WO1998009509A1 - Dispositif de filtrage pour eau de reservoir destinee a des poissons d'aquarium - Google Patents
Dispositif de filtrage pour eau de reservoir destinee a des poissons d'aquarium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998009509A1 WO1998009509A1 PCT/JP1997/003025 JP9703025W WO9809509A1 WO 1998009509 A1 WO1998009509 A1 WO 1998009509A1 JP 9703025 W JP9703025 W JP 9703025W WO 9809509 A1 WO9809509 A1 WO 9809509A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- filter medium
- filtration device
- filter
- filtration
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252229 Carassius auratus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004417 patella Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aquarium fish tank water filtration device, and more particularly to a filter medium storage box and a filter medium in which a cross-sectional area of a filter medium accommodated in the filter medium with respect to a water flow is made as small as possible and a plurality of types of filter media are detachably arranged.
- It relates to a filter device for fish tank water.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a conventional filtration device.
- This filtration device is generally referred to as an open type filtration device.
- filter media such as glass wool 21 and ceramic particles 22 are laminated to form a filtration layer, and water in a water tank 23 is used as a motor.
- the water is pumped up by the water sprinkler 24 and sprinkled on the filter layer through a plurality of water sprinkling holes (not shown) formed in the water sprinkling pipe 25.
- the larger dust is removed from the glass wool 21, and then the ceramic particles 2 2 Is used to perform biological filtration (decompose organic matter such as fish excreta, dead leaves, and residual food into nitrate that is harmless to fish by a patella), and return to the water tank 23 again.
- biological filtration decompose organic matter such as fish excreta, dead leaves, and residual food into nitrate that is harmless to fish by a patella
- the above-mentioned filtration device is placed on the upper part of the water tank as a lid, or is installed separately from the water tank. If the capacity of the water tank is large, the filter media is increased in proportion to the capacity. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the size of the filtration device needs to be increased, and the aesthetic appearance of the ornamental fish tank is impaired. Also, if the filter media is not homogeneous, water tends to form a specific channel and flow only through it, so even if the size of the filter is increased, most parts of the turret will not work effectively for filtration. There was uneconomic.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the conventional filtering device.
- This filter is generally referred to as a closed filter, in which various filter media 27 are stacked and housed inside a cylindrical or square cylindrical closed box 26, and the water in the water tank 23 is removed.
- the motor 24 is forcibly circulated.
- the water flow selects a low resistance portion in the filter material 27 to form a passage, so that the filter material that works effectively for filtration is extremely small.
- it has the same drawbacks as the above-mentioned open type filtration apparatus that it is difficult to wash or replace a part of the filter medium.
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and it is easy to clean or replace a part of the filter medium, and it is possible to reduce the size of the apparatus. It is to provide a water filtration device.
- the present invention provides an aquarium fish tank water filtration device for forcibly circulating water in an aquarium for breeding aquarium fish through a filter medium.
- the filter medium storage box and the filter medium accommodated therein are reduced in cross-sectional area, and the water in the water tank is configured to pass through the filter medium in a zigzag manner.
- the distance through which the water passes through the filter medium can be increased, and the size of the filtration device can be reduced without reducing the water purification capacity.
- FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view showing an aquarium fish tank water filtration device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where the filtration device shown in FIG. 1 is installed in a water tank.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the flow of water in the filtration device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an aquarium fish tank water filtration device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the flow of water in the filtration device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a conventional filtration device.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the conventional filtering device.
- FIG. 1 shows an aquarium fish tank water filtration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where the filtration device is attached to a water tank.
- This filter device is in contact with a housing 3 composed of a thin box-shaped case body 1 having an open upper end, a lid 2 covering the opening of the case body 1, and a bottom surface and a wall surface of the housing 3.
- the inside of the body 3 is divided vertically into, for example, six filtration chambers 4 a to 4 f (partially omitted), 5 a to 5 e (not shown), and filtration chambers 4 a to 4 f, respectively. It is roughly composed of a plurality of filter medium storage boxes 6a to 6f (not shown) that can be attached and detached.
- the partition walls 5a to 5e are provided from the bottom surface of the case body] to a position away from the top surface of the lid 2 by a predetermined distance, and the lower ends of the partition walls 5a to 5e have stoppers projecting to both sides. Are formed.
- the stopper 7 is similarly formed at the lower end corners of both side walls of the case body 1.
- openings 17 through which water passes.
- partition walls 5 a, 5 c, and 5 e shall be located at a predetermined distance from the bottom of case body 1, and the lower part of partition walls 5 a, 5 c, and 5 e shall be It may be configured to allow water to pass through.
- a ventilation hole 13 is formed for letting a small amount of gas such as carbon dioxide generated in the filtration chambers 4a to 4 4 escape.
- the water in the upstream filtration chamber which has a relatively higher oxygen content than the water in the downstream filtration chamber, will be partially removed. It leaks into the downstream filtration chamber and is effective in maintaining the growth of useful bacteria in the downstream filtration chamber.
- the filter medium storage box 6a has four side plates 8 that can be fitted into the filtration chamber 4a and a plurality of water holes 9 provided at the upper and lower ends of the follower plate 8.
- the filter medium storage boxes 6b to 6f have the same configuration as the filter medium storage box 6a.
- filter media such as glass wool, activated charcoal, ceramics, gravel, mat, sponge, etc. are individually accommodated in the filter media storage boxes 6a to 6f, depending on the fish to be bred. ing.
- this filtration device connects a water supply pipe 15a with a suction motor 14 attached to the tip and a water supply pipe 15b for drainage near both ends of the lid 2, respectively. And install it so that it is suspended from the back of aquarium 16.
- a filtration device By installing a filtration device on the back of the water tank, it does not hinder the appreciation of fish and does not impair the aesthetic appearance.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the flow of water in the filtration device.
- the water that has reached the filtration device is first filtered through the filter medium in the filter storage box 6a through the water holes 9 in the upper plate 10 of the filter medium storage box 6a, and is filtered through the water holes 9 in the bottom plate 11. Through the opening 17 of the partition wall 5a.
- the water that has passed through one opening is filtered through the filter medium in the adjacent filter medium storage box 6b, and reaches the adjacent filter medium storage box 6c via the water passage hole 9 in the upper plate 10.
- the water that has reached the filter medium storage box 6c is similarly filtered by the filter medium in the filter medium storage box 6c, passes through the opening 17 of the partition wall 5c, and reaches the adjacent filter medium storage box 6d. .
- the water is filtered while passing in a zigzag manner in the water channel formed by the partition walls 5a to 5e, as shown by arrows in FIG. Then, the water filtered by the filter medium in the final filter medium storage box 6 f passes through the water supply hole 15 of the upper plate 10 of the filter medium storage box 6 f, passes through the water supply pipe 15 b, and returns to the water tank 16. Will be returned.
- the filter medium storage boxes 6a to 6f are configured so that water passes through the filter medium in the filtration device in a zigzag manner, the distance over which the water passes through the filter medium can be increased. Accordingly, the cross-sectional area of the filter medium storage box and the filter medium with respect to the water flow can be made as small as possible. The weight can be reduced. Also, since there is very little opportunity for aeration in the equipment, carbon dioxide useful for the growth of aquatic plants is not released, and good results can be obtained for the growth of aquatic plants.
- the filter media inside the filter media storage box 6 becomes dirty due to the use of the filter device and needs to be replaced, open the filter device lid 2 and place the filter media that needs to be replaced as shown in Fig. 1. Pull up the filter media storage box 6 to the lifting section, remove it from the filtration chamber 4, and replace it with a filter media storage box containing new filter media.
- the filter media are individually stored in the filter media storage boxes 6a to 6mm, only the necessary filter media can be easily replaced.
- the type and arrangement of the filter media can be easily changed according to the characteristics of the fish to be bred.
- Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. Components in the figure having the same configuration as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
- FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a filtration device according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the flow of water in the filtration device ⁇ .
- This filtration device is roughly composed of a housing 3 (case body 1 and lid 2), partition walls 5a to 5e, and filter medium storage boxes 6a to 6f, as described above.
- the openings 17 for water passage are not formed at the lower ends of the partitions 5a, 5c, 5e, and the upper ends of the partitions 5a to 5e are the same.
- the structure of the filter medium storage box 6a will be described as a representative of the filter medium storage box 6a.
- the partition wall 1 2 which is fixed to the center of the bottom plate 1 1 and the side plate 8 respectively and divides the filter medium storage box 6 a vertically into two It is composed of
- the filter medium storage boxes 6a to 6f are inserted into the filtration chambers 4a to 4mm so that the partition 12 is parallel to the partitions 5a to 5e.
- the filtration storage boxes 6a to 6f are positioned by the stopper 7, and when the lid 2 is closed, the filter storage boxes 6a to 6f are closed by the partition walls 12 of the filter medium storage boxes 6a to 6mm.
- the upper end is in contact with the inner surface of the lid 2.
- the water that has reached the filtration device first collects the filter media through the water holes 9 in the upper plate 10 of the filter media storage box 6a.
- the filter is filtered through the filter medium on the left side of the container box 6a in the figure, and then through the vent hole 9 of the bottom plate 11 through the filter medium on the right side of the filter medium storage box 6a.
- the water reaches the adjacent filter medium storage box 6b through the water hole 9 of the upper plate 10 of the filter medium storage box 6a, and similarly, the filter medium on the left side and the filter medium on the right side of the filter medium storage box 6b.
- the water passes through the filter medium of the filter medium storage box divided into two by the partition wall 12 in a U-shape, and then sequentially reaches the adjacent filter medium storage box separated by the partition walls 5a to 5e.
- the water passes through the filtration device in a zigzag manner as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5 and is filtered.
- the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
- the number of the filtration chambers 4 and the number of the filter medium storage boxes 6 can be changed according to the size of the water tank and the type of fish, and it is not necessary to insert the filter medium storage boxes 6 in all the filtration chambers 4.
- the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 11 can be detached without being fixed to the filter medium storage box 6, only the filter medium that needs cleaning or replacement can be taken out of the filter medium storage box 6 and easily cleaned or replaced. In this case, the filter medium storage box 6 can be used repeatedly.
- the filtration device on the bottom of the water tank 16 like a table. In this case, the installation space is further reduced and the appearance is good. Alternatively, it can be installed like a lid on the top of the water tank 16.
- the filter device of the ornamental fish tank water of this invention the cross-sectional area with respect to the water flow of the filter medium storage box and the filter medium accommodated in it is reduced, and the water purification
- the filtration device can be installed on the back and bottom of the water tank, etc., and the fish can be enjoyed without harming the aesthetic appearance. is there.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002265637A CA2265637A1 (en) | 1996-09-09 | 1997-08-29 | Filtration device for tank water for acquarium fish |
EP97937843A EP1013167A4 (en) | 1996-09-09 | 1997-08-29 | FILTER DEVICE FOR TANK WATER FOR AQUARIUM FISH |
US09/254,393 US6210567B1 (en) | 1996-09-09 | 1997-08-29 | Filtration device for tank water for aquarium fish |
AU40325/97A AU729001B2 (en) | 1996-09-09 | 1997-08-29 | Aquarium water filtration system |
HK00100875A HK1021924A1 (en) | 1996-09-09 | 2000-02-14 | Filtration device for tank water for acquarium fish |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8260205A JP2976067B2 (ja) | 1996-09-09 | 1996-09-09 | 観賞魚水槽水の濾過装置 |
JP8/260205 | 1996-09-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998009509A1 true WO1998009509A1 (fr) | 1998-03-12 |
Family
ID=17344807
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1997/003025 WO1998009509A1 (fr) | 1996-09-09 | 1997-08-29 | Dispositif de filtrage pour eau de reservoir destinee a des poissons d'aquarium |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6210567B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1013167A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2976067B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20010029490A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1081891C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU729001B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2265637A1 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1021924A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW355123B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1998009509A1 (ja) |
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US6383372B1 (en) * | 2000-01-08 | 2002-05-07 | Michael H. Houck | Sequential flow filtration chamber for treatment of waste water and associated method |
KR100382149B1 (ko) * | 2000-11-30 | 2003-05-09 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 스트론튬 탄탈륨 산화물 박막 형성 방법 |
US6475382B2 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-11-05 | Co2 Solution Inc. | Treatment unit for treating a fluid and method thereof |
US6585888B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2003-07-01 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Aquarium filter system with interchangeable filter cartridges |
CA2353307A1 (fr) | 2001-07-13 | 2003-01-13 | Carmen Parent | Appareil et procede pour le traitement des effluents gazeux |
KR20030025517A (ko) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-03-29 | 최병규 | 어조의 물 정화장치 |
US6755981B2 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-06-29 | Kuniaki Terato | Aquarium cleaning system |
CA2405635A1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2004-03-27 | C02 Solution Inc. | A process and a plant for the production of useful carbonated species and for the recycling of carbon dioxide emissions from power plants |
ITVR20030060A1 (it) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-15 | Ferplast Spa | Dispositivo di filtrazione per acquari |
US8513848B2 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2013-08-20 | Mag Life, Llc | Aquarium having improved filtration system with neutral buoyancy substrate, pump and sediment removal system |
US8033252B2 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2011-10-11 | Mag-Life Llc | Aquarium having improved filtration system with neutral buoyancy substrate, pump and sediment removal system |
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EP1848268A4 (en) * | 2005-02-05 | 2009-03-25 | Sharon Korea Item Company Ltd | FOAM FILTER FOR AQUARIUM WITH AIR AND WATER PURIFICATION FUNCTION |
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CN2894269Y (zh) * | 2005-12-02 | 2007-05-02 | 胡兴潮 | 水族外挂式紫外线杀菌过滤器 |
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KR101028714B1 (ko) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-04-14 | 이재필 | 교체 가능한 필터를 갖는 수족관 정수장치 |
EP2281452B1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2013-10-02 | Askoll Holding S.r.l. | Filtering unit for an aquarium vessel including at least one removable filter cartridge |
JP5593057B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-02 | 2014-09-17 | ヤンマー株式会社 | 水槽 |
KR101416489B1 (ko) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-07-10 | 심규운 | 여과조를 구비하는 수족관 |
KR101404144B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-06-11 | 서용섭 | 작동중인 수족관을 청소하는 시스템 |
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GB201512950D0 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-09-02 | Moorhead David A | Vehicle cleaning method |
KR101631283B1 (ko) | 2015-10-21 | 2016-06-16 | 이원석 | 수조 여과장치 |
DE102016005993B4 (de) * | 2016-05-18 | 2018-04-12 | Ursula Röttger | Reinigungsvorrichtung für wasserführende Behälter |
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CN109275617A (zh) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-29 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | 一种水产养殖水污分离及水循环利用系统 |
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CN113678773A (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 武义七点智能科技有限公司 | 纵向抽格式过滤鱼缸 |
CN114027249A (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 浙江大学中原研究院 | 一种智能化鱼缸自动补水装置及补水方法 |
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JPS5867514A (ja) | 1981-10-19 | 1983-04-22 | Nippon Radiator Co Ltd | 自動車用空気調和装置 |
JPS58128693A (ja) | 1982-01-26 | 1983-08-01 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 高周波加熱装置 |
JPS6056909B2 (ja) * | 1982-04-13 | 1985-12-12 | 阪神エレクトリツク株式会社 | 内燃機関の点火装置 |
JPS6039043A (ja) | 1983-08-10 | 1985-02-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 芯出し装置 |
JPH0722656B2 (ja) | 1985-11-29 | 1995-03-15 | 有限会社フレツクスアイ | 水槽用フイルタ−パツク |
JPH0816789B2 (ja) | 1989-09-05 | 1996-02-21 | 株式会社巴川製紙所 | 静電荷像現像用トナー |
JP2964272B2 (ja) | 1989-12-11 | 1999-10-18 | 株式会社コーセー | 液晶組成物及びそれを含有する化粧料 |
US5171438A (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1992-12-15 | Korcz Robert L | Aquarium filtration system |
-
1996
- 1996-09-09 JP JP8260205A patent/JP2976067B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-08-29 CN CN97197776A patent/CN1081891C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-29 CA CA002265637A patent/CA2265637A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-08-29 KR KR1019997001926A patent/KR20010029490A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-29 WO PCT/JP1997/003025 patent/WO1998009509A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-29 EP EP97937843A patent/EP1013167A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-08-29 US US09/254,393 patent/US6210567B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-29 AU AU40325/97A patent/AU729001B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-02 TW TW086112606A patent/TW355123B/zh active
-
2000
- 2000-02-14 HK HK00100875A patent/HK1021924A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51161397U (ja) * | 1975-06-17 | 1976-12-22 | ||
JPS5415899A (en) * | 1977-06-28 | 1979-02-06 | Kato Yukio | Sinkable filter instrument for fish breeding |
JPS58128693U (ja) * | 1982-02-25 | 1983-08-31 | 新日本コア株式会社 | 水槽用水浄化装置 |
JPS58178869U (ja) * | 1982-05-24 | 1983-11-30 | 田口 幸人 | 観賞魚水槽用濾過装置 |
JPS62282613A (ja) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-12-08 | Kimiko Shima | 階段式ろ過槽 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1013167A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20010029490A (ko) | 2001-04-06 |
CN1081891C (zh) | 2002-04-03 |
EP1013167A4 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
JP2976067B2 (ja) | 1999-11-10 |
AU4032597A (en) | 1998-03-26 |
EP1013167A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
JPH1080237A (ja) | 1998-03-31 |
CA2265637A1 (en) | 1998-03-12 |
CN1230095A (zh) | 1999-09-29 |
AU729001B2 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
HK1021924A1 (en) | 2000-07-21 |
TW355123B (en) | 1999-04-01 |
US6210567B1 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
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