WO1999038948A1 - Mehrphasige waschmitteltabletten - Google Patents
Mehrphasige waschmitteltabletten Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999038948A1 WO1999038948A1 PCT/EP1998/006403 EP9806403W WO9938948A1 WO 1999038948 A1 WO1999038948 A1 WO 1999038948A1 EP 9806403 W EP9806403 W EP 9806403W WO 9938948 A1 WO9938948 A1 WO 9938948A1
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- Prior art keywords
- detergent
- surfactant
- phase
- molded article
- weight
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
- C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
- C11D17/0073—Tablets
- C11D17/0078—Multilayered tablets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to multi-phase detergent tablets.
- the invention relates to multi-phase detergent tablets which are used for washing textiles in a household washing machine and are referred to as detergent tablets for short.
- EP-A-0 466 485 (Unilever) describes detergent tablets which have arisen from the compression of two granules containing surfactant.
- One granulate contains the total amount of anionic surfactants, while the second surfactant granulate is preferably free of anionic surfactants.
- This document also does not comment on hardness and / or decay depending on the phase composition.
- the present invention was based on the object of providing multiphase detergent tablets which overcome the disadvantages mentioned.
- multi-phase detergent tablets are to be provided which have a high hardness and a high rate of disintegration and dissolution in all phases, regardless of how much the surfactant contents vary in the individual phases.
- multiphase detergent tablets can be produced with an outstanding property profile if, with varying surfactant contents in the individual phases, the more surfactant-rich phase (s) are added during the preparation of the premix to be pressed be as the less surfactant phase (s).
- the invention now relates to two-phase or multi-phase detergent tablets made of compressed particulate detergent and detergent, comprising surfactant (s), builder (s) and, if appropriate, further detergent and cleaning agent components in which the surfactant content of the individual phases of the tablets is more than 3% by weight, based on the weight of the individual phase, varies, the phase (s) with the higher surfactant content containing a component with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g in higher amounts than in the / the Phase (s) with lower surfactant content.
- the variation in the surfactant content by more than 3% by weight means that the absolute values of the surfactant content in the phases vary by more than 3% by weight. So if one phase contains 20% by weight of surfactant (s), the surfactant content of the other phase (s) must be selected so that the range of variation by the value 20 is more than 3% by weight.
- the percentage numerical value of the surfactant content of the surfactant-poor phase is subtracted from the percentage numerical value of the surfactant content of the respective surfactant-rich phase, the result having to be> 3 from phase to phase. In a four-phase tablet, this would be at a surfactant level of 12% by weight in the surfactant-most phase means that the next phases have, for example, surfactant contents of 15.1% by weight, 18.2% by weight and 21.3% by weight.
- a phase is completely free from surfactants (corresponding to a surfactant content of 0% by weight, based on this phase).
- the next phase must then - in order to meet the criteria according to the invention - have a surfactant content of more than 3% by weight.
- the individual phases of the detergent tablets according to the invention contain increasing proportions of a component with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g, with the proviso that the phase which is more rich in tenis has a higher proportion of this component in relation to the overall composition of the phase .
- the content of the component (s) in the more surfactant-rich phase with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g is at least 0.3% by weight, preferably at least 0.5% by weight and in particular by at least 1% by weight, based on the weight of the individual phase, is higher than in the phase (s) lower in surfactant.
- the facts can be clarified as follows:
- the phase with the lowest surfactant contains 1.5% by weight of the component with an oil absorption capacity of more than 20 g / 100g
- the second phase would contain at least 1.8% by weight (preferably 2.0% by weight and in particular 2.5% by weight) of this component.
- the content of the component in the third phase with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g depends on the real content of this component in the second phase - here too the difference is preferably at least 0.3% by weight, more preferably at least 0, 5% by weight and in particular at least 1.0% by weight.
- washing and cleaning Means of shaped tablets are preferred in which the quantitative ratio of the component with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g between the individual phases is greater than the quantitative ratio of the surfactants between the relevant phases.
- the second phase compared to the first contains so much of the component with an oil absorption capacity of more than 20g / 100g that the ratio of this component in the two phases is greater than 1.26.
- phase 1 contains 1.5% by weight of the component with an oil absorption capacity of more than 20 g / 100 g
- phase 2 should be more than 1.26 times this value, i.e. at least 1.9% by weight of this component contain.
- the contents of the other phases of these substances can be varied so that they meet the criteria mentioned.
- the formation of ratios makes no mathematical sense, which is why absolute values are used here in the sense of the preferred embodiments of the present invention explained above.
- the oil absorption components contained in the individual surfactant-containing phases of the molded body have an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g.
- Detergent tablets are preferred in which the component they contain has an oil absorption capacity of at least 50g / 100g, preferably at least 80g / 100g, particularly preferably at least 120g / 100g and in particular at least 140g / 100g
- the oil absorption capacity is a physical property of a substance that can be determined using standardized methods.
- the British standard methods BS1795 and BS3483: Part B7.1982 exist, both of which refer to the ISO 787/5 standard.
- a balanced sample of the substance in question is placed on a plate and added dropwise with refined linseed oil (density: 0.93 gcm-3) moved from a burette.
- the powder is thoroughly mixed with the oil using a spatula, the addition of oil being continued until a paste of smooth consistency is obtained. This paste should flow or run without crumbling.
- the oil absorption capacity is now the amount of the added oil, based on 100g absorbent and is given in ml / 100g or g / lOOg, whereby conversions about the density of the linseed oil are easily possible.
- the oil absorption component preferably has the smallest possible average particle size, since the active surface increases with decreasing particle size.
- Preferred detergent tablets contain a component with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g, which has an average particle size of less than 50 ⁇ m, preferably less than 20 ⁇ m and in particular less than 10 ⁇ m.
- a large number of substances are suitable as an oil absorption component.
- inorganic and organic substances that have a sufficiently large oil absorption capacity.
- examples include finely divided substances that are obtained by precipitation.
- silicates, aluminosilicates, calcium silicates, magnesium silicates and calcium carbonate are used as substances.
- Diatomaceous earth (diatomaceous earth) and finely divided cellulose fibers or derivatives thereof can also be used in the context of the present invention.
- Preferred detergent tablets are characterized in that the component contained in them with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g is selected from silicates and / or aluminosilicates, in particular from the group of silicas and / or zeolites.
- finely divided zeolites can be used, but also pyrogenic silicas (Aerosil ® ) or silicas that have been obtained by precipitation.
- the individual phases of the molded body can have different spatial shapes within the scope of the present invention.
- the simplest possible implementation is in two- or multi-layer tablets, with each layer of the molded body representing a phase.
- ring-core tablets coated tablets or combinations of the above-mentioned embodiments are possible, for example.
- Examples of multi-phase molded bodies can be found in the illustrations in EP-A-0 055 100 (Jeyes), which describes toilet cleaning blocks.
- the currently most widespread spatial form of multi-phase tablets is the two- or multi-layer tablet. In the context of the present invention it is therefore preferred that the phases of the molded body have the shape of layers.
- the surfactant content of the individual phases of the molded body varies by more than 3% by weight, based on the weight of the individual phase, and that the surfactant-rich phase (s) contain more oil absorption component than the lower surfactant component (n) phase (s).
- the surfactant content the sum of the surfactants contained in the phase in question is used, regardless of the type of surfactant involved. For example, if a phase contains anionic and nonionic surfactants, the total surfactant content of the phase is the sum of the amounts of anionic and nonionic surfactants.
- the surfactants can be incorporated into the individual phases of the molded body in pure form. This is easily possible, for example, with soaps or other easily workable surfactants. With many surfactants, however, it is advisable not to incorporate the pure surfactants, but rather surfactant compounds. These compounds, which should have as high a surfactant content as possible depending on the application, can be produced by conventional processes such as spray drying, granulation or compounding. Of course, a combination of several surfactant granules or a combination of surfactant granules (s) with pure surfactants is also possible.
- the surfactant (s) are introduced into the phases of the molded body via granules (s) containing surfactant.
- surfactant granules can now be used for each phase. But it is also possible that each phase has its own The surfactant content comes from a single granulate, which is thus contained in all phases of the molded body. In the context of the present invention, this is a further preferred embodiment in which the same surfactant granules are used in all phases of the molded article.
- the simplest conceivable embodiment of the present invention now provides a two-phase tablet in which the phases are present as layers and in which the same surfactant granules are used in different amounts in both layers.
- These molded articles which have two layers and contain the same surfactant granulate, can be easily produced in conventional tablet presses.
- Anionic, nonionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants or mixtures of these can be used in the detergent tablets according to the invention. Mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants are preferred from an application point of view.
- the total surfactant content of the molded article is from 5 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the molded article, with surfactant contents above 15% by weight being preferred.
- Anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
- Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9 _ I3 -Alkylbenzolsul- sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkane sulfonates and disulfide, as they are with terminal or internal double bond by, for example, from monoolefins C 12.I8 Sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products is considered.
- Alkanesulfonates which are derived from C 12 are also suitable.
- esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters.
- Fatty acid glycerol esters are to be understood as the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures, as is the case with Preparation can be obtained by esterification of a monoglycerin with 1 to 3 mol of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 mol of glycerol.
- Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfie products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.
- Alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and especially the sodium salts of Schwefelklareschester the C 12 -C I8 fatty alcohols are, for example, from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol, or C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned, which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which have a degradation behavior similar to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
- C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 5 alkyl sulfates as well as C 14 -C 15 alkyl sulfates are preferred from the point of view of washing technology.
- 2,3-alkyl sulfates which are produced for example according to U.S. Patent No. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ® are surfactants suitable anion.
- 21 alcohols such as 2-methyl-branched C 9. ⁇ alcohols containing on average 3.5 mol ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 . ⁇ 8 fatty alcohols containing 1 to 4 EO, are also suitable. Because of their high foaming behavior, they are used in cleaning agents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
- Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8] 8 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures thereof.
- Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves considered non-ionic surfactants (description see below).
- alk (en) ylsuccinic acid with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.
- Soaps are particularly suitable as further anionic surfactants.
- Saturated fatty acid soaps are suitable, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular from natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or taig fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.
- the anionic surfactants can be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and also as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
- the anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
- the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- EO ethylene oxide
- alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are particularly preferred.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12 . 14 - alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9 . ⁇ alcohol with 7 EO, C and 15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12 . 18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C 12 . 14 alcohol with 3 EO and C I2 . 18 - alcohol with 5 EO.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow ranks ethoxylates, NRE).
- fatty alcohols can also be used with more be used as 12 EO. Examples of this are tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
- alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x can also be used as further nonionic surfactants, in which R denotes a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
- the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; x is preferably 1.2 to 1.4.
- nonionic surfactants which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated, fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl ester, as described for example in Japanese patent application JP 58/217598 or which are preferably produced by the process described in international patent application WO-A-90/13533.
- Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-coconut alkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can also be suitable.
- the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half of them.
- Suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),
- the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
- the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)
- R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 1 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- C M alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred
- [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propylated, derivatives thereof Rest.
- [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example according to the teaching of international application WO-A-95/07331, be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.
- detergent tablets are preferred which contain anionic (s) and nonionic (s) surfactant (s), with application technology Advantages from certain proportions in which the individual surfactant classes are used can result.
- detergent tablets are particularly preferred in which the ratio of anionic surfactant (s) to nonionic surfactant (s) is between 10: 1 and 1:10, preferably between 7.5: 1 and 1: 5 and in particular between 5: 1 and 1: 2.
- detergent tablets Similar to nonionic surfactants, the omission of anionic surfactants from individual or all phases can result in detergent tablets which are more suitable for certain areas of application. It is therefore also conceivable within the scope of the present invention for detergent tablets to be made in which at least one phase of the tablet is free from anionic surfactants.
- the washing and cleaning agent shaped bodies according to the invention can contain all builders normally used in washing and cleaning agents, in particular thus zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic co-builders and — where there are no ecological prejudices against their use — also the phosphates.
- Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi_O 2x + 1 ⁇ 2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2, 3 or 4.
- Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-A-0 164 514.
- Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M represents sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3.
- M represents sodium
- x assumes the values 2 or 3.
- both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicate Na ⁇ Si ⁇ "yH 2 O are preferred, wherein ⁇ -sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the method described in international patent application WO-A-91/08171.
- sodium silicates with a modulus of Na, O: SiO 2 from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which are delayed release and have secondary washing properties.
- the delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying.
- the term “amo ⁇ h” is also understood to mean “roentgenamo ⁇ h”.
- silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not provide sharp X-ray reflections as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle.
- it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles deliver washed-out or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments.
- This is to be integrated in such a way that the products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred.
- Such so-called X-ray silicates which also have a delay in dissolution compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in German patent application DE-A-44 00 024. Particularly preferred are compressed / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray silicates.
- the finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
- zeolite P zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred.
- zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are also suitable.
- the zeolite can be used both as a builder in a granular compound and can also be used for a kind of "powdering" of the entire mixture to be ve ⁇ ressed, usually both ways of inco ⁇ oration of the zeolite in the premix.
- Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
- phosphates as builder substances, provided that such use should not be avoided for ecological reasons.
- the sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and in particular tripolyphosphates are particularly suitable.
- Usable organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids that can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), as long as such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these.
- Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.
- disintegration aids so-called tablet disintegrants
- Tablet disintegrants or accelerators of disintegration are used according to Römpp (9th edition, vol. 6, p. 4440) and Voigt "Textbook of pharmaceutical technology ' ' '(6th edition, 1987, p. 182-184) understood auxiliary substances necessary for the rapid disintegration of tablets in water or gastric juice and ensure the release of the pharmaceuticals in an absorbable form.
- Preferred detergent tablets contain 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular 4 to 6% by weight of one or more disintegration auxiliaries, in each case based on the molded article weight.
- Disintegrants based on cellulose are used as preferred disintegrants in the context of the present invention, so that preferred washing and cleaning agent shaped bodies such a disintegrant based on cellulose in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular 4 contain up to 6 wt .-%.
- Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C 6 H, 0 O 5 ) n and, viewed formally, is a ß-1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of approximately 500 to 5000 glucose units and consequently have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000.
- Cellulose-based disintegrants which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives which can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions.
- Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxyl hydrogen atoms have been substituted.
- celluloses in which the hydroxyl groups against functional groups that do not have an oxygen atom are bound, replaced, can be used as cellulose derivatives.
- the group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali celluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses.
- the cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as a cellulose-based disintegrant, but are used in a mixture with cellulose.
- the content of cellulose derivatives in these mixtures is preferably below 50% by weight, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on the cellulose-based disintegrant. Pure cellulose which is free of cellulose derivatives is particularly preferably used as the disintegrant based on cellulose.
- the cellulose used as disintegration aid is preferably not used in finely divided form, but is converted into a coarser form, for example granulated or compacted, before being added to the premixes to be treated.
- Detergent tablets containing disintegrants in granular or, if appropriate, cogranulated form are described in German patent applications DE 197 09 991 (Stefan Herzog) and DE 197 10 254 (Henkel) and in international patent application PCT / EP 98/1203 (Henkel) . These documents can also be found in more detail on the production of granulated, compacted or cogranulated cellulose disintegrants.
- the particle sizes of such disintegrants are usually above 200 ⁇ m, preferably at least 90% by weight between 300 and 1600 ⁇ m and in particular at least 90% by weight between 400 and 1200 ⁇ m.
- the above and described in more detail in the documents cited coarser disintegration aids, are preferred as disintegration aids and are commercially available, for example under the name of Arbocel ® TF-30-HG from Rettenmaier available in the present invention.
- Microcrystalline cellulose can be used as a further cellulose-based disintegrant or as a component of this component.
- This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which only attack and completely dissolve the amorphous areas (approx. 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses, but leave the crystalline areas (approx. 70%) undamaged.
- a successor The disaggregation of the microfine celluloses resulting from the hydrolysis provides the microcrystalline celluloses which have primary particle sizes of approximately 5 ⁇ m and can be compacted, for example, to granules with an average particle size of 200 ⁇ m.
- Detergent tablets which additionally contain a disintegration aid, preferably a cellulose-based disintegration aid, preferably in granular, cogranulated or compacted form, in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular of 4 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the molded body, are particularly preferred in the context of the present invention.
- a disintegration aid preferably a cellulose-based disintegration aid, preferably in granular, cogranulated or compacted form, in amounts of 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular of 4 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the molded body, are particularly preferred in the context of the present invention.
- the usual way of producing detergent tablets is therefore based on powdery components (“primary particles”) which are agglomerated or granulated by suitable processes to form secondary particles with a larger particle diameter. These granules or mixtures of different granules are then mixed with individual powdery additives and fed to the tableting. Depending on the design of the phases of the multi-phase detergent tablets, the die is gradually filled with different premixes. In the manufacture of multi-layer tablets, a slight application of pressure can be made between the pre-mix filling for the next layer Have advantages. In the production of ring-core shaped bodies or coated tablets, such pre-evaporation with shaping is almost indispensable.
- Preferred detergent tablets in the context of the present invention are obtained by squeezing particulate premixes from at least one surfactant-containing granulate and at least one subsequently admixed powdery component.
- the surfactant-containing granules can be produced using conventional granulation processes such as mixer and plate granulation, fluidized bed granulation, extrusion, pelletizing or compacting. It is advantageous for the later detergent tablets if the premixes to be ve ⁇ ressen have a bulk density that comes close to the usual compact detergent. In particular, it is preferred that the premix to be ve ⁇ ress has a bulk density of at least 500 g / 1, preferably at least 600 g / 1 and in particular above 700 g / 1.
- detergent tablets are preferred in which the granules have particle sizes between 10 and 4000 ⁇ m, preferably between 100 and 2000 ⁇ m and in particular between 600 and 1400 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of the subsequently admixed powder-like treatment components can also be varied, preference being given to detergent tablets in which the subsequently admixed powder-like component (s) contain the component with an oil absorption capacity of at least 20 g / 100 g.
- the premix Before the particulate premix is pressed into detergent tablets, the premix can be "powdered” with finely divided surface treatment agents. This can be of advantage for the quality and physical properties of both the premix (storage, molding) as well as the finished detergent tablets. Finely divided powdering agents are well known in the art, mostly zeolites, silicates or other inorganic salts being used. However, the premix is preferably “powdered” with finely divided zeolite, zeolites of the faujasite type being preferred. Within the scope of the present invention The term "faujasite-type zeolite" denotes all three zeolites which form the faujasite subgroup of zeolite structure group 4 (compare Donald W.
- Mixtures or cocrystallizates of faujasite-type zeolites with other zeolites which do not necessarily have to belong to structure group 4 of the zeolite can also be used as powdering agents, it being advantageous if at least 50% by weight of the powdering agent is removed a zeolite of the faujasite type.
- powdering agents can of course have an oil absorption capacity of more than 20 g / 100 g, whereby they can replace or supplement the oil absorption component. If the powdering agents are used in addition to the oil absorption components and have an oil absorption capacity of more than 20g / 100g, they must of course be taken into account when calculating the proportion in the individual phases.
- detergent tablets consist of a particulate premix which contains granular components and subsequently admixed powdery substances, the or one of the subsequently admixed powdery components being a zeolite of the faujasite type with particle sizes below 100 ⁇ m, is preferably below 10 ⁇ m and in particular below 5 ⁇ m and makes up at least 0.2% by weight, preferably at least 0.5% by weight and in particular more than 1% by weight of the premix to be eaten.
- the finely divided processing components with the above-mentioned particle sizes can be dry mixed into the premix to be treated. However, it is also possible and preferred to "stick" them to the surface of the coarser particles by adding small amounts of liquid substances.
- Non-ionic surfactants for example, can be used as liquid components which are suitable for promoting adhesion of the powdering agents or aqueous solutions of surfactants or other detergent and cleaning agent ingredients.
- perfume for example, it is preferred to use perfume as the liquid adhesion promoter between the finely divided powdering agent and the coarse-grained particles.
- the detergent tablets according to the invention can contain further ingredients customary in detergents and cleaning agents from the group of bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, fragrances, perfume carriers, fluorescent agents, dyes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti-redeposition agents, optical agents Brighteners, graying inhibitors, color transfer inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors included.
- bleaching agents which serve as bleaching agents and supply H 2 O 2 in water
- sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance.
- Further bleaching agents which can be used are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O 2 -producing peracid salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
- bleach activators can be incorporated as the sole constituent or as an ingredient of component b).
- Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid.
- Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
- Multi-acylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular l, 5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-l, 3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N- Acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenol sulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofi ⁇ ran.
- TAED tetra
- bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the moldings.
- These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes.
- Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can also be used as bleaching catalysts.
- Suitable enzymes are those from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases or mixtures thereof. Enzymatic active substances obtained from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus are particularly suitable. Proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases which are obtained from Bacillus lentus are preferably used.
- Enzyme mixtures for example of protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or of cellulase and lipase or of protease, amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but in particular mixtures containing cellulase, are of particular interest.
- Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases.
- the enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in coating substances in order to protect them against premature decomposition.
- the proportion of enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the shaped bodies according to the invention can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight.
- the detergent tablets can also contain components that positively influence the oil and fat washability from textiles (so-called soil repellents). This effect becomes particularly clear when a textile is soiled that has already been washed several times beforehand with a detergent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component.
- the preferred oil and fat-dissolving components include, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30% by weight.
- hydroxypropoxyl groups 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether, and also the polymers of phthalic acid and or terephthalic acid or of their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and or nonionically modified derivatives thereof.
- the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid polymers are particularly preferred.
- the shaped bodies can contain derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or their alkali metal salts as optical brighteners. Suitable are e.g. Salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-mo ⁇ holino-l, 3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or compounds of the same structure which, instead of the Mo ⁇ holino group, have a diethanolamino group , a methyl amino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group.
- brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyryl type may be present, e.g.
- Dyes and fragrances are added to the agents according to the invention in order to improve the aesthetic impression of the products and, in addition to the softness, to provide the consumer with a visually and sensorially "typical and unmistakable" product.
- Individual fragrance compounds for example the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type, can be used as perfume oils or fragrances.
- Fragrance compounds of the ester type are, for example, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbyl acetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalyl benzoate, benzyl formate, ethyl methylphenyl glycinate, allyl cyclohexyl benzylatepylpionate, allyl cyclohexyl propyl pionate.
- the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether
- the aldehydes include, for example, the linear alkanals with 8-18 C atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal
- the ketones include, for example, the ionones, oc-isomethylionone and methyl - cedryl ketone, the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and te ⁇ ineol
- the hydrocarbons mainly include the te ⁇ enes like lime and pinene.
- Perfume oils of this type can also contain natural fragrance mixtures such as are obtainable from plant sources, for example pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil. Also suitable are muscatel, sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, lentil flower oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.
- the dye content of the plasticizers according to the invention is usually less than 0.01% by weight, while fragrances can make up up to 2% by weight of the entire formulation.
- the fragrances can be incorporated directly into the agents according to the invention, but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to carriers which increase the adhesion of the perfume to the laundry and ensure a long-lasting fragrance of the textiles due to a slower fragrance release.
- Cyclodextrins for example, have proven useful as such carrier materials, and the cyclodextrin-perfume complexes can additionally be coated with further auxiliaries.
- the detergent tablets can be colored with suitable dyes.
- Preferred dyes the selection of which is not difficult for the person skilled in the art, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the compositions and to light, and no pronounced substantivity towards textile fibers in order not to dye them. Since the subject matter of the present invention relates to multi-phase detergent tablets, the coloring of individual phases is of greater importance in order to underline the different active character of individual phases. Examples of the effectiveness of such coloring and of the success of statements on this are well known from the denture cleaner advertising.
- the molded articles according to the invention are initially produced by dry mixing the constituents of the individual phases, which can be wholly or partially pre-granulated, and then providing information, in particular compresses to tablets, whereby conventional methods for producing multi-phase molded articles can be used.
- the premixes are compressed in a so-called die between two punches to form a solid compressed product. This process, which is briefly referred to below as tabletting, is divided into four sections: metering, compression (elastic deformation), plastic deformation and ejection.
- Tableting takes place in commercially available tablet presses, which can in principle be equipped with single or double punches. In the latter case, not only is the upper stamp used to build up pressure, the lower stamp also moves towards the upper stamp during the pressing process, while the upper stamp presses down.
- eccentric tablet presses are preferably used, in which the punch or stamps are fastened to an eccentric disc, which in turn is mounted on an axis with a certain rotational speed. The movement of these rams is comparable to that of a conventional four-stroke engine.
- the pressing can take place with one upper and one lower stamp, but several stamps can also be attached to one eccentric disc, the number of die holes being correspondingly increased.
- the throughputs of eccentric presses vary depending on the type from a few hundred to a maximum of 3000 tablets per hour.
- rotary tablet presses are selected in which a larger number of dies is arranged in a circle on a so-called die table.
- the number of matrices varies between 6 and 55 depending on the model, although larger matrices are also commercially available.
- Each die on the die table is assigned an upper and lower punch, and again the pressure can be built up actively only by the upper or lower punch, but also by both stamps.
- the die table and the stamps move about a common vertical axis, the stamps being used with the aid of rail-like curved tracks during the rotation in the positions for filling, compaction, static deformation and discharge.
- these cam tracks are supported by additional low-pressure pieces, low-pressure rails and lifting tracks.
- the die is filled via a rigidly arranged feed device, the so-called filling shoe, which is connected to a supply jar for the premixes.
- the pressing pressure on the respective premix can be individually adjusted via the pressing paths for the upper and lower punches, the pressure building up by the rolling of the punch shaft heads past adjustable pressure rollers.
- Rotary presses can also be equipped with two or more filling shoes to increase the throughput.
- two filling shoes are arranged one behind the other without the slightly pressed first layer being ejected before further filling.
- jacket and dot tablets can also be produced in this way, which have an onion-shell-like structure, the top side of the core or the core layers not being covered in the case of the dot tablets and thus remaining visible.
- Rotary tablet presses can also be equipped with single or multiple tools, so that, for example, an outer circle with 50 and an inner circle with 35 holes can be used simultaneously for pressing.
- the throughputs of modern rotary tablet presses are over one million molded articles per hour.
- Tableting machines suitable within the scope of the present invention are available, for example, from the companies Apparatebau Holzwarth GbR, Asperg, Wilhelm Fette GmbH, Schwarzenbek, Hofer GmbH, Weil, KILIAN, Cologne, KOMAGE, Kell am See, KORSCH Pressen GmbH, Berlin, Mapag Maschinenbau AG, Bern (CH) and Courtoy NV, Halle (BE / LU).
- the hydraulic double pressure press l HydraulPF 630 from LAEIS, D. is particularly suitable, for example.
- the molded body can be made in a predetermined spatial shape and size, whereby they always consist of several phases, ie layers, inclusions or cores and rings. Practically all sensibly manageable Events into consideration, for example, the design as a table, the bar or bar shape, cubes, cuboids and corresponding spatial elements with flat side surfaces and in particular cylindrical configurations with a circular or oval cross section.
- This last embodiment covers the presentation form from the tablet to compact cylinder pieces with a ratio of height to diameter above 1.
- the portioned compacts can each be designed as separate individual elements that correspond to the predetermined dosage of the detergents and / or cleaning agents. It is also possible, however, to form compacts which connect a plurality of such mass units in one compact, the portioned smaller units being easy to separate, in particular by predetermined predetermined breaking points.
- the portioned compacts as tablets, in cylinder or cuboid form can be expedient, a diameter / height ratio in the range from about 0.5: 2 to 2: 0.5 is preferred.
- Commercial hydraulic presses, eccentric presses or rotary presses are suitable devices, in particular for the production of such pressed articles.
- the spatial shape of another embodiment of the molded body is adapted in its dimensions to the detergent dispenser of commercially available household washing machines, so that the molded body can be metered directly into the dispenser without metering aid, where it dissolves during the dispensing process.
- the detergent tablets can also be used without problems using a dosing aid.
- Another preferred multi-phase molded body that can be produced has a plate-like or panel-like structure with alternately thick long and thin short segments, so that individual segments of this "multi-phase lock" are broken off at the predetermined breaking points, which represent the short thin segments and can be entered into the machine.
- This principle of the "bar-shaped" shaped body detergent can also be realized in other geometric shapes, for example vertically standing triangles, which are connected to one another only on one of their sides along the side. Here it offers itself For optical reasons, the triangular base that connects the individual segments to one another should be formed as one phase, while the triangle tip forms the second phase. Different coloring of both phases is particularly attractive in this embodiment.
- the breaking strength of cylindrical shaped bodies can be determined via the measured variable of the diametrical breaking load. This can be determined according to
- ⁇ stands for diametral fracture stress (DFS) in Pa
- P is the force in N that leads to the pressure exerted on the molded body that causes the molded body to break
- D is the molded body diameter in meters and t the height of the molded body.
- surfactant-containing granules By mixing surfactant-containing granules with pulverulent preparation components, premixes were produced which were pressed into two-phase detergent tablets in a Korsch tablet press.
- the surfactant granules 1, 2 and 3 were produced in a 130-liter ploughshare mixer (Gebrüder Lödige, Paderborn) and then dried in a fluidized bed dryer. After the coarse particles (> 1.6 mm) and the fine particles ( ⁇ 0.4 mm) had been sieved, the surfactant granules were mixed with the treatment components in a paddle mixer.
- the composition of the surfactant granules is shown in Table 1.
- Two-layer detergent tablets were produced from the premixes (surfactant granules + preparation components) on a Korsch rotary runner press, the proportion the first layer was 75% by weight of the total mass and the proportion of the second layer was 25% by weight of the total mass of the tablet.
- the diameter of the tablets was 44 mm.
- Tables 2, 3 and 4 below show the compositions of the detergent tablets broken down by phase.
- the values in the columns of the table indicate the amount of the substance in question in the respective phase of the tablet, i.e. the values in a column add up to 100%.
- the amount of the substance in question in the entire tablet can be easily calculated from the proportion of the individual phases.
- the tablet hardness fluctuated by approx. ⁇ 10%, the disintegration times by approx. 5 seconds.
- the tablet hardness and disintegration times are listed in the respective tables.
- Repelotex-SRP-4 is a terephthalic acid-ethylene glycol-polyethylene glycol ester from Rhönen-Poulenc.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98954379A EP1051474B1 (de) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-10-08 | Mehrphasige waschmitteltabletten |
AT98954379T ATE259413T1 (de) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-10-08 | Mehrphasige waschmitteltabletten |
JP2000529409A JP2002501977A (ja) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-10-08 | 多相洗剤タブレット |
DE59810765T DE59810765D1 (de) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-10-08 | Mehrphasige waschmitteltabletten |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803410A DE19803410A1 (de) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-01-28 | Mehrphasige Waschmitteltabletten |
DE19803410.5 | 1998-01-28 | ||
CA002313227A CA2313227A1 (en) | 1998-01-28 | 2000-07-28 | Multiphase detergent tablets |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999038948A1 true WO1999038948A1 (de) | 1999-08-05 |
Family
ID=25681924
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1998/006403 WO1999038948A1 (de) | 1998-01-28 | 1998-10-08 | Mehrphasige waschmitteltabletten |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1051474B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002501977A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE259413T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2313227A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19803410A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999038948A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6686327B1 (en) * | 1999-10-09 | 2004-02-03 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Shaped bodies with improved solubility in water |
CN107177429A (zh) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-19 | 华北制药秦皇岛有限公司 | 一种便于携带、使用方便的洗衣片及其制备工艺 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19901063A1 (de) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Hilfsmittelgranulat für wasch- und reinigungsaktive Formkörper |
DE19903288A1 (de) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Mehrphasige Waschmitteltabletten |
GB9918087D0 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 1999-10-06 | Mcbride Robert Ltd | Detergent tablets |
DE19944222A1 (de) * | 1999-09-15 | 2001-03-29 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmitteltabletten |
DE19953793A1 (de) * | 1999-11-09 | 2001-05-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Tensidgranulate mit verbesserter Auflösegeschwindigkeit |
DE19953792A1 (de) * | 1999-11-09 | 2001-05-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Waschmitteltabletten |
DE19962885A1 (de) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-05 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelformkörper mit verbesserten Zerfallseigenschaften |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0224128A2 (de) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-06-03 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Mehrschichtige Reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle Geschirrspülen |
EP0466485A2 (de) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-01-15 | Unilever Plc | Detergenszusammensetzungen |
EP0481793A1 (de) * | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-22 | Unilever Plc | Detergenszusammensetzungen in Tablettenform |
DE4404279A1 (de) * | 1994-02-10 | 1995-08-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Tablette mit Buildersubstanzen |
EP0711827A2 (de) * | 1994-11-14 | 1996-05-15 | Unilever Plc | Detergenszusammensetzungen in Tablettenform |
WO1997003177A1 (de) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-30 | Joh. A. Benckiser Gmbh | Geschirrwaschmaschinenspülmittel in form einer tablette |
DE19710254A1 (de) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- oder reinigungsaktive Formkörper für den Gebrauch im Haushalt |
DE19709991A1 (de) * | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-17 | Herzog Stefan | In Flüssigkeit zerfallender Preßling |
-
1998
- 1998-01-28 DE DE19803410A patent/DE19803410A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-10-08 AT AT98954379T patent/ATE259413T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-08 JP JP2000529409A patent/JP2002501977A/ja active Pending
- 1998-10-08 WO PCT/EP1998/006403 patent/WO1999038948A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-08 EP EP98954379A patent/EP1051474B1/de not_active Revoked
-
2000
- 2000-07-28 CA CA002313227A patent/CA2313227A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0224128A2 (de) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-06-03 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Mehrschichtige Reinigungsmitteltabletten für das maschinelle Geschirrspülen |
EP0466485A2 (de) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-01-15 | Unilever Plc | Detergenszusammensetzungen |
EP0481793A1 (de) * | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-22 | Unilever Plc | Detergenszusammensetzungen in Tablettenform |
DE4404279A1 (de) * | 1994-02-10 | 1995-08-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Tablette mit Buildersubstanzen |
EP0711827A2 (de) * | 1994-11-14 | 1996-05-15 | Unilever Plc | Detergenszusammensetzungen in Tablettenform |
WO1997003177A1 (de) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-30 | Joh. A. Benckiser Gmbh | Geschirrwaschmaschinenspülmittel in form einer tablette |
DE19709991A1 (de) * | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-17 | Herzog Stefan | In Flüssigkeit zerfallender Preßling |
DE19710254A1 (de) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- oder reinigungsaktive Formkörper für den Gebrauch im Haushalt |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6686327B1 (en) * | 1999-10-09 | 2004-02-03 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Shaped bodies with improved solubility in water |
CN107177429A (zh) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-19 | 华北制药秦皇岛有限公司 | 一种便于携带、使用方便的洗衣片及其制备工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE259413T1 (de) | 2004-02-15 |
EP1051474B1 (de) | 2004-02-11 |
EP1051474A1 (de) | 2000-11-15 |
DE19803410A1 (de) | 1999-07-29 |
JP2002501977A (ja) | 2002-01-22 |
CA2313227A1 (en) | 2000-10-08 |
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