WO1993010060A1 - Poubelles a compost - Google Patents

Poubelles a compost Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993010060A1
WO1993010060A1 PCT/GB1992/002092 GB9202092W WO9310060A1 WO 1993010060 A1 WO1993010060 A1 WO 1993010060A1 GB 9202092 W GB9202092 W GB 9202092W WO 9310060 A1 WO9310060 A1 WO 9310060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compost
container
bin
worms
worm
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1992/002092
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Clive Winstanley Roberts
Original Assignee
Original Organics Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Original Organics Limited filed Critical Original Organics Limited
Priority to GB9410066A priority Critical patent/GB2276158B/en
Publication of WO1993010060A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993010060A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/0332—Earthworms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/907—Small-scale devices without mechanical means for feeding or discharging material, e.g. garden compost bins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compost bins and to methods of making compost.
  • worms feed on organic material, especially organic domestic refuse such as vegetable matter, whether as food waste or manufactured products such as paper or card.
  • a compost bin comprises a container having substantially opaque walls and closed lower end, the container having spaced above the closed lower end a perforated inner base, defining a sump region between the inner base and closed lower end and a compost forming region within the container above the inner base; a tap capable of draining liquid from the sump region; and a substantially opaque lid capable of closing the upper end of the container but removable therefrom.
  • compost forming material and/or previously made compost is placed on the inner base together with worms, either added to the material or, as is possible with previously made compost, in the compost itself, and fresh compost forming material is added.
  • the perforations in the inner base are large enough to allow adequate drainage of the compost but not so large as to let compost fall into the sump.
  • the worms consume the compost forming material converting it into compost.
  • water is released which percolates through the lower layers of compost and accumulates in the sump region. This water typically forms an aqueous mix containing dissolved and/or dispersed nutrients and is of value as a liquid fertilizer or plant feed. It can be withdrawn as desired from the sump region through the tap.
  • the aqueous mix is desirably withdrawn periodically to prevent the liquid level rising above the inner base and waterlogging the lower layers of compost.
  • the worms used can be any type of composting earth worm, but are desirably of the so-called manure worm type (a description of natural habitat rather than species).
  • manure worm type a description of natural habitat rather than species.
  • worms of the species Eisenia foetida also known as brandling or 'tiger' worms
  • Eisenia Andrei also known as the red worm.
  • the worms In starting the operation of the compost bin it is useful for the worms to be provided as mature worms, for example in compost in a suitable container. Worm eggs can also be included to further increase the worm population during the start up period.
  • the composting function can be started by placing compost forming material on the inner base and adding the worms. Further compost forming material can then be added to cover the worms.
  • a container of about 100 litres capacity can sustain a worm population sufficiently large to compost the vegetable organic rubbish from a typical family household. This level of activity is typically reached after about 3 weeks operation.
  • the nutrient value of this compost is typically much higher than for conventional composts so it will usually be used mixed with soil, sand etc to dilute it for use.
  • the composting worms are top feeders and tend to concentrate near the surface of the compost and/or organic matter in the bin. They also tend to be photophobic so, in use, the bin will be kept closed with the substantially opaque lid.
  • the lid desirably has ventilation holes but these will be small enough to prevent access to undesired insects such as house flies or bluebottles, which would find the organic material attractive as a food source and/or for egg laying (resulting in maggot infestation).
  • the ventilation holes may be backed with fine gauze, if desired, as a further precaution against insect entry.
  • the worms When the bin is full and the compost removed from it, the worms will typically mainly be in the top layer of compost, typically about 15cm deep. To assist re-starting the compost maker it is useful to set aside this top layer, remove the remaining compost for use and re-use the réellewhile top layer as the starting compost on the inner base when re-starting compost making.
  • the invention includes, as a specific feature, a worm collector comprising a body forming a container, which fits within the main compost bin container, having a perforated base, with holes large enough to allow worms through but small enough to retain compost within the worm collector, and a closure, particularly taking the form of a lid, preferably also having ventilation holes.
  • the worm collector In use, when the main bin is nearly full, the worm collector is placed in the main bin and compost forming material is placed in the collector to start forming compost within the collector. Once a layer of compost say 15cm deep is formed in the worm collector, most of the worms will be in the collector which can be easily lifted out of the main bin, the main bin emptied and the contents of the worm collector emptied into the main bin, on the inner base to act as the basis for renewed compost making.
  • the invention includes a method of making compost in the compost maker of the invention by introducing compost forming organic material into the compost maker in which there are active composting worms, particularly Eisenia foetida and/or Eisenia Andrei.
  • the invention includes a kit of parts for a compost maker comprising:
  • a container bin having substantially opaque walls and a hole in one side wall near the base; a substantially opaque lid for the container bin, preferably having ventilation holes; a tap for closing the hole in the side wall; a perforated inner base for the container; and composting worms and/or eggs thereof.
  • a preferred kit further includes a worm collector comprising a body forming a container fitting within the container bin and having a perforated base and provided with a lid or other closure.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic cross- section of a compost maker in operation and Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-section of the upper part of a compost maker including a removable worm collector.
  • the main body(l) is provided by a bin, typically made of thermoplastic material such as low density polyethylene.
  • the main body(l) typically has a volume of 20 to 200 litres, depending on use requirements and is generally rectangular or circular in cross section, but if rectangular the corners will usually be rounded for good impact resistance, particularly as the main body(l) will typically be made by injection or rotary moulding.
  • the main body(l) is provided with an inner base(2) which is perforated.
  • the inner base(2) is positioned at a convenient height, typically about 20cm above the inside of the base of the main body, and, together with the main body below it defines a sump region(3).
  • a tap(4) is provided in the wall of the main body(l), typically about 10cm above the base of the main body, to provide a means of draining liquid from the sump region(3).
  • the compost maker is further provided with a lid(5), typically of thermoplastic or rubber material, which will usually be made well fitting to exclude vermin and undesired insects from, and minimise the light admitted to the inside of the compost maker.
  • the lid(5) is provided with ventilation holes(6) sufficiently small to exclude undesired insects.
  • the ventilation holes may be backed with fine gauze, if desired, as a further precaution against insect entry.
  • compost forming organic matter is placed in the bin where worms in the compost below will consume the organic matter and convert it into compost.
  • freshly added organic matter(7) lies on compost (8).
  • the top layer(9) of the compost typically about 15cm deep, is the zone in which the worms are concentrated and most active.
  • typical compost forming organic matter releases significant amounts of water which drain through the compost into the sump region from which it can be removed from the compost maker through tap(4).
  • the water which drains through the compost dissolves or suspends nutrients from the organic material and/or compost to give a solution (or suspension) of value as a liquid fertiliser for plants. It is desirable to avoid the water level rising up as far as the inner base(2) as this may lead to the compost becoming waterlogged. When the level of compost in the compost maker is not high, such waterlogging may drown the worms thus stopping compost formation.
  • the compost maker can be started, particularly the first time, by placing a thin layer of compost forming organic material, preferably relatively dry material such as shredded paper, on the inner base(2) putting worms and/or worm eggs on the paper and adding a further thin layer of compost forming organic material, particularly domestic vegetable refuse, and leaving the compost maker for a few days to allow the worms to become fully active.
  • a thin layer of compost forming organic material preferably relatively dry material such as shredded paper
  • a further thin layer of compost forming organic material particularly domestic vegetable refuse
  • the worms tend to live mainly in the upper layer of compost and the layer of compost forming material on top. Although the worms live in the upper layer(s) of compost/compost forming material, they tend to be, and Eisenia foetida and Eisenia Andrei are, photophobic, so the lid(5) is best put in place, apart from loading compost forming material, so as to avoid driving the worms deep into the compost( ⁇ ) and away from compost forming material(7). When the compost bin is full of compost, and the organic compost forming material composted, the worms can be removed by scooping out the top layer of compost, say to about 15cm deep, separately emptying the bin of compost and using the previous top layer as starter material for the next operating cycle.
  • a worm collector can be used to hold the worm rich top layer in the final stages of the operating cycle.
  • Figure 2 illustrates such a worm collector and its operation.
  • the compost bin(l) is nearly filled (in the Figure the effective 'headroom' inside the bin is exaggerated for clarity of illustration) with compost(8) and a worm collector is in the bin(l) holding the top layer of compost.
  • the worm collector comprises a body(l ⁇ ) fitting within the bin(l) and typically about 15cm deep having a perforated base(ll).
  • the holes in base(ll) are large enough to allow worms from the compost(8) to compost forming material put in the worm collector.
  • the worm collector has the worm rich top layer of compost(12) within it and has a ventilated lid on top.
  • the lid serves to reduce the effect of illumination within the compost bin, which might otherwise drive the worms back into the compost(8) below the worm collector.
  • the worm collector When emptying the bin, the worm collector can be lifted out more easily and stored, prior to use in re-starting compost making, more readily than a 'loose' top layer of compost.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Système permettant de produire du compost comprenant une cuve (1) constituée d'une base (2) interne perforée définissant une zone (3) de fond pourvue d'un robinet (4) servant à évacuer le liquide formé pendant la fabrication du compost, et d'une zone dans laquelle se forme le compost qui est fermée par un couvercle (5). On fabrique le compost en introduisant dans la zone dans laquelle se forme le compost, des vers, plus spécifiquement des vers appartenant aux espèces Eisenia Foetida et/ou Eisenia Andrei, et des matières organiques formant du compost. Les vers mangent la matière organique et produisent du compost. Le système de production de compost peut comprendre un collecteur de vers comportant une cuve à base perforée et une cuve qui sert, en mode d'utilisation à poursuivre la fabrication du compost de manière à attirer les vers dans le collecteur de vers pour permettre de vider la poubelle principale et de recommencer la fabrication du compost avec les vers fournis par le collecteur de vers.
PCT/GB1992/002092 1991-11-19 1992-11-11 Poubelles a compost WO1993010060A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9410066A GB2276158B (en) 1991-11-19 1992-11-11 Compost bins

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9124509.2 1991-11-19
GB9124509A GB9124509D0 (en) 1991-11-19 1991-11-19 Compost bins

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993010060A1 true WO1993010060A1 (fr) 1993-05-27

Family

ID=10704839

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/002092 WO1993010060A1 (fr) 1991-11-19 1992-11-11 Poubelles a compost

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2924592A (fr)
GB (2) GB9124509D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993010060A1 (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994006734A1 (fr) * 1992-09-14 1994-03-31 Dowmus Pty. Ltd. Procedes et appareil pour la destruction et le traitement des dechets
WO1995007872A1 (fr) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-23 Dowmus Pty. Ltd. Procede et appareil pour l'elimination et le traitement des dechets
FR2718435A1 (fr) * 1994-03-30 1995-10-13 Schaijk Petrus Van Adrianus Bac pour le compostage de matières organiques.
GB2290936A (en) * 1994-07-05 1996-01-17 Garry Clifford Lomas Worm screen
WO1996025374A1 (fr) * 1995-02-17 1996-08-22 Bioglobe Ab Procede et appareils d'epuration biologique de detritus
EP0853878A1 (fr) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-22 Ecoflor S.r.l. Installation pour l'élevage de lombrics
WO1998045229A1 (fr) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-15 Victor Micsunescu Procede et dispositif pour recycler des dechets organiques
WO1999062844A1 (fr) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-09 Tasmanian Agricultural Renewal Research Company International Pty. Ltd. Appareil de compostage
WO2002020428A1 (fr) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-14 Aso Holdings Pty Ltd Installation, systeme et procede de traitement ameliore pour matieres organiques
WO2003007701A3 (fr) * 2001-07-14 2003-05-01 Seabait Ltd Aquaculture de vers marins
WO2012001507A1 (fr) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-05 Ridgway Regina S Biome dans un système de boîte
CN104029962A (zh) * 2014-06-22 2014-09-10 林庆 一种余厨发酵垃圾桶
WO2015173804A1 (fr) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-19 Caesar Avraham Appareil de récolte de vers
WO2016156890A1 (fr) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Йожеф ПАСТОР Procédé de production de compost par des vers de terre
CN106007836A (zh) * 2014-02-26 2016-10-12 杨季冬 一种堆肥装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU737050B2 (en) * 1994-01-11 2001-08-09 Nigel Nattrass Method and apparatus for the treatment of organic matter
AUPP754398A0 (en) 1998-12-04 1999-01-07 Morrison, Michael Method and apparatus for compsting
GB9919804D0 (en) * 1999-08-21 1999-10-27 Davies Jessica K M Production of an organic horticultural growing medium

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105412A (en) * 1977-08-04 1978-08-08 Petzinger Manfred W A Portable compost container
DE8807910U1 (fr) * 1988-06-18 1988-08-11 Meijer, Hans-Georg, 4475 Soegel, De
GB2240456A (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-08-07 Univ Open Earthworm production and inoculation of soils

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUT52017A (en) * 1988-12-02 1990-06-28 Koernyezetvedoe Innovacios Es Process for production of biohumus, especially in policulture of soil-forming organisms

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105412A (en) * 1977-08-04 1978-08-08 Petzinger Manfred W A Portable compost container
DE8807910U1 (fr) * 1988-06-18 1988-08-11 Meijer, Hans-Georg, 4475 Soegel, De
GB2240456A (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-08-07 Univ Open Earthworm production and inoculation of soils

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPIL Section Ch, Week 9033, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class C04, AN 90-249137 *

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2286208B (en) * 1992-09-14 1996-08-28 Dowmus Pty Ltd A method and apparatus for wastewater filtration and simultaneous solid organic waste treatment
GB2286208A (en) * 1992-09-14 1995-08-09 Dowmus Pty Ltd Methods and apparatus for disposal and treatment of waste
WO1994006734A1 (fr) * 1992-09-14 1994-03-31 Dowmus Pty. Ltd. Procedes et appareil pour la destruction et le traitement des dechets
CN1098235C (zh) * 1992-09-14 2003-01-08 道马斯有限公司 同时处理废水和固体有机废物的方法
AP491A (en) * 1992-09-14 1996-05-09 Dowmus Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for disposal and treatment of waste.
US5633163A (en) * 1992-09-14 1997-05-27 Dowmus Pty Ltd Method for treating wastewater and solid organic waste
WO1995007872A1 (fr) * 1993-09-13 1995-03-23 Dowmus Pty. Ltd. Procede et appareil pour l'elimination et le traitement des dechets
BE1010197A3 (nl) * 1994-03-30 1998-02-03 Schaijk Petrus Adrianus Van Bak voor het composteren van organisch materiaal.
FR2718435A1 (fr) * 1994-03-30 1995-10-13 Schaijk Petrus Van Adrianus Bac pour le compostage de matières organiques.
GB2290936A (en) * 1994-07-05 1996-01-17 Garry Clifford Lomas Worm screen
GB2290936B (en) * 1994-07-05 1998-03-11 Garry Clifford Lomas Worm screen
WO1996025374A1 (fr) * 1995-02-17 1996-08-22 Bioglobe Ab Procede et appareils d'epuration biologique de detritus
EP0853878A1 (fr) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-22 Ecoflor S.r.l. Installation pour l'élevage de lombrics
WO1998045229A1 (fr) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-15 Victor Micsunescu Procede et dispositif pour recycler des dechets organiques
WO1999062844A1 (fr) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-09 Tasmanian Agricultural Renewal Research Company International Pty. Ltd. Appareil de compostage
WO2002020428A1 (fr) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-14 Aso Holdings Pty Ltd Installation, systeme et procede de traitement ameliore pour matieres organiques
WO2003007701A3 (fr) * 2001-07-14 2003-05-01 Seabait Ltd Aquaculture de vers marins
GB2383934A (en) * 2001-07-14 2003-07-16 Seabait Ltd Aquaculture of marine worms
GB2383934B (en) * 2001-07-14 2003-11-26 Seabait Ltd Aquaculture of marine worms
US7004109B2 (en) 2001-07-14 2006-02-28 Seabait Limited Aquaculture of marine worms
US7156048B2 (en) 2001-07-14 2007-01-02 Seabait Limited Aquaculture of marine worms
US8251017B2 (en) 2009-07-02 2012-08-28 Ridgway Regina S Biome in a box system
WO2012001507A1 (fr) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-05 Ridgway Regina S Biome dans un système de boîte
CN106007836A (zh) * 2014-02-26 2016-10-12 杨季冬 一种堆肥装置
CN106007836B (zh) * 2014-02-26 2019-03-15 杨季冬 一种堆肥装置
WO2015173804A1 (fr) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-19 Caesar Avraham Appareil de récolte de vers
US10450238B2 (en) 2014-05-12 2019-10-22 Avraham CAESAR Worm harvesting apparatus
CN104029962A (zh) * 2014-06-22 2014-09-10 林庆 一种余厨发酵垃圾桶
WO2016156890A1 (fr) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Йожеф ПАСТОР Procédé de production de compost par des vers de terre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2276158A (en) 1994-09-21
GB2276158B (en) 1996-01-31
GB9410066D0 (en) 1994-07-27
GB9124509D0 (en) 1992-01-08
AU2924592A (en) 1993-06-15

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