WO1998031894A1 - Tuile en ceramique a poser sur des poutres - Google Patents

Tuile en ceramique a poser sur des poutres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998031894A1
WO1998031894A1 PCT/ES1998/000007 ES9800007W WO9831894A1 WO 1998031894 A1 WO1998031894 A1 WO 1998031894A1 ES 9800007 W ES9800007 W ES 9800007W WO 9831894 A1 WO9831894 A1 WO 9831894A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tile
beams
tiles
platform
support
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES1998/000007
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Antonio Monturiol Jalon
Original Assignee
Teja 2, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teja 2, S.L. filed Critical Teja 2, S.L.
Publication of WO1998031894A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998031894A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/02—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements
    • E04D1/04—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements of ceramics, glass or concrete, with or without reinforcement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
    • E04D1/24—Roofing elements with cavities, e.g. hollow tiles

Definitions

  • the invention at hand consists of a ceramic tile that can be installed on beams of those used as roofs in the construction of houses, workplaces and the like, and which aims to allow their direct installation on the beams that are part of the roof.
  • Every roof is made up of two fundamental elements: the watertight element, whose task is to isolate the exterior of the building from inclement weather, and the structural element, which supports the roof as a whole.
  • the frame is always made up of beams, and can be made of wood, concrete or iron.
  • the beams often serve as the core of a reinforcing slab.
  • the only exception to the use of beams is the lifting of partitions, of the so-called "dovecote", so that they are manufactured, those that are necessary for the realization of a roof, located at the distance equivalent to the separation between beams so that the board can be mounted on top of them.
  • the distance between load-bearing walls is very short, where it is possible to fix precast directly, it is obviously not necessary in the use of beams either.
  • the board is mounted on the beam frame, which is a flat and continuous surface on which the tiles or the material used to waterproof the roof are installed.
  • this board is made up of planks of wood on which battens are nailed to support the tiles.
  • the most widespread board is made by precast, either ceramic or concrete, on which a compression layer of mortar is applied.
  • these prefabricated units are self-supporting, so that they are also supported and the load that exists on them, may include projections as strips, to facilitate the installation of the tiles.
  • An alternative to the boards is the installation of metal braces attached to the beams (in this case they are usually metal profiles) on which the tiles are mounted. This system comes from the use in old constructions of battens nailed directly on wooden beams. In this case the board is not completed but the battens, placed between them at the appropriate distance, one for each transverse row of tiles, are sufficient to support the installation of tiles.
  • boards there are as many variants of boards as there are existing materials for its construction, as well as for each construction requirement induced by weather, aesthetics or other reasons. They can be made of prefabricated plastic materials, to be applied in situ or projected, in mixed sheets of wood and synthetic fibers, or in ceramic or concrete precasts in many dimensions, etc. Likewise, for cases in which a compression layer is applied, it can be made in a wide variety of mortars, each with specific properties. On the other hand, when a slab has been executed as a roof structure, it acts as a deck. The floors are made up of ceramic, concrete or plastic (and formerly plaster) vaults, sandwiched between beams and received with reinforced concrete, offering as great advantage over a conventional board its greater resistance.
  • Watertight roofless roofs are also made, mainly roofs of high-rise buildings or industrial warehouses, in which case the construction of the roof is usually topped by a particularly resistant flooring waterproofed with specific materials for it.
  • the invention has developed a ceramic tile that can be installed on beams without the need for a board or accessories.
  • the tile of the invention is realized in huequer ⁇ a, that is to say, by extrusion so that it includes hollow interior chambers.
  • This technique used in the manufacture of bricks, boards, tongue and groove, vaults, scrapes and the like can be applied to the manufacture of tiles thanks to the development of another technique, based on a new technology as taught in the Spanish invention patent Titled "Selective volumetric cutting system for extruded clay pieces", with application number P-9601163, so that between both techniques the modeling action is completed, making it possible, among others, to manufacture large-sized and highly resistant tiles , fundamental qualities for the new tile to be viable.
  • the tile of the invention has an upper platform that defines the exterior shape of the tile and constitutes the area for collecting and draining the water, from which a plurality of parallel vertical partitions emerge inferiorly until they converge on an intermediate horizontal platform of width enough to join all the partitions, from which a plurality of partitions also emerge inferiorly, in a greater number than the previous ones, vertical and parallel that end in a lower platform.
  • All this structure determines a ceramic piece like a large format hollow brick arranged horizontally, in which the upper face is equivalent to the area for collecting and draining the water at the same time that it determines the aesthetics of the tile, since it constitutes the visible area to the outside, while the rest of the piece, chambers, interior walls, lower platform, determine elements to give the set the resistance it requires.
  • the tile has support and fitting means of the tile on a section of the surface the width of two consecutive beams, and are determined by a recess provided on both sides of the lower platform.
  • said recess is determined by a heel-like projection located on each side of the intermediate platform area, designed to support the beams, these being arranged on each side of the tile.
  • this heel are to immobilize the tile transversely in its position, to cause the support of each tile on the beam is complete and does not occur partially on the previous tile, as it happens in conventional tiles, and that of facilitating a firmer hold, in those cases that are required, as they can be embedded in mortar or other joining material.
  • the upper platform or upper face has a greater length than the rest of the piece, protruding from the front, in a visor that forms a specific overlap, necessary to cover the gap between two contiguous tiles of the same row (arrangement longitudinal or vertical of tiles on a roof) in order to avoid water seepage. It also has a greater width, forming a visor on one of the sides, which, in this case, is equivalent to the assembly necessary to cover the gap between two contiguous tiles of the same insulation (transverse arrangement of tiles on a roof).
  • the assembly is complemented by an inclined plane in the manner of a flange located on the outside of the opposite side of the tile and remains, at its rear, partially interrupted in a dimension sufficient to allow the overlap and the assembly to meet, where four tiles they coincide, two of the same row, followed, and other two of the same courses of the adjacent row.
  • the upper platform can be corrugated, flat or mixed, that is to say one flat section and the other curved, thus adopting any conventional tile design. This represents a great advantage since with only one molding system can make all existing aesthetics and even create new ones.
  • the lower platform or sole is flat except at its two lateral ends, which is where the aforementioned support heels are located on a higher level. These have, on their lower face, the one that remains free, a continuous uneven rise from front to back, which allows the tiles to be, once installed, more raised at the front than at the rear. This makes it possible for each tile to go back to the previous one in the overlap zone, without one resting on the other. For this it is necessary that the difference in height that occurs in the unevenness of the heels is greater than the thickness in the upper face of the tile or overlap.
  • the great advantage of this feature is determined by the fact that it gives total stability to the tile, facilitating any work that requires climbing on the roof, including maintenance, and avoiding any possibility of movement on the tile This is why most conventional roof tiles end up breaking. Furthermore, since there is no support on the overlaps and these are the weakest part of the tile, possible breaks or fissures are avoided.
  • the design of the heels also provides that they have the ability to be worn with a preferably plastic and insulating element. This has the purpose of causing the breakage of the thermal bridge that occurs between the tiles and the beams. Thus, this element would fit into the recess formed between the heel, which incorporates an internal flange to reinforce the fit, and the sole or underside of the lower platform, surpassing once placed on the heel.
  • the entire interior of the tile is made up of a multitude of hollow chambers, cell-type, as previously explained, which cross longitudinally- mind the tile.
  • the arrangement of these chambers or cells is foreseen in two heights, with the exception of the area of the heels in which there is a single height, separated by horizontal and vertical walls and their number is sufficient to give the tile adequate resistance.
  • the purpose of these cells is, firstly, to lighten the pieces without loss due to resistance, although with improved elasticity for shock absorption, but it gives the tile other qualities.
  • they allow very important characteristic air circulation since good ventilation is one of the main objectives of a roof and what also makes thermal insulation exist, since the air found in the chambers does not be watertight, does not heat up.
  • the cells also serve as acoustic insulation or make it possible for a second level of drainage in the event of a possible breakage of the upper deck of the tile or of water seepage, being preferable for the latter case that the tile incorporates a bottom overlap consisting of a posterior extension of the bottom platform or sole.
  • the sides of the tile are flat, facilitating the support between these and the opposite sides of the tile in an immediate row.
  • the assembly between pieces of contiguous rows is defined on said sides, one incorporating an inclined plane as a flange and the opposite one a visor that complement each other by covering the latter.
  • any vertical and cross section that is made in it allows to obtain the same profile, except for the previous overlap and the subsequent recess of the assembly.
  • the anterior and posterior faces are similar, although the first incorporates the overlap, which surpasses it, and the second must be subtracted from the recess made for the meeting between overlap and assembly of two. rows and two contiguous rows.
  • the beams must be previously fixed on the construction, with the slope with which they have been projected for the work (it could also be done on "dovecote" partitions to replace the beams).
  • the distance to which each beam has to be fixed is determined by the width of the tile since each tile mounts on two beams in a row, as previously explained, and exactly on half of a beam and the nearest half of the immediate beam. In this way, the other half of each beam is free so that the next tile can be assembled and thus until completing a course of tiles.
  • the space between beam and beam is then covered by the tiles, these being visible from the inside of the construction.
  • the tile rows are completed by installing one tile after another, ascending along the beams and overlapping each tile with the previous one.
  • the length of the tile minus the overlap determines the advance, or tile pitch, that occurs with each tile installed.
  • the first tiles in each row that is, the first course, must be installed firmly with a stop on the front or with a solution that is equally resistant to the traction that it exerts on the rest of the tiles.
  • the heels, which determine the contact of the tiles with the beam, two per beam of two adjacent tiles, are narrower, in the sum of two, than the width of the standard beams for use on roofs, in such a way that they can be embedded in a mortar pellet or other type of joint material that has been placed for this purpose on the beams.
  • This, which for the rest of the tiles is most of the time essential, for the tile of the invention, it is only necessary, if at all, where the weather or dependent conditions are very adverse.
  • This remarkable advantage, which implies savings in installation time and in the use of joining materials, is due to the design of the tiles, which forces them to be longitudinally supported and supported transversely, immobilizing them, due to their high weight and to the lift of the overlap of one on another.
  • Each tile has, with respect to its immediate ones and the beams, a predetermined posture for its installation, needing, as the only condition for its correct use, to be installed sequentially by rows. Only tiles that coincide with trestles, ridges, files or other encounters need to be cut according to needs, just as with any tile. Even the beams, at these points, may need to be closer together than the tile format predetermines, and the solution is also to cut the tiles wherever necessary.
  • a roof made with the tile of the invention incorporates all the elements required so that the roof does not need to be conditioned for the installation of the tiles, a requirement that any construction method of those described in the state of the art prior to the present patent has.
  • the beam and the ceramic tile of the invention are two, the beam and the ceramic tile of the invention.
  • the tile of the invention can be installed on a conventional board.
  • the installation will be made on battens arranged in the same way that the beams would do, of a width similar to these and of sufficient height, nailed or fixed to the board prior to the installation of the tiles.
  • the direct installation on a board without strips is not recommended since the supports of the tiles would be made on the overlaps, causing breaks or fissures in them.
  • the tile is manufactured, with an overlap for the second level of water drainage, which was previously discussed, located at the back and bottom of the tile, which, in this case, must have a height equivalent to that of the total unevenness of the support heels.
  • each tile would support the previous one in this overlap offering sufficient homogeneity of support.
  • the invention has the advantage that its installation is much easier due to the simplification of the process, since the tile itself replaces the board, due to the absence of staking, necessary in any other roof in which, in addition, it is necessary to place reference cords and, in some cases, use bench stands, and by the larger format , which reduces, in the worst case, by half the number of pieces needed per square meter compared to those conventionally made.
  • Other advantages are determined by the good ventilation of the tile and its insulating capacity, its large format and rigidity, the greater impermeability, since it has a superior surface for absorption and drying of water, in addition to two potential levels of drainage, and others.
  • the tile structure described up to this point although advantageous, has the disadvantage that the lower lateral recess to cause good support in the beams, making it impossible for them to move laterally or downward once installed, causes limitations in the use of beams, and cannot these are of a width greater than the sum of the two recesses, as in certain cases it may happen. In this case, either the tiles are widely separated, forced by the lateral stops, or they have to rest on the lower platform, for which they are not prepared, which may produce imbalances or poor supports. Likewise, when it is difficult to install the beams at a distance between their axes equal to what is required by the width of the tiles, plus the tolerance that has been considered, it is impossible to install the tiles on them in a homogeneous way.
  • the lower platform or sole of the tile in this case is flat, always resting on the beams, thus offering a continuous and homogeneous support surface so that to fix the tiles in a stable way, preventing their transverse movement and a possible detachment, the arrangement of a recess determined by some forks has been foreseen, which anchored in the lower platform, preferably in the rear part of the tiles and biting, protrude from the sole through its lower part, serving as a stop and therefore of engagement with the beam, for which said forks are installed as close as possible to said beams.
  • the vertical partitions that are between the sole and the intermediate platform of the tiles are used, whose arrangement and number can be such that they allow the better modulation of the measures that may be needed.
  • the fact that the forks bite the sole must sufficiently guarantee that no displacement occurs.
  • the installation of the set of tiles of a roof, with its finishes, will make that possibility even more impossible.
  • the tile is finished off at the lateral ends of its upper platform by two inclined planes as ascending tabs, with a height high enough to prevent them from being exceeded by the water flowing over the tile, which are complemented by the new secondary piece. It covers the two contiguous tile flanges, one on each tile and the closest ends, to cover the gap between tiles, so that it preferably reproduces the same design as the top deck of the tile.
  • the secondary piece has two recesses, one on each rear side, both recesses of sufficient height and depth to free the overlap of two contiguous tiles of the same row overlapping each other.
  • Figure 1.- Shows a front elevation view of the tile of the invention according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 2. Shows a perspective view of a tile equivalent to that represented in the previous figure, and mounted on two beams.
  • Figure 3. Shows a perspective view of another possible example of embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a perspective view of another possible example of embodiment of the invention, in which the recess is carried out by means of the arrangement of forks, and also the lateral overlap of the same course between two tiles is carried out by means of a complementary piece. .
  • Figure 5. Shows a detail of a possible embodiment of the support of the heels, represented in Figures 1 and 2, on the beams.
  • Figure 6. Shows a detail of another possible example of support for the heels, represented in Figures 1 and 2, on the beams.
  • Figure 7.- Shows a third detail of another possible support of the heels, of the tiles represented in Figures 1 and 2, on the beams.
  • Figure 8. Shows a perspective view from its rear and laterally of a variation of the tiles represented in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 9. Shows a perspective view of the assembly of two tiles of different courses and of the planned recess. in them to allow coupling.
  • Figure 10. Shows a schematic side elevation view of the arrangement of different consecutive courses, the first one being fixed by a stop. DESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MULTIPLE EXAMPLES OF REALIZATION
  • the tile of the invention consists of an upper platform 1 that defines the exterior shape of the tile and whose function is to collect rainwater, inside which an intermediate platform 2 and a lower platform 3 are provided, leaving The different platforms are connected to each other by vertical partitions 4 that define cameras as interior cells 5.
  • a recess defined by heels 6 has been provided, which constitute the support means on the beams 7, defining the fit on the beams, the ends of the lower platform 3 and the end partition that connects said lower platform 3 with intermediate 2.
  • the upper platform is determined by three waves 9 followed by planes 10, one of said undulations 9 defining an assembly 11 that forms a visor that protrudes from the part laterally as the upper platform 1 is wider and complements with an inclined plane 12, as a flange, provided on the other side of the tile. Furthermore, the upper platform 1 protrudes from its front part according to a visor 13 so that it allows the overlap between two tiles of consecutive courses covering the joint area between them.
  • figure 3 another aesthetic of the upper face has been represented, consisting of the simulation of two roof tiles 14 and two channels 15 that include the overlap 13 as a visor and also the assembly 11 that forms the side visor. Furthermore the embodiment of figure 3 shows a tile in which the heels have been removed, for which only a recess 8 has been provided in the bottom sole defining the support surface and it fits on two consecutive tiles 7.
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective of another possible Example of embodiment where the upper platform 1 does not define the visor 11, so that the sides are finished off by two inclined planes 12, the joint areas between two consecutive tiles of the same course being covered, by means of a complementary piece 23.
  • the support and retention recess of the tile is defined by the inclusion of some forks 24 that are anchored in the lower platform 3 and biting it, which protrude through the lower part of said lower platform 3, defining the stops that prevent lateral displacement. of the tile on the beams in which it is installed. Also the forks 24 side abut ⁇ with four vertical partitions also prevent lateral movement thereof towards them.
  • the upper platform 1 is finished off by the inclined planes 12 ascending at each of its lateral ends, so that once the tile is installed, the inclined planes 12 are covered with the complementary piece 23.
  • This complementary piece 23 has two recesses 25 in its back, one on each side, to rid the ski lift of the overlap with rear tiles.
  • This structure described in figure 4 allows the tiles to be mounted at different beam spacings, by enabling the forks 24 to be located at the required point of the lower platform or sole 3. Furthermore, this structure facilitates the maintenance of the roof, and in case of that a break occurs, there is no difficulty for its individual replacement, when overlaps are made with the complementary pieces 2. 3.
  • the visor 13 is also included, this does not hinder the replacement of a tile at all, since said visor is located superior to the adjacent tile of the previous course.
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 show details of different support possibilities of the tile shown in Figures 1 and 2 including heels 6, so that in Figure 5 heels 6 rest directly on the beams 7. While the support shown in figure 6 is made by means of a plastic element 16 interposed between the beam 7 and the heels 6 of the tile, the fixing of which is favored with a flange 17 located inside the heels 6 of the tile to make the thermal bridge structure.
  • Figure 7 shows the support of the heels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

La tuile décrite est formée d'une plate-forme supérieure (1) de collecte et d'évacuation des eaux pluviales, une plate-forme intermédiaire (2), une plate-forme inférieure (3) et des parois verticales (4) définissant des chambres creuses, du type de petites cellules (5) et est fabriquée par extrusion, ce qui permet la fabrication de tuiles très résistantes et de grandes dimensions. L'invention concerne des moyens (6, 24) de support et d'emboîtement de la tuile sur deux poutres consécutives, de façon à effectuer la pose des tuiles directement sur les poutres sans avoir recours à des éléments supplémentaires.
PCT/ES1998/000007 1997-01-16 1998-01-16 Tuile en ceramique a poser sur des poutres WO1998031894A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES9700074 1997-01-16
ESP9700074 1997-01-16
ESP9702578 1997-12-11
ES9702578 1997-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998031894A1 true WO1998031894A1 (fr) 1998-07-23

Family

ID=26155027

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES1998/000007 WO1998031894A1 (fr) 1997-01-16 1998-01-16 Tuile en ceramique a poser sur des poutres

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1998031894A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2172400A1 (es) * 2000-05-26 2002-09-16 Garcia M Victoria Sanchez Teja extruida de extructura celular.
CN102787697A (zh) * 2012-09-03 2012-11-21 张国明 陶瓷连锁瓦制作方法及其陶瓷连锁瓦
EP2614191A1 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2013-07-17 3M Innovative Properties Company {0>article de ventilation au-dessus d'une toiture-terrasse<}0{><0}
CN104405087A (zh) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-11 西南科技大学 一种梯形槽屋面砖
US9228356B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2016-01-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Above-deck roof venting article
CN110607875A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-24 山东省路桥集团有限公司 一种冬夏两用隔热保温砖
TWI685606B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2020-02-21 詹廣志 屋頂通風調溫組合裝置的浪板
TWI686530B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2020-03-01 詹廣志 屋頂通風調溫組合裝置
DE102019004850A1 (de) * 2019-07-13 2021-01-14 Holger Wild Dachziegel mlt Protektor

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2214021A1 (fr) * 1973-01-12 1974-08-09 Blanquet Andre
FR2359257A1 (fr) * 1976-07-21 1978-02-17 Saret Entrevous resistant au feu
FR2384913A1 (fr) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Millard Julien Tuiles isothermes et toit compose de telles tuiles
FR2682411A1 (fr) * 1991-10-15 1993-04-16 Ailhaud Jean Michel Systeme de plancher prefabrique isolant a table de compression incorporee.
EP0663485A1 (fr) * 1994-01-13 1995-07-19 Aloth Usher Stratford Système de plancher
EP0692587A1 (fr) * 1994-07-11 1996-01-17 Antonio Monturiol Jalon Ensemble de tuiles, de courant et de couvert, présentant un élément à double étanchéité, se chevauchant transversalement ainsi que longitudimalement

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2214021A1 (fr) * 1973-01-12 1974-08-09 Blanquet Andre
FR2359257A1 (fr) * 1976-07-21 1978-02-17 Saret Entrevous resistant au feu
FR2384913A1 (fr) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Millard Julien Tuiles isothermes et toit compose de telles tuiles
FR2682411A1 (fr) * 1991-10-15 1993-04-16 Ailhaud Jean Michel Systeme de plancher prefabrique isolant a table de compression incorporee.
EP0663485A1 (fr) * 1994-01-13 1995-07-19 Aloth Usher Stratford Système de plancher
EP0692587A1 (fr) * 1994-07-11 1996-01-17 Antonio Monturiol Jalon Ensemble de tuiles, de courant et de couvert, présentant un élément à double étanchéité, se chevauchant transversalement ainsi que longitudimalement

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2172400A1 (es) * 2000-05-26 2002-09-16 Garcia M Victoria Sanchez Teja extruida de extructura celular.
US9945127B2 (en) 2010-09-08 2018-04-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Above-deck roof venting article, system and methods
EP2614191A1 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2013-07-17 3M Innovative Properties Company {0>article de ventilation au-dessus d'une toiture-terrasse<}0{><0}
EP2614191A4 (fr) * 2010-09-08 2014-06-25 3M Innovative Properties Co {0>article de ventilation au-dessus d'une toiture-terrasse<}0{><0}
US9228356B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2016-01-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Above-deck roof venting article
CN102787697B (zh) * 2012-09-03 2014-10-29 张国明 陶瓷连锁瓦制作方法及其陶瓷连锁瓦
CN102787697A (zh) * 2012-09-03 2012-11-21 张国明 陶瓷连锁瓦制作方法及其陶瓷连锁瓦
CN104405087A (zh) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-11 西南科技大学 一种梯形槽屋面砖
TWI685606B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2020-02-21 詹廣志 屋頂通風調溫組合裝置的浪板
TWI686530B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2020-03-01 詹廣志 屋頂通風調溫組合裝置
US10760279B2 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-09-01 Kuan-Chih Jang Corrugated plate for ventilating and dissipating heat from a roof
US10787815B2 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-09-29 Kuan-Chih Jang Ventilating and heat dissipating assembly for a roof
DE102019004850A1 (de) * 2019-07-13 2021-01-14 Holger Wild Dachziegel mlt Protektor
CN110607875A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-24 山东省路桥集团有限公司 一种冬夏两用隔热保温砖
CN110607875B (zh) * 2019-09-16 2020-09-15 山东省路桥集团有限公司 一种冬夏两用隔热保温砖

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