WO1999010200A1 - Dispositif avertisseur pour vehicule, destine a des feux d'arret anticollision - Google Patents

Dispositif avertisseur pour vehicule, destine a des feux d'arret anticollision Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999010200A1
WO1999010200A1 PCT/CN1998/000173 CN9800173W WO9910200A1 WO 1999010200 A1 WO1999010200 A1 WO 1999010200A1 CN 9800173 W CN9800173 W CN 9800173W WO 9910200 A1 WO9910200 A1 WO 9910200A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
potentiometer
terminal
pin
brake lights
motor vehicle
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Application number
PCT/CN1998/000173
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shipeng Yang
Original Assignee
Shipeng Yang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Shipeng Yang filed Critical Shipeng Yang
Priority to AU88511/98A priority Critical patent/AU8851198A/en
Publication of WO1999010200A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999010200A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/44Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating braking action or preparation for braking, e.g. by detection of the foot approaching the brake pedal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an advanced warning device for anti-rear-end brake lights of a motor vehicle, which belongs to a motor vehicle signal device and relates to mechanical and electronic control technology. Background of the invention
  • the brake lights of all motor vehicles are lit when the driver applies the brakes.
  • the disadvantage of this warning method is that when the driver of the vehicle in front finds that an emergency situation requires emergency braking to stop, he cannot timely inform the driver of the car following him the emergency situation. He can only do a series of operations, for example, he hurriedly lifted his foot on the accelerator pedal and quickly moved it to the brake pedal, and then stepped down with a force, and then the brake light was turned on. Even a very experienced driver, the time from when he lifts his foot to release the accelerator pedal to step on the brake light will not be less than 0.3 seconds.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an advanced warning device for anti-rear-end brake lights of a motor vehicle, which has a simple structure and a reliable operation, so as to overcome the problem of delaying the warning of the existing brake lights.
  • the invention thoroughly studies the entire process of vehicle emergency braking and braking. From the perspective of the force balance of a moving vehicle, reducing power is equivalent. In order to increase the forward resistance of the vehicle, the effect can reduce the vehicle's moving speed, but the effect of reducing the power deceleration is not as violent as pressing the brakes. Therefore, from the perspective of the entire process of emergency braking of a motor vehicle, the emergency removal of power and the stepping on of the brake are two phases of a process that organically occur in sequence, and the emergency reduction of power is often the "harbinger" of stepping on the brake. .
  • the present invention grasps the point that emergency reduction of power, that is, deceleration braking, is a "harbinger" of emergency braking, and a device for detecting this "harbinger” is designed.
  • the driver can turn on the brake lights in advance while making “emergency deceleration", so that the drivers behind can know the emergency situation in front of them at the same time and prevent rear-end collisions.
  • the invention mainly detects the mechanical movement of the power control device during the driving process of the motor vehicle, thereby detecting the increase and decrease of the motive power, and thereby predicting the change in the speed of the motor vehicle and reducing the "emergency deceleration” that easily causes rear-end collisions. "The phenomenon breaks down into three elements:
  • the direction of mechanical movement of the power control device is to reduce the motive force:
  • the rate of reduction of the motive force is very fast, for example, the motive force decreases from the maximum value to zero within 1 to 2 seconds:
  • the reduction of the motive force must reach a certain value, for example, it reaches one-tenth to one-fifth of the maximum value of the motive force. Less than this value is regarded as "micro-deceleration" and ignored.
  • the device consists of four parts-
  • Motion sensor part of power manipulator Select the appropriate sensor and connect the sensor and the power manipulator mechanically, so as to realize the linkage between the two, so as to change the mechanical operation of the power manipulator into a certain sensor on the sensor. This kind of power output change realizes the electrical simulation of the mechanical movement of the power control device.
  • Emergency deceleration signal detection circuit section The detection circuit tests a certain amount of electric power output by the sensor, and adjusts the circuit parameters to change the measurement scale, so that the electric output value corresponding to the "emergency deceleration” phenomenon becomes a certain value. These eigenvalues are detected, forming an "emergency deceleration" signal.
  • Timing circuit part This timing circuit is triggered by the detected "emergency deceleration" signal, and outputs a voltage signal with a length of time T. The value of T is determined by the length of time the brake lamp needs to be lit.
  • Lighting circuit part This part mainly includes power amplifier and lighting switch. When the lighting signal sent by the timing circuit is not enough power to directly drive the lighting on and off, it is necessary to drive the lighting switch after power amplification.
  • the lighting switch can be a relay or other electronic power switch.
  • the present invention includes a mechanical motion sensing unit, an emergency deceleration signal detection unit, a timing unit, and a lighting unit of a power manipulating device, which is characterized in that: the sensing unit can convert the mechanical movement change of the power manipulating device into One end of the potentiometer W2 with a change in voltage is connected to the positive pole Vd of the power supply, and the other end is grounded.
  • the sliding end C is connected to the positive pole of the capacitor C3.
  • the "emergency deceleration" signal detection unit is composed of a capacitor C3, resistors R4, and R5. It is composed of transistor T6.
  • the negative electrode of capacitor C3, one end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor T6, the other end of resistor R4 is grounded, and the emitter of transistor T6 is grounded. Its collector is connected to the positive electrode Vd of the power supply through resistor R5.
  • the timing unit is composed of a time base circuit IC1 1, a resistor R8, R9, and a capacitor C7
  • CIO consists of the negative electrode of capacitor C7 connected to the collector of transistor T6, one end of its positive electrode and resistor R8 is connected to the low trigger terminal (pin 2) of IC11, the other end of R8 is connected to the positive electrode Vd of the power supply, and the resistor R9
  • One end is connected to the positive electrode Vd of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C10 and the high trigger terminal (pin 6) and discharge terminal (pin 7) of the time base circuit IC 11.
  • the negative electrode of the capacitor C 10 is grounded.
  • the reset pin) and the positive voltage pin (pin 8) are both connected to the positive pole Vd of the power supply.
  • the ground pin (pin 1) is grounded.
  • the voltage control pin (pin 5) is left unconnected. It can also be connected to the ground through a filter capacitor.
  • Its output pin (pin 3) Connected to the control unit of the lighting unit; the lighting switch of the lighting unit is connected in parallel with the foot brake lighting switch K16, and is connected in series with the brake light between the positive pole of the power supply and the ground.
  • the invention is clever in concept, simple in structure and reliable in operation. Only one potentiometer W2, two resistors R4, R5, one capacitor C3 and one transistor T6 are used to realistically simulate the direction, speed and change of the mechanical movement of the power control device. Out, and through the simulation and detection of the mechanical movement of the power control device, the detection of the change of the motive force is achieved, so that the change in the vehicle speed can be predicted and the "emergency deceleration" signal can be detected therefrom.
  • 1 day 1 is the difference in driver's age, personality, energy concentration, and vehicle condition.
  • the advance amount in inches is between 0.3 and 0.5 seconds, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of rear-end collisions.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the brake light advance warning device circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a lighting unit with a power amplifier according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a lighting unit using an electronic switch according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between an accelerator pedal and a potentiometer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a throttle valve and a potentiometer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of connecting a potentiometer shaft and a throttle shaft with a coupling according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of connecting a potentiometer shaft and a throttle shaft by a crank arm method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of connecting a potentiometer shaft and a throttle shaft by a pulley method according to the present invention.
  • an electrical device can be used as a sensor; a resistor R4, R5, a capacitor C3, and a transistor T6 are used as a detection circuit for an "emergency deceleration" signal.
  • the sliding end C and the capacitor C3 The anode of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R4 and the base of the transistor T6 are connected together, the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded, the emitter of the transistor T6 is grounded, and the collector is connected to Vd through the resistor R5.
  • a resistor R1 can be connected in series at one end (A or B) of the potentiometer, and then connected between the positive electrode Vd of the power supply and the ground.
  • the sliding terminal C of the potentiometer W2 also does not move.
  • the voltage across the capacitor C3 is equal to the voltage from the sliding terminal C of the potentiometer W2 to ground. At this time, the voltage at both ends of the resistor R4 is zero, and the transistor T6 is non-conductive. through.
  • Timing circuit part It is a timing circuit with IC1 1 as the core and composed of resistors R8, R9 and capacitors C7, C10.
  • IC1 1 As the core and composed of resistors R8, R9 and capacitors C7, C10.
  • Lighting circuit part Here, you can choose relay] 15 or other electronic switch K18, for example, TWH8751 as lighting switch. If the positive voltage power output by pin 3 of IC1 1 is large enough, for example, IC1 1 uses TTL type time base circuit NE555, and the driving current required for the lighting switch is not less than 100 mA, then it can be driven directly without power amplification.
  • the coil or electronic switch of relay J 15 if the positive voltage output from pin 3 of IC 1 1 is not enough, it must pass through a power amplifier composed of resistor R12 and transistor T13 before driving the coil or electronic of relay J 15 Open Close K18, the normally open contact of relay W2 is connected in parallel with the contact of foot brake switch.
  • the input S of the electronic switch K18 is connected to a higher potential, the output terminal D is connected to a lower potential, and the control terminal G is placed on the output terminal (pin 3) of the timing unit IC11.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the mechanical connection of the potentiometer W2 and the power control device.
  • the outer shell of the arc-shaped potentiometer W2 with a radius R around the acceleration pedal-board rotating shaft 23 of a car, tram or tractor is fixed on the vehicle body, and its axis coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 23.
  • a connecting member 28 having an oval hole is fixed, so that the sliding end C of the potentiometer W2 moves together with the accelerator pedal rotating arm 22.
  • the throttle is zero, let the sliding end C be near the high potential A end, and when the throttle is maximum, let the sliding end C be near the ground potential B end.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the mechanical connection between another potentiometer W2 and the power control device.
  • the shell of the arc-shaped potentiometer W2 with a radius of R surrounds the throttle valve 26 of the engine of a car, motorcycle, or tractor, and is fixed on the engine or the vehicle body so that its axis coincides with the axis of 26.
  • the sliding arm 27 fixed on the throttle shaft 26 is provided with an elliptical hole at the distance R from the axis, so that the mechanical terminal of the sliding end C of the potentiometer W2 is included in the center of this elliptical hole, so that at the sliding end C Near the high potential A end, when the throttle valve is closed, let the sliding end C be near the high potential A end, and when the throttle is maximum, let the sliding end C be near the ground potential B end.
  • the mechanical connection between the potentiometer W2 and the power control device can also be directly connected to the throttle shaft 26 by a coupling through the shaft 29 of the potentiometer W2.
  • the mechanical connection between the potentiometer W2 and the power control device can also be connected to the shaft 29 of the potentiometer W2 and the throttle shaft 26 through a sliding arm, a crank arm 38 and a crank 39.
  • the mechanical connection between the potentiometer W2 and the power control device can be connected to the shaft 29 of the potentiometer W2 and the throttle shaft 26 through a pulley 40 and a belt 41.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Description

机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置,它属于一种机动车 信号装置, 涉及机械以及电子控制技术。 发明背景
目前, 所有机动车的刹车灯, 都是当司机踩下刹车后才被点亮。 这种示 警方法的缺点是: 当前边车辆的司机发现紧急情况需要紧急制动停车时, 他并不能及时地把这一紧急情况告诉尾随其后的汽车上的司机。 他只能在 完成一系列操作之后, 例如, 他急忙抬起踩住加速踏板的脚并把它迅速地 移动到刹车踏板上, 然后甩力踩下去, 这时才点亮了刹车灯。 即使是很熟 练的司机, 从他抬脚松开加速踏板到踩亮刹车灯的动作时间也不会少于 0.3 秒。 这就是说, 当前边的司机发现紧急情况, 已经在做紧急制动停车操作, 但尾随其后的司机起码要迟后 0.3秒才看见前 釗车灯点亮。这对二一辆时 速 60〜120公里的车辆来说, 0.3秒将要向前运动 5〜1 0米。可是, 绝大多数 的追尾事故往往发生在后边的车辆只要少向前定 1米或 0.5米就可避免的情 况下, 却不幸发生了。 可见, 这平时并不被人们所重视的零点几秒, 对亍 高速运动的车辆来说是多么重要, 甚至生死攸关。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单, 工作可靠的机动车防追尾刹车 灯超前示警装置, 以克服现有刹车灯示警的迟后问题。
本发明从车辆运动学和车辆动力学的原理出发, 深入研究了车辆紧急 刹车制动的全过程, 从运动车辆的受力平衡角度来看, 减少动力, 这等价 于增加车辆前进的阻力, 其效果都能使车辆的运动速度减低, 只不过减少 动力减速的效果不像急踩刹车那样猛烈而已。 因此, 从机动车紧急制动的 全过程来看, 紧急切除动力, 然后猛踩刹车, 这是一个顺序发生有机相连 的一个过程的两个阶段, 而且紧急减少动力往往是踩刹车的 "先兆" 。 目 前采用的刹车: ^示警法不足之处就在于, 只强调了踩刹车对车辆的制动作 用, 而忽视了减少动力对车辆的制动作用, 更没有抓住 "紧急减少动力" 这一 "先兆"及时地将前边车辆遇到的 "紧急情况" 向后边的司机进行示 警预告。
本发明抓住紧急减少动力即减速制动, 是紧急刹车的 "先兆"这一点, 设计了一种检测这一 "先兆" 的装置。 该装置在车辆遇到紧急情况, 司机 在作 "紧急减速" 的同时可提前点亮刹车灯, 使后边的司机 "几乎同时" 知道前边所发生的紧急情况, 防止追尾撞车事故的发生。
本发明主要通过机动车在行驶过程中对动力操纵装置机械运动的检 测, 从而达到对原动力增减情况的检测, 并借此可以预测机动车速度的变 化, 并把容易造成追尾事故的 "紧急减速" 现象分解为三个要素:
因为 "紧急减速" 在现有技术中没有标准, 所以要根据不同车辆的具 体运行情况, 通过实践确定一个合理的值。
1 、 动力操纵装置的机械运动方向是减少原动力:
2 、 原动力减少的速度非常快, 比如说, 在 1 ~2秒之内原动力从最大 值减小到零:
3 、 一次 "紧急减速" 操作中, 原动力减少量要达到一定值, 比如说 达到原动力最大值的十分之一至五分之一, 小于此值被视为 "微量减速" , 不予理睬。
当这三要素同时出现 (逻辑相 "与" ) 时, 应视为 "紧急减速" 现象 出现. 此时应立即使刹车灯自动提前点亮。 这与目前的当司机踩刹车时才 点亮刹车灯的办法相比, 就是所谓的 "超前示警" 。
为了实现这一目的, 本装置由四部分组成-
1 、 动力操纵装置运动传感器部分: 选择适当的传感器, 并通过传感 器与动力操纵装置之间机械上的连接, 使二者实现联动, 从而把动力操纵 装置的机械运 的变化, 变成传感器上某种电量输出的变化, 实现对动力 操纵装置的机械运动的电模拟。
2 、 "紧急减速"信号检测电路部分: 检测电路对传感器输出的某种 电量进行测试, 并通过调整电路参数, 改变测量的尺度, 使 "紧急减速" 现象出现时所对应的电量输出值成为某种特征值被检测出来, 形成 "紧急 减速"信号。
3、 定时电路部分: 这个定时电路被检测到的 "紧急减速"信号触发, 输出一个时间长度为 Τ的电压信号, Τ值的大小由刹车灯需要点亮的时间 长短而定。
4 、 点灯电路部分: 这一部分主要包括功率放大器和点灯开关。 当定 时电路送来的点灯信号, 其功率不足以直接驱动点灯幵关时, 需要经过功 率放大后再去驱动点灯开关。 点灯开关可以是继电器也可以是其他电子式 功率开关。
具体地说, 本发明包括动力操纵装置机械运动传感单元、 紧急减速信 号检测单元、 定时单元和点灯单元, 其特征在于: 所述的传感单元可为将 动力操纵装置的机械运动变化转化成电压量变化的电位器 W2,它的一端 A 接电源正极 Vd, 另一端接地, 其滑动端 C与电容 C3的正极相连; 所述的 "紧急减速"信号检测单元由电容 C3、 电阻 R4、 R5和三极管 T6组成, 电 容 C3的负极, 电阻 R4的一端与三极管 T6的基极相接在一起, 电阻 R4的 另一端接地, 三极管 T6的发射极接地, 其集电极通过电阻 R5接在电源正 极 Vd上; 所述的定时单元由时基电路 IC1 1、 电阻 R8、 R9和电容 C7 、 CIO组成, 电容 C7的负极接在三极管 T6的集电极上, 其正极和电阻 R8的 一端均接在 IC11的低触发端 (2脚)上, R8的另一端接在电源正极 Vd上, 电阻 R9的一端接在电源正极 Vd上, 另一端与电容 C10的正极以及时基电 路 IC 11的高触发端 (6脚),放电端 (7脚)连接在一起,电容 C 10的负极接地, IC11的复位端 脚)和正电压端 (8脚)均接在电源正极 Vd上, 接地端 (1脚) 接地, 电压控制端 (5脚)悬空, 也可通过滤波电容接地, 其输出端 (3脚)接到 点灯单元控制端; 所说点灯单元的点灯开关与脚刹车点灯开关 K16并联, 再与刹车灯串联在电源正极和地之间。
本发明构思巧妙、结构简单、工作可靠, 仅用一个电位器 W2、两个电 阻 R4、 R5、 一个电容 C3和一个三极管 T6, 就把动力操纵装置机械运动 的方向、 速度和变化量逼真的模拟出来, 而且通过对动力操纵装置机械运 动的模拟和检测, 达到对原动力变化的检测, 从而可以预测出车速的变化 并从中检测出 "紧急减速"信号。
经过实车实验, 当司机发现紧急情况, 急速松开加速踏板时, 尽管此 时他的脚还未碰到刹车踏板, 但刹车灯已被本发明装置自动提前点亮。 1天 1 为司机的年龄、 性格、 精力集中程度以及车辆状况等因素的差异, 吋间提 前量大约在 0.3〜0.5秒之间, 这可以大大减少追尾事故的发生。 附图简要说明
图 1为本发明的刹车灯超前示警装置电路原理示意图 ·,
图 2为本发明的具有功率放大器的点灯单元电路示意图;
图 3为本发明的使用电子开关的点灯单元电路示意图;
图 4为本发明的加速踏板与电位器连接示意图;
图 5为本发明的节气门与电位器连接示意图;
图 6为本发明的用联轴器连接电位器轴和节气门轴的示意图; W
图 7为本发明的用曲臂法连接电位器轴和节气门轴的示意图;
图 8为本发明的用皮带轮法连接电位器轴和节气门轴的示意图。 实施本发明的方式
下面结合附 对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
首先请参见图 1, 本发明作为一种技术方案, 可用电器作传感器; 以电 阻 R4 、 R5、 电容 C3和三极管 T6作为 "紧急减速"信号的检测电路, 在 电路上, 滑动端 C与电容 C3的正极相接, 电容 C3的负极、 电阻 R4的一 端和三极管 Τ6的基极连接在一起,电阻 R4的另一端接地,三极管 Τ6的发射 极接地,集电极通过电阻 R5连接在 Vd上, 有时为了调整电位器的分压比, 可以在电位器的一端 (A端或 B端)串联一个电阻 R1 , 然后再跨接在电源的 正极 Vd和地之间。
其中电子元件的较佳参数值可为: W2-5. 1 K , C3=22 U , R4= 10K . R5=10K , T6=C9013 。
在本装置安装在汽车上使用时, 可把电位器 W2的滑动端 C与节气门 进行适当地机械连接, 节气门的运动带动滑动端 C一起运动, (请参见图 4〜 图 8), 调整电位器 W2与节气门间的机械连接。 当节气门关闭时, 使滑动 端 C靠近电位 A端: 当节气门最大时,使滑动端 C靠近地电位 8端=这 . 电位器 W2 滑动端 C上电压变化的方向 (降低或升高)与节气门变化的方向 (开大或关小:)相对应, 电压的变化速度与节气门的变化速度相对应, 电压的 变化量与节气门的变化量相对应。
当节气门不动时, 电位器 W2的滑动端 C也不动, 电容 C3两端的电压 等于电位器 W2滑动端 C到地的电压, 此时电阻 R4两端电压器为零, 三极 管 T6不导通。
当司机加油时, 节气门逐渐开启, 电压器 W2的滑动端 C随着 · (Π —起运动, 由高电压 A端向着地电位 B端移动, 电容 C3通过电阻 R4和电 位器 W2的滑动端 C端到地之间的电阻放电,并在电阻 R4上产生一个负电 压, 三极管 T6不导通。
当司机减速收油, 抬起加速踏板时, 随着节气门的关小, 电位器 W2 的滑动端 C ,也由地电位向着髙压电位方向运动, 电容 C3通过电阻 R4 和电位器 W2的滑动端 C至 Vd之间的电阻充电, 在电阻 R4上产生一个正 电压。 电子学理论已经阐明, RC电路充电电流的大小, 与 R、 C的数值 和充电电压相关, 而且随着时间呈指数衰减。 因此, 当电容 C3和电阻 R4 的值取定后, 电位器 W2的滑动端 C移动的速度越快, 移动的距离越长, 则滑动端 C端的电压跃变增量就越大, 电容 C3和电阻 R4上的充电电流就 越大, R4上的正电压越大。 当 "紧急减速"情况出现时, 通过调整检测电 路 C3和 R4的参数, 使电阻 R4上的正电压达到一个特征值 Us , 当这个 Us 值等于三极管 T6的基极导通电压时, 则三极管 T6就导通, 它的集电极电 位就突然从 Vd下跳到地电位, 这一电压突变信号就是所检测到的 "紧急减 速"信号。
定时电路部分: 是以 IC1 1为核心, 由电阻 R8 、 R9和电容 C7 、 C 10 一起构成的定时电路,当"紧急减速"信号通过电容 C7和电阻 R8传给 IC 1 1 的低触发端 (2脚)后, IC 1 1的输出端 (3脚)立即输出一正电压, 输出的时间 宽度 T=0.693 X R9 X C10。
点灯电路部分:这里,可选用继电器】15或其它电子开关 K18 ,例如, TWH8751作为点灯开关。 如果 IC1 1第 3脚输出的正电压功率足够大, 例 如, IC1 1使用 TTL型时基电路 NE555, 而点灯开关所需的驱动电流又不 小于 100毫安, 则不必经过功率放大,可以直接驱动继电器 J 15的线圈或电 子幵关;如果 IC 1 1第 3脚输出的正电压功率不够大,则必需经过由电阻 R12 和三极管 T13组成的功率放大器后, 再去驱动继电器 J 15 的线圈或电子开 关 K18, 继电器 W2的常开触点与脚刹车开关的触点并联连接。 电子幵关 K18的输入 S接在较高的电位上, 输出端 D接在较低电位上, 控制端 G放 在定时单元 IC11的输出端 (3脚)上。
电位器 W2与动力操纵装置机械连接的实施例 (参考图 4〜图 8)。
具体实施伊 j 1 :
图 4给出一种电位器 W2与动力操纵装置机械连接的示意图。 首先把 半径为 R的圆弧形电位器 W2的外壳围绕着汽车、 电车或拖拉机的加速踏 -板转动轴 23, 固定在车体上, 并使它的轴线与转动轴 23的轴线重合, 在 加速踏板转动臂 22上,距离中心 R处,固定一个开有椭圆型孔的连接件 28 , 使电位器 W2滑动端 C便随加速踏板转动臂 22—起运动。 当油门为零时, 让滑动端 C处在靠近高电位 A端, 当油门最大时, 让滑动端 C处在靠近地 电位的 B端。 具体实施例 2 :
图 5给出另一种电位器 W2与动力操纵装置机械连接的示意图。 把半 径为 R的圆弧形电位器 W2的外壳围绕着汽车、 摩托车或拖拉机的发动机 节气门 26, 固定在发动机上或车体上, 使它的轴线与 26的轴线重合。 固 定在节气门轴 26上的滑动臂 27, 在距离轴心为 R处开有一个椭圆孔, 使 电位器 W2滑动端 C的机械端子, 含于这个椭圆孔的中央, 这样, 滑动端 C 处在靠近高电位 A端,当节气门关闭时,让滑动端 C处在靠近高电位 A端, 当节气门最大时, 让滑动端 C处在靠近地电位 B端。 具体实施例 3 :
参见图 6, 电位器 W2与动力操纵装置的机械连接还可以通过联轴器, 把电位器 W2的轴 29与节气门轴 26直接相连。 具体实施例 4 .:
参见图 7, 电位器 W2与动力操纵装置的机械连接还可以通过滑动臂 、 曲臂 38和曲柄 39把电位器 W2的轴 29与节气门轴 26两个轴相连。 具体实施例 5:
参见图 8 ,电位器 W2与动力操纵装置的机械连接可以通过皮带轮 40、 和皮带 41把电位器 W2的轴 29与节气门轴 26两个轴相连。

Claims

杈刺 要 汆 书
1、 一种机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置, 其特征在于: 它包括动力 操纵装置的 m械运动传感单元、 紧急减速信号检测单元、 定时单元和点灯 单元; 其中所述的传感单元可将动力操纵装置的机械运动变化转化成一个 电压量变化的电位器 W2 , 它的一端 A接电源正极 Vd , 另一端接地, 其滑 动端 C与电容 C3的正极相连; 所述的紧急减速信号检测单元由电容 C3 、 电阻 R4、 R5和三极管 T6组成, 电容 C3的负极、 电阻 R4的一端和三极 管 T6的基极联接在一起,电阻 R4的另一端接地,三极管 T6的发射极接地, 其集电极通过电阻 R5 接在电源正极 Vd 上; 所述的定时单元由时基电路 IC1 1、 电阻 R8、 R9和电容 C7、 C 10组成, 电容 C7的负极接在三极管 T6的集电极上,其正极和电阻 R8的一端均接在 IC 1 1的低触发端 (2脚)上, R8的另一端接在电源正极 Vd上, 电阻 R9的一端接在电源正极 Vd上, 另 —端与电容 C 10的正极以及时基电路 IC1 1的高触发端 (6脚), 放电端 (7脚) 联接在一起, 电容 C10的负极接地, IC 1 1的复位端 (4脚)和正电压端 (8脚) 均接在电源正极 Vd上, 接地端 ( 1脚)接地, 其输出端 (3脚)接到点灯单元的 控制端: 所述的点灯单元的点灯开关是与脚刹车点灯开关 K16并眹, 然 IS 与刹车灯串联在电源正极和地之间。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置, 其特征 在于: 所述的点灯单元采用继电器 J15, 它的线圈连接在时基电路 IC 1 1的 输出端 (3脚)与地之间, 其常幵触点与脚刹车开关 K16并联。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置, 其特征 在于: 所述的点灯单元采用包括三极管 T13、 电阻 R12的功率放大器和继 电器 J15, 时基电路 IC 1 1的输出端 (3脚)经电阻 R12与三极管 T13的基极 相连, 三极管 T13的集电极经继电器 J 15的线圈与电源正极 Vd相连, 其发 射极接地, 继电器 J15的常开触点与脚刹车开关 K16并联。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置, 其特征 在于:所述的点灯单元采用电子开关 K18 ,电子开关 K18与脚刹车开关 K16 并联, 其控制端 G与时基电路 IC11的输出端 (3脚)相连。
5、根据权 要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警 装置, 其特征在于: 所述的电位器 W2采用圆弧形电位器, 电位器 W2固定 安装上车体上,加速踏板轴 23通过可带动电位器 W2的转轴 29随之转动的 连接件与电位器 W2的转轴 29相连接。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置, 其特征 在于:所述的连接件是联轴器 36或皮带轮 40、 42和皮带 41或滑动臂 27、 曲臂 38、 曲柄 39。
7、根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警 装置, 其特征在于: 所述的电位器 W2采用圆弧形电位器, 电位器 W2固定 安装在车体上,节气门轴 26通过可带动电位器 W2的转轴 29随之转动的连 接件与电位器 W2的转轴 29相连接。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警装置, 其特征 在于:所述的连接件是联轴器 36或皮带轮 40、 42和皮带 41或滑动臂 27、 曲臂 38、 曲柄 39。
9、根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示警 装置, 其特征在于: 所述的电位器 W2采用圆弧形电位器, 电位器 W2的轴 线与加速踏板轴 23的轴线重合, 并固定安装在车体上, 通过安装在加速踏 板臂 22上的连接件 28中的椭圆孔, 与电位器 W2的滑动端 C的机械端子 相连接。
10、根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的机动车防追尾刹车灯超前示 警装置, 其特征在于: 所述的电位器 W2采用圆弧形电位器, 电位器 W2 的轴线与节气门轴 26的轴线重合, 并安装在车体上, 节气门轴 26上安装 有滑动臂 27 , 通过滑动臂 27上的椭圆孔与电位器 W2的滑动端 C的机械 端子相连接。
PCT/CN1998/000173 1997-08-27 1998-08-25 Dispositif avertisseur pour vehicule, destine a des feux d'arret anticollision WO1999010200A1 (fr)

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CN110111525A (zh) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-09 蔡宸熙 一种基于互联网的消防预警系统

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