further advantage is that the volume of air introduced into the composting material through the aerating pipe can be regulated to some extent by the length of the aerating pipe within the chamber as well as the size of the pipe and the number or size of the perforations. In this way, a configuration of the pipe can match the volume of the receptacle so that the environment in the chamber can accommodate worms.
  • the liquid discharge means includes at least one aperture which extends through the receptacle and a valving arrangement which is operative to control the flow of liquid through that aperture.
  • the valving arrangement is a tap which can be manually operated but it is to be appreciated that other arrangements may be used.
  • the perforated pipe is in fluid communication with the liquid discharge means and operative to drain liquid to the outlet aperture.
  • the liquid discharge means may include a separate perforated pipe or other facility to drain the liquid to the tap of the composting apparatus.
  • the composting apparatus is relatively light weight and transportable.
  • the receptacle is a modified mobile garbage bin which is commonly used for domestic waste disposal and recycling purposes.
  • the receptacle is formed from a high density plastics and incorporates a base and a circumferential side wall which extends upwardly from the base to an upper end which defines the first opening.
  • the lid is hingedly mounted to the upper end of the receptacle and in this arrangement the liquid discharge means is located at or adjacent the base.
  • the size of the receptacle may vary depending on the application. For domestic use, typically the volume of the receptacle is within the order of 150-300 litres.
  • a second opening is disposed within the side wall of the receptacle adjacent the base.
  • a movable cover is mounted to the receptacle and operable to open and close the second opening. When in its opened position, composting material is then able to be removed through the second opening.
  • the aerating means further includes at least one vent which is incorporated in the side wall of the receptacle to further assist in introducing air into the receptacle chamber.
  • the drainage pipe extends adjacent the base of the chamber and is located within a filter material.
  • the filter material is formed from a course particular material such as gravel, or screenings.
  • polystyrene is used. The advantage of polystyrene is that as its light weight, it enables the composting apparatus to be more easily transported.
  • the purpose of the filter material is to allow the liquid to drain into the pipe without causing blocking of the pipe apparatus. To further assist in this process, a finer filter cloth may overlay the particulate material.
  • the perforated pipe is secured to the inner surface of the receptacle wall.
  • the piping has minimal impact on the addition or removal of the composting material.
  • the pipe can be easily secured to the receptacle wall using appropriate fasteners such as brackets or ties or the like.
  • the aerating pipe may extend vertically within the receptacle chamber or may be spirally wound within the wall chamber if required to further assist in the introduction of air into the chamber.
  • the composting apparatus is arranged to be easily moved and incorporates at least one pair of wheels disposed at the base. Further a handle extends outwardly at or adjacent the upper end of the circumferential wall.
  • the wheels are suitable placed so that once tilted the receptacle can move freely on the wheels and when in an upright position, the base is arranged to engage the ground so as to prevent inadvertent movement.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the composting apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention with the lid in an closed position;
  • Figure 2 is a rear view of the composting apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the composting apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view of the composting apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 5 is a top view of the composting apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 with the lid in an open position but excluding the filter material in the base of the receptacle;
  • FIG 6 is a perspective view of the composting apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 with the lid in an open position.
  • a composting apparatus 10 which includes a receptacle 11 for containing material to be composted and which is specially designed to house worms to aid in the composting process.
  • the receptacle 11 is a modified version of a mobile garbage bin which in the illustrated embodiment is formed of high density plastic and has a capacity of approximately 240 litres. Such bins are commonly used for the collection of garbage and recycling materials.
  • the receptacle 11 includes a base 12 and side walls (13, 14, 15, 16) which extend upwardly from the base to an upper open end 17.
  • a lid 18 is provided which is mounted to receptacle 11 by hinges 19, such that the lid is movable between a closed and an open position. In the closed position the lid covers the opening 17, whereas in the open position the lid folds back against the rear wall 14 so as to be remote from the open end 17.
  • the receptacle 11 is arranged to be easily transported and incorporates a pair of wheels 20 which depend from the base 12. Handles 22 are also provided and extend from an upper region of the rear wall 14. With this arrangement, when the receptacle 11 is in upright configuration as illustrated, it is relatively stable, as the base 12 is in engagement with the ground. However the receptacle can be easily moved by tilting it in a rearward direction so that the receptacle is supported solely on the wheels 20.
  • the composting apparatus 10 is designed to circulate air within the interior chamber 23 which is defined by the receptacle walls. This is required to provide an environment where worms can survive in the receptacle.
  • exterior vents 24, 25, 26 are provided in the receptacle walls.
  • a large vent 24 is provided on the rear wall 14, whereas two smaller vents 25, 26 are included at the side walls 15, 16.
  • Each vent includes a mesh cover to act as a barrier to prevent vermin and the like entering the receptacle chamber 23 while still allowing adequate air flow.
  • a perforated pipe 27 is also provided to further aid in the circulation of air in the chamber 23.
  • the perforated pipe used is 50mm plastic agricultural pipe.
  • the pipe 27 is secured to the rear wall 14 of the receptacle 11 and has one end 28 located at the open upper end 17 of the receptacle. This end 29 of the pipe 27 acts as an inlet to the pipe and is arranged to be disposed above the level of composting material designed to be held within the receptacle chamber 23.
  • the pipe 27 runs down the back of the receptacle 12 and extends across to the front wall 13. With this arrangement, the pipe 27 also forms part of a drainage system for draining liquid from the receptacle chamber 23 as discussed below.
  • a tap 30 is disposed in the front wall 13 adjacent the base 12.
  • the tap 30 is in communication with the chamber 23 and is coupled to the bottom end 29 of the pipe 27.
  • the pipe 27 is arranged to drain liquid to the tap.
  • the tap is manually operable so that the discharge of liquid from the chamber can be controlled.
  • the lower part of the receptacle includes a filter material 32 in which the pipe 27 is located.
  • the filter material includes a coarse particulate material 33 which in the illustrated form is polystyrene and finer mesh covering 34 which overlays the coarser particulate material 33.
  • a second opening 35 is provided in the front wall 13 of the receptacle 11.
  • the purpose of the second opening 35 is to allow access to composting material located in the lower portion of the chamber 23 so that that material can be removed.
  • the second opening 35 includes a cover which is operable to open and close the opening 34.
  • the cover 36 incorporates a sliding door 37 which is movable within rails 38 provided on the front wall 13.
  • the door 37 includes a mesh face to further aid in circulation of air in the chamber. It is to be appreciated that other arrangements could be used.
  • the composting apparatus 10 is designed to house worms to convert domestic organic waste to compost.
  • the air vents 24, 25, 26 together with the aerating pipe 27 aid in circulation of air within the compost within the chamber 23 which is essential for worm survival particularly in a relatively deep receptacle such as that of the preferred embodiment.
  • the tap 30 is arranged to drain off liquid vermicast produced by the worms which is a very rich plant food. Further, drainage of the liquid vermicast ensures that the compost does not become too wet which is another critical factor for worm survival.
  • the lower opening 34 enables the composted material to be removed without disrupting the worm farm.
  • organic kitchen and garden waste can be composted. These include vegetable and fruit scraps, tea bags, vacuum cleaner dust, torn up and soaked newspapers and other paper products and animal manure.
  • the organic material is located in the opening in the upper end of the container.
  • the worms congregate in the mid section of the receptacle and in general will double their population about every two months.
  • vermicast As they eat through the composting material they produce vermicast which settles towards the bottom of the container which in a liquid form can be drained from the tap 30 and in a solid form, can be removed by the lower opening 29.
  • One of the advantages of the composting apparatus 10 is both the liquid vermicast as well as the fully composted material can be removed without disrupting the worms.
  • the composting apparatus requires little maintenance. In general the lid is kept closed except for about four hours per week and it is necessary that the receptacle is placed in the shade during summer and in the sun during winter. Typically the liquid vermicast should be removed about once a week. To avoid compacting from time to time a garden fork is used to loosen the contents within the receptacle chamber.
  • the advantage of the composting apparatus 10 is that the worms remain wholly within the receptacle which during the majority of its use is fully closed thereby minimising the likelihood of infestation by vermin.
  • the composting apparatus is of simple design and relatively inexpensive to manufacture and uses a receptacle which is a modified form of mobile garbage bin which is commonly used in the domestic environment.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de compostage (10) spécifiquement conçu pour abriter des vers, de manière à favoriser le processus de compostage. Cet appareil (10) comprend un récipient (11) qui définit une chambre (23) destinée à contenir de la matière à composter. Afin de créer, à l'intérieur de la chambre, un environnement approprié à la survie des vers, un tuyau d'aération perforé (27) et des évents (24, 25, 26) sont disposés à l'intérieur du récipient, de façon à faciliter la circulation de l'air à l'intérieur de la chambre. Un système d'évacuation de liquides pourvu d'un robinet (30) sert à évacuer les liquides de la chambre.
PCT/AU1999/000415 1998-05-29 1999-05-28 Appareil de compostage WO1999062844A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU41238/99A AU4123899A (en) 1998-05-29 1999-05-28 A composting apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPP3773A AUPP377398A0 (en) 1998-05-29 1998-05-29 A composting apparatus
AUPP3773 1998-05-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999062844A1 true WO1999062844A1 (fr) 1999-12-09

Family

ID=3808020

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1999/000415 WO1999062844A1 (fr) 1998-05-29 1999-05-28 Appareil de compostage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AUPP377398A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999062844A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6576462B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2003-06-10 J. Michael Thompson Vermiculture composting device
EP2100866A2 (fr) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-16 George Kolevris dispositif de lombricompostage
WO2010090537A2 (fr) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-12 Benjamin Bell Lombricomposteur à écoulement continu
FR2948359A1 (fr) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-28 Martial Lanoir Lombricomposteur
EP2354111A1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-10 Mr.Anthony Gerard Callaghan Appareil de compostage
CN102870960A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2013-01-16 苏州大学 一种蝇蛆投放式餐厨垃圾处理装置

Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2620977A1 (de) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-02 Posostron Ag Komposter fuer hausmuell und gartenabfaelle
US4105412A (en) * 1977-08-04 1978-08-08 Petzinger Manfred W A Portable compost container
EP0173502A2 (fr) * 1984-08-22 1986-03-05 John G. Laurenson, Jr. Système d'injection et d'évacuation d'air de compostage ayant une régulation d'air améliorée
DE3802499A1 (de) * 1987-05-19 1988-12-01 Georg Neumann Vorrichtung zum kompostieren organischer abfaelle
WO1993010060A1 (fr) * 1991-11-19 1993-05-27 Original Organics Limited Poubelles a compost
DE4205677A1 (de) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-26 Oskar Wolf Belueftungssaeule fuer muelltonne und komposthaufen
AU4132193A (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Robert William Coe Composting apparatus and method
WO1994000404A1 (fr) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-06 Cosmo Enterprise Co., Ltd. Appareil de liquefaction d'une substance organique
EP0585666A1 (fr) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-09 Joergen Fischer Recipient à compostage
WO1994006734A1 (fr) * 1992-09-14 1994-03-31 Dowmus Pty. Ltd. Procedes et appareil pour la destruction et le traitement des dechets
AU5276193A (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-14 Joy Sandra Cairns Organic liquid fertiliser bin
WO1994029241A1 (fr) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-22 Carl Johan Reincke Recipient de compostage
FR2718435A1 (fr) * 1994-03-30 1995-10-13 Schaijk Petrus Van Adrianus Bac pour le compostage de matières organiques.
AU3786395A (en) * 1994-11-17 1996-05-23 Ross Elliott Forsyth Decomposition apparatus
DE19604749A1 (de) * 1995-02-18 1996-08-22 Thilo Kreiser Komposter
AU2498197A (en) * 1996-06-18 1998-01-08 Actew Corporation Ltd Solids separation and composting system
AU4521497A (en) * 1994-01-11 1998-02-12 Nigel Nattrass Method and apparatus for the treatment of organic matter
WO1998005606A1 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 L. N. Nattrass Trading Pty. Ltd. Ventilation pour decomposition de matiere organique

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2620977A1 (de) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-02 Posostron Ag Komposter fuer hausmuell und gartenabfaelle
US4105412A (en) * 1977-08-04 1978-08-08 Petzinger Manfred W A Portable compost container
EP0173502A2 (fr) * 1984-08-22 1986-03-05 John G. Laurenson, Jr. Système d'injection et d'évacuation d'air de compostage ayant une régulation d'air améliorée
DE3802499A1 (de) * 1987-05-19 1988-12-01 Georg Neumann Vorrichtung zum kompostieren organischer abfaelle
WO1993010060A1 (fr) * 1991-11-19 1993-05-27 Original Organics Limited Poubelles a compost
DE4205677A1 (de) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-26 Oskar Wolf Belueftungssaeule fuer muelltonne und komposthaufen
AU4132193A (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Robert William Coe Composting apparatus and method
WO1994000404A1 (fr) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-06 Cosmo Enterprise Co., Ltd. Appareil de liquefaction d'une substance organique
EP0585666A1 (fr) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-09 Joergen Fischer Recipient à compostage
WO1994006734A1 (fr) * 1992-09-14 1994-03-31 Dowmus Pty. Ltd. Procedes et appareil pour la destruction et le traitement des dechets
AU5276193A (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-14 Joy Sandra Cairns Organic liquid fertiliser bin
WO1994029241A1 (fr) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-22 Carl Johan Reincke Recipient de compostage
AU4521497A (en) * 1994-01-11 1998-02-12 Nigel Nattrass Method and apparatus for the treatment of organic matter
FR2718435A1 (fr) * 1994-03-30 1995-10-13 Schaijk Petrus Van Adrianus Bac pour le compostage de matières organiques.
AU3786395A (en) * 1994-11-17 1996-05-23 Ross Elliott Forsyth Decomposition apparatus
DE19604749A1 (de) * 1995-02-18 1996-08-22 Thilo Kreiser Komposter
AU2498197A (en) * 1996-06-18 1998-01-08 Actew Corporation Ltd Solids separation and composting system
WO1998005606A1 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 L. N. Nattrass Trading Pty. Ltd. Ventilation pour decomposition de matiere organique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 1993-285948; & SE 9103744 A (FLENSHAMMAR J) 19 June 1993. *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6576462B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2003-06-10 J. Michael Thompson Vermiculture composting device
EP2100866A2 (fr) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-16 George Kolevris dispositif de lombricompostage
EP2100866A3 (fr) * 2008-03-13 2011-11-16 George Kolevris dispositif de lombricompostage
WO2010090537A2 (fr) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-12 Benjamin Bell Lombricomposteur à écoulement continu
WO2010090537A3 (fr) * 2009-02-05 2010-09-30 Benjamin Bell Lombricomposteur à écoulement continu
US8642324B2 (en) 2009-02-05 2014-02-04 Low Impact Limited Continuous flow worm farm
FR2948359A1 (fr) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-28 Martial Lanoir Lombricomposteur
EP2354111A1 (fr) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-10 Mr.Anthony Gerard Callaghan Appareil de compostage
CN102870960A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2013-01-16 苏州大学 一种蝇蛆投放式餐厨垃圾处理装置

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