WO1998042955A2 - Dispositif de commande electromagnetique - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande electromagnetique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998042955A2
WO1998042955A2 PCT/EP1998/001710 EP9801710W WO9842955A2 WO 1998042955 A2 WO1998042955 A2 WO 1998042955A2 EP 9801710 W EP9801710 W EP 9801710W WO 9842955 A2 WO9842955 A2 WO 9842955A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
armature
valve
electromagnetic
electromagnet
electromagnets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/001710
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO1998042955A3 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Karl Leiber
Original Assignee
Lsp Innovative Automotive Systems Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19712062A external-priority patent/DE19712062A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19712057A external-priority patent/DE19712057A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19714409A external-priority patent/DE19714409A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19714410A external-priority patent/DE19714410A1/de
Application filed by Lsp Innovative Automotive Systems Gmbh filed Critical Lsp Innovative Automotive Systems Gmbh
Priority to EP98919134A priority Critical patent/EP0970297B1/fr
Priority to DE59801964T priority patent/DE59801964D1/de
Publication of WO1998042955A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998042955A2/fr
Publication of WO1998042955A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998042955A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2105—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising two or more coils
    • F01L2009/2109—The armature being articulated perpendicularly to the coils axes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Electromagnetic actuators with these features are e.g. known from DE 3920976 A1. You will e.g. used to actuate valves of internal combustion engines. The armature is brought into an intermediate, in particular middle position by the two spring forces without excitation of an electromagnet. The excitation of one of the electromagnets brings the armature into the associated end division, whereby e.g. the valve is fully open. The control of the other electromagnet then closes the valve.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an electromagnetic actuating device which manages with low power in operation.
  • the invention Compared to the prior art given by DE 35 46 513 C2, the invention has a lower thermal load on the windings and no special measures for cooling are necessary.
  • the system according to the invention requires a lower drive power and there is a greater acceleration of the armature, since the full magnetic force does not have to be reduced when switching over.
  • An actuating electromagnet is known from DE utility model 17 83 823, which has a rest position and a working position of the armature reached by switching on the actuating magnet. In this position, the armature is locked by latching elements and held in place despite the actuating magnet being switched off. An auxiliary magnet unlocks the lock upon a corresponding command and the armature returns to the rest position.
  • the locking system preferably has an electromagnetic Actuator, but other electrical actuators (eg piezoelectric) are also possible. It should preferably be used with one or two-pole electromagnets.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment
  • Fig. 2 shows the associated control program
  • Fig. 3 shows a modified control program
  • Fig. 4 shows another embodiment
  • Fig. 5 shows the associated control program
  • Fig. 6 shows another embodiment
  • Fig. 12 is an underlying anchor
  • An armature 9 is located between the pole faces and is supported by means of two leaf springs 10 and 11.
  • An actuating rod 12 is rotatably attached to the anchor. They actuate, for example, a valve tappet 13 when the armature moves. This is pressed upwards by a spring 14 when the actuating rod 12 does so allows and pressed down by the actuating rod 12 against the force of the spring 14.
  • the locking system 15 In the end positions of the armature 9, the locking system 15 is used, the locking slide 16 of which is then pressed by the force of a spring 17 above or below the armature and holds it in place even when the electromagnet 1 or 2 is not energized. An electromagnet 18 can pull the locking slide 16 back when its winding is excited.
  • the operation of the actuator including the locking system 15 is explained. It is assumed that the armature 9 of the actuator rests on the pole faces 7 of the electromagnet 1 and the locking slide 16 holds the armature there. At Ti, the current i 18 of the locking magnet 18 is switched on. At T 2 the locking system 15 sets in motion with its locking slide 16 (s RM ) and reaches its end position at T 3 . This process is reflected in the current profile i 18 of the locking magnet. A predetermined time after T, the current i 2 of the electromagnet 2 is switched on at T 4 . This sets the armature 9 in motion at T 3 (s v ); the final position is reached at T 5 . At this point, the locking system 15 also snaps back in (s RM ).
  • the diagrams u and i 2 show T starting at the times . or T 6 alternatively usable excitation pulses for the electromagnets 1 and 2 respectively. These pulses serve to relieve the connection between the armature 9 and the locking slide 16 and to reduce the friction during the unlatching.
  • the excitation H or i 2 from T or T 6 is switched off when the locking system 15 has reached its end position (at T 3 or T 8 ). This point in time can be derived from the current sale i 18 of the locking system or can be obtained by means of an anchor travel sensor.
  • the diagram in FIG. 3 shows a slightly different control sequence.
  • the detent magnet 18 is energized until a position sensor (not shown) for the armature position signals the end position of the valve at T 5 (see Sig.).
  • the current is reduced to a lower holding current in order to become 0 at T 5 .
  • a holding current is applied to the magnet 2 to Tu from T 4 '.
  • the locking slide valve 16 now (without Tu) engages without force. The same thing happens at M 10 . This process offers less mechanical stress.
  • gate valve is still effective; the electromagnets 1, 2 and 18 are switched on
  • T 4 ' electromagnet 2 is switched to holding excitation until the locking slide 16 of the locking system no longer excites
  • the gate valve 4a shows an embodiment of the invention.
  • Two two-pole electromagnets 21 and 22 are provided here, between which an armature can be moved.
  • the armature 29 is spring-loaded here by means of a torsion bar or a rotating tube 27, which can rotate about the axis 28.
  • the torsion bar preferably has a bearing, not shown, for example a needle bearing, or it is ball-bearing there.
  • armature 29 with a connecting part, a so-called cage, between torsion bar and anchor 29 is designated.
  • an actuating rod 32 is pivoted, which, when the armature is actuated, presses a valve 33 downward against the force of a spring 34 and can open the valve 33, but which closes the valve 33 by the force of the spring 34 can allow appropriate excitement.
  • the forces of the spring 34 and the torsion bar in its initial position are coordinated with one another in such a way that the two spring forces hold the armature in the center position shown without excitation of one of the electromagnets 21 and 22.
  • the latching system 35 here contains a rocker 37 which can be tilted about the axis 36 and which is pulled in one direction by a spring 38 and is pulled in the other direction by a latching electromagnet 39 when the winding 26 is excited.
  • the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet 39 is partially formed by the core 24 of the electromagnet 22, its winding and the shunt 37 and 41.
  • a separate winding 40 can also be provided for the locking magnet, as indicated in FIG. 1a.
  • the actual locking element here is a ball-bearing locking roller 42 attached to the end of the rocker 37.
  • the locking roller here is the ball-bearing shaft 42 ', which is shown drawn out in FIG. 4b.
  • FIG. 4a The function of the arrangement of FIG. 4a is explained with reference to FIG. 5, it being assumed that the armature 29 is not on the pole faces of the Electromagnet 22 rests, but is held there by the locking roller 42 in a small air gap.
  • the valve is closed. If the valve 33 is to be opened, the winding 26 of the locking magnet 39 is first excited at T. This excitation causes force to be exerted on the locking roller 42 and the rocker 37 is tilted from T2 and the locking roller 42 is pulled out of the locking position. This happened at T 3 (see path diagram s RM of the locking magnet). Now the excitation of the electromagnet 22 is switched off after a fixed time. The spring forces move the armature 29 together with the locking plate 43 downward.
  • the electromagnet 21 was energized, which pulls the armature 29 downward.
  • the valve opens and is fully open at T 5 .
  • the locking roller can then snap in again as a result of the spring force and hold the armature in the second end position. If the valve 33 is to be closed again, the winding 25 of the electromagnet 22 is activated at T 9 .
  • the locking magnet 39 takes effect after switching on the current i ⁇ , which pulls the locking roller 42 from the armature 29 (from T 7 ).
  • the design described can only be used if the excitation of at least the electromagnet 22 takes place only over a partial region of the stroke, since the latching electromagnet must be ineffective when the end position is reached.
  • the solution just described requires a very low control power, since the locking magnet does not require any excitation power in the end position and the switching magnets are not activated here.
  • the locking magnet 39 was above through the winding 26 of the electromagnet 22 operated. Alternatively, this can also be done by an additional winding 40, the winding 26 or 25 being advantageously briefly actuated when the winding 40 is actuated, in order to relieve the locking and thus to reduce the required force of the locking magnet.
  • winding 26 is used as a winding for the locking magnet, this happens automatically.
  • valve 6 shows a valve 51 with a valve stem 52 in the valve block 53.
  • a spring 54 pushes the valve 1 upwards.
  • a two-pole electromagnetic drive is shown at the top, which has two electromagnets 55 and 56 and an armature 57 located between them.
  • the armature 57 is mounted by means of a torsion spring 58.
  • An actuating rod 59 is articulated on the armature 57 and its length can be changed by a screw 60.
  • the screw 60 stands on the valve stem 52.
  • the torsion spring 58 is biased so that it keeps the armature 57 in the middle position shown together with the spring 54 without energizing the electromagnets 55 and 56.
  • a connecting part 61 connects the armature 57 to the torsion spring 58.
  • a locking system 62 is shown on the right on the electromagnet 56.
  • a rocker 64 which can be tilted about the axis 63.
  • a latching roller 65 is shown, which in the end positions of the armature 57, into which it is driven by the force of the electromagnets 55 and 56 and by the action of the springs 54 or 58 is brought, engages above or below the locking plate, and holds the anchor 57.
  • the locking roller 65 is ball-bearing to reduce the friction. It is formed by a shaft 65a between two ball bearings.
  • a latching electromagnet 67 is accommodated in the core of the electromagnet 56, the rocker 64 included in the magnetic circuit of the latching magnet 67 being actuated when it is excited.
  • valve travel sensor 68 and an armature travel sensor 69. Both sensors work, for example, on the basis of a linear Hall barrier. Inductive sensors 68a can also be used. To simplify the illustration, this is only drawn on one side.
  • the closed position of the valve 57 is detected via the valve travel sensor.
  • the anchor travel sensor 69 records the total stroke.
  • valve 51 In the end position of the armature 57 shown in dash-dotted lines, the valve 51 is closed and valve clearance of approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mm occurs between the actuating rod 59 and the stem 52 of the valve.
  • FIG. 7 shows the path / time curve (s over t) of the magnet armature 57 or of the valve 51/52 during the valve opening in FIG. 7a.
  • Fig. 7b shows the time course of the forces and
  • Fig. 7c shows the movement of the locking roller 65.
  • the armature movement begins and after a short distance ⁇ s v (valve clearance) the adjusting screw 60 hits the valve stem 52 and takes it Valve 51/52 with.
  • the force jump shown occurs when it hits the valve when its valve spring becomes effective. 4a, which ideally brings the armature 57 into the desired position s soN , which is a distance ⁇ s from the end stop.
  • the dash-dotted and dashed lines show deviations from the set course, namely that the setpoint is undershot in the dashed line and exceeded in the dash-dotted line, the armature 57 hitting the end stop here.
  • the setpoint can be defined by the locking roller or the distance from the end stop.
  • a computer determines a correction value - ⁇ T or + ⁇ T for switching on the electromagnet 55 in the next cycle.
  • Fig. 4c shows the sequence of movements of the locking roller 65.
  • the locking magnet is switched on according to the dead and delay times by to 2 before To.
  • T o the locking roller 65 has moved over the edge of the locking plate and releases the armature 57.
  • the sum of the forces can be effective and accelerate the armature including the valve.
  • T RR the locking magnet is switched off.
  • the locking roller 65 is pressed by the force of the spring 66 onto the locking plate and rolls on it.
  • the locking roller 65 engages again and holds the armature in the end position.
  • a magnetic holding force is not necessary. This also eliminates annoying sticking times in the following reversal of the valve: the system according to the invention can accelerate faster. Additional damping measures are not necessary. If the - ⁇ s deviation is too large so that the locking roller cannot engage, the electromagnet 55 is actuated again briefly at T x . This can be optimized if, in addition to the anchor path, the anchor speed is also evaluated or the distance covered is determined at a specific point in time or the distance covered is evaluated at the point in time.
  • FIG. 8 shows the curves corresponding to FIG. 7 for the closing of the valve.
  • the magnetic force is already great with this distance or the remaining air gap to the magnetic pole.
  • the influence of the spring force shows the sum F and F F. In the ideal course, the armature reaches the position s so n ⁇ s away from the end stop.
  • the force curve F of the stronger electromagnet 56 is similar to a hyperbolic curve. It was chosen in order to avoid the usual start-up of the system after starting the engine and to be able to close the valve immediately in the normal control process in the event of a greater setpoint deviation, since a corresponding excess force is provided relative to the spring. This is not necessary for the weaker electromagnet 55 for reasons of cost and weight, since in the limit case the motor function is also possible with the valve half open.
  • the control is carried out analogously to FIG. 7, in that the deviation from the desired position is determined and the actuation time T 6 is varied by a time - ⁇ T or + ⁇ T for the following closing operation.
  • the locking roller 65 also has the same effect as in FIG. 7.
  • the electromagnet can be switched on again at T x in accordance with FIG. 7 in order to ensure a secure engagement.
  • a latching switch can be provided to monitor the latching function.
  • the latching can also be derived from the current profile of the latching magnet.
  • 9 shows the start of the stroke for opening with high resolution. This shows a phase shift in the path of armature s and valve s v . With a total stroke of approximately 8 mm, a valve clearance of approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mm must be taken into account. The valve lift sensor therefore only has to evaluate this area.
  • Fig. 10 shows an enlarged view of the states at the end of the stroke during the closing process. The s RR engages before the S SHOULD and the valve closes before the engaging.
  • valve clearance is then adjusted. This can be monitored by evaluating s v and s M in the control process, as well as when adjusting the valve clearance in the factory or service.
  • valve 11 shows the valve stroke movement in relation to the piston movement with key values OT and UT.
  • the solenoid system is controlled in a motor-specific and speed-dependent manner. Via the freely selectable time offset ts (system time), the control is based on the described T 0 . Depending on the speed, an opening time T on and a valve closing time T z u are also determined.
  • the above parameters are part of the motor control, which specifies the specifications ts, T auf , T for the magnetic control system.
  • a correspondingly fast microprocessor with e.g. DSP is required for fast arithmetic operations, since a large number of fast real-time processes have to be calculated.
  • the electromagnetic drive described above can be used to drive a
  • Gas exchange valve or another comparable valve can be used.
  • valve tappet being replaced by a pump piston
  • the invention can also be used in other applications with similar requirements.
  • control method described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 12 can also be carried out without

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'entraînement électromagnétique, dans lequel deux électroaimants opposés déplacent un induit disposé entre eux de façon à le faire passer d'une position intermédiaire, déterminée par l'action d'un ressort, à l'une ou l'autre position extrême. Les électroaimants se présentent sous la forme d'électroaimants à deux pôles. L'induit comporte un système d'arrêt mécanique à commande électrique, qui lui permet de rester dans les positions extrêmes sans consommer d'énergie.
PCT/EP1998/001710 1997-03-24 1998-03-24 Dispositif de commande electromagnetique WO1998042955A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98919134A EP0970297B1 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-03-24 Dispositif de commande electromagnetique
DE59801964T DE59801964D1 (de) 1997-03-24 1998-03-24 Elektromagnetische stelleinrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712057.1 1997-03-24
DE19712062A DE19712062A1 (de) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Elektromagnetische Stelleinrichtung
DE19712062.8 1997-03-24
DE19712057A DE19712057A1 (de) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Elektromagnetischer Antrieb E 7
DE19714409A DE19714409A1 (de) 1997-04-08 1997-04-08 Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
DE19714409.8 1997-04-08
DE19714410A DE19714410A1 (de) 1997-04-08 1997-04-08 Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
DE19714410.1 1997-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998042955A2 true WO1998042955A2 (fr) 1998-10-01
WO1998042955A3 WO1998042955A3 (fr) 1999-03-04

Family

ID=27438580

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1998/001710 WO1998042955A2 (fr) 1997-03-24 1998-03-24 Dispositif de commande electromagnetique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0970297B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59801964D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998042955A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10203262A1 (de) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-31 Heinz Leiber Elektromagnetische Stelleinrichtung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1783823U (de) 1953-08-11 1959-02-26 Magnetschultz Spezialfabrik Fu Betaetigungselektromagnet, insbesondere fuer gleichstrom mit automatischer verriegelung des ankers.
DE3546513A1 (de) 1985-04-25 1987-02-19 Kloeckner Wolfgang Dr Verfahren und schaltung zum betreiben eines gaswechselventils
DE3500530C2 (fr) 1985-01-09 1989-12-21 Binder Magnete Gmbh, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De
DE3920976A1 (de) 1989-06-27 1991-01-03 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Elektromagnetisch arbeitende stelleinrichtung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1471537A (en) * 1974-12-06 1977-04-27 Venard R Engine valve control
GB2088137A (en) * 1980-11-21 1982-06-03 Veisz Gyoergy Magnetomechanical converter
JPS6464205A (en) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Nonconformity detector for electrical equipment
US5022359A (en) * 1990-07-24 1991-06-11 North American Philips Corporation Actuator with energy recovery return

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1783823U (de) 1953-08-11 1959-02-26 Magnetschultz Spezialfabrik Fu Betaetigungselektromagnet, insbesondere fuer gleichstrom mit automatischer verriegelung des ankers.
DE3500530C2 (fr) 1985-01-09 1989-12-21 Binder Magnete Gmbh, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De
DE3546513A1 (de) 1985-04-25 1987-02-19 Kloeckner Wolfgang Dr Verfahren und schaltung zum betreiben eines gaswechselventils
DE3920976A1 (de) 1989-06-27 1991-01-03 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Elektromagnetisch arbeitende stelleinrichtung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10203262A1 (de) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-31 Heinz Leiber Elektromagnetische Stelleinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59801964D1 (de) 2001-12-06
EP0970297A2 (fr) 2000-01-12
EP0970297B1 (fr) 2001-10-31
WO1998042955A3 (fr) 1999-03-04

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