WO1997033219A1 - Processeur d'images - Google Patents

Processeur d'images Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997033219A1
WO1997033219A1 PCT/JP1997/000648 JP9700648W WO9733219A1 WO 1997033219 A1 WO1997033219 A1 WO 1997033219A1 JP 9700648 W JP9700648 W JP 9700648W WO 9733219 A1 WO9733219 A1 WO 9733219A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
image
intermediate code
coordinate
vector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1997/000648
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kazumi Kobayashi
Original Assignee
Copyer Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Copyer Co., Ltd. filed Critical Copyer Co., Ltd.
Priority to US09/142,264 priority Critical patent/US6266455B1/en
Priority to JP53165797A priority patent/JP3527249B2/ja
Priority to EP97903653A priority patent/EP0919909B1/en
Priority to DE69737717T priority patent/DE69737717T2/de
Publication of WO1997033219A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997033219A1/ja

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J5/00—Devices or arrangements for controlling character selection
    • B41J5/30—Character or syllable selection controlled by recorded information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/12—Digital output to print unit, e.g. line printer, chain printer
    • G06F3/1201—Dedicated interfaces to print systems
    • G06F3/1202—Dedicated interfaces to print systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/1218—Reducing or saving of used resources, e.g. avoiding waste of consumables or improving usage of hardware resources
    • G06F3/122—Reducing or saving of used resources, e.g. avoiding waste of consumables or improving usage of hardware resources with regard to computing resources, e.g. memory, CPU
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/12—Digital output to print unit, e.g. line printer, chain printer
    • G06F3/1201—Dedicated interfaces to print systems
    • G06F3/1223—Dedicated interfaces to print systems specifically adapted to use a particular technique
    • G06F3/1237—Print job management
    • G06F3/1244—Job translation or job parsing, e.g. page banding
    • G06F3/1245—Job translation or job parsing, e.g. page banding by conversion to intermediate or common format
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/12—Digital output to print unit, e.g. line printer, chain printer
    • G06F3/1201—Dedicated interfaces to print systems
    • G06F3/1278—Dedicated interfaces to print systems specifically adapted to adopt a particular infrastructure
    • G06F3/1285—Remote printer device, e.g. being remote from client or server
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
    • G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/12—Digital output to print unit, e.g. line printer, chain printer
    • G06F3/1201—Dedicated interfaces to print systems
    • G06F3/1223—Dedicated interfaces to print systems specifically adapted to use a particular technique
    • G06F3/1237—Print job management
    • G06F3/1244—Job translation or job parsing, e.g. page banding
    • G06F3/1247—Job translation or job parsing, e.g. page banding by conversion to printer ready format
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K2215/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data
    • G06K2215/0002—Handling the output data
    • G06K2215/0005—Accepting output data; Preparing data for the controlling system
    • G06K2215/0014—Transforming the printer input data into internal codes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K2215/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data
    • G06K2215/0002—Handling the output data
    • G06K2215/0062—Handling the output data combining generic and host data, e.g. filling a raster
    • G06K2215/0065—Page or partial page composition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image processing apparatus suitable for being applied to a plotter apparatus, a printer apparatus, etc., which converts vector data into raster data and prints for each predetermined unit area, and in particular, converts vector data to intermediate codes.
  • a plotter apparatus a printer apparatus, etc.
  • converts vector data into raster data and prints for each predetermined unit area and in particular, converts vector data to intermediate codes.
  • a raster plotter device that scans a carriage equipped with a recording head and converts the input image data into predetermined unit areas (for example, for each band) as described below.
  • a banding type raster blotter for converting an intermediate code into an intermediate code and converting the intermediate code into raster data.
  • band means a band-shaped area recorded by scanning the head for I times.
  • this banding-type raster plotter apparatus defines the above-mentioned start point and end point and adds the various kinds of modification information to the vector data, and is called a display list. This is converted to an intermediate code, and this intermediate code is subjected to vector Z raster conversion processing (Vector-to-Raster
  • VRC VRC Conversion
  • This intermediate code is data in a format suitable for vector / raster conversion processing, and based on the vector data constituting the input image data, each vector reflecting the above-mentioned modification information on a band-by-band basis. Is constituted by the coordinate data constituting the contour of. A specific example of the intermediate code will be described later.
  • Such banding type rustab mouth cutters use an intermediate code when re-plotting (riblotting) data that was previously blocked.
  • this intermediate code is generated in the form of coordinate data reflecting the above-mentioned modification information and the like. For this reason, it is not easy to change the rotation processing, enlargement processing, reduction processing, line width, etc. later.
  • the input image data for each band is By changing the plot parameters, a question code can be generated.
  • this requires an input buffer memory with a large storage capacity, there is a problem on the component mounting surface. This is not realistic.
  • the image recording means rearranges the image recording positions as shown in Fig. .
  • the rearrangement location is determined in consideration of the image size when the image of the input image data is formed on actual paper.
  • the size of the actual paper and the image size of each image data must be determined before the input image data is converted into the intermediate code. Therefore, the actual paper size must be known based on instructions from the user, information obtained from the print engine 26, and the like. Also, regarding the image size, it is necessary to explicitly indicate the image size in the form of a data header or the like before starting the input of image data, and an explicit instruction from the user. . Therefore, the next input image data 5 'is supplied to the plotter. At this time, if the size of the paper to be fed next is undefined, it is impossible to generate an intermediate code for the input image data. As a result, idle time is generated in the operation of the CPU, and there is a problem in terms of efficient use of the CPU.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and converts input image data into raster data without providing a large-capacity memory for bitmap development. It is another object of the present invention to provide an image processing apparatus capable of changing decoration information or the like before plotting without providing an input buffer memory having a large storage capacity.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a dual image processing apparatus capable of analyzing input image data and enabling effective use of a CPU even if the paper size to be plotted in advance is not fixed. . Disclosure of the invention
  • An image processing apparatus is an image processing apparatus that forms both images in band units, and is based on coordinate data of end points of each vector of a vector group forming an image and various kinds of modification information of the vector.
  • Data format conversion means for converting the image data into format image data; storage means for storing the entirety of the second data format image data obtained by the data format conversion means;
  • the intermediate unit is composed of coordinate data constituting the outline of each vector in which the various kinds of modification information are reflected in the band unit.
  • Intermediate code generating means for generating a code, and raster data generating means for converting the intermediate code obtained by the intermediate code generating means into corresponding raster data in band units.
  • the image processing apparatus converts vector data, which is input image data having the first data format, into image data (blur intermediate code) of a second data format different from this.
  • image data Blur intermediate code
  • the second data is added to the vector data in the form of adding the various types of modification information described above.
  • the image data in the data format is stored in the storage means.
  • the coordinate data of the second data format is variable-length data, and immediately before the coordinate data of each coordinate point, the data length of the coordinate data and the absolute coordinate / relative A predetermined fixed-length index data for identifying the type of coordinates is added. In this case, if coordinate data of the same type continues, the index data can be omitted for the second and subsequent coordinate data.
  • the coordinate data and the instruction data are distinguished by, for example, a value of a head bit of unit data of a plurality of predetermined bits.
  • the various modification information includes fixed-length pen attribute data, and a fixed-length index data of the identification ffl is added immediately before the pen attribute data. It is preferable that the vane attribute data is added only to the coordinate data of the vector in which the various kinds of modification information have changed, and that the attribute data is omitted for the vector in which the modification information does not change.
  • the image data of the second data format usually has a larger data amount than the image data of the first data format. Is reduced (compressed). Therefore, the storage capacity required for the storage means for storing the image data of the second data format (blur code) is saved.
  • the intermediate code generating means may perform various types of image data of the second data format according to a user's instruction.
  • a means may be provided for using the decoration information designated by the user in preference to the decoration information.
  • the image processing apparatus includes a unit that changes modification information specified by a user among various modification information described in the image data of the second data format stored in the storage unit. You can.
  • the image processing apparatus may be configured such that, when the intermediate code is generated by the intermediate code generating means based on the image data of the second data format, a position and a direction in which a plurality of images are arranged on a sheet. May be provided.
  • the data format conversion unit detects a size of the input image based on the input image data, and outputs an image size representing the detected image size. Means for including the size data in the image data of the second data format, and determining the position and the orientation with reference to the image size data.
  • the image processing apparatus may include a unit for enlarging or reducing an image when the intermediate code generation unit generates a medium code based on the image data of the second data format. Good.
  • the present invention by holding the pre-intermediate code in which the modification information is not determined in the storage means, it is easy to change the modification information and to rearrange both images by such various means.
  • the virtual paper size for plotting and layout display is large in advance, it is possible to analyze the input image data even when the actual paper size to be set is not known in advance. It can be. Since the modification information can be changed for the pre-intermediate code, when converting from the pre-intermediate code to the intermediate code, it is possible to plot the image according to the practical paper size. Also, when roll paper is used as plot paper or when there is a high possibility of continuous data transmission, such as when using a cut sheet feeder, paper that is actually set Even if the size of the image is changed, the input image data can be analyzed in advance based on the pre-intermediate code when the CPU has enough time to process. Therefore, the CPU can be effectively used.
  • the pre-intermediate code can be subjected to various modification information change processing and predetermined layout information, and then converted to raster data and displayed in a modern manner. Therefore, correction and the like can be made while watching the layout displayed on the monitor, and a desired image state and the like can be reliably realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment in which the image processing device according to the present invention is applied to a plotter device.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration when the plotter device according to the embodiment is configured using a CPU.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a conversion procedure when converting vector data into raster data in the plotter device according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing a format of a pre-intermediate code used in the plotter device according to the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the data structure of the index data and coordinate data constituting the pre-intermediate code.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining integer data used in the pre-intermediate code.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the integer data in FIG. 6 is converted into a pre-intermediate code.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining general vector data.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram conceptually showing a conversion procedure when converting vector data into raster data in a conventional banding type raster plotter device.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the format of the blurred intermediate code in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining pen attributes.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining various variable names of the pen attribute in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the connection type of the line segment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the intermediate code in the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the data sequence of the intermediate code in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the format of the intermediate code in the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the input image data in the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of commands used for the input image data of FIG.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the block results obtained from the input image data of Fig. 16. You.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining image rearrangement in the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the image size included in the blurred intermediate code in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • the image processing apparatus is applied to an inkjet type plotter apparatus that involves scanning of a carriage equipped with an inkjet recording head.
  • this plotter device temporarily stores a data communication unit 1 for receiving input image data from a host computer device 11 and input image data received by the data communication unit 1.
  • Buffer 2 which is a ring buffer for performing the operation, a data analysis unit 3 for controlling the entire plotter device, and an input unit 5 including an operation panel of the plotter device for inputting various decoration information and the like.
  • an input detection unit 4 that detects various kinds of modification information and the like from the input unit 5 and supplies the information to the data analysis unit 3.
  • Plotter apparatus further control program, pre-intermediate codes of the apparatus, an intermediate code, a storage unit 6 to be modified information such force s memory, to confirm the layout shown Table in advance image or the like for plot
  • a display unit 8 capable of controlling image display of the display unit 8, a printing unit 10 for plotting an image corresponding to the input image data, and a printing unit 1
  • a print control unit 9 for controlling printing of 0.
  • the storage unit 6 includes, for example, a semiconductor memory, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic disk (a full-width disk, a node disk, and the like).
  • FIG. 2 shows a hardware configuration in a case where the functions of the data analysis unit 3 and the control function of the entire apparatus shown in FIG. 1 are realized using a central processing unit (CPU).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the CPU bus line 11 includes a CPU 12, F 1 ash R 0 M 13 for storing a program, various fonts and a boot program.
  • An EEPROM 14 for storage, an EEPROM 15 for storing various decoration information set by the user, a RAM 16 used as the input buffer memory 2 and a work area, and an engine interface for communication with the print engine 26 (
  • the engine I / F unit 25 and the I / O bus line 27 are connected to each other.
  • the print engine 26 and the engine I unit 25 correspond to the print control unit 9 and the print unit 10 in FIG. 1, respectively.
  • the I0 bus line 27 has an SCU (Serial Communication Unit) 17 and a PTC (Programmable Timer) for interrupt processing and timer processing.
  • SCU Serial Communication Unit
  • PTC Programmable Timer
  • FI FOR AM 20 is connected to each. Further, the SCU 1 7 is Siri Aruinta one face are connected (serial IF) unit 2 1 force f, the F 10 units 19, key - panel 22 and a liquid crystal (LCD) display device 23 it Connected.
  • the key panel 22 corresponds to the input unit 5 in FIG. 1, and the liquid crystal display 23 corresponds to the display unit 8 in FIG.
  • the FI FOR AM 20 is connected to a parallel interface (parallel IF) unit 24 s'.
  • Serial 1 / Funit 21 or parallel IZF unit 24 power s' Configures the data communication unit 1 in Fig. 1 described above.
  • the CPU 12 stores an arbitrary memory of the Flash R0M13, the EP ROM 14, the EEP ROM 15 and the RAMI 6 (these correspond to the storage unit 6). Each part is controlled according to a program stored in the computer.
  • the data communication unit 1 receives the vector data which is the input image data (S31), and temporarily stores it in the input buffer memory 2.
  • the data analysis unit 3 reads the input image data stored in the input buffer memory 2 and finds the end points (start point and end point) of the single line segment (vector) included in the input image data.
  • the modification information for the single line segment is converted into a blurred intermediate code format, which is image data of the second data format, described later (S32). With this conversion
  • the entire obtained pre-intermediate code is stored in the storage unit 64.
  • the process of storing the input image data in the input buffer memory 2 and the process of converting the data format of the input image data stored in the input buffer memory 2 are performed in parallel.
  • the data analysis unit 3 generates a corresponding intermediate code based on the pre-intermediate code stored in the storage unit 64 (S33). Into an intermediate code. This intermediate code is also stored in another area of the storage unit 64. The intermediate code may be stored for the entire input image, or may be temporarily stored for the required capacity during the subsequent VRC processing.
  • the numerical value representing the coordinates used in the intermediate code uses the unit system by the print dot to actually print. Specifically, a coordinate system of (1/360 inch) unit which is the resolution of the recording head is used. Further, the decoration information held up to the pre-intermediate code is reflected on each line segment. That is, based on the coordinate values of the vector data, the coordinates of the outline of the line segment actually printed are calculated for each band.
  • this blurred intermediate code When converting this blurred intermediate code to intermediate code, the user must change the modification information of each vector (actually, the modification information of a virtual pen for drawing it), change the paper size, etc. The ability to do becomes possible. Also, in the case of a reblot, it is possible to obtain a new image at high speed while enabling the above-mentioned various changes by re-analyzing from the pre-intermediate code.
  • the data analysis unit 3 converts the intermediate code thus obtained into raster data and supplies the raster data to the print engine 26 (S34).
  • the information on a single line and the modification information corresponding to the single line still exist independently of each other. That is, the decoration information is not reflected in the coordinate data of the single line segment, and the decoration information is in a state where it can be changed independently.
  • the second data format has a reduced (compressed) data amount of the entire image data as compared with the first data format.
  • the user instructs the layout display using the input unit 5 shown in FIG. Instructions for displaying this layout
  • the data analysis unit 3 detects this through the input detection unit 4, and reads out the pre-intermediate code stored in the storage unit 6 corresponding to the two designated images. Then, the pre-intermediate code is converted into an intermediate code, converted into raster data, and supplied to a display unit 8 such as a monitor device via a display control unit 7, for example.
  • a display unit 8 such as a monitor device via a display control unit 7, for example.
  • the image specified in (1) can be laid out on the display unit 8.
  • the user looks at the image displayed on the layout, recognizes the plot state before actually performing the plot, and operates the input unit 5 when changing the decoration information. Enter the modification information for the change (including deletion and addition).
  • the input modification information is supplied to the data analysis unit 3 via the input detection unit 4.
  • the data analysis unit 3 When the changed decoration information is supplied, the data analysis unit 3 issues an instruction to change the decoration information stored in the storage unit 6. This change is stored in a memory, for example, EEPROM 115.
  • the data analysis unit 3 preferentially uses the modification information instructed to be changed when converting the pre-intermediate code to the intermediate code based on a preset user instruction, and further uses the intermediate code as raster data. And supplies it to the display unit 8. Thereby, both images according to the modification information changed by the user can be displayed on the monitor.
  • the data analysis unit 3 detects this, reads out the pre-intermediate code corresponding to the currently displayed image from the storage unit 6, and converts the pre-intermediate code into the intermediate code and raster data by the same processing as described above.
  • Supply to printing unit 10. This makes it possible to plot an image or the like according to the modification information changed by the user. If the entire intermediate code is stored and held, plotting can be performed based on the intermediate code.
  • the plotter device converts the vector data into the blur intermediate code which is the vector data having the modification information before the determination, and stores the pre-intermediate code in the storage unit 6. By doing so, even after the vector data is converted to raster data, the modification information stored in the storage unit 6 can be changed, so that the modification of the modification information is facilitated. Can You.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of input image data assumed in the present embodiment. This is data consisting of commands and coordinate data given to the plotter, and is composed of a character code string such as an ASCII code. Digits such as "0", ā€œ1", and "2", which constitute coordinate data (1 000, 2000), are also represented by 1-byte character codes. In this embodiment, each coordinate data of the input image data is represented by 4 bytes.
  • Figure 17 shows an example of the commands used in the example data in Figure 16.
  • P ENW pen number
  • pen width is a pen width specification for specifying the pen width (pen thickness) for multiple pens (virtual in ink jet recording) Instruction.
  • SPEN (Ben number); is a drawing pen designation command for designating a pen to be used.
  • PNDN is a pen down command for pressing the pen specified by the drawing pen specifying command against the paper.
  • PNUP is a pen-up command for instructing the reverse operation of the pen-down command.
  • PMOV X coordinate
  • Y coordinate a pen movement command for linearly moving the specified pen from its current position to the position of (X coordinate, Y coordinate).
  • the dropped pen force is line force drawing, only the current position of simply Ben not performed portrayal if the Penca? Up changes c
  • CIRC radius
  • angle is a circle drawing command to draw a circle with a specified radius by approximating a circular arc of a specified angle unit with a straight line around the current position. It is. If (angle) is omitted, a predetermined angle (for example, 5 ') is adopted as a default value.
  • "DEND;ā€ is a command indicating the end of the input image data.
  • the pen widths of pen 1 and pen 2 are set to "5" and "10", respectively, and then pen 1 is moved to the coordinate point (1 000, 1 000). Then, lower pen 1 and move it to coordinate point (2000, 2000), and then to coordinate point (1000, 2000). Then raise this pen 1.
  • the pen 2 is turned down. Therefore, the pen 2 is moved to the coordinate point (3000, 1 000). Then, move the pen 2 to the coordinate point (3000, 2000) with the pen 2 lowered, and then raise the ben 2.
  • Ben 2 to the coordinate point (4000, 4000 lower Pen 2 to draw a circle with a radius of "800ā€. Then, raise pen 2 to end this drawing processc
  • Figure 18 shows the image created in this way. You can see that the pen widths of Pen 1 and Pen 2 are different.
  • FIG. Fig. 13 shows specific data examples of the intermediate code.
  • the intermediate code is, for each band, the band number (N-1, N, N + 1, etc.) and the number of horizontal segments (1, 1) of the outline (outline) of each vector included in the band. 2) and the coordinate data of each segment ((XI, Y1), (x6, y6), etc.).
  • Fig. 14 shows how the data in Fig. 13 correspond to the coordinate points on the paper. In this example, a vector having a width W having end points 141 and 149 is plotted. However, the pen width W is exaggerated in the figure.
  • the intermediate code includes coordinate point data, and the coordinate point data defines the outline of a vector obtained by reflecting modification information such as a line width. More specifically, the coordinate point data is obtained by selecting feature points of the outline of the vector obtained for each band.
  • the outline of each band is divided into one or more ā€œhorizontal segmentsā€. Each horizontal segment is basically a rectangle and is represented by four vertices. A triangular segment, such as segment 13 1 or 138 in Figure 14, overlaps one of its vertices. Describe multiple times. Thus, in the intermediate code, all horizontal segments are represented by four vertices. In the example of FIG. 1 3, the horizontal segment 1 3 1 is one of its vertices certain coordinate (x 6, y 6) force, "that force being duplicated description? Seen.
  • the intermediate code is a set of rectangles in this way, the coordinates of the four vertices of each rectangle are one unit of data. Since the coordinate data of one point consists of (X coordinate) and (y coordinate), it is represented by a total of eight numerical values. (The data unit consisting of these eight numerical values is called 1 DL (Display Lis).) Therefore, it can be said that the intermediate code is sequential data in which a set of the band number on the actual paper, the number of DLs present in the band, and the DL data is repeated by the number of bands on the paper.
  • the outline of the entire vector is defined by four vertices of eight horizontal segments 131-138.
  • the coordinate points indicated by uppercase X and Y are the four coordinate points that define the outline of the vector reflecting the line width
  • the lowercase X , Y are coordinate points generated by banding processing.
  • the coordinate data of the intermediate code 13 reflects the modification information of the vector. Based on this, it is not possible to change the modification information or rearrange the image. as compared with the case of performing such processing with respect to input image data, it will be understood difficult mosquitoes? involves that force.
  • the tip shape is not considered in the example of FIG. 14, when the tip shape is considered, the contour including the tip shape is determined, and according to the contour, as described above, each horizontal segment Is determined.
  • the intermediate code has a data format as shown in FIG. That is, a set of a node number 161, the number of segments (DL) included in the band 162, and four coordinate point data 163 of each segment is arranged for the number of bands. This makes it easy to generate raster data for each band.
  • the blurring intermediate code is called a file, which is one unit of the plot. Data block. Usually, this file is equivalent to one page of image.
  • Each file is composed of various index data, image size data, decoration data, and coordinate data. Since fixed-length data and variable-length data are mixed in a file, a fixed-length (1 byte in this example) is used as an identifier to indicate the type of data at the beginning of each data. Index data is added.
  • the index data "401" of "FH" indicates that the data immediately after that is the fixed-length file header 4122.
  • the index data 402 of "ISā€ indicates that the data immediately following is 8-byte integer data representing the image size.
  • the index data 403 "ATā€ indicates that the data 411 immediately after is the fixed-length pen attribute data.
  • the index data 404 "A3ā€ indicates that the subsequent data 413 is Indicates that it is 3-byte integer absolute coordinate data.
  • Index data 405 ā€œR 2ā€ indicates that subsequent data 415 is relative coordinate data of a 2-byte integer.
  • Index data 406 "A4" indicates that the following data is 4-byte integer absolute coordinate data.
  • the index data 407 of "R3" indicates that the subsequent data is 4-byte integer relative coordinate data.
  • the leading "Aā€ and ā€œRā€ of the index data 401 to 410 representing the coordinate data indicate the difference between the absolute coordinate and the relative coordinate, and the number following them indicates the number of bytes. .
  • the file header 4111 is a fixed-length area for storing a file number automatically added to image data or an arbitrary file name input by a user when a blur intermediate code is generated by a plotter.
  • the image size data 421 is, as shown in FIG. 20, the horizontal and vertical sizes ā‡ , ā‡ of the outer edge of the image of one file on the virtual paper, represented by the input image data. This image size data is used to generate blurred intermediate code from input image data.
  • the maximum X and minimum X are the maximum and minimum coordinates in the horizontal direction of the X coordinate values of the pixels constituting the image, respectively. It is a standard value. The same is true for Y.
  • ā‡ and ā‡ are each represented by 4-byte (32-bit) unsigned fixed-length data.
  • the pen attribute 4 12 is a fixed length area for storing various kinds of decoration information, and a specific example is shown in FIG.
  • the pen attribute 4 1 2 in Fig. 10 is the pen number (pen Number) 4 1 2 1, pen width 4 1 2 2, and the end that determines the end shape of the line segment used for the vector defined by the subsequent coordinate data Type (lineEnds) 4 1 23, Join type (linejoin) 4 1 24 that determines the shape of the connection between line ends, Fill type (iillType) 4 1 2 5 that defines the fill pattern inside the outline of the line including.
  • the pen number 421 1 takes a value in the range of 0 to 63 and is represented by 6-bit data. Data.
  • Each of the termination type 4123 and the coupling type 4124 has a value in the range of 0 to 4 and is represented by 3 bits.
  • the fill type 4125 has a value in the range of 0 to 396 and is represented by 9-bit data.
  • the present invention is not limited to these specific numerical values.
  • Fig. 12 shows three examples of connection types 4 124.
  • (A) shows the type that connects the outer vertices of the vector outline with a straight line
  • (b) shows the type that connects the outer vertices with an arc
  • (c) shows the type that connects the two vertices.
  • (A) shows the type that connects the outer vertices of the vector outline with a straight line
  • (b) shows the type that connects the outer vertices with an arc
  • (c) shows the type that connects the two vertices.
  • the types that extend the outer contour are the types that extend the outer contour:
  • the vector of the pen attribute data 4 1 2 and the coordinate data, y) 4 are mixed in 1 3 or the like and the force s independently of one another.
  • the pen attribute data 4 12 is omitted during that time. This is because, in general, a vector is a component of a circle, a polygon, or a continuous line segment, and thus it is possible to consider that many vectors have the same pen attribute.
  • the start point of the first vector is represented by absolute coordinate data
  • the subsequent end points are the immediately preceding end points. Expressed in relative coordinates to a point. Considering the example in Fig.
  • the starting point 18 1 of the leading vector 19 1 of the continuous vector 19 1 and 19 2 is expressed in absolute coordinates, and the other end points 18 2 and 18 3 Expressed in relative coordinates from the previous point.
  • the continuous vector 1993, 1994 is also represented by the starting point 184 force s absolute coordinate of the leading vector 1993, and the other endpoints 1885, 186 are Is represented by relative coordinates from the point of.
  • the circle 195 is not shown in detail, but is approximated by a predetermined polygon, so that the side is similarly treated as a continuous vector. Since the absolute value of the relative coordinate may be larger than the absolute coordinate, the force f is expected to be smaller than the absolute value of the relative coordinate by 5 ā€² in a general image.
  • the end points other than the start point of the first vector are uniformly relative coordinates.
  • the dedicated index data 402 is set for the image size data 421, but instead the image size data 421 is included in the file header 411. You may.
  • the omission of the Venn attribute data is performed not only for vectors in one set of continuous vectors, but also for multiple continuous vectors. That is, if the pen attribute of a certain continuous vector is the same as the attribute of the preceding continuous vector, the pen attribute data for the latter continuous vector can be omitted. If the pen attribute changes in the middle of the continuous vector, insert the new Venn attribute data there and terminate the point sequence, and treat the subsequent as another continuous vector. This also reduces the amount of data required for the pre-intermediate code.
  • the coordinate data of the pre-intermediate code is variable-length data. For example, if an n-byte integer (l ā‡ n ā‡ 3) is sufficient to represent a coordinate value, the coordinate value is represented by n-byte integer data. This data structure also contributes to pre-intermediate code data compression.
  • one byte is used independently as an index.
  • the index data is added to the beginning of the file .header, pen attribute data, and coordinate data.
  • coordinate data of the same number of bytes is continuous, the index data is omitted for the second and subsequent bytes.
  • the file 'header and pen attribute data following the index data are always one and have a fixed length.
  • the most significant bit of the byte is used to distinguish one byte of index data from the most significant byte of the coordinate data.
  • the most significant bit is ON (1), it indicates the data power index data, and if the most significant bit is OFF (0), it is OFF. If present, it indicates the most significant byte of the coordinate data.
  • the value of the most significant bit is not restricted at all for two or more bytes of data of two or more bytes.
  • the absolute coordinates used in the second data format are absolute coordinates on a sufficiently large virtual sheet, and the coordinates are converted into the coordinates of the actual printing position to be printed on the actual sheet during the intermediate code conversion. I do.
  • the printing position can be freely changed even after the reception of the input image data is completed.
  • the rearrangement process is generally used when using long paper such as roll paper. In the present embodiment, a user's power can be instructed from the operation panel for a rearrangement instruction for saving paper.
  • the data analysis unit 3 rearranges the image print as shown in FIG. 19 (a) to the image print as shown in FIG. 19 (b) based on the pre-intermediate code. . Specifically, for the position information, the origin is moved (offset) with respect to the coordinate value on the pre-intermediate code. An intermediate code is generated by adding. If rotation is necessary at the same time, apply rotation processing.
  • the aspect ratio of the formed image must also be preserved. Can be.
  • one of the X or Y coordinate values may be used and the other applied to the other.
  • the rotation of the image can be performed automatically when the image is rearranged, or can be specified by the user.
  • the pre-intermediate code is converted to intermediate code even if the user sets the paper orientation incorrectly because the image orientation (Portrait / Landscape) can be determined from the image size data in the pre-intermediate code.
  • the intermediate code can be generated by automatically performing the rotation process. This rotation processing is realized by performing a linear transformation on the coordinate values in the blurred intermediate code using the following equation.
  • (x, y) is the coordinates before the transformation
  • ( ā‡ ', y' :) are the coordinates after the transformation.
  • the rotation angle usually + 90 Ā° or -90 when repositioning. It is.
  • Figure 7 shows an example in which the integer data of Figure 6 is converted into the pre-intermediate codes:
  • the display unit 8 is a monitor device, and the decoration information is changed while performing a layout display on the monitor device and recognizing both images and the like that are actually plotted.
  • a small-sized liquid crystal display unit may be provided as the tenth display unit 8, and only the modification information may be displayed on the small liquid crystal display unit to change the modification information. Accordingly, the display unit 8 can be reduced in size, and thus the plotter device can be formed smaller and more inexpensively.
  • the image processing apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to any apparatus other than the plotter apparatus as long as it employs a banding method.
  • various modifications can be made without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.
  • the image processing apparatus employs the banding method, it is possible to convert input image data into raster data without providing a large-capacity memory.
  • the modification information and the like can be stored before plotting without providing a large storage capacity input buffer memory. Can be changed. Therefore, the cost of the image processing apparatus can be reduced through reduction of the storage capacity of the various memories.
  • the modification information can be changed for the pre-intermediate code, the actual paper size can be set by setting the virtual paper size for the block and layout in advance to be large. It is possible to analyze the input image data even if the size power is not known in advance.
  • the present invention plotter for printing by converting the base-vector data for each predetermined unit area into raster data, the printer device and the like of the design may be utilized to manufacture c

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Record Information Processing For Printing (AREA)
  • Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)

Description

꘎ ē“° ę›ø ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½® ęŠ€č”“åˆ†é‡Ž
ęœ¬ē™ŗ꘎ćÆ态 ę‰€å®šå˜ä½é ˜åŸŸęÆŽć«ćƒ™ć‚æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć¦ å°å­—ć‚’č”Œć†ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ļ¼Œ 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æč£…ē½®ē­‰ć«é©ē”Øć—ć¦å„½é©ćŖē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć«é–¢ 恗态 ē‰¹ć«ć€ 惙ć‚Æćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć«é–¢ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ 背ę™Æꊀ蔓
å¾“ę„ć€ 1ćƒšćƒ¼ć‚ø分 ļ¼ˆč‹„恗恏ćÆč¤‡ę•°ćƒšćƒ¼ć‚ø分ļ¼‰ 恮å…Ø兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒态 äø€ę—¦ć€ 惩 ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć€ ć“ć‚Œć‚’ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖäøŠć«å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹ćƒ•ćƒ«ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆćƒžćƒƒćƒ—ę–¹å¼ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå° å­—ć‚’č”Œć†ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćŒēŸ„ć‚‰ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚
ć“ć®ćƒ•ćƒ«ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆćƒžćƒƒćƒ–ę–¹å¼ć§ćÆ态 1ćŗäø€ć‚ø分 ļ¼ˆč‹„恗恏ćÆč¤‡ę•°ć¹äø€ć‚ø分ļ¼‰ ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹åæ…č¦ćŒć‚ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć€ ćć®å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å¤§ććŖčØ˜å„„é ˜åŸŸć‚’ęœ‰ć™ ć‚‹ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恌åæ…要ćØćŖ悋怂 具体ēš„恫ćÆ态 1ć‚¤ćƒ³ćƒ ļ¼ˆ25. 4 mm) å½“ćŸć‚Šć®ćƒ‰ćƒƒ 惈 ꕰ恌 360 d p ić®ćƒŽć‚ŗ惫ćø惃 惉悒 1 28å€‹ęœ‰ć—ć€ A 0判 ļ¼ˆęØŖ Xēø¦ļ¼š 84 1 mm X 1 1 89mm) ć®å¤§ćć•ć®ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈恌åÆčƒ½ćŖćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ć§ćÆ态 1惙äø€ ć‚øåˆ†ć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹ć®ć«ć€
1 86 (KBytes) X I 1 89 (mm) / 25. 4 (ē”»ļ¼‰Ć· 1 28惎 360=ē“„ 24 MBytes
恮čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖć‚«?åæ…要ćØćŖ悋怂 恓恓恫态 怌1 86 (Kb y t e s) 怍 ćÆ态 後čæ°ć™ć‚‹ 1ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰åˆ†ć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹ć®ć«åæ…要ćŖ ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恮čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖćƒ•ćƒ«ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆćƒžćƒƒćƒ—ę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćÆ态 čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć®å¤§ććŖ ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ悒čØ­ć‘ć‚‹åæ…č¦ćŒć‚ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć€ ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćŒć‚³ć‚¹ćƒˆé«˜ćØćŖć‚‹å•é”ŒćŒ ć‚ć£ćŸć€‚
äø€ę–¹ć€ äø»ć«čؘ録ćø惃 ćƒ‰ć‚’ę­č¼‰ć—ćŸć‚­ćƒ£ćƒŖ 惃ć‚øć®čµ°ęŸ»ć‚’ä¼“ć†ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½® 恫ē”Ø恄悉悌态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒态 ę‰€å®šå˜ä½é ˜åŸŸęƎ ļ¼ˆä¾‹ćˆć° 1ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ęƎļ¼‰ ć«å¾Œčæ°ć® äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć—态 恓恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚£ćƒ³ć‚°ę–¹ å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惖惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ć‚‚ēŸ„ć‚‰ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ 恓恓恫态 ć€Œćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ć€ ćØćÆ态 惘惃 ćƒ‰ć® ; I å›žć®čµ°ęŸ»ć§čØ˜éŒ²ć•ć‚Œć‚‹åøÆēŠ¶ć®é ˜åŸŸć‚’č”Ø悏恙怂
恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ 1ęœ¬ć®ć¹ć‚Æć‚æć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć«ćÆ态 図 8恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ćć® 惙ć‚Æć‚æ恮äŗŒć¤ć®ē«Æē‚¹ ļ¼ˆå§‹ē‚¹åŠć³ēµ‚ē‚¹ļ¼‰ ć‚’å®šē¾©ć™ć‚‹ćØå…±ć«ć€ ē·šć®é•·ć•ļ¼Œ ē·šå¹…ļ¼Œ ē·šć® 先ē«Æå½¢ēŠ¶ē­‰ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ± ļ¼ˆćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æćƒ‘ćƒ©ćƒ”ćƒ¼ć‚æļ¼‰ ć‚’å®šē¾©ć™ć‚‹åæ…č¦ćŒć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ćŸć‚ć€ ć“ć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚°ę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćÆ态 図 9恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«äøŠ čؘ始ē‚¹åŠć³ēµ‚ē‚¹ć‚’定ē¾©ć™ć‚‹ćØå…±ć«å„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ä»˜åŠ ć—ćŸćƒ™ć‚æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒态 äø€ ꗦ态 ć„ć‚ć‚†ć‚‹ćƒ‡ć‚£ć‚¹ćƒ—ćƒ¬ć‚¤ćƒŖć‚¹ćƒˆļ¼ˆDisplay List) ćØå‘¼ć°ć‚Œć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę› 恗态 恓恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦ćƒ™ć‚Æ 惈惫 Zćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æå¤‰ę›å‡¦ē† ļ¼ˆVector- to-Raster
Conversion (VRC) ) ć‚’ę–½ć—ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹ć€‚ 恓恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ态 惙 ć‚Æ 惈惫/ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æå¤‰ę›å‡¦ē†ć«é©ć—ćŸå½¢å¼ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悊态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒꧋ꈐ恙 悋惙ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗ恄恄恦态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ä½ć«ć€ 前čؘäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’åę˜ ć•ć›ćŸå„ć¹ć‚Æ å¤•ć®č¼Ŗ郭悒꧋ꈐ恙悋åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«ć‚ˆć‚Šę§‹ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ ćŖ恊态 äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®å…·ä½“ä¾‹ć« 恤恄恦ćÆ态 後čæ°ć™ć‚‹ć€‚
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«å°å­—é–‹å§‹å‰ć«ē”Ÿęˆć—ćŸäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ 1惎 ćƒ³ćƒ‰ęÆŽć«ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ ꏛ恙悋恓ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ äøŠčæ°ć®ćƒ•ćƒ«ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆćƒžćƒ„ćƒ—ę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ć®ć‚ˆć† 恫态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćć®ć¾ć¾ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖäøŠć«å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹äøéƒ½åˆć‚’é˜²ę­¢ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧 恍态 åæ…要ćŖćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恮čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć‚’ä½Žęø›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
具体ēš„恫ćÆ态 前čæ°ć®å “合ćØåŒę§˜ć€ 1ć‚¤ćƒ³ćƒ ļ¼ˆ25. 4 mm) å½“ćŸć‚Šć®ćƒ‰ćƒƒ 惈ꕰ 恌 360 d p ić®ćƒŽć‚ŗ惫ćø惃 惉悒 128å€‹ęœ‰ć—ć€ A 0判 ļ¼ˆęØŖ Xēø¦ļ¼š 84 1 mmX 1 189mm) ć®å¤§ćć•ć®ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚«å‘µčƒ½ćŖćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惖惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćŠć„恦ćÆ态 äøŠ čؘ 1ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰åˆ†ć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å±•é–‹ć™ć‚‹ć®ć«åæ…要ćŖćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恮čؘ ę†¶å®¹é‡ćÆ态
84 1 (mm)/ 25. 4 M X 360 (dpi) X 128 (個ļ¼‰ =ē“„ 1 86脚 tes ćØćŖ悊态 äøŠčæ°ć®ćƒ•ćƒ«ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆćƒžćƒƒćƒ—ę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćŒåæ…要ćØć™ć‚‹ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ ćØęÆ”č¼ƒć—ć¦ćć®čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć‚’å¤§å¹…ć«ä½Žęø›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚£ćƒ³ć‚°ę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ–å£ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ćÆ态 ä»„å‰ćƒ–ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈恗恟惇äø€ ć‚æć‚’å†ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈 ļ¼ˆćƒŖ惖惭惃 惈ļ¼‰ ć™ć‚‹å “åˆć«ćÆ态 äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’åˆ©ē”Øć—ć¦č”Œć†ć‚ˆć†ć« ćŖć£ć¦ćŠć‚Šć€ 恓恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ态 前čæ°ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ äøŠčؘäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ē­‰ć‚’åę˜ ć•ć›ćŸåŗ§ ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å½¢å¼ć§ē”Ÿęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ćŸć‚ć€ å¾Œć‹ć‚‰å›žč»¢å‡¦ē†ļ¼Œ ę‹”å¤§å‡¦ē†ļ¼Œ ēø®å°å‡¦ ē†ļ¼Œ ē·šå¹…ē­‰ć®å¤‰ę›“ć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØćÆå®¹ę˜“ć§ćÆćŖ恄怂
ćŖ恊态 äøŠčؘ兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒äø€ę—¦čØ˜ę†¶ć™ć‚‹å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖć®å®¹é‡ć‚’å¤§ćć 恗态 å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恫čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’åˆ©ē”Ø恙悋恓ćØć«ć‚ˆ 悊态 å„ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ęÆŽć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć€ 恝悌恞悌惗惭惃 ćƒˆćƒ‘ćƒ©ćƒ”äø€ć‚æć‚’å¤‰ę›“ 恗恦äø­å•ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć—ć‚«ć‚ć—ć€ ć“ć‚Œć‚’č”Œć†ć«ćÆ态 čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć® å¤§ććŖå…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ悒åæ…要ćØ恙悋恟悁态 éƒØå“å®Ÿč£…é¢äøŠć®å•é”ŒćŒē”Ÿćšć‚‹ć† 恈态 å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖć®å®¹é‡ć‚’å¤§ććć™ć‚‹åˆ†ć€ ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćŒć‚³ć‚¹ 惈高 ćØćŖ悊ē¾å®Ÿēš„恧ćÆćŖ恄怂
恕悉恫态 å¾“ę„ć€ 複ꕰ恮ē”»åƒć‚’ē”Øē“™äøŠć«čØ˜éŒ²ć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ ē”Øē“™ć®ē„”駄悒ēœććŸć‚ć® ē”»åƒé…ē½®ę‰‹ę®µć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ć‚‚ć®ćŒēŸ„ć‚‰ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ęœ¬ę„ć§ć‚ć‚Œć°å›³ 1 9
( a ) ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ē”»åƒć‚’ćć®å…„åŠ›ć•ć‚ŒćŸé †ć«ä¾‹ćˆć°é•·å°ŗ恮ē”Øē“™ć«ēø¦ć«äø¦ć¹ć¦čؘ録 恙悋ćØ恓悍态 ē”»åƒé…ē½®ę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ 図 1 9 ( b ) 恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ē”»åƒć®čؘ録位ē½®ć‚’ 再配ē½®ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ å¾“ę„ć€ ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖē”»åƒć®å†é…ē½®ć‚’č”Œć†ć«ćÆ态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒äø­é–“ ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ē”»åƒć‚’実ē”Øē“™äøŠć«å½¢ęˆć—ćŸå “åˆć®ē”»åƒ 悵悤ć‚ŗć‚’č€ƒę…®ć—ć¦å†é…ē½®å “ꉀ悒ę±ŗå®šć—ć¦ć„ćŸć€‚
恗恋恗态 ć“ć®ę–¹ę³•ć§ćÆ态 実ē”Øē“™ć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćŠć‚ˆć²ć€å€‹ć€…ć®ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ 力 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ä»„å‰ć«ē¢ŗå®šć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹åæ…č¦ćŒć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ ćć®ćŸć‚ć€ 実ē”Øē“™ć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćÆ态 ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć‹ć‚‰ć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗ悄惖ćƒŖćƒ³ćƒˆć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ 2 6ć‹ć‚‰å¾— ć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ęƒ…å ±ē­‰ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šę—¢ēŸ„恧ćŖ恑悌恰ćŖ悉ćŖ恄怂 ć¾ćŸć€ ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ恫恤恄恦悂态 ē”» åƒćƒ‡ā€”ć‚æć®å…„åŠ›ć‚’é–‹å§‹ć™ć‚‹å‰ć«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćø惃惀ē­‰ć®å½¢å¼ć§ē”»åƒć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗ恌꘎ē¤ŗēš„ć«ęŒ‡ ē¤ŗć•ć‚Œć‚‹åŠ›ć€ć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć‹ć‚‰ć®ę˜Žē¤ŗēš„ćŖꌇē¤ŗ悒åæ…要ćØ恙悋怂 ć—ćŸćŒć£ć¦ć€ 惗惭惃 ćƒˆå±® ć«ę¬”ć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ā€”ć‚æć‚«5 '供ēµ¦ć•ć‚Œć€ 恓恮際态 ꬔ恫ēµ¦ē“™ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ē”Øē“™ć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ恌äøå®š 恧恂悋ćØćć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć™ć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ē”Ÿęˆć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍ćŖ恄恟 悁态 C P Uć®å‹•ä½œć«ē©ŗ恍Ꙃ間悒ē”Ÿćšć‚‹ć“ćØćØćŖ悊态 C P Uć®åŠ¹ēŽ‡ēš„ćŖä½æē”ØćØ恄恆 é¢ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹å•é”ŒćŒć‚ć£ćŸć€‚
ęœ¬ē™ŗ꘎ćÆ态 äøŠčæ°ć®čŖ²é”Œć«é‘‘ćæ恦ćŖć•ć‚ŒćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć‚Šć€ 惓惃 ćƒˆćƒžćƒƒćƒ—å±•é–‹ē”Øć®å¤§ čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć®ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ悒čØ­ć‘ć‚‹ć“ćØćŖćå…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć“ ćØ恌恧恍悋ćØćØ悂恫态 大čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć®å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ悒čØ­ć‘ć‚‹ć“ćØćŖ恏惗惭惃 ćƒˆå‰ć«äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ē­‰ć‚’å¤‰ę›“恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć‚’ęä¾›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ悒ē›®ēš„ćØ 恙悋怂
ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć®ä»–ć®ē›®ēš„ćÆ态 äŗ‹å‰ć«ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈恙悋ē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ恌äøå®šć§ć‚ć£ć¦ć‚‚å…„力ē”» åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®č§£ęžåÆčƒ½ćØ恗恦 C P Uć®ęœ‰åŠ¹ä½æē”Øć‚’å›³ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋悈恆ćŖäø”像処ē† č£…ē½®ć‚’ęä¾›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恫恂悋怂 ē™ŗę˜Žć®é–‹ē¤ŗ
ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«ć‚ˆć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ä½ć«äø”åƒć®å½¢ęˆć‚’č”Œć†ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć§ ć‚ć£ć¦ć€ ē”»åƒć‚’ę§‹ęˆć™ć‚‹ć¹ć‚Æć‚æē¾¤ć®å„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮ē«Æē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØč©²ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æć®å„ ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćØ恋悉ćŖ悋ē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ ćƒˆć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒态 前čؘ各ēØ® äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’å‰čؘē«Æē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØćÆē‹¬ē«‹ć«äæęŒć™ć‚‹ćØå…±ć«å‰čؘē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恫ęÆ”ć¹ć¦ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ量力?低ęø›ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®ē”»åƒ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆå¤‰ę›ę‰‹ę®µćØ态 č©²ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆå¤‰ę›ę‰‹ ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå¾—ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮å…Øä½“ć‚’ę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹čØ˜ę†¶ ꉋꮵćØ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗ恄恄恦态 前čØ˜ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ ä½ć«ć€ 前čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’åę˜ ć•ć›ćŸå„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗ郭悒꧋ꈐ恙悋åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恋悉 ćŖ悋äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µćØ态 č©²äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Š å¾—ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ć€ 前čØ˜ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ä½ć«ć€ åƾåæœć™ć‚‹ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ćƒ© ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µćØć‚’å‚™ćˆćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
ć‚ˆć‚Šå…·ä½“ēš„恫ćÆ态 ęœ¬ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 ē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹å…„åŠ› ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć§ć‚ć‚‹ć¹ć‚Æćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒恓悌ćØē•°ćŖ悋ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”» åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ļ¼ˆćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ļ¼‰ ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ä¾‹ćˆć°ē·šå¹…ļ¼Œ ē·šć®å…ˆē«Æå½¢ēŠ¶ ē­‰ć®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćŒäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«ćŠć„ć¦ē¢ŗĀ½ć•ć‚Œć¦ć—ć¾ć†å‰ć«ć€ ć¹ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫äøŠ čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ä»˜åŠ ć—ćŸć‹ćŸć”ć®ć¾ć¾ć€ 恓恮ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć«äæęŒć™ć‚‹ć€‚
å„½ć¾ć—ććÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 ē›“åˆ—ć«é€£ēµć—ćŸ 惙ć‚Æć‚æē¾¤ć®å…ˆé ­ć®ć¹ć‚Æć‚æć®å§‹ē‚¹ć®ćæēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Øć‚ć—ä»–ć®ē«Æē‚¹ćÆē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏 恙怂 ć¾ćŸć€ å„½ć¾ć—ććÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆåÆå¤‰é•·ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æ恧恂悊态 各åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć€ ćć®ē›“å‰ć«ć€ č©²åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ é•·ćŠć‚ˆć³ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęؙ/ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć®ēØ®åˆ„ć‚’č­˜åˆ„ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®äŗˆć‚å®šć‚ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸå›ŗå®šé•·ć®ęŒ‡ ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æåŠ›ä»˜åŠ ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®å “åˆć€ åŒć˜ēØ®åˆ„ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćŒé€£ē¶šć™ć‚‹å “åˆć€ 2ē•Ŗ ē›®ä»„é™ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恫恤恄恦ćÆ前čØ˜ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ēœē•„恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆć«ćŠć„ć¦ć€ 前čؘåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ前čØ˜ęŒ‡ęŖ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ ćÆ态 äŗˆć‚å®šć‚ćŸč¤‡ę•°ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆć®å˜ä½ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ä¾‹ćˆć°å…ˆé ­ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆć®å€¤ć«ć‚ˆć‚ŠåŒŗåˆ„ć•ć‚Œ 悋怂
前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆć«ćŠć„ć¦ć€ 前čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćÆå›ŗå®šé•·ć®ćƒšćƒ³å±ž ę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å«ćæ态 č©²ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ē›“å‰ć«ć‚‚č­˜åˆ„ ffl恮å›ŗå®šé•·ć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æć‚«ä»˜ åŠ ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ć¹ćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćÆ态 前čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćŒå¤‰åŒ–ć—ćŸć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮åŗ§ęؙ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć®ćæä»˜åŠ ć•ć‚Œć€ äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćŒå¤‰åŒ–ć—ćŖć„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恫恤恄恦ćÆēœē•„恕悌 悋恓ćØćŒęœ›ć¾ć—ć„ć€‚
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®ę§‹ęˆć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćÆē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©äø€ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恫ęÆ”ć¹ć¦ć€ 通åøø态 ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æé‡ćŒč»½ęø› ļ¼ˆåœ§ēø®ļ¼‰ 恕悌悋怂 ć—ćŸćŒć£ć¦ć€ ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©äø€ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æ ļ¼ˆćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­ ^ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ļ¼‰ ć‚’ę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć«åæ…要ćŖčØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡åŠ›ēƀęø›ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚
前čؘäø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µćÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恫åŸŗ 恄恄恦äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗć«å¾“ć„ć€ 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć® ę–¹ć‚’å„Ŗå…ˆć—ć¦ē”Øć„ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’å‚™ćˆć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆć„ć€‚
恂悋恄ćÆ态 前čؘē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 前čؘčØ˜å„„ę‰‹ę®µć«čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹å‰čؘē¬¬ 2恮 ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫čؘčæ°ć•ć‚ŒćŸå„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®ć†ć”ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ć‚ˆć‚Š ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’å¤‰ę›“ć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’å‚™ćˆć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆćƒ¬ć€ć€‚
恕悉恫ćÆ态 前čؘē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 恫åŸŗć„ć„ć¦å‰čؘäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ č¤‡ę•°å€‹ć® ē”»åƒć‚’ē”Øē“™äøŠć«é…ē½®ć™ć‚‹ä½ē½®ć‚„å‘ćć‚’ę±ŗå®šć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’å‚™ćˆć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆć„ć€‚ ć“ć®å “åˆć€ å„½ć¾ć—ććÆ态 前čØ˜ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆå¤‰ę›ę‰‹ę®µćÆ态 前čؘ兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗ恄恄 恦态 å½“č©²å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ悒ꤜå‡ŗ恗恦态 č©²ę¤œå‡ŗ恕悌恟ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ悒č”Ø悏恙ē”»åƒć‚µ ć‚£ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å‰čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æå†…ć«å«ć‚ć€ 前čؘ位ē½®ć‚„ å‘ćć‚’ę±ŗå®šć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µćÆ态 å½“č©²ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ惇ā€”ć‚æć‚’å‚ē…§ć—ć¦å‰čؘ位ē½®ć‚„å‘ćć‚’ę±ŗ定 恙悋怂
恂悋恄ćÆ态 前čؘē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 恫åŸŗć„ć„ć¦å‰čؘäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šäø­å•ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ ē”»åƒć‚’ę‹” å¤§ć¾ćŸćÆēø®å°ć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’ęœ‰ć—ć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆć„ć€‚
ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«ć‚ˆć‚Œć°ć€ äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ē¢ŗå®šć—ćŖć„ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć«äæęŒć™ć‚‹ 恓ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖ各ēØ®ę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚‹äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“悄态 äø”åƒć®å†é…ē½®ćŒå®¹ę˜“ ćØćŖ悋怂
ä¾‹ćˆć°äøŠčØ˜ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćøć®å¤‰ę›ć®éš›ć«åŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć‚’å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć“ ćØć«ć‚ˆć¤ć¦ē”Øē“™äøŠć®ä»»ę„ć®ä½ē½®ć«äø”åƒć‚’å°å­—ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ力åÆčƒ½ćØćŖ悋怂 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ä¾‹ćˆć° A 0ćƒ­ćƒ¼ćƒ«ē“™äøŠć« A 4恮ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗć‚’ęŒć£ćŸå…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æć‚’č¤‡ę•°ęžšå°å­— ć—ćŸć„č¦ęœ›ćŒć‚ć¤ćŸéš›ć«ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åŸŗć„ćƒ¬ć€ć¦ē”Øē“™äøŠć®ä»»ę„ć®ä½ē½®ć«ä»»ę„ć® ē”»åƒć‚’配ē½®ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØć‚«åÆčƒ½ćØćŖ悋怂
ć¾ćŸć€ 惗惭惃 惈ļ¼Œ ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚¢ć‚¦ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗć®éš›ć®ä»®ęƒ³ēš„ćŖē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ悒äŗˆć‚å¤§ćć‚ć«čØ­ å®šć—ć¦ćŠćć“ćØ恧态 å®Ÿéš›ć«ć‚»ćƒƒ 惈恕悌悋ē”Øē“™ć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ恌äŗ‹å‰ć«ć‚ć‹ć‚‰ćŖć„å “åˆć§ ć‚‚å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®č§£ęžć‚’åÆčƒ½ćØ恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“ćÆćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦č”Œćˆć‚‹ćŸć‚ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćøć®å¤‰ę›ę™‚ć«ć€ 実ē”Ø ē“™ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗć«åˆć‚ć›ćŸē”»åƒć®ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ ćƒ­ćƒ¼ćƒ«ē“™ć‚’ćƒ— 惭惃 惈ē”Øē“™ćØ恗恦ä½æē”Øć™ć‚‹å “åˆć‚„ć€ ć‚«ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚·ćƒ¼ćƒˆćƒ•ć‚£ćƒ¼ćƒ€ä½æē”ØꙂē­‰ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ 連 ē¶šć—ć¦ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ力 'ä¼é€ć•ć‚Œć¦ćć‚‹åÆčƒ½ę€§ćŒé«˜ć„å “åˆć«ć€ å®Ÿéš›ć«ć‚»ćƒƒ 惈恕悌悋ē”Øē“™ć® 悵悤ć‚ŗćŒå¤‰ę›“ć•ć‚ŒćŸå “åˆć§ć‚‚ć€ C P Uć®å‡¦ē†ć«ä½™č£•ćŒć‚ć‚‹ćØćć«äøŠčØ˜ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åŸŗ恄恄恦äŗ‹å‰ć«å…„力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®č§£ęžć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć“ć®ćŸć‚ć€ C P Uć‚’ęœ‰åŠ¹ć«åˆ©ē”Ø恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗ恮際ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦å„ēØ®ć®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“処 ē†ć‚’ę–½ć™ćØå…±ć«ę‰€å®šć®ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆęƒ…å ±ć‚’ä»˜åŠ ć—ćŸå¾Œć€ ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć¦ćƒ¢ äŗŒå¤•č”Øē¤ŗ恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 å¾“ć£ć¦ć€ ćƒ¢ćƒ‹ć‚æč”Øē¤ŗć•ć‚ŒćŸćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆć‚’č¦‹ćŖ恌悉äæ® ę­£ē­‰ć‚’åŠ ćˆć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍态 ꉀꜛ恙悋ē”»åƒēŠ¶ę…‹ē­‰ć‚’ē¢ŗå®Ÿć«å®Ÿē¾ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 å›³é¢ć®ē°”単ćŖčŖ¬ę˜Ž
図 1ćÆ态 ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«äæ‚ć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć‚’ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć«é©ē”Øć—ćŸå®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć®ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ć‚Æå›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 2ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«äæ‚ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć‚’态 C P U悒ē”Øć„ć¦ę§‹ęˆć—ćŸå “åˆć® ćƒćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚¦ć‚§ć‚¢ę§‹ęˆć‚’ē¤ŗ恙惖惭惃ć‚Æå›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 3ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«äæ‚ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćŠć„恦态 惙ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹å “åˆć®å¤‰ę›ę‰‹é †ć‚’ē¤ŗć™ćƒ•ćƒ­ćƒ¼ćƒćƒ£ćƒ¼ćƒˆć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 4ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«äæ‚ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć§ē”Øć„ć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ 惞惄 惈悒ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 5ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ę§‹ęˆć™ć‚‹ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æåŠć³åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ꧋ 造悒čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚悋怂
図 6ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«ćŠć„ć¦ē”Øć„ć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ę•“ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć® å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 7ćÆ态 図 6ć®ę•“ę•°ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćŒćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć•ć‚ŒćŸäø€ä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ 悋怂
図 8ćÆ态 äø€čˆ¬ēš„ćŖć¹ć‚Æćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚悋怂
図 9ćÆ态 å¾“ę„ć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚°ę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćŠć„恦态 惙ć‚Æ 惈惫 ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹å “åˆć®å¤‰ę›ę‰‹é †ć‚’ę¦‚åæµēš„恫ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ 図 1 0ćÆ态 図 4ć®ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ć‚’čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 1 1ćÆ态 図 1 0ć®ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ć®å„ēØ®å¤‰ę•°åć‚’čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚悋怂
図 1 2ćÆ态 図 1 1恫ē¤ŗ恗恟ē·šåˆ†ć®ēµåˆć‚æ悤惗悒čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚悋怂
図 1 3ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®äø€ä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 1 4ćÆ态 図 1 3恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æåˆ—ć‚’čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚悋怂
図 1 5ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈悒ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ 図 1 6ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮äø€ä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 1 7ćÆ态 図 1 6ć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫ē”Øć„ć‚‰ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć‚³ćƒžćƒ³ćƒ‰ć®čŖ¬ę˜Žå›³ć§ć‚ 悋怂
å›³ć€‘ 8ćÆ态 図 1 6ć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå¾—ć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ćƒ–ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈ēµęžœć‚’ē¤ŗć™å›³ć§ć‚ 悋怂
図 1 9ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ē”»åƒć®å†é…ē½®ć‚’čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ć‚悋怂 図 2 0ćÆ态 図 4ć®ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å«ć¾ć‚Œć‚‹ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ悒čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›³ć§ 恂悋怂 ē™ŗę˜Žć‚’å®Ÿę–½ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ęœ€č‰Æć®å½¢ę…‹
仄äø‹ć€ ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«äæ‚ć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć®å„½ć¾ć—ć„å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ć¤ć„ć¦ć€ å›³é¢ć‚’å‚ē…§ć—ćŖ ćŒć‚‰č©³ē“°ć«čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ć€‚
ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«äæ‚ć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 ć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚Æć‚ø悧惃 惈čؘ録ćø惃 ćƒ‰ć‚’ę­č¼‰ć—ćŸć‚­ćƒ¤ ćƒŖ惃ć‚øć®čµ°ęŸ»ć‚’ä¼“ć†ć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚Æć‚øć‚Ø惄 ćƒˆę–¹å¼ć®ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½±ć«é©ē”Øć—ćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ 図 1恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ć“ć®ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ćÆ态 äøŠä½ć®ćƒ›ć‚¹ćƒˆć‚³ćƒ³ćƒ”ćƒ„ćƒ¼ć‚æč£…ē½® 1 1 ć‹ć‚‰å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å—äæ”ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ通äæ”éƒØ 1 ćØ态 ć“ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ通äæ”éƒØ 1恫 ć‚ˆć‚Šå—äæ”ć—ćŸå…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒态 äø€ę—¦čØ˜ę†¶ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚°ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ć§ć‚ć‚‹å…„åŠ› 惎 ćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2ćØ态 ęœ¬ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®å…Øä½“ć®åˆ¶å¾”ć‚’č”Œć†ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćØ态 ęœ¬ćƒ– 惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ć®ę“ä½œćƒ‘ćƒćƒ«ć‚’å«ćæ态 各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ē­‰ć®å…„åŠ›ć‚’č”Œć†ćŸć‚ć®å…„åŠ›éƒØ 5 ćØ态 ć“ć®å…„åŠ›éƒØ 5ć‹ć‚‰ć®å„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ē­‰ć‚’ę¤œå‡ŗ恗态 恓悌悒äøŠčØ˜ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3恫 供ēµ¦ć™ć‚‹å…„åŠ›ę¤œēŸ„éƒØ 4ćØć‚’ęœ‰ć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚
惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ćÆ态 恕悉恫态 ęœ¬č£…ē½®ć®åˆ¶å¾”ćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ ļ¼Œ 惗ćƒŖäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ļ¼Œ äø­é–“ ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ļ¼Œ äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ē­‰åŠ› sčØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚Œć‚‹čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6ćØ态 惗惭惃 ćƒˆć‚’č”Œć†ē”»åƒē­‰ć‚’äŗ‹å‰ć«č”Ø ē¤ŗć—ć¦ćć®ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚¢ć‚¦ćƒˆć®ē¢ŗčŖć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ćØ态 恓恮č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8恮ē”» 像č”Øē¤ŗ制徔ē­‰ć‚’č”Œć†č”Øē¤ŗ制徔éƒØ 7ćØ态 äøŠčؘ兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恫åæœć˜ćŸē”»åƒć‚’ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć™ć‚‹å°å­—éƒØ 1 0ćØ态 ć“ć®å°å­—éƒØ 1 0ć®å°å­—ć‚’åˆ¶å¾”ć™ć‚‹å°å­—åˆ¶å¾”éƒØ 9ćØć‚’ęœ‰ć—ć¦ 恄悋怂 čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6ćÆ态 ä¾‹ćˆć°åŠå°Žä½“ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ态 光ē£ę°—ćƒ‡ć‚£ć‚¹ć‚Æ态 ē£ę°—ćƒ‡ć‚£ć‚¹ć‚Æ ļ¼ˆćƒ• å£ćƒ„ćƒ“ćƒ¼ćƒ‡ćƒŽ ć‚¹ć‚Æ态 ćƒŽćƒ½ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰ćƒ‡ć‚£ć‚¹ć‚Æē­‰ļ¼‰ ē­‰ć‚’å«ć‚€ć€‚
ć‚ˆć‚Šå…·ä½“ēš„恫ćÆ态 図 1恫ē¤ŗ恗恟äø»ćØć—ć¦ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ć®ę©Ÿčƒ½ćŠć‚ˆć³č£…ē½®å…Ø体 ć®åˆ¶å¾”ć®ę©Ÿčƒ½ć‚’ C P U (äø­å¤®ę¼”ē®—回č·Æļ¼‰ 悒ē”Øć„ć¦å®Ÿē¾ć—ćŸå “åˆć®ćƒćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚¦ć‚§ć‚¢ę§‹ ꈐ悒态 図 2恫ē¤ŗ恙怂
恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ć“ć®å›³ 2恫恊恄恦态 C P Ućƒć‚¹ćƒ©ć‚¤ćƒ³ 1 1恫ćÆ态 C P U 1 2ćØ态 惗 ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ ę ¼ē“ē”Ø恮 F 1 a s h R 0 M 1 3ćØ态 各ēØ®ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ³ćƒˆåŠć³ćƒ–ćƒ¼ćƒˆćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ  ę ¼ē“ē”Ø恮 E PROM 14ćØ态 ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ć‚ˆć‚ŠčØ­å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸå„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ę ¼ē“ē”Ø恮 EEPROMl 5ćØ态 äøŠčØ˜å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2ćŠć‚ˆć³ä½œę„­é ˜åŸŸćØ恗恦ē”Ø恄悉悌 悋 RAM 1 6ćØ态 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ćƒˆć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ 26ćø恮通äæ”ē”Øć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚æćƒ¼ćƒ•ć‚§ćƒ¼ć‚¹ (ć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ I/F) ćƒ„ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 25ćØ态 I/Oćƒć‚¹ćƒ©ć‚¤ćƒ³ 27ćØćŒćć‚Œćžć‚ŒęŽ„ē¶šć• ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ćƒˆć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ 26ćŠć‚ˆć³ć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ I ćƒ¦ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 25ćÆ态 恝悌恞 悌态 図 1ć®å°å­—åˆ¶å¾”éƒØ 9ćŠć‚ˆć³å°å­—éƒØ 1 0恫åƾåæœć™ć‚‹ć€‚
ć¾ćŸć€ I 0ćƒć‚¹ćƒ©ć‚¤ćƒ³ 27恫ćÆ态 S CU (Serial Communication Unit) 1 7 ćØ态 å‰²ć‚Šč¾¼ćæ処ē†ć‚„ć‚æć‚¤ćƒžå‡¦ē†ē­‰ć®ćŸć‚ć® PTC (Programmable Timer
Controller) 18ćØ态 P 10ćƒ¦ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 ļ¼ˆPrograéŗµ able 10 Uni 1 9ćØ态
F I FOR AM 20ćØćŒćć‚Œćžć‚ŒęŽ„ē¶šć•ć‚Œć¦ć„悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ SCU 1 7恫ćÆ态 ć‚·ćƒŖ ć‚¢ćƒ«ć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚æäø€ćƒ•ć‚§ćƒ¼ć‚¹ ļ¼ˆć‚·ćƒŖć‚¢ćƒ« I F) ćƒ¦ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 2 1力 fꎄē¶šć•ć‚Œć¦ćŠć‚Šć€ F 10ćƒ¦ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 19恫ćÆ态 悭ā€”ćƒ‘ćƒćƒ« 22åŠć³ę¶²ę™¶ ļ¼ˆLCD) č”Øē¤ŗå™Ø 23恌恝悌 ćžć‚ŒęŽ„ē¶šć•ć‚Œć¦ć„悋怂 ć‚­ćƒ¼ćƒ‘ćƒćƒ« 22ćÆ図 1ć®å…„åŠ›éƒØ 5恫åƾåæœć—态 ę¶²ę™¶č”Øē¤ŗå™Ø 2 3ćÆ図 1恮č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8恫åƾåæœć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć¾ćŸć€ F I FOR AM 20恫ćÆ态 ćƒ‘ćƒ©ćƒ¬ćƒ«ć‚¤ćƒ³ ć‚æćƒ¼ćƒ•ć‚§ćƒ¼ć‚¹ ļ¼ˆćƒ‘ćƒ©ćƒ¬ćƒ« I F) ćƒ¦ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 24力 s 'ꎄē¶šć•ć‚Œć¦ć„悋怂 ć‚·ćƒŖć‚¢ćƒ« 1/ Fćƒ„ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 2 1ć¾ćŸćÆćƒ‘ćƒ©ćƒ¬ćƒ« I ZFćƒ„ćƒ‹ćƒƒ 惈 24力 s '前čæ°ć—ćŸå›³ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ通äæ” éƒØ 1悒꧋ꈐ恙悋怂
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖę§‹ęˆć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹å½“č©²å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«äæ‚ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćŠć„恦态 C PU 12 ćÆ态 F l a s h R0M13ļ¼Œ E P ROM 14, EE P ROM 1 5, RAMI 6 (恓悌悉ćÆčØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6恫ē›øå½“ć™ć‚‹ļ¼‰ ć®ä»»ę„ć®ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恫čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚ŒćŸćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ ć«å¾“ć¤ ć¦å„éƒØć‚’åˆ¶å¾”ć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ćŖć£ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚
ęœ¬ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ć¹ć‚Æćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‹ć‚‰ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćøć®å¤‰ę›ę‰‹é †ćÆ态 図 3恫ē¤ŗć™ę§˜ć«ćŖ恤恦恄悋怂
恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ通äæ”éƒØ 1力'兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć§ć‚ć‚‹ć¹ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å—äæ”恗 (S 3 1 ) 态 ć“ć‚Œć‚’å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2恫äø€ę—¦čØ˜ę†¶ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ꬔ恫态 ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćÆ态 ć“ć®å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2恫čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚ŒćŸå…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒čŖ­ćæå‡ŗ恗态 č©²å…„ 力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å«ć¾ć‚Œć‚‹å˜ē·šåˆ† ļ¼ˆćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æļ¼‰ 恮ē«Æē‚¹ ļ¼ˆå§‹ē‚¹ćŠć‚ˆć³ēµ‚ē‚¹ļ¼‰ 悒걂悁态 同 ę™‚ć«ćć‚Œć‚‰å˜ē·šåˆ†ć«åÆ¾ć™ć‚‹äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ć€ ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 恧恂悋态 後čæ°ć™ć‚‹ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®å½¢å¼ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ ļ¼ˆS 32) 怂 ć“ć®å¤‰ę›ć«ć‚ˆć‚Š å¾—ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰å…Ø体ćÆčØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6 4ć«ę ¼ē“ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å…„åŠ› 惎 ćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2ćøę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹å‡¦ē†ćØ态 å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2ć«ę ¼ē“ć•ć‚ŒćŸå…„力ē”» åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆć‚’å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹å‡¦ē†ćØćÆäø¦č”Œć—ć¦č”Œć‚ć‚Œć‚‹ćŸć‚ć€ 兄力 惎 ćƒ„ćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 2恮čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ćÆē”»åƒå…Øä½“ć®äø€éƒØ恫ē›øå½“ć™ć‚‹ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗć§č¶³ć‚Šć‚‹ć€‚ ꬔ恫态 ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćÆ态 図 3恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6 4ć«ę ¼ē“ć•ć‚ŒćŸćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­ é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åŸŗ恄恄恦态 åƾåæœć™ć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹ ļ¼ˆS 3 3 ) 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ 惖 惬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ 恓恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚‚čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6 4ć®åˆ„ć®é ˜åŸŸ ć«ę ¼ē“ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ兄力ē”»åƒå…Øä½“ć«ć¤ć„ć¦ę ¼ē“ć—恦悂态 恂悋恄ćÆ态 ē¶šć V R C処ē†ę™‚恫åæ…要ćŖå®¹é‡åˆ†ć ć‘äø€ę™‚ēš„ć«ę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆćƒ¬ć€ć€‚ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰å†…ć§ä½æē”Ø恕悌悋åŗ§ęØ™ć‚’č”Øć‚ć™ę•°å€¤ćÆ态 å®Ÿéš›ć«å°å­—ć‚’č”Œć†ćŸć‚ć«å°å­—ćƒ‰ćƒƒ ćƒˆć«ć‚ˆ ć‚‹å˜ä½ē³»ć‚’ē”Ø恄悋怂 具体ēš„恫ćÆ态 čؘ録ćø惃 ćƒ‰ć®č§£åƒåŗ¦ć§ć‚ć‚‹ ļ¼ˆ 1 / 3 6 0 i n c h ) å˜ä½ć®åŗ§ęؙē³»ć‚’ē”Ø恄悋怂 ć•ć‚‰ć«ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć¾ć§äæē•™ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ćŸäæ® é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å„ē·šåˆ†ćøć®åę˜ ć‚’č”Œć†ć€‚ 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ć¹ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮åŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć«åŸŗ恄恄 恦态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ęÆŽć«å®Ÿéš›ć«å°å­—ć™ć‚‹ē·šåˆ†ć®č¼Ŗ郭恮åŗ§ęØ™ć‚’ē®—å‡ŗ恙悋怂
ć“ć®ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćøć®å¤‰ę›ć®éš›ć«ć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ćÆå„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮äæ®é£¾ ęƒ…å ± ļ¼ˆå®Ÿéš›ć«ćÆ恝悌悒ꏏē”»ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ä»®ęƒ³ēš„ćŖćƒšćƒ³ć®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ļ¼‰ ć®å¤‰ę›“ć‚„ć€ ē”Øē“™ ć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗć®å¤‰ę›“ćŖć©ć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ力åÆčƒ½ćØćŖ悋怂 ć¾ćŸćƒŖ惖惭惃 ćƒˆć®éš›ć‚‚ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰č§£ęžć‚’ć‚„ć‚Šē›“恙恓ćØć§å‰čØ˜ć®å„ēØ®å¤‰ę›“ć‚’åÆčƒ½ćØ恗ćŖ恌悉悂态 é«˜é€Ÿć«ę–°ćŸćŖ ē”»åƒć‚’å¾—ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌åÆčƒ½ćØćŖ悋怂
恕悉恫态 ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćÆ态 ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ę±‚ć‚ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć¦ć€ 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ćƒˆć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ 2 6ćø供ēµ¦ć™ć‚‹ ļ¼ˆS 3 4 ) 怂
ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恧ćÆ态 単ē·šåˆ†ć®ęƒ…å ±ćØćć®å˜ē·šåˆ†ć«åƾåæœ ć™ć‚‹äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćÆ依ē„¶ē›øäŗ’恫ē‹¬ē«‹ć«å­˜åœØ恗恦恄悋怂 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćÆ态 単ē·šåˆ† 恮åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«åę˜ ćÆć•ć‚Œć¦ćŠć‚‰ćšć€ äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćÆē‹¬ē«‹ć—ć¦å¤‰ę›“åÆčƒ½ćŖēŠ¶ę…‹ć«ć‚ 悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ 後čæ°ć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈ćÆē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ 惞惃 惈恫ęÆ”ć¹ć¦ć€ ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æå…Øä½“ć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æé‡ćŒä½Žęø› ļ¼ˆåœ§ēø®ļ¼‰ ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ćŖć£ć¦ 恄悋怂
ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ćŒć€ å®Ÿéš›ć«ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚’č”Œć†å‰ć«ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈ēŠ¶ę…‹ć‚’ē¢ŗčŖć—ćŸć„å “åˆć€ 図 1恫 ē¤ŗć™å…„åŠ›éƒØ 5悒ē”Øć„ć¦ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗć‚’č”Œć†ć€‚ ć“ć®ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗ åŠ›č”Œć‚ć‚Œć‚‹ćØ态 å…„åŠ›ę¤œēŸ„éƒØ 4ć‚’ä»‹ć—ć¦ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3恌恓悌悒ꤜå‡ŗ恗态 č©²ęŒ‡å®šć• 悌恟äø”åƒć«åƾåæœć™ć‚‹ć€ čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6恫čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’čŖ­ćæå‡ŗ恙怂 恝 恗恦态 ć“ć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ćØå…±ć«ć€ ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę› 恗态 恓悌悒č”Øē¤ŗ制徔éƒØ 7ć‚’ä»‹ć—ć¦ä¾‹ćˆć°ćƒ¢ćƒ‹ć‚æč£…ē½®ē­‰ć®č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ć«ä¾›ēµ¦ć™ć‚‹,:ļ¼Œ 恓 ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸē”»åƒć‚’äøŠčؘč”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ć«ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚¢ć‚¦ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗ恙悋恓ćØ恌 恧恍悋怂
ꬔ恫态 ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚¢ć‚¦ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗ恕悌恟ē”»åƒć‚’見恦态 å®Ÿéš›ć«ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚’č”Œ ć†å‰ć«ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈ēŠ¶ę…‹ć‚’čŖč­˜ć—态 äøŠčؘäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“ć‚’č”Œć†å “åˆćÆ态 兄力éƒØ 5悒ꐔ ä½œć—ć¦ć€ č©²å¤‰ę›“ ļ¼ˆå‰Šé™¤ć‚„ä»˜åŠ ć‚‚å«ć‚€ļ¼‰ 恙悋äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å…„åŠ›ć‚’č”Œć†ć€‚ ć“ć®å…„åŠ›ć•ć‚Œ 恟äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćÆ态 å…„åŠ›ę¤œēŸ„éƒØ 4ć‚’ä»‹ć—ć¦ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ć«ä¾›ēµ¦ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚
ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćÆ态 äøŠčØ˜å¤‰ę›“ć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćŒä¾›ēµ¦ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ćØ态 čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6恫čØ˜ę†¶ ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“ꌇē¤ŗć‚’č”Œć†ć€‚ ć“ć®å¤‰ę›“å†…å®¹ćÆ态 ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ态 ä¾‹ćˆć° E E P R O M 1 1 5ć«ę ¼ē“ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćÆ态 äŗˆć‚čØ­å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć® ꌇē¤ŗ恫åŸŗć„ćć€ ć“ć®å¤‰ę›“ęŒ‡ē¤ŗ恕悌恟äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹éš›ć«å„Ŗ先ēš„恫ē”Ø恄态 恕悉恫恓恮äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć¦ č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ć«ä¾›ēµ¦ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå¤‰ę›“ć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć«åæœć˜ćŸå…© åƒć‚’ćƒ¢ćƒ‹ć‚æč”Øē¤ŗ恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ć¾ćŸć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ćÆ态 ć“ć®ćƒ¢ćƒ‹ć‚æč”Øē¤ŗ恕悌恟ē”»åƒćŒę‰€ęœ›ć®ć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć‚‹å “åˆć€ äøŠčؘ兄 力éƒØ 5ć‚’ę“ä½œć—ć¦ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚’ęŒ‡å®šć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3恌恓悌悒ꤜ å‡ŗ恗恦ē¾åœØćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ē”»åƒć«åæœć˜ćŸćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6恋 悉čŖ­ćæå‡ŗ恗态 å…ˆć®åŒę§˜ć®å‡¦ē†ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰åŠć“ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć¦å°å­— éƒØ 1 0ć«ä¾›ēµ¦ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå¤‰ę›“ć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć«åæœć˜ćŸē”»åƒ ē­‰ć‚’ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ćŖ恊态 äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰å…Øä½“ć‚’čØ˜ę†¶äæęŒć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹å “合 恫ćÆ态 ćć®äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åŸŗć„ć„ć¦ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ęœ¬ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ćÆ态 惙ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹å‰ 恫态 ē¢ŗå®šå‰ć®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ćƒ™ć‚æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć§ć‚ć‚‹ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć€ ć“ć®ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6恫čØ˜ę†¶ć—ć¦ćŠćć“ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ć¹ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ© ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ćŸå¾Œć«ćŠć„ć¦ć‚‚ć€ čØ˜ę†¶éƒØ 6恫čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć«åÆ¾ć— ć¦å¤‰ę›“å‡¦ē†ć‚’ę–½ć™ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋恟悁态 äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“ć‚’å®¹ę˜“åŒ–ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍 悋怂
仄äø‹ć€ 図 3ć®å‡¦ē†ć®é †åŗćØćÆē•°ćŖ悋 态 ć¾ćšć€ ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ćŒ'ęƒ³å®šć™ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æ恮 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恊悇恓äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’čŖ¬ę˜Žć—ćŸå¾Œć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«ć¤ć„ć¦čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ 悋怂
図 1 6恫态 ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ćŒęƒ³å®šć™ć‚‹å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮äø€ä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗ恙怂 恓悌ćÆ态 惗惭惃 å¤•ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦äøŽćˆć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚³ćƒžćƒ³ćƒ‰ćŠć‚ˆć³åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恋悉ćŖć‚‹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悊态 ä¾‹ćˆć° ASC I Ić‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖę–‡å­—ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰åˆ—ć§ę§‹ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒č”Ø悏恙 ļ¼ˆ 1 000, 2000) 悒꧋ꈐ恙悋" 0 " ļ¼Œ " 1" , " 2 " ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖå„ę”ę•°å€¤ ļ¼ˆ digits)悂 1惐悤 ćƒˆć®ę–‡å­—ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć§č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮 各åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćÆ 4惐悤 惈恧č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂
図 1 7恫态 図 1 6ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æä¾‹ć®äø­ć§ä½æē”Øć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹ć‚³ćƒžćƒ³ćƒ‰ć®ä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗ恙怂
" I N I Tļ¼› " ćÆ态 ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒送å‡ŗé–‹å§‹ę™‚ć«å‡ŗåŠ›ć•ć‚Œć‚‹åˆęœŸåŒ–å‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
" P ENW (ćƒšćƒ³ē•Ŗ号ļ¼‰ ļ¼Œ ļ¼ˆćƒšćƒ³å¹…ļ¼‰ ļ¼› " ćÆ态 č¤‡ę•°ć®ćƒšćƒ³ ļ¼ˆć‚¤ćƒ³ć‚Æć‚øć‚Ø惄 惈čؘ éŒ²ć§ćÆä»®ęƒ³ēš„ćŖ悂恮ļ¼‰ 恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ćć‚Œćžć‚Œć®ćƒšćƒ³å¹… ļ¼ˆćƒšćƒ³å¤Ŗ恕ļ¼‰ ć‚’ęŒ‡å®šć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć® ćƒšćƒ³å¹…ęŒ‡å®šå‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
" SPEN (ćƒ™ćƒ³ē•Ŗ号ļ¼‰ ļ¼› " ćÆ态 恓悌恋悉ä½æē”Øć™ć¹ććƒšćƒ³ć‚’ęŒ‡å®šć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ä½œ ē”»ćƒšćƒ³ęŒ‡å®šå‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚悋怂
" PNDN ; " ćÆ态 作ē”»ćƒšćƒ³ęŒ‡å®šå‘½ä»¤ć§ęŒ‡å®šć—ćŸćƒšćƒ³ć‚’ē”Øē“™ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦ęŠ¼ć—ć¤ć‘ ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ćƒšćƒ³äø‹ć’å‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
" PNUP ļ¼› " ćÆ态 ćƒšćƒ³äø‹ć’命令ćØé€†ć®å‹•ä½œć‚’ęŒ‡ē¤ŗć™ć‚‹ćƒšćƒ³äøŠć’å‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
" PMOV (Xåŗ§ęؙļ¼‰ ļ¼Œ ļ¼ˆYåŗ§ęؙļ¼‰ ļ¼› " ćÆ态 ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸćƒšćƒ³ć‚’ćć®ē¾åœØ位ē½®ć‹ 悉 ļ¼ˆXåŗ§ęؙļ¼Œ Yåŗ§ęؙļ¼‰ ć®ä½ē½®ć¾ć§ē›“ē·šē§»å‹•ć•ć›ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®ćƒšćƒ³ē§»å‹•å‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚悋怂 恓 ć®ćƒšćƒ³ē§»å‹•ć®éš›ć€ ćƒšćƒ³åŠ›äø‹ćŒć£ć¦ć„ć‚Œć°ē·šåŠ›ęē”»ć•ć‚Œć€ ćƒšćƒ³ć‚«?äøŠćŒć£ć¦ć„ć‚Œć°ę ē”»ćÆč”Œć‚ć‚Œćšå˜ć«ćƒ™ćƒ³ć®ē¾åœØ位ē½®ć®ćæćŒå¤‰åŒ–ć™ć‚‹ c
" C I RC (半径ļ¼‰ ļ¼Œ ļ¼ˆč§’åŗ¦ļ¼‰ ļ¼› " ćÆ态 ē¾åœØ位ē½®ć‚’äø­åæƒćØ恗恦态 ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸč§’ åŗ¦å˜ä½ć®å††å¼§ć‚’ē›“ē·šć§čæ‘ä¼¼ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸåŠå¾„ć®å††ć‚’ęē”»ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ ć®å††ęē”»å‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚悋怂 ļ¼ˆč§’åŗ¦ļ¼‰ 悒ēœē•„ć—ćŸå “åˆćÆ态 äŗˆć‚å®šć‚ćŸč§’åŗ¦ ļ¼ˆä¾‹ćˆć° 5 ' ) ćŒćƒ‡ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ«ćƒˆå€¤ćØ恗恦ꎔē”Ø恕悌悋怂
" D E N Dļ¼› " ćÆ态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ēµ‚äŗ†ć‚’ē¤ŗć™å‘½ä»¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ 図 1 1ć®ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 ć¾ćšć€ ćƒšćƒ³ 1ćØćƒšćƒ³ 2ć®ćƒšćƒ³å¹…ć‚’ćć‚Œćžć‚Œ" 5" ćØ" 1 0" 恫čØ­å®šć—ć€ ćć®å¾Œć€ ćƒšćƒ³ 1悒åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ1 000ļ¼Œ 1 000) ćøē§»å‹•ć•ć›ć‚‹ć€‚ 恝恓 恧态 ćƒšćƒ³ 1悒äø‹ć’恦态 åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ2000ļ¼Œ 2000) ćøē§»å‹•ć•ć›ć€ 恕悉恫åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ( 1000ļ¼Œ 2000) ćøē§»å‹•ć•ć›ć‚‹ć€‚ ćć®å¾Œć€ ć“ć®ćƒšćƒ³ 1悒äøŠć’悋怂 ꬔ恫态 惙 ćƒ³ 2ć‚’ęŒ‡å®šć—ć€ åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ2000ļ¼Œ 1 000) ćøē§»å‹•ć•ć›ćŸå¾Œć€ ć“ć®ćƒšćƒ³ 2悒惀 ć‚„ćƒ³ć•ć›ć‚‹ć€‚ 恝恓恧态 ć“ć®ćƒšćƒ³ 2悒åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ3000ļ¼Œ 1 000 ) ć¾ć§ē§»å‹•ć•ć› 悋怂 ē¶šć„恦态 ć“ć®ćƒšćƒ³ 2悒äø‹ć’ćŸć¾ć¾åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ3000ļ¼Œ 2000) ćøē§»å‹•ć•ć› ćŸå¾Œć€ ć“ć®ćƒ™ćƒ³ 2悒äøŠć’悋怂 恕悉恫态 ć“ć®ćƒ™ćƒ³ 2悒åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ4000ļ¼Œ 400 0) ćøē§»å‹•ć•ć›ćŸå¾Œć€ ćƒšćƒ³ 2悒äø‹ć’ć¦åŠå¾„" 800" ć®å††ć‚’ęē”»ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ćć®å¾Œć€ ćƒšćƒ³ 2悒äøŠć’恦态 ć“ć®ä½œē”»å‡¦ē†ć‚’ēµ‚äŗ†ć™ć‚‹ c
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ä½œē”»ć•ć‚ŒćŸē”»åƒć‚’図 18恫ē¤ŗ恙怂 ćƒšćƒ³ 1ćØćƒšćƒ³ 2恧ćŗćƒ³å¹…ćŒē•° ćŖć£ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć“ćØ力'åˆ†ć‹ć‚‹ć€‚
図 1 6ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æä¾‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćØ恗恦ćÆćƒ™ćƒ³å¹…ć®ćæ悒ē¤ŗć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹åŠ› 実際 恫ćÆ态 ä»–ć®å„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ä»˜åŠ ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ꬔ恫态 äø­å•ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®å…·ä½“ēš„ćŖę§‹ęˆć‚’å›³ 13态 図 1 4态 図 1 5ć«ć‚ˆć‚ŠčŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ć€‚ 図 13恫态 äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®å…·ä½“ēš„ćŖćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗ恙怂 äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ćÆ态 å„ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ć« 恤恄恦态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ē•Ŗ号 ļ¼ˆNā€” 1ļ¼Œ N, N+ 1ē­‰ļ¼‰ ćØ态 ćć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ć«å«ć¾ć‚Œć‚‹å„ć¹ć‚Æ ć‚æ恮č¼Ŗ郭 ļ¼ˆć‚¢ć‚¦ ćƒˆćƒ©ć‚¤ćƒ³ļ¼‰ ć®ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ ćƒˆć®å€‹ę•° ļ¼ˆ 1ļ¼Œ 2ē­‰ļ¼‰ ćØ态 å„ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ 惈恮åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ļ¼ˆ ļ¼ˆX I, Y 1) ļ¼Œ ļ¼ˆx 6ļ¼Œ y 6) ē­‰ļ¼‰ ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šę§‹ęˆć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ 図 1 3ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ē”Øē“™äøŠć®åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ć«åƾåæœć„ć‘ćŸę§˜å­ć‚’å›³ 14恫ē¤ŗ恙怂 ć“ć®ä¾‹ ćÆ态 ē«Æē‚¹ 14 1ļ¼Œ 149ć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹å¹… Wć®ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ悒惗惭惃 ćƒˆć—ćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ 但 恗态 å›³ć§ćÆćƒšćƒ³å¹… WćÆčŖ‡å¼µć—恦ē¤ŗ恗恦恂悋怂
図 13ćŠć‚ˆć³å›³ 1 4ć‹ć‚‰åˆ†ć‹ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆåŗ§ęؙē‚¹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å«ćæ态 恓 恮åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 ē·šå¹…ē­‰ć®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’åę˜ ć•ć›ć¦å¾—ć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗéƒ­ć‚’å®šć‚ 悋悂恮恧恂悋怂 ć‚ˆć‚Šå…·ä½“ēš„恫ćÆ态 恓恮åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 å€‹ć€…ć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ęÆŽć«å¾—ć‚‰ć‚Œ ć‚‹ćć®ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗ郭恮ē‰¹å¾“ē‚¹ć‚’éøęŠžć—ć¦å¾—ćŸć‚‚ć®ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ęÆŽć®ć¹ć‚Æ夕 恮č¼Ŗ郭ćÆ态 1å€‹ć¾ćŸćÆč¤‡ę•°å€‹ć® ć€Œę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆć€ ć«åˆ†å‰²ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ å„ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ” ćƒ³ 惈ćÆ态 åŸŗęœ¬ēš„ć«å››č§’å½¢ć§ć‚ć‚Šć€ 4恤恮頂ē‚¹ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šč”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 図 1 4ć®ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ” ćƒ³ćƒˆ 13 1悄 138ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«äø‰č§’å½¢ć®ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆćÆ态 ćć®ć†ć”ć® 1恤恮頂ē‚¹ć‚’重 複恗恦čؘčæ°ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć§ćÆ态 ć™ć¹ć¦ć®ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆć‚’ 4恤 恮頂ē‚¹ć§č”Ø悏恙怂 図 1 3ć®ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆ 1 3 1ćÆ态 ćć®é ‚ē‚¹ć® 1恤恧 恂悋åŗ§ęؙ ļ¼ˆx 6ļ¼Œ y 6 ) åŠ›ć€'重複čؘčæ°ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„悋恓ćØ力 ?åˆ†ć‹ć‚‹ć€‚
äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ态 ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«å››č§’å½¢ć®é›†åˆćØćŖ悋恟悁态 å„å››č§’å½¢ć® 4頂ē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęؙ 力 ć¤ć®ćƒ‡äø€å¤•å˜ä½ćØćŖ悋怂 1ē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 ļ¼ˆXåŗ§ęؙļ¼‰ ćØ ļ¼ˆyåŗ§ęؙļ¼‰ 恋悉 ćŖ悋恟悁态 č؈ 8å€‹ć®ę•°å€¤ć§č”Ø悏恕悌悋 ļ¼ˆć“恮 8å€‹ć®ę•°å€¤ć‹ć‚‰ćŖć‚‹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æå˜ä½ć‚’ 1 D L (Di splay Li s悊ćØå‘¼ć¶ļ¼‰ 怂 ć—ćŸćŒć£ć¦ć€ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ态 実ē”Øē“™äøŠć®ćƒ‘ćƒ³ 惉 ē•Ŗ号ćØćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å†…ć«å­˜åœØ恙悋 D LꕰćØ D Lćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ恮ēµ„ć‚’ē”Øē“™äøŠć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ę•°ć ć‘ę©¾ 悊čæ”恗恦čؘčæ°ć—ćŸć‚·äø€ć‚±ćƒ³ć‚·ćƒ£ćƒ«ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恧恂悋ćØ恄恈悋怂
図 1 4恮^恧ćÆ态 惙ć‚Æć‚æå…Øä½“ć®č¼Ŗ郭ćÆ态 8å€‹ć®ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆ 1 3 1怜 1 3 8 恮 4頂ē‚¹ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå®šē¾©ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„悋怂 図äø­ć€ å¤§ę–‡å­—ć® Xļ¼Œ Y恧ē¤ŗ恗恟åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆé»’ćƒ‰ćƒƒ 惈恧ē¤ŗ恙ļ¼‰ 1 4 2怜 1 4 5ćÆē·šå¹…ć‚’åę˜ ć•ć›ćŸćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗéƒ­ć‚’å®šć‚ć‚‹ 4ē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęؙ ē‚¹ć‚’ē¤ŗ恗态 å°ę–‡å­—ć® Xļ¼Œ y恧ē¤ŗ恗恟åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆē™½ćƒ‰ćƒƒ åœć§ē¤ŗ恙ļ¼‰ 1 4 6怜 1 5 2 ćÆ态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚£ćƒ³ć‚°å‡¦ē†ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šē”Ÿęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸåŗ§ęؙē‚¹ć§ć‚悋怂
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ 1 3恮åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫ćÆć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćŒåę˜ ć•ć‚ŒćŸ å½¢ćØćŖć£ć¦ćŠć‚Šć€ ć“ć‚Œć«åŸŗ恄恄恦态 äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’å¤‰ę›“恗恟悊ē”»åƒć®å†é…ē½®ć‚’ć—ćŸć‚Š 恙悋恓ćØćÆ态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ćć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖ処ē†ć‚’č”Œć†å “åˆć«ęÆ”ć¹ć¦ć€ 困難 ć‚«?ä¼“ć†ć“ćØ力ē†č§£ć•ć‚Œć‚ˆć†ć€‚
ćŖ恊态 図 1 4ć®ä¾‹ć§ćÆ先ē«Æå½¢ēŠ¶ć‚’č€ƒę…®ć—ć¦ć„ćŖ恄恌态 先ē«Æå½¢ēŠ¶ć‚’č€ƒę…®ć—ćŸå “合 恫ćÆćć®å…ˆē«Æå½¢ēŠ¶ć‚‚å«ć‚ćŸč¼Ŗéƒ­ćŒå®šć¾ć‚Šć€ ćć®č¼Ŗ郭恫åæœć˜ć¦ć€ äøŠčæ°ć—ćŸć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ å„ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³åœćŒå®šć¾ć‚‹ć€‚
図 1 3åŠć³å›³ 1 4恮čŖ¬ę˜Žć‹ć‚‰ęŽØęø¬ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ図 1 5恫ē¤ŗ恙悈 恆ćŖćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈悒꜉恙悋怂 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ 惎 ćƒ³ćƒ‰ē•Ŗ号 1 6 1ćØ态 ćć®ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ ć«å«ć¾ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆ ļ¼ˆD L ) ć®å€‹ę•° 1 6 2ćØ态 å„ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆć® 4恤恮åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 1 6 3恮ēµ„悒态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ę•°åˆ†äø¦ć¹ćŸć‚‚恮恧恂悋怂 ć“ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ęÆŽć®ćƒ© ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ē”ŸęˆćŒå®¹ę˜“ć«č”Œćˆć‚‹ć€‚
ꬔ恫态 ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©äø€ćƒžćƒ„ 惈悒꜉恙悋ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć§ć‚ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć® ꧋造恫恤恄恦čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ć€‚
図 4恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ态 惗惭惃 惈恮 1å˜ä½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ«ćØ呼 恰悌悋惇äø€ć‚æ惖惭惃ć‚Æ悒꜉恙悋怂 通åøøć“ć®ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚£ćƒ«ćÆ 1ćƒšćƒ¼ć‚øåˆ†ć®ē”»åƒć«ē›øå½“ć™ 悋怂 å„ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ«ćÆ态 各ēØ®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ态 ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ态 äæ®é£¾ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ态 åŗ§ ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恋悉꧋ꈐ恕悌悋怂 ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ«ć«ćÆå›ŗå®šé•·ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØåÆå¤‰é•·ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćŒę··åœØ恙悋 恟悁态 å„ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å…ˆé ­ć«ćć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćŒć©ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖēØ®åˆ„ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恋悒ē¤ŗ恙識 刄子ćØ恗恦恮å›ŗ定長 ļ¼ˆć“ć®ä¾‹ć§ćÆ 1惐悤 惈ļ¼‰ ć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ä»˜åŠ ć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ 図 4ć®ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 " FH" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 0 1ćÆ态 ćć®ē›“å¾Œć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恌å›ŗ定 é•·ć®ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ«ćƒ˜ćƒƒćƒ€ 4 1 2恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋怂 " I S" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 02ćÆ态 ē›“å¾Œć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恌ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ悒č”Ø悏恙 8惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒 ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋怂 " AT" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 403ćÆ态 ćć®ē›“å¾Œć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 1 1恌å›ŗ å®šé•·ć®ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋.ļ¼Œ " A3" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 40 4ćÆ态 ä»„é™ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 1 3恌 3惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ć®ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦 恄悋怂 " R 2" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 05ćÆ态 ä»„é™ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 1 5恌 2惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•° 恮ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋怂 " A4" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 06 ćÆ态 ä»„é™ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恌 4惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ć®ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋怂 " R 3" ćØ恄恆ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 407ćÆ态 ä»„é™ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恌 4惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ć®ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋怂 ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒č”Ø悏恙ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 40 1 怜4 1 0ć®å…ˆé ­ć®" A" ćŠć‚ˆć³" R" ćÆēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ćŠć‚ˆć³ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć®åˆ„ć‚’ē¤ŗ恗态 恝 ć‚Œć«ē¶šćę•°å­—ćÆ惐悤 惈ꕰ悒ē¤ŗ恗恦恄悋怂
ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ«ćƒ˜ćƒƒćƒ€ 4 1 1ćÆ态 惗惭惃ć‚æć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę™‚恫态 ē”»åƒ 惇äø€ć‚æ恫č‡Ŗ動ēš„ć«ä»˜äøŽć•ć‚Œć‚‹ćƒ•ć‚¢ć‚¤ćƒ«ē•Ŗå·ć‚ć‚‹ć„ćÆćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ćŒå…„åŠ›ć™ć‚‹ä»»ę„ć®ćƒ•ć‚” ć‚£ćƒ«åē§°ć‚’ę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹å›ŗå®šé•·ć®ć‚ØćƒŖ悔恧恂悋怂
ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 42 1ćÆ态 図 2 0恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ 兄力äø”åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«ć‚ˆć‚Šč”Ø悏 恕悌恟态 ä»®ęƒ³ē”Øē“™äøŠć§ć® 1ćƒ•ć‚¢ć‚¤ćƒ«ć®ē”»åƒć®å¤–ēøć®ę°“å¹³ę–¹å‘ćŠć‚ˆć³åž‚ē›“ę–¹å‘ć®ć‚µ ć‚£ć‚ŗ Ī”Ī§ļ¼Œ Ī”Ī„恧恂悋 恓恮ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‹ć‚‰ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€
Ī”Ī§= (ęœ€å¤§ X) - ļ¼ˆęœ€å° X)
Ī”Ī„= (ęœ€å¤§ Ī„) - ļ¼ˆęœ€å° Ī„)
恧ē®—å‡ŗ恕悌悋怂 図 2 0ć‹ć‚‰åˆ†ć‹ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ęœ€å¤§ XćŠć‚ˆć³ęœ€å° XćÆ态 恝悌恞悌态 ē”» åƒć‚’ę§‹ęˆć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ē”»ē“ ć® Xåŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć®ć†ć”ć€ ę°“å¹³ę–¹å‘ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ęœ€å¤§ćŠć‚ˆć³ęœ€å°ć®åŗ§ ęØ™å€¤ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ Yć«ć¤ć„ć¦ć‚‚åŒę§˜ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ ęœ¬ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 Ī”Ī§ļ¼Œ Ī”Ī„ćÆćć‚Œćžć‚Œć® 4惐 悤 惈 ļ¼ˆ32惓惃 惈ļ¼‰ ē¬¦å·ćŖ恗å›ŗå®šé•·ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂
ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ 4 1 2ćÆ态 各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å›ŗå®šé•·ć®ć‚ØćƒŖć‚¢ć§ć‚ć‚Šć€ 恝 ć®å…·ä½“ä¾‹ć‚’å›³ 1 0恫ē¤ŗ恙怂 図 1 0ć®ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ 4 1 2ćÆ态 後ē¶šć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć§å®šē¾© 恕悌悋惙ć‚Æć‚æ恫ä½æē”Øć™ć‚‹ćƒšćƒ³ć®ē•Ŗ号 (penNumber) 4 1 2 1态 ćƒšćƒ³å¹… 4 1 2 2态 ē·šåˆ† 恮ē«ÆéƒØå½¢ēŠ¶ć‚’å®šć‚ć‚‹ēµ‚ē«Æć‚æ悤惗ļ¼ˆlineEnds) 4 1 23态 ē·šåˆ†ć®ē«ÆéƒØåŒå£«ć®ēµåˆć®å½¢ ēŠ¶ć‚’å®šć‚ć‚‹ēµåˆć‚æ悤惗ļ¼ˆlinejoin) 4 1 24态 ē·šåˆ†ć®č¼Ŗ郭内éƒØć®å”—ć‚Šę½°ć—ćƒ‘ć‚æćƒ¼ćƒ³ ć‚’å®šć‚ć‚‹å”—ć‚Šę½°ć—ć‚æ悤惗ļ¼ˆiillType) 4 1 2 5ē­‰ć‚’å«ć‚€ć€‚
å›³ć€‘ 1恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 ćƒšćƒ³ē•Ŗ号 4 1 2 1ćÆ 0怜63恮ēÆ„å›²ć®å€¤ 悒ćØ悊态 6惓惃 ćƒˆć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧č”Ø悏恕悌悋,ļ¼Œ ćƒšćƒ³å¹… 4 1 22ćÆ态 3 2惓惃 ćƒˆć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æ恧č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 ēµ‚ē«Æć‚æ悤惗 4 1 23ćŠć‚ˆć³ēµåˆć‚æ悤惖 4 1 24ćÆ态 恝悌恞悌态 0怜 4恮ēÆ„å›²ć®å€¤ć‚’ćØ悊态 3惓惃 惈恧č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 å”—ć‚Šę½°ć—ć‚æ悤惗 4 1 2 5ćÆ态 0怜396恮ēÆ„å›²ć®å€¤ć‚’ćØ悊态 9惓惃 ćƒˆć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 ä½†ć—ć€ ęœ¬ē™ŗ꘎ćÆ ć“ć‚Œć‚‰ć®å…·ä½“ēš„ćŖę•°å€¤ć«é™å®šć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚‚ć®ć§ćÆćŖ恄怂
ēµåˆć‚æ悤惗 4 1 24恮 3ć¤ć®ä¾‹ć‚’å›³ 1 2恫ē¤ŗ恙怂 ļ¼ˆ a ) ćÆć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗéƒ­ć®å¤–å“ 頂ē‚¹åŒå£«ć‚’ē›“ē·šć§ēµåˆć™ć‚‹ć‚æ悤惗悒ē¤ŗ恗态 ļ¼ˆb) ćÆäø”外偓頂ē‚¹é–“ć‚’å††å¼§ć§ēµåˆć™ 悋ć‚æ悤惗悒ē¤ŗ恗态 ļ¼ˆc) ćÆēµåˆć™ć‚‹ 2ć¤ć®ć¹ć‚Æć‚æć®å¤–å“å“éƒØ恮č¼Ŗ郭ē·šć‚’å»¶é•·ć™ć‚‹ ć‚æć‚£ćƒ—ć‚’ē¤ŗ恙:
図 4恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æå†…ć«ćÆ态 惙ć‚Æć‚æć®ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 1 2ćØåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ļ¼Œ y) 4 1 3ē­‰ćØ力 sē›øäŗ’恫ē‹¬ē«‹ć«ę··åœØ恗恦恄悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ 同äø€ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ力?ē¶šćå “合ćÆ态 ćć®é–“ć€ ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 1 2力ēœē•„恕悌 ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ćŖć£ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ 恓悌ćÆ态 äø€čˆ¬ēš„恫态 惙ć‚Æć‚æćÆå††ć‚„å¤šč§’å½¢ć€ 連ē¶šē·šåˆ†ć®ę§‹ęˆ 要ē“ ć§ć‚ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć€ å¤šę•°ć®åŒć˜ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ力ē¶šćć“ćØåŠ›č€ƒćˆć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹ć‹ć‚‰ć§ć‚ 悋怂
ć¾ćŸć€ 連ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ ļ¼ˆ iē•Ŗē›®ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮ēµ‚ē‚¹ćŒ i + 1ē•Ŗē›®ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æć®å§‹ē‚¹ć«äø€č‡“ 恙悋 nå€‹ć®ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ ļ¼ˆ i = lļ¼Œ 2, Ā· Ā· Ā·ļ¼Œ nā€” 1 ) 恮ēµ„ļ¼‰ ćÆ态 ē‚¹åˆ—ćØ恗恦č”Øē¾ć™ 悋恓ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ 重複恙悋åŗ§ęؙē‚¹ ļ¼ˆ iē•Ŗē›®ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮ēµ‚ē‚¹ = i + 1ē•Ŗē›®ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮 始ē‚¹ļ¼‰ ćÆ 1恤恮ē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ćæ悒äæęŒć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖ連ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恫恤恄恦 ćÆ态 ćć®å…ˆé ­ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æć®å§‹ē‚¹ćÆēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧č”Ø悏恗态 ä»„é™ć®ē«Æē‚¹ćÆē›“å‰ć®ē«Æ ē‚¹ć«åÆ¾ć™ć‚‹ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏恙怂 図 1 8ć®ä¾‹ć§č€ƒćˆć‚Œć°ć€ 連ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ 1 9 1ļ¼Œ 1 9 2ć®å…ˆé ­ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ 1 9 1ć®å§‹ē‚¹ 1 8 1力ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏恕悌态 他恮ē«Æē‚¹ 1 8 2态 1 8 3ćÆå‰ć®ē‚¹ć‹ć‚‰ć®ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 åŒę§˜ć«ć€ 連ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ 1 9 3ļ¼Œ 1 9 4 恫恤恄恦悂态 ćć®å…ˆé ­ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ 1 9 3ć®å§‹ē‚¹ 1 8 4力 sēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏恕悌态 他恮ē«Æ ē‚¹ 1 8 5态 1 8 6ćÆå‰ć®ē‚¹ć‹ć‚‰ć®ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏恕悌悋怂 円 1 9 5ćÆ态 子ē“°ć«å›³ ē¤ŗ恗ćŖ恄恌态 ę‰€å®šć®å¤šč§’å½¢ć§čæ‘ä¼¼ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć®ć§ć€ ćć®č¾ŗćÆ連ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æćØć—ć¦åŒę§˜ć« ę‰±ć‚ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚ ćŖ恊态 ē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć®ę–¹ćŒēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ć‚ˆć‚Šć‚‚ćć®ēµ¶åÆ¾å€¤ćŒå¤§ćććŖć‚‹å “åˆć‚‚ ć‚ć‚‹åŠ› f态 äø€čˆ¬ēš„ćŖē”»åƒć«ćŠć„恦ćÆē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć®ēµ¶åÆ¾å€¤ć®ę–¹åŠ›5'å°ć•ććŖ悋ćØäŗˆęƒ³ć•ć‚Œ 悋恮恧态 ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć§ćÆå…ˆé ­ć¹ć‚Æć‚æć®å§‹ē‚¹ä»„å¤–ć®ē«Æē‚¹ćÆäø€å¾‹ć«ē›øåƾåŗ§ęؙćØ恗恦恄 悋怂
図 4ć®ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 2 1恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦å°‚ē”Øć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 0 2悒čØ­ 恑恟恌态 ć“ć®ä»£ć‚ć‚Šć«ć€ ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 4 2 1ć‚’ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ«ćƒ˜ćƒƒćƒ€ 4 1 1å†…ć«å« ć‚ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆć„ć€‚
仄äøŠć®ć‚ˆć†ćŖćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ę§‹é€ ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ圧ēø®ć‚’å›³ć‚‹ć‚ˆ 恆恫ćŖ恤恦恄悋怂
äøŠčØ˜ćƒ™ćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮ēœē•„ćÆ态 1ēµ„ć®é€£ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æå†…ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć ć‘ć§ćŖ 恏态 複 ć®é€£ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć‚‚č”Œć†ć‚ˆć†ć«ćŖć£ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ć‚ć‚‹é€£ē¶š 惙ć‚Æć‚æć®ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćŒć€ ćć®å‰ć®é€£ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æć®å±žę€§ćØåŒć˜å “åˆć€ å¾Œč€…ć®é€£ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ 恫åÆ¾ć™ć‚‹ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆēœē•„恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 連ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮途äø­ć§ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ ćŒå¤‰ć‚ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ćŖå “åˆć€ ćć“ć«ę–°ć—ć„ćƒ™ćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ęŒæå…„ć—ć¦ē‚¹åˆ—ć‚’ę‰“ć”åˆ‡ć‚Šć€ ä»„é™ć‚’åˆ„ć®é€£ē¶šć¹ć‚Æć‚æćØć—ć¦å–ć‚Šę‰±ć†ć€‚ ć“ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć¤ć¦ć‚‚ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åæ…要 ćŖćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æé‡ćŒä½Žęø›ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć€‚
ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆåÆå¤‰é•·ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋怂 ä¾‹ćˆć°ć€ 恂悋åŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć‚’č”Ø ć‚ć™ć®ć« n惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•° ļ¼ˆlā‰¤nā‰¤3 ) ć§ååˆ†ć§ć‚ć‚Œć°ć€ ćć®åŗ§ęؙ値ćÆ n惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧č”Øē¾ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æę§‹é€ ć‚‚ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ圧ēø®ć«åƄäøŽć™ 悋怂
図 5ć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ę§‹ęˆć™ć‚‹åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćŠć‚ˆć³ęŒ‡ ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮꧋造悒čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ć€‚
前čæ°ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ęœ¬ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćŠć„恦ćÆ态 ꌇęؙćØ恗恦 1惐悤 惈悒ē‹¬ē«‹ć«ä½æē”Ø ć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ćŖ恤恦恊悊态 ć“ć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ« .惘惃惀ļ¼Œ ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æļ¼Œ åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å…ˆé ­ć«ä»˜åŠ ć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ćŖć£ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ åŒę•°ć®ćƒć‚¤ ćƒˆę•°ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恌 連ē¶šć™ć‚‹å “åˆć«ćÆ态 2ē•Ŗ Ļ‹ä»„é™ć®ćƒć‚¤ åœć«ć¤ć„ć¦ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆēœē•„ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć« ćŖć£ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚ ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å¾Œć«ē¶šććƒ•ć‚”ć‚¤ćƒ« 'ćƒ˜ćƒƒćƒ€åŠć³ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 åæ… ćš 1å€‹ć§ć‹ć¤å›ŗå®šé•·ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚
図 5恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ 1惐悤 åœć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ęœ€äøŠä½ 1惐悤 惈ćØ悒 åŒŗåˆ„ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć«ć€ å½“č©²ćƒć‚¤ ćƒˆć®ęœ€äøŠä½ćƒ“ćƒƒ 惈悒ä½æē”Ø恙悋怂 恙ćŖć‚ć”ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰ 1惐悤 ćƒˆć‚’å–ć‚Šå‡ŗ恗恟ćØćć«ć€ ćć®ęœ€äøŠä½ćƒ“ćƒƒ 惈恌 O N ( 1 ) 恧恂悌 ć°ćć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æåŠ›ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悋恓ćØ悒ē¤ŗ恗态 ćć®ęœ€äøŠä½ćƒ“ćƒƒ 惈恌 O F F ( 0 ) 恧恂悌恰åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ęœ€äøŠä½ćƒć‚¤ 惈悒ē¤ŗ恙恓ćØćØćŖ悋, ćŖ恊态 当ē„¶ćŖ恌悉 2惐悤 惈仄äøŠć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恮 2個 ä»„é™ć®ćƒć‚¤ åœć«ć¤ć„ć¦ćÆćć®ęœ€äøŠä½ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆć®å€¤ćÆä½•ć‚‰åˆ¶ 限恕悌ćŖ恄怂
ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ꌇęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ恮åŒŗåˆ„ć®ćŸć‚ć«ć€ ē³œęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ęœ€äøŠä½ 1惐悤 ćƒˆć®ęœ€ äøŠä½ 1惓惃 惈ćÆ态 č­˜åˆ„ē”Ø惓惃 惈ćØ恗恦ä½æē”Ø恧恍ćŖ恏ćŖ悋恟悁态 n惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ćÆ実 際恫ćÆ态 ļ¼ˆn X 8ā€” 1 ) 惓惃 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ćØćŖ悋怂 ć—ćŸćŒć£ć¦ć€ 1 怜 4惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ę•°ć ć‘ 恧ćÆ态 3 1惓惃 ćƒˆć‚’č¶…ćˆć‚‹ę•“ę•°ćÆč”Øē¾ć—ćć‚ŒćŖ恄恓ćØćØćŖ悋怂 ć“ć®ćŸć‚ć€ 3 2 惓惃 åœć§ć—ć‹č”Øē¾ć§ććŖć„ę•“ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫恤恄恦ćÆ态 図 6恫ē¤ŗć™ć‚ˆć†ć« 5惐悤 ćƒˆę•“ ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ē”Øę„ć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ć€‚
ć¾ćŸć€ ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恧ē”Ø恄悉悌悋ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęؙćÆ态 ååˆ†ć«å¤§ćć„ä»®ęƒ³ ē”Øē“™äøŠć®ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§ć‚ć‚Šć€ ćć®åŗ§ęØ™ć‚’ć€ äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰å¤‰ę›ć®éš›ć«å®Ÿē”Øē“™äøŠćøå°å­—ć™ ć‚‹å®Ÿå°å­—ä½ē½®ć®åŗ§ęØ™ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ć“ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćƒŽäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰å¤‰ę› ć®éš›ć«ęœ€ēµ‚ēš„ćŖåŗ§ęØ™ć‚’ę±ŗå®šć™ć‚‹äŗ‹ć«ć‚ˆć£ć¦ć€ 兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å—äæ”完äŗ†ć—ćŸå¾Œć§ ć‚‚å°å­—ä½ē½®ć‚’č‡Ŗē”±ć«å¤‰ćˆć‚‹ć“ćØ恌å‡ŗę„ć‚‹ć€‚ ć—ćŸåŠ› s恤恦态 再配ē½®å‡¦ē†ē­‰ć®éš›ć«ć‚‚従 ę„ć‚ˆć‚Šč‡Ŗē”±åŗ¦ć®é«˜ć„再配ē½®å°å­—力åÆčƒ½ćØćŖ悋怂 再配ē½®å‡¦ē†ćÆ态 ćƒ­ćƒ¼ćƒ«ē“™ē­‰ć®é•·å°ŗ ē”Øē“™ć‚’ē”Øć„ćŸéš›ć«äø€čˆ¬ć«ē”Ø恄悉悌悋怂 ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć§ćÆ态 ē”Øē“™ć‚’ēƀē“„ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®å†é… ē½®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗć‚’ę“ä½œćƒ‘ćƒćƒ«ć‹ć‚‰ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶åŠ› ^ꌇē¤ŗ恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć“ć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗ恫åæœć˜ć¦ć€ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æč§£ęžéƒØ 3ćŒćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åŸŗć„ćć€ 図 1 9 ( a ) 恫ē¤ŗ恙悈恆ćŖē”»åƒć®å° å­—ć‚’ć€ 図 1 9 ( b ) 恫ē¤ŗ恙悈恆ćŖē”»åƒć®å°å­—ć«å†é…ē½®ć™ć‚‹ć€‚ 具体ēš„恫ćÆ态 位ē½®ęƒ… å ±ć«ć¤ć„ć¦ćÆ态 惗ćƒŖäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰äøŠć®åŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦åŽŸē‚¹ē§»å‹• ļ¼ˆć‚Ŗćƒ•ć‚»ćƒƒ 惈ļ¼‰ åˆ†ć‚’ č¶³ć™ć“ćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Šäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹ć€‚ åŒę™‚ć«å›žč»¢ć®åæ…要ćŖå “åˆć«ćÆ态 å›žč»¢å‡¦ē† ć‚’ę–½ć™ć€‚
仄äø‹ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰å†…ć«ć‚ć‚‹äøŠčؘē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ē”Øć„ć¦č”Œć†ć€ ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈åÆ¾č±”ć®ē”»åƒć®ę‹”大ēø®å°å‡¦ē†ćŠć‚ˆć³å›žč»¢å‡¦ē†ć«ć¤ć„恦čŖ¬ę˜Žć™ć‚‹ć€‚ ęœ¬å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć«ćŠć„ć¦ćÆ态 ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć®ē”Ÿęˆå¾Œć«ć€ ä¾‹ćˆć°ćƒ—ćƒŖćƒ³ćƒˆć‚Øćƒ³ć‚øćƒ³ 2 6ć‹ć‚‰å¾—ć‚‰ć‚Œć‚‹å®Ÿē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗćŒå¤‰ę›“ć«ćŖć¤ćŸå “åˆć§ć‚‚ć€ ćć®å®Ÿē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗć«åˆć‚ 恛恦ē”»åƒć‚’ę‹”大ēø®å°ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ力 såÆčƒ½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ 具体ēš„恫ćÆ态 ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‹ć‚‰å¾— 悉悌悋ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćØ実ē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ恮ęÆ”ć‚’ć€ äø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆć®éš›ć«ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ äø­ć®åŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć«ä¹—ć˜ć‚‹ć“ćØć«ć‚ˆć£ć¦ć€ 実ē”Øē“™ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦é©åˆ‡ćŖ悵悤ć‚ŗ恮ē”»åƒć‚’å½¢ęˆć™ 悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰äø­ć«å«ć¾ć‚Œć‚‹ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗć‚’åŒ…å«ć§ćć‚‹ęœ€ ć‚‚å°ć•ć„å®šåž‹ē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗ悒ꖰ恟ćŖē”»åƒć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗćØ恗恦态 恓悌ćØ実ē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗćØ恮ęƔ 悒ē”Ø恄悌恰态 å½¢ęˆć•ć‚ŒćŸē”»åƒć®ēø¦ęØŖęÆ”ć‚‚äæå­˜ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć“ć®ä»£ć‚ć‚Šć«ć€ ē”»åƒć®ēø¦ęØŖęÆ”ć‚’äæå­˜ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć«ćÆ态 Xć¾ćŸćÆ Yåŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć®äø€ę–¹ć®ćæ恮ęÆ”ć‚’ē”Ø恄恦态 ä»–ę–¹ć«ć‚‚ćć®ęÆ”ć‚’é©ē”Øć™ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆć„ć€‚
ē”»åƒć®å›žč»¢ćÆ态 ē”»åƒć®å†é…ē½®ć®éš›ć«č‡Ŗ動ēš„ć«č”Œć†ä»–ć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗć«ć‚ˆć£ć¦č”Œ 恆恓ćØ悂åÆčƒ½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ č‡Ŗ動ēš„ć«č”Œć†å “åˆć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰äø­ć®ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 恋悉ē”»åƒć®å‘恍 ļ¼ˆPortrait/Landscape)åŠ›åˆ†ć‹ć‚‹ć®ć§ć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ćŒē”Øē“™ć®å‘ćć‚’é–“é• ćˆć¦ć‚»ćƒƒ ćƒˆć—ćŸå “åˆć§ć‚‚ć€ ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ č‡Ŗ動ēš„ ć«å›žč»¢å‡¦ē†ć‚’č”Œć£ć¦äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć“ć®å›žč»¢å‡¦ē†ćÆ态 仄äø‹ ć®å¼ć‚’ē”Ø恄恦态 ćƒ–ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰äø­ć®åŗ§ęØ™å€¤ć‚’äø€ę¬”å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØć«ć‚ˆć£ć¦å®Ÿē¾ć•ć‚Œ 悋怂
X =x - c o s ^ā€” y - s i n ^
y =y - s Ī¹ Ī· ^ + Ļ‡ Ā· c o s ^
恓恓恫态 ļ¼ˆxļ¼Œ y) ćÆå¤‰ę›å‰ć®åŗ§ęØ™ć§ć‚ć‚Šć€ ļ¼ˆĻ‡' , y ' ļ¼š) ćÆå¤‰ę›å¾Œć®åŗ§ęØ™ć§ć‚ 悋怂 通åøø态 ćÆå›žč»¢č§’åŗ¦ć§ć‚悊态 再配ē½®ć®éš›ć«ćÆ通åøø态 + 90Ā° ć¾ćŸćÆā€”90怂 恧恂悋怂
図 7恫态 図 6ć®ę•“ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćŒćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«å¤‰ę›ć•ć‚ŒćŸäø€ä¾‹ć‚’ē¤ŗ恙: 図 7恋 ć‚‰åˆ†ć‹ć‚‹ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ C PU力 slitUe-endianåƾåæœć®å “åˆć€ ę•“ę•°ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ćƒć‚¤ 惈順åŗ ćÆ态 通åøøć®ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖäøŠćØäøŠčØ˜ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰äøŠćØ恧逆恫ćŖ悋 äøŠčæ°ć®å®Ÿę–½ä¾‹ć®čŖ¬ę˜Žć§ćÆ态 č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ć‚’ćƒ¢ćƒ‹ć‚æč£…ē½®ćØ恗态 ć“ć®ćƒ¢ćƒ‹ć‚æč£…ē½®ć«ćƒ¬ć‚¤ ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆč”Øē¤ŗć‚’č”Œć„å®Ÿéš›ć«ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ åœć•ć‚Œć‚‹äø”像ē­‰ć‚’čŖč­˜ć—ćŖ恌悉äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“悒 č”Œć†ć“ćØćØ恗恟怂 ć“ć®ä»£ć‚ć‚Šć«ć€ 十-čؘč”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ćØć—ć¦å°åž‹ć®ę¶²ę™¶č”Øē¤ŗéƒØ悒čØ­ć‘ć€ ć“ć‚Œć«äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®ćæ悒č”Øē¤ŗć—ć¦č©²äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“ē­‰ć‚’č”Œć†ć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ć‚‚ć‚ˆć„ć€‚ 恓 ć‚Œć«ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ äøŠčؘč”Øē¤ŗéƒØ 8ć‚’å°åž‹åŒ–ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋恓ćØ恋悉态 ęœ¬ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ć‚’ 小型äø”ć¤ć•ć‚‰ć«å®‰ä¾”ć«å½¢ęˆć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«äæ‚ć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 惗惭惃ć‚æč£…ē½®ä»„å¤–ć§ć‚‚ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚£ćƒ³ć‚°ę–¹å¼ć‚’ęŽ”ē”Ø ć™ć‚‹ę©Ÿå™Øć§ć‚ć‚Œć°ä»»ę„ć®ć‚‚ć®ć«é©ē”ØåÆčƒ½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć€‚ 恓恮他态 ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«äæ‚悋ꊀ蔓ēš„ę€ ęƒ³ć‚’é€ø脱恗ćŖ恄ēÆ„å›²ć§ć‚ć‚Œć°ēØ®ć€…ć®å¤‰ę›“ć‚«åÆčƒ½ć§ć‚ć‚‹ć“ćØćÆå‹æ論恧恂悋怂
ęœ¬ē™ŗę˜Žć«äæ‚ć‚‹ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćÆ态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‡ć‚£ćƒ³ć‚°ę–¹å¼ć‚’ęŽ”ē”Øć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ćŸć‚å¤§čØ˜ę†¶å®¹ é‡ć®ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ悒čØ­ć‘ć‚‹ć“ćØćŖćå…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧 恍悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ ē¢ŗå®šå‰ć®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ¬å±®é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć—恦čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć«ę ¼ ē“ć—ć¦ćŠćć‚ˆć†ć«ć—ć¦ć„ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć€ 大čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć®å…„åŠ›ćƒćƒƒćƒ•ć‚”ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ悒čØ­ć‘ć‚‹ć“ćØ ćŖ恏惗惭惃 ćƒˆå‰ć«äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ē­‰ć‚’å¤‰ę›“恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 恓恮 悁äøŠčؘ各ēØ®ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ 恮čØ˜ę†¶å®¹é‡ć®å‰Šęø›ć‚’é€šć˜ć¦ęœ¬ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć®ćƒ­ćƒ¼ć‚³ć‚¹ćƒˆåŒ–ć‚’å›³ć‚‹ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć¾ćŸć€ äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®å¤‰ę›“ćÆćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åÆ¾ć—ć¦č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋恟悁态 惖 惭惃 惈ļ¼Œ ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚”ć‚„ćƒˆć®éš›ć®ä»®ęƒ³ēš„ćŖē”Øē“™ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ悒äŗˆć‚å¤§ćć‚ć«čØ­å®šć—ć¦ćŠćć“ćØ 恧态 å®Ÿéš›ć«ć‚»ćƒƒ 惈恕悌悋ē”Øē“™ć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗ力äŗ‹å‰ć«ć‚ć‹ć‚‰ćŖć„å “åˆć§ć‚‚å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æć®č§£ęžć‚’åÆčƒ½ćØ恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋怂
恕悉恫态 ä¾‹ćˆć°ćƒ¬ć‚¤ć‚¢ć‚¦ćƒˆę™‚ ļ¼ˆē‰¹ć«ć€ ćƒ­ćƒ¼ćƒ«ē“™ć‚’ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒ 惈ē”Øē“™ćØ恗恦ä½æē”Ø恙悋 堓合ļ¼‰ 悄态 ć‚«ćƒƒ ćƒˆć‚·ćƒ¼ćƒˆćƒ•ć‚£ćƒ¼ćƒ€ä½æē”ØꙂē­‰ć®ć‚ˆć†ć«ć€ 連ē¶šć—ć¦ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æć‚« sä¼é€ć•ć‚Œ ć¦ćć‚‹åÆčƒ½ę€§ćŒé«˜ć„å “åˆć«ć€ å®Ÿéš›ć«ć‚»ćƒƒ åœć•ć‚Œć‚‹ē”Øē“™ć®ć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćŒå¤‰ę›“ć•ć‚ŒćŸå “åˆ 恧悂态 C P Uć®å‡¦ē†ć«ä½™č£•ćŒć‚ć‚‹ćØćć«ćƒ—ćƒ¬äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć«åŸŗ恄恄恦äŗ‹å‰ć«å…„力ē”» åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®č§£ęžć‚’č”Œć†ć“ćØ恌恧恍悋怂 ć“ć®ćŸć‚ć€ C P Uć‚’ęœ‰åŠ¹ć«åˆ©ē”Ø恙悋恓ćØ力' 恧恍悋怂 ē”£ę„­äøŠć®åˆ©ē”ØåÆčƒ½ę€§
ęœ¬ē™ŗ꘎ćÆ态 ę‰€å®šå˜ä½é ˜åŸŸęÆŽć«ć¹ć‚Æ ćƒˆćƒ«ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć—ć¦å°å­—ć‚’ č”Œć†ćƒ—ćƒ­ćƒƒć‚æč£…ē½®ļ¼Œ 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æč£…ē½®ē­‰ć®čØ­čØˆć€ č£½é€ ć«åˆ©ē”Ø恙悋恓ćØ恌恧恍悋 c

Claims

č«‹ 걂 恮 ēƄ 囲
1态 ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ä½ć«ē”»åƒć®å½¢ęˆć‚’č”Œć†ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć§ć‚ć£ć¦ć€
ē”»åƒć‚’ę§‹ęˆć™ć‚‹ć¹ć‚Æć‚æē¾¤ć®å„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮ē«Æē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØč©²ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æć®å„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ ęƒ…å ±ćØ恋悉ćŖ悋ē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ ćƒˆć®å…„åŠ›ē”»åƒćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ悒态 前čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ… å ±ć‚’å‰čؘē«Æē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćØćÆē‹¬ē«‹ć«äæęŒć™ć‚‹ćØå…±ć«å‰čؘē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ 惞惄 惈恫ęÆ”ć¹ć¦ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æé‡ćŒä½Žęø›ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫 å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆå¤‰ę›ę‰‹ę®µćØ态
č©²ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆå¤‰ę›ę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå¾—ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”» åƒćƒ‡ā€”ć‚æ恮å…Øä½“ć‚’ę ¼ē“ć™ć‚‹čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µćØ态
前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗ恄恄恦态 前čØ˜ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ä½ć«ć€ 前čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’åę˜ ć•ć›ćŸå„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗ郭悒꧋ꈐ恙悋åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恋悉ćŖ悋äø­ å•ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µćØ态
č©²äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šå¾—ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ć€ 前čØ˜ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰å˜ä½ć«ć€ åƾåæœ ć™ć‚‹ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å¤‰ę›ć™ć‚‹ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µćØ态
ć‚’å‚™ćˆćŸē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
2态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ ćƒˆć«ćŠć„ć¦ć€ ē›“åˆ—ć«é€£ēµć—ćŸćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æē¾¤ćÆ态 恓悌 ć‚‰ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮ē«Æē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧č”Ø悏恗态 恋恤态 å…ˆé ­ć®ćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æć®å§‹ē‚¹ć®ćæēµ¶åƾåŗ§ ęØ™ć§č”Øć‚ć—ä»–ć®ē«Æē‚¹ćÆē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć§č”Ø悏恙恓ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ 恮ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
3态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ā€”ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ā€”ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆåÆå¤‰é•·ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧恂悊态 各åŗ§ęؙ ē‚¹ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć€ ćć®ē›“å‰ć«ć€ č©²åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æé•·ćŠć‚ˆć³ēµ¶åƾåŗ§ęؙ Zē›øåƾåŗ§ęØ™ć®ēØ®åˆ„ć‚’č­˜åˆ„ć™ć‚‹ćŸć‚ć®äŗˆć‚å®šć‚ć‚‰ć‚ŒćŸå›ŗå®šé•·ć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚«?ä»˜åŠ ć• 悌悋恓ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 2項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½® c
4态 åŒć˜ēØ®åˆ„ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ力 s連ē¶šć™ć‚‹å “åˆć€ 2ē•Ŗē›®ä»„é™ć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫恤恄恦ćÆ 前čØ˜ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ悒ēœē•„恙悋恓ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 3項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£… ē½®ć€‚
5态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ ćƒˆć«ćŠć„ć¦ć€ 前čؘåŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØ前čØ˜ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ćØćÆ态 äŗˆć‚å®šć‚ćŸč¤‡ę•°ćƒ“ćƒƒ ćƒˆć®å˜ä½ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å…ˆé ­ćƒ“ćƒƒ åœć®å€¤ć«ć‚ˆć‚ŠåŒŗåˆ„ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć“ ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 3項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
6态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆć«ćŠć„ć¦ć€ 前čؘ各ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćÆå›ŗå®šé•·ć®ćƒšćƒ³ åŽ²ę€§ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æć‚’å«ćæ态 č©²ćƒšćƒ³åŽ²ę€§ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恮ē›“å‰ć«ć‚‚č­˜åˆ„ē”Ø恮å›ŗå®šé•·ć®ęŒ‡ęØ™ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æ恌 ä»˜åŠ ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć“ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 3項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
7态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ ćƒˆć«ćŠć„ć¦ć€ 前čØ˜ćƒšćƒ³å±žę€§ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćÆ态 前čؘ各ēØ® äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ćŒå¤‰åŒ–ć—ćŸćƒ™ć‚Æć‚æ恮åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åÆ¾ć—ć¦ć®ćæä»˜åŠ ć•ć‚Œć‚‹ć“ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙 悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 6項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
8态 前čؘē¬¬ 1ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ę§‹ęˆć™ć‚‹ę•°å€¤ćÆę–‡å­—ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恧 č”Øć‚ć•ć‚Œć‚‹č«‹ę±‚ć®ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
9态 前čؘäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ćÆ态 å„ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ć«ć¤ć„ć¦ć€ ćƒćƒ³ 惉ē•Ŗ号ćØ态 č©²ćƒćƒ³ćƒ‰ć«å«ć¾ć‚Œć‚‹ å„ć¹ć‚Æć‚æ恮č¼Ŗéƒ­ć®ę°“å¹³ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆć®å€‹ę•°ćØ态 å„ć‚»ć‚°ćƒ”ćƒ³ćƒˆć®åŗ§ęØ™ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćØć«ć‚ˆć‚Š ꧋ꈐ恕悌悋恓ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
1 0态 前čؘäø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ē”Ÿęˆę‰‹ę®µćÆ态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ 恫åŸŗ恄恄恦äø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć®ęŒ‡ē¤ŗć«å¾“ć„ć€ 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ ćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć®å„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚ˆć‚Šć€ ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć® ę–¹ć‚’å„Ŗå…ˆć—ć¦ē”Øć„ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’å‚™ćˆć‚‹ć“ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒ 処ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
1 1态 前čؘčØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć«čØ˜ę†¶ć•ć‚Œć¦ć„ć‚‹å‰čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ ć‚æ恫čؘčæ°ć•ć‚ŒćŸå„ēØ®äæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć®ć†ć”ćƒ¦ćƒ¼ć‚¶ć«ć‚ˆć‚ŠęŒ‡å®šć•ć‚ŒćŸäæ®é£¾ęƒ…å ±ć‚’å¤‰ę›“恙悋 ę‰‹ę®µć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
1 2态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©äø€ćƒžćƒ„ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗć„ć„ć¦å‰čؘäø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ē”Ÿ ęˆę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ č¤‡ę•°å€‹ć®ē”»åƒć‚’ē”Øē“™äøŠć«é…ē½®ć™ć‚‹ä½ē½® ć‚„å‘ćć‚’ę±ŗå®šć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’ęœ‰ć™ć‚‹ć“ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦
1 3态 前čØ˜ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ ćƒˆå¤‰ę›ę‰‹ę®µćÆ态 前čؘ兄力ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗ恄恄恦态 当 č©²å…„åŠ›å…©åƒć®ć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗ悒ꤜå‡ŗ恗恦态 č©²ę¤œå‡ŗ恕悌恟ē”»åƒć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗ悒č”Ø悏恙ē”»åƒć‚µć‚£ć‚ŗ ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å‰čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒ„ åœć®ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æå†…ć«å«ć‚ć€ 前čؘ位ē½®ć‚„å‘ć 悒ę±ŗå®šć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µćÆ态 å½“č©²ē”»åƒć‚µć‚¤ć‚ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’å‚ē…§ć—ć¦å‰čؘ位ē½®ć‚„å‘ćć‚’ę±ŗå®šć™ć‚‹ 恓ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ć€— 2項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
1 4态 前čؘē¬¬ 2ć®ćƒ‡äø€ć‚æćƒ•ć‚©ćƒ¼ćƒžćƒƒ 惈恮ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ恫åŸŗć„ć„ć¦å‰čؘäø­é–“ć‚³äø€ćƒ‰ē”Ÿ ęˆę‰‹ę®µć«ć‚ˆć‚Šäø­é–“ć‚³ćƒ¼ćƒ‰ć‚’ē”Ÿęˆć™ć‚‹éš›ć«ć€ ē”»åƒć‚’ę‹”å¤§ć¾ćŸćÆēø®å°ć™ć‚‹ę‰‹ę®µć‚’ęœ‰ć™ 悋恓ćØ悒ē‰¹å¾“ćØ恙悋請걂恮ēƄ囲ē¬¬ 1項čØ˜č¼‰ć®ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€‚
PCT/JP1997/000648 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 Processeur d'images WO1997033219A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/142,264 US6266455B1 (en) 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 Image processor
JP53165797A JP3527249B2 (ja) 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®
EP97903653A EP0919909B1 (en) 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 Image processor
DE69737717T DE69737717T2 (de) 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 Bildprozessor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4647596 1996-03-04
JP8/46475 1996-03-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997033219A1 true WO1997033219A1 (fr) 1997-09-12

Family

ID=12748228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1997/000648 WO1997033219A1 (fr) 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 Processeur d'images

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6266455B1 (ja)
EP (1) EP0919909B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3527249B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE69737717T2 (ja)
WO (1) WO1997033219A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005262624A (ja) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-29 Ricoh Co Ltd ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćŠć‚ˆć³ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†ę–¹ę³•ć€äø¦ć³ć«ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†ę–¹ę³•ć‚’ć‚³ćƒ³ćƒ”ćƒ„ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å®Ÿč”Œć•ć›ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ ć‚’čØ˜éŒ²ć—ćŸć‚³ćƒ³ćƒ”ćƒ„ćƒ¼ć‚æčŖ­ćæå–ć‚ŠåÆčƒ½ćŖčؘ録åŖ’体

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6765687B2 (en) * 1998-09-10 2004-07-20 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image processing method and apparatus
AUPQ289099A0 (en) * 1999-09-16 1999-10-07 Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for manipulating a bayer image
US6903839B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2005-06-07 Imagex, Inc. Apparatus for washing of graphic image files
US6633890B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-10-14 Timothy A. Laverty Method for washing of graphic image files
WO2001018690A2 (en) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-15 Imagex.Com, Inc Method and apparatus for normalization of image files and load balancing of operations
JP4227263B2 (ja) * 1999-10-12 2009-02-18 ć‚­ćƒ¤ćƒŽćƒ³ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ć€ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†ę–¹ę³•ć€åŠć³ć€čØ˜ę†¶åŖ’体
US6429947B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2002-08-06 Imagex, Inc. Automated, hosted prepress application
US6771384B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2004-08-03 Kinko's Washington, Inc. Imposition of graphic image files
US20020191206A1 (en) * 2001-06-18 2002-12-19 Anderson Jeff M. Rendering broker service and method
JP4158374B2 (ja) * 2001-11-19 2008-10-01 ćƒ–ćƒ©ć‚¶ćƒ¼å·„ę„­ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ ē”»åƒå½¢ęˆč£…ē½®ćŠć‚ˆć³ćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ 
JP4413036B2 (ja) * 2004-02-25 2010-02-10 ę–°å…‰é›»ę°—å·„ę„­ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ ꏏē”»č£…ē½®ć€ęē”»ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æē”Ÿęˆč£…ē½®ć€ęē”»ę–¹ę³•ć€ćŠć‚ˆć³ęē”»ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æē”Ÿęˆę–¹ę³•
JP4766657B2 (ja) 2005-05-02 2011-09-07 ć‚­ćƒ¤ćƒŽćƒ³ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®åŠć³ćć®åˆ¶å¾”ę–¹ę³•ć€ćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ 
US8665482B2 (en) * 2007-03-01 2014-03-04 Konica Minolta Laboratory U.S.A., Inc. Raster image processor using a self-tuning banding mode
US7982749B2 (en) * 2008-01-31 2011-07-19 Microsoft Corporation Server-based rasterization of vector graphics
US8554773B2 (en) * 2008-09-08 2013-10-08 Mobile Imaging In Sweden Ab Method for indexing images and for reading an index of an image
US8452005B2 (en) * 2009-11-30 2013-05-28 Red Hat, Inc. Unicode-compatible encipherment
US20220266614A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2022-08-25 David Wachs Mechanical handwriting barcode apparatus and method of use thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01217621A (ja) * 1988-02-26 1989-08-31 Nec Corp 作ē”»ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æå¤‰ę›č£…ē½®
JPH0524301A (ja) * 1991-07-24 1993-02-02 Ricoh Co Ltd 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æ恮č‡Ŗ動ē”Øē“™éøęŠžę–¹ę³•
JPH06171160A (ja) * 1992-12-08 1994-06-21 Seiko Epson Corp å°åˆ·ęƒ…å ±å‡¦ē†č£…ē½®

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4254467A (en) * 1979-06-04 1981-03-03 Xerox Corporation Vector to raster processor
US4458330A (en) * 1981-05-13 1984-07-03 Intergraph Corporation Banded vector to raster converter
JPH01277055A (ja) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-07 Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd å¤šå€¤ęē”»ć®ćŸć‚ć®ćƒ©ć‚¹ć‚æćƒ¼ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æē”Ÿęˆę–¹ę³•
US5028848A (en) * 1988-06-27 1991-07-02 Hewlett-Packard Company Tile vector to raster conversion method
JP2755308B2 (ja) * 1988-08-31 1998-05-20 ć‚­ćƒ¤ćƒŽćƒ³ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ å‡ŗåŠ›ę–¹ę³•åŠć³ćć®č£…ē½®
US5164711A (en) * 1990-02-08 1992-11-17 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for generating graphical output
US5396582A (en) * 1991-02-06 1995-03-07 Hewlett-Packard Company Raster to vector conversion system and method therefor
US5680521A (en) * 1992-06-15 1997-10-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Printing method and apparatus
JP3582675B2 (ja) * 1994-10-28 2004-10-27 ć‚»ć‚¤ć‚³ćƒ¼ć‚Øćƒ—ć‚½ćƒ³ę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ ē”»åƒćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æć‚’ćƒ”ćƒ¢ćƒŖ恫蓄ē©ć™ć‚‹č£…ē½®åŠć³ę–¹ę³•

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01217621A (ja) * 1988-02-26 1989-08-31 Nec Corp 作ē”»ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æå¤‰ę›č£…ē½®
JPH0524301A (ja) * 1991-07-24 1993-02-02 Ricoh Co Ltd 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æ恮č‡Ŗ動ē”Øē“™éøęŠžę–¹ę³•
JPH06171160A (ja) * 1992-12-08 1994-06-21 Seiko Epson Corp å°åˆ·ęƒ…å ±å‡¦ē†č£…ē½®

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0919909A4 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005262624A (ja) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-29 Ricoh Co Ltd ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®ćŠć‚ˆć³ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†ę–¹ę³•ć€äø¦ć³ć«ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†ę–¹ę³•ć‚’ć‚³ćƒ³ćƒ”ćƒ„ćƒ¼ć‚æć«å®Ÿč”Œć•ć›ć‚‹ćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ ć‚’čØ˜éŒ²ć—ćŸć‚³ćƒ³ćƒ”ćƒ„ćƒ¼ć‚æčŖ­ćæå–ć‚ŠåÆčƒ½ćŖčؘ録åŖ’体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0919909B1 (en) 2007-05-09
DE69737717T2 (de) 2008-01-10
EP0919909A4 (en) 2002-09-11
EP0919909A1 (en) 1999-06-02
US6266455B1 (en) 2001-07-24
DE69737717D1 (de) 2007-06-21
JP3527249B2 (ja) 2004-05-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3527249B2 (ja) ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®
US5740335A (en) Method and device for transmitting and processing print data used for printer
JP2790285B2 (ja) ćƒ•ćƒ«ćƒ»ćƒšćƒ¼ć‚øćƒ»ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ•ć‚£ćƒƒć‚Æć‚¹ē”»åƒč”Øē¤ŗćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ圧ēø®ę–¹ę³•ćŠć‚ˆć³č£…ē½®
JPH0751371B2 (ja) ćƒšćƒ¼ć‚øćƒ»ćƒ—ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æ
US6734986B1 (en) Print control apparatus, print data generating apparatus, print control method, print data generating method, and storage medium
US8274719B2 (en) Printing system, print preview method, and preview method using a printer driver
EP1187059B1 (en) Method and apparatus for printing computer generated images
JPH08286860A (ja) å‡ŗåŠ›åˆ¶å¾”ę–¹ę³•åŠć³ćć®č£…ē½®ćØćć®ć‚³ćƒ³ćƒ”ćƒ„ćƒ¼ć‚æćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ č£½å“
KR100477777B1 (ko) ėž˜ģŠ¤ķ„° ģ˜¤ėøŒģ ķŠøė„¼ ģƒģ„±ķ•˜źø° ģœ„ķ•œ ė°©ė²•, ģ‹œģŠ¤ķ…œ, ģ •ė³“ģ €ģž„ ė§¤ģ²“, ė° ģ»“ķ“Øķ„° ķŒė…ź°€ėŠ„ ė§¤ģ²“
JPH0832471B2 (ja) å‡ŗåŠ›ę–¹ę³•
JP2001219601A (ja) å°åˆ·åˆ¶å¾”č£…ē½®ćŠć‚ˆć³å°åˆ·åˆ¶å¾”č£…ē½®ć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹ćƒ‡ćƒ¼ć‚æ処ē†ę–¹ę³•
USRE40328E1 (en) Document processing with flexible resolution and output style
JP3450961B2 (ja) å°åˆ·č£…ē½®åŠć³ćć®åˆ¶å¾”ę–¹ę³•
JPH0330977A (ja) ćƒšćƒ¼ć‚ø惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æć«ćŠć‘ć‚‹å°å­—åŸŗęŗ–位ē½®čØ­å®šę–¹ę³•
JP2000207147A (ja) å°åˆ·ćƒ‡ā€•ć‚æč»¢é€ć‚·ć‚¹ćƒ†ćƒ 
JP3051496B2 (ja) ꖇę›ø処ē†ę–¹ę³•åŠć³ćć®č£…ē½®
JP2711860B2 (ja) å‡ŗåŠ›åˆ¶å¾”ę–¹ę³•ćŠć‚ˆć³ćć®č£…ē½®
JPH09188011A (ja) čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć®ē®”ē†č£…ē½®åŠć³čØ˜ę†¶ę‰‹ę®µć®ē®”ē†ę–¹ę³•
JP3450958B2 (ja) å°åˆ·č£…ē½®åŠć³å°åˆ·ę–¹ę³•
JPH01281963A (ja) ꖇę›ø処ē†č£…ē½®
JP2784823B2 (ja) 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æ恮ē”»åƒē·Øé›†å°å­—ę–¹å¼
JPH05274095A (ja) 惗ćƒŖćƒ³ć‚æåˆ¶å¾”č£…ē½®
JP2002326403A (ja) ē”»åƒå½¢ęˆč£…ē½®ć€ē”»åƒå½¢ęˆę–¹ę³•åŠć³ē”»åƒå½¢ęˆćƒ—ćƒ­ć‚°ćƒ©ćƒ 
JPH03112668A (ja) å°åˆ·č£…ē½®
JPH05205015A (ja) ē”»åƒå‡¦ē†č£…ē½®

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 09142264

Country of ref document: US

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1997903653

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1997903653

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1997903653

Country of ref document: EP