WO1997029268A1 - Dispositif pour fermer de maniere fiable une ouverture pratiquee dans une structure de protection - Google Patents

Dispositif pour fermer de maniere fiable une ouverture pratiquee dans une structure de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997029268A1
WO1997029268A1 PCT/CH1997/000017 CH9700017W WO9729268A1 WO 1997029268 A1 WO1997029268 A1 WO 1997029268A1 CH 9700017 W CH9700017 W CH 9700017W WO 9729268 A1 WO9729268 A1 WO 9729268A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gate
elasto
closure element
goal
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1997/000017
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Heierli
Original Assignee
Heierli & Co. Patentverwertungsgesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heierli & Co. Patentverwertungsgesellschaft filed Critical Heierli & Co. Patentverwertungsgesellschaft
Priority to EP97900188A priority Critical patent/EP0879338A1/fr
Publication of WO1997029268A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997029268A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for securely closing an opening in a protective structure, which is potentially loaded by short-term loads occurring within a few milliseconds or suddenly increasing, in particular caused by explosions, with load peaks of up to several hundred bar, with one in front of the opening movable closure element.
  • the door bodies would have to be made much more stable and therefore thicker and stiffer; This would make their essential natural oscillation times very short and their plasticity correspondingly short. Even brief load peaks would cause high stresses on the goal body and goal frame. This would be the case in particular when subjected to shear stress, where plasticization before breakage usually only occurs to a very small extent. At most, this could still be managed for relatively small light masses and for people passing through. For larger masses of light, which can also be passed by vehicles, in particular large trucks, the door body masses would be so large that they would no longer be economically feasible and would also hardly be operable. For these reasons, complex additional measures have already been provided, such as additional tunnel sections or baffles before the end.
  • the block device is known as the only reasonably inexpensive solution, cf. for example "Underground Ammunition Storage, Model Test to Investigate the Strength and Effectiveness of a Selfclosing Concrete Block", Norwegian De- fence Construction Service, Oslo, Norway, March 1974, with further evidence.
  • This is a device which was specially developed for the safety of the surroundings of underground ammunition stores.
  • the block acts as an automatic locking mechanism.
  • the block essentially consists of a wedge-shaped reinforced concrete block which is placed in the interior of the storage chamber, in front of the exit, but with sufficient clearance for transport vehicles. The accident-related internal pressure then throws it into the opposite exit opening like a wedge and closes it.
  • the block device provides no protection against the effects from the opposite side and also no protection against unintentional authorized access, unless additional, elaborate closing organs are ordered.
  • Block devices can generally only be used once, since the block jams in its end position in the event of an explosion and can only be broken open with great effort and hardly ever in a non-destructive manner.
  • block devices alone cannot be used to implement an underground ammunition storage complex with several chambers. Even if each chamber is protected by its own block device, there is a risk that an explosion in one of the chambers will cause the others to go up.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a device as specified in claim 1.
  • the device according to the invention is accordingly characterized in that the closure element is elasto-plastically supported in or in front of the opening relative to support zones of the protective structure and that the elasto-plastic support enables a deformation path of at least 50 mm.
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention are characterized in the dependent claims.
  • the impact of the high, short-term loads is decisively reduced (up to an order of magnitude) by the elasto-plastic support, so that - compared to previous solutions with rigid supports - a technically and economically much better solution is created.
  • gate constructions with gate bodies and gate frames can be used as the closure elements, which have gate thicknesses and support dimensions that are within a reasonable range from the point of view of costs and operation.
  • the present invention also enables economical and technically convincing, reliable solutions where the feasibility of a closure was in question at all with the rigid bearings used hitherto.
  • the elasto-plastic mounting of the closure element has the further advantage that the impact surcharge, which can be up to 100% in the case of elastic systems and rapidly increasing loads, can be greatly reduced or almost completely eliminated.
  • the swinging back of the closure element (so-called rebound) and resonance effects directly after the load are much less thanks to the elastoplastic bearing.
  • the closure device according to the invention can be used to effectively protect a closure element, for example comprising a gate body and a gate frame, against excessive stresses, damage and corresponding deformations. This avoids that the closure can no longer be opened and closed after the explosion, since the unit consisting of the door body and frame remains unaffected. For the same reason it is possible to achieve a gas tightness of the closure and to maintain it even under a high load. There- can also provide protection against fire gases, fire heat, splinters and / or flying parts of all kinds.
  • discrete shock absorbers are preferably used, which have a pronounced, statically and dynamically predictable, testable, elongated flow plateau in the plastic range, in which the dynamic flow load changes only insignificantly.
  • the deformation path must be dimensioned sufficiently.
  • Terminations of the present type are primarily stressed by forces acting uniformly and perpendicular to the plane of the opening.
  • Non-uniformly acting forces or those that have a component parallel to the gate body plane can, however, cause e.g. Distributed, discrete elastoplastic shock absorbers deform unevenly and the closure element thereby moves into an angled position relative to the starting position.
  • Individual shock absorbers could also be overstressed as a result.
  • the closure element is therefore preferably, e.g. by means of a suitable slide bearing, installed and mounted in such a way that uneven and / or lateral deformations of the shock absorbers are avoided.
  • the invention also makes it possible to implement underground ammunition storage complexes with a plurality of ammunition chambers, since the individual ammunition chambers can always be completely sealed off from one another.
  • Shear keys can also be provided as an elastoplastic support.
  • Fig.l A horizontal section (A-A in Fig. 2) through a first embodiment of a protective construction closure according to the invention with a gas-tight swing gate.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section (B-B in FIG. 1) through the arrangement according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a horizontal section (C-C in FIG. 4) through an embodiment of a protective construction closure according to the invention, with a gas-tight sliding gate.
  • FIG. 4 shows a vertical section (D-D in FIG. 3) through the arrangement according to FIG. 3.
  • Fig.5 A detail of a sliding joint.
  • FIG. 6 shows a horizontal section (E-E in FIG. 7) through a simplified embodiment of a protective construction closure according to the invention, for a non-gas-tight sliding gate running on rollers.
  • FIG. 7 shows a vertical section (F-F in FIG. 6) through the arrangement according to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 shows a vertical section of a possible variant of FIG. 7 with regard to the arrangement of the elasto-plastic shock absorber and displacement guide.
  • Fig. 9 The characteristic form of a possible load diagram for the protective construction completion according to the invention.
  • Fig. 10 The characteristic form of a further possible load diagram, the so-called "step function" (very rapid load increase to a certain load level).
  • FIG. 11 shows the typical dynamic load-deformation behavior of an elasto-plastic shock absorber for the protective construction closure according to the invention.
  • FIG. 12 A variant of FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • a shear key 25 which can also be deformed elastically, is provided.
  • Fig. 1 shows a typical example of an extremely resilient and gas-tight swing gate.
  • the goal body 3 has the task of protecting the area 11 from the effects of a war-like or accident-related explosion or other mechanical violence in the area of origin 12, hereinafter also referred to as the load side.
  • the gate body 3 and the gate frame 2 are supported on the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1.
  • the latter are connected to the goal frame 2 and the supporting structure 10 (connections 4, 5) in such a way that the dynamic flow load P Fl ⁇ (FIG. 11) and also possible rebound forces can be transmitted.
  • connections 4, 5 connections 4, 5
  • a sliding joint 9 is provided between the goal frame 2 and the supporting structure. This enables unimpeded and cleanly guided displacement of the door frame 2 in the direction of loading and prevents jamming in the case of asymmetrical loads. It can be largely gas-tight and the prevent intrusion of air or gas pressure. A closure is (sufficiently) gas-tight if the internal pressure in the protective structure can be maintained in the order of 20 - 200 Pa.
  • the fastening of the gate body 3 to the gate frame 2 and the tightness between the gate body 3 and the gate frame 2 can be accomplished in the usual way, ie by means of hinges, gate lock and gate seal 8, because the gate body and the gate frame form a unit and therefore only very small Suffer shifts relative to each other.
  • the gate body 3 Since the gate body 3 is embedded in the gate frame 2 so that it cannot be pushed on all sides in the closed state, it is also resistant to side displacements in the case of forces parallel to the gate, e.g. consequently splintering effect, secured.
  • connections 4, 5 can also ensure gas tightness if necessary. In cases where neither the specific design of the elasto-plastic shock absorber 1 nor the sliding joint 9 guarantee gas tightness, a thick-walled sheet metal 7 can take over this function.
  • cover plates 24 can be provided on the load side 12 against the ingress of pressure surges into the sliding joint 9.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through the arrangement of FIG. 1, the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1 being arranged only laterally.
  • FIG. 2 A possible alternative to FIG. 2 is that the elastic shock absorbers 1 can also be arranged below and above, ie on all four sides, as shown in FIG. 4. Other options, such as arranging elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1 only below and above, on three sides or only at individual points would also be possible.
  • the gate body 3 shows an example of an extremely resilient and gas-tight sliding gate closure.
  • the gate body 3 is laterally displaceable in a goal slot 21, a floor channel 22 (FIG. 4) or rollers arranged there serving as a guide.
  • the gate body 3 and the gate frame 2 are supported as a unit on the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1.
  • the gate body 3 is secured against rebound forces by a pressing device 13 and at the same time pressed against the gate seal 8.
  • a dilatation joint 14 is provided on the loading side 12.
  • a circumferential sliding joint 9 ensures that the gate body 3 and the gate frame 2 can move freely and cleanly against the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of Fig. 3 in vertical section.
  • the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1 are also arranged above and below, i.e. on all four sides. Alternatives as shown in Fig. 2 are also possible here.
  • the pressing device 13 and the door body 3 are to be designed for the corresponding forces on the predominantly rigid system.
  • shock absorbers 1 can also be arranged in the dilatation joint 14 in this case, if this is necessary and economical, at most in the form of foam intermediate layers 18. This creates a seal that optionally selects the area 11 before an event in the area 12 protects or area 12 from an event in area 11.
  • cover plates 24 are additionally provided against lateral pressure surges.
  • the engagement dimension d, of the goal body 3 in the goal frame 2 is greater than the clearance d ⁇ of the goal body 3 in the goal frame 2 required for the displacement.
  • FIG. 5 shows a possible embodiment of the sliding joint 9. It is important that the sliding surfaces have sufficient planarity so that clean guidance is ensured and the door frame cannot get stuck in the sliding joints. This can be achieved, for example, with appropriately stiffened steel sheets 19.
  • a sliding layer 20 e.g. made of graphite or fat between the sheets 19 reduces the sliding resistance to a required level.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example of an extremely heavy-duty closure for cases in which no gas tightness is required.
  • a roller door 3 running on rollers 23 is provided here.
  • Figure 6 shows the gate body 3 in the closed state.
  • the elastic shock absorbers 1 are fastened in the lateral, vertical torn slots 21.
  • the small gap 15 between the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1 and the door body 3 is kept to a minimum, so that the expected installation and operating tolerances can just be maintained.
  • a possible alternative for the arrangement of the elastoplastic shock absorbers 1 is that the latter are attached to the gate body 3 instead of to the torn niches 21.
  • shock absorbers 17 can be provided, as indicated in FIG. 6. If necessary, they also serve to absorb rebound forces.
  • the closure could also be constructed completely symmetrically with respect to the areas 11 and 12 using additional elastic shock absorbers 1. This also applies in the same way to other of the embodiments shown in the figures.
  • closures or locks of the door body which lock the door in the closed state.
  • These can also be made elastoplastic, so that they are suitably protected from the shock generated by the explosion effect.
  • FIG. 8 shows the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1 arranged above and below.
  • This type of arrangement is advantageous where the height of the gate body is substantially smaller than its width and where at the same time a coverable gutter 22 does not cause any operational difficulties.
  • the arrangement of the elasto-plastic shock absorbers 1 on all four sides, ie on both sides and below and above, can prove to be economical.
  • FIG. 9 shows a typical load diagram m P / t, which essentially consists of a short-term (up to ts, a few ms) and extremely high load peak with a peak pressure Ps (up to several hundred bar) and a subsequent, longer (up to tg, some 100 ms) lasting load Pg, at a much lower level (up to several 10 bar).
  • Ps peak pressure
  • Pg peak pressure
  • the elasto-plastic shock absorbers counter this problem in an optimal way.
  • the extreme load peak (Ps, ts) accelerates the (softly mounted) door frame and / or the door leaf with the mass m in the direction of load to the speed v.
  • the kinetic energy mv 2/2 is absorbed by the elastoplastic shock absorbers and converted into deformation work P n # dyn * ⁇ and then into heat, P pl ⁇ dyn denoting the dynamic flow load and 6 the deformation path of the shock absorbers.
  • These, as well as the gate body can be dimensioned so that with their dynamic flow load they can absorb the smaller, quasi-static load (Pg, tg) without large deformations.
  • the shear and bending stresses of the door body (and door frame) are reliably limited.
  • the contact forces can never be greater than the sum of the flow loads of the shock absorbers - always provided that shock absorbers with a sufficient deformation path (FIG. 11) have been selected.
  • the advantage of the termination system according to the invention is that these impact surcharges can be reduced or avoided entirely. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the impact surcharge can be reduced to 10% by setting the shock absorber flow load P Fljdyn to 1.1 Pmax.
  • FIG. 11 shows the typical dynamic load-deformation behavior of an elasto-plastic shock absorber as used in the termination system according to the invention. It is important to note that the same has a pronounced, testable, elongated flow plateau, which can also be predetermined for a high degree of flexibility, and that the dynamic flow load P fl changes only insignificantly in the plastic deformation range. This ensures a reliable prediction of the behavior of the termination system under the computational load. Of course, it must be ensured that the plastic deformation path ⁇ max is sufficient. This can easily be up to several 100 mm and, for example, be designed for up to 500 mm. If this is not the case, the door is hard-bearing when the shock absorbers break through; it can then take up limited additional loads until its load capacity is exhausted.
  • FIG. 12 finally shows a variant of FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • a shear key 25 that is also elasto-plastically deformable is provided.
  • the push plate 25 is embedded in the door body 3 on the one hand and runs in a guide trough 26 on the other hand. A corresponding arrangement is also present at the top.
  • the push plate can be a steel plate with a thickness of one to a few centimeters.
  • the space 16 between the gate body 3 and the structure 10 must be at least approximately twice the thickness of the thrust plate Reach 25.
  • the guide trough 26 must be approximately twice as wide as the thickness of the thrust plate 25. In the event of a load, plastic deformation paths between 50 and 100 mm (or more) can be realized (see dotted representation of the deformed protective plate).

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif servant à fermer des ouvertures pratiquées dans des structures de protection soumises à l'action de charges dynamiques à pointes de charge élevées de courte durée et/ou à montée de charge extrêmement rapide. De manière similaire, ce dispositif s'utilise pour fermer des espaces dans lesquels des explosions ou d'autres effets mécaniques brusques peuvent intervenir, ainsi que pour assurer un confinement fiable des effets et des effets secondaires de telles manifestations. Dans ce dispositif, l'élément de fermeture (2, 3) qui ferme l'ouverture est soutenu à l'aide d'amortisseurs de chocs (1) élastoplastiques par rapport aux zones d'appui de la structure de protection (10). Il est prévu de préférence des supports ou des guides (9) en vue de l'éventuel déplacement de l'élément de fermeture à prendre en compte en cas de sollicitation. Cette structure peut se présenter sous forme de porte repliable, de porte à glissières ou de porte à coulisse, et être éventuellement étanche aux gaz. Cette structure peut également agir dans des sens de sollicitation opposés. Les dispositifs de verrouillage et les dégagements entre le corps et l'encadrement de la porte permettent en outre à l'élément de fermeture d'être protégé contre les effets d'un choc intervenant suite à une explosion ou en cas de tremblement de terre ou similaire.
PCT/CH1997/000017 1996-02-05 1997-01-21 Dispositif pour fermer de maniere fiable une ouverture pratiquee dans une structure de protection WO1997029268A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97900188A EP0879338A1 (fr) 1996-02-05 1997-01-21 Dispositif pour fermer de maniere fiable une ouverture pratiquee dans une structure de protection

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH289/96 1996-02-05
CH28996 1996-02-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997029268A1 true WO1997029268A1 (fr) 1997-08-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1997/000017 WO1997029268A1 (fr) 1996-02-05 1997-01-21 Dispositif pour fermer de maniere fiable une ouverture pratiquee dans une structure de protection

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EP (1) EP0879338A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997029268A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1361331A3 (fr) * 2002-05-08 2004-01-14 Sälzer Sicherheitstechnik GmbH Fermeture de bâtiment résistant aux explosions

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2604672A (en) * 1949-04-15 1952-07-29 Mesnager Jacques Recoiling closure for shelters against heavy explosions
US3093098A (en) * 1961-11-24 1963-06-11 Morton M Rosenfeld Door structure for bomb shelter
DE1167695B (de) * 1961-12-02 1964-04-09 Aug Kloenne Fa Auf einer Rollbahn verschiebbarer Torfluegel
DE2747285A1 (de) * 1977-10-21 1979-04-26 Alfred Dietz Panzertuer als um angeln drehbare tuer, die auch als schiebetuer oder falltuer ausfuehrbar ist, insbesondere zum schutz von atomkraftwerken
CH623881A5 (en) * 1978-09-18 1981-06-30 Sommer Gebr Metallbau Stahlbau Explosion-proof resistance structural element
FR2592420A1 (fr) * 1985-12-27 1987-07-03 Frangolacci Roger Abri technique a parois composites blindees

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2604672A (en) * 1949-04-15 1952-07-29 Mesnager Jacques Recoiling closure for shelters against heavy explosions
US3093098A (en) * 1961-11-24 1963-06-11 Morton M Rosenfeld Door structure for bomb shelter
DE1167695B (de) * 1961-12-02 1964-04-09 Aug Kloenne Fa Auf einer Rollbahn verschiebbarer Torfluegel
DE2747285A1 (de) * 1977-10-21 1979-04-26 Alfred Dietz Panzertuer als um angeln drehbare tuer, die auch als schiebetuer oder falltuer ausfuehrbar ist, insbesondere zum schutz von atomkraftwerken
CH623881A5 (en) * 1978-09-18 1981-06-30 Sommer Gebr Metallbau Stahlbau Explosion-proof resistance structural element
FR2592420A1 (fr) * 1985-12-27 1987-07-03 Frangolacci Roger Abri technique a parois composites blindees

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1361331A3 (fr) * 2002-05-08 2004-01-14 Sälzer Sicherheitstechnik GmbH Fermeture de bâtiment résistant aux explosions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0879338A1 (fr) 1998-11-25

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