WO1997021615A1 - Procede et dispositif pour attacher des elements de couplage a des conteneurs et/ou pour detacher des elements de couplage de conteneurs - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour attacher des elements de couplage a des conteneurs et/ou pour detacher des elements de couplage de conteneurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997021615A1
WO1997021615A1 PCT/EP1996/005399 EP9605399W WO9721615A1 WO 1997021615 A1 WO1997021615 A1 WO 1997021615A1 EP 9605399 W EP9605399 W EP 9605399W WO 9721615 A1 WO9721615 A1 WO 9721615A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
coupling pieces
coupling
corner fittings
containers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/005399
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Wielenberg
Thomas Niemann
Michael Schwantzer
Original Assignee
Macgregor-Conver Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Macgregor-Conver Gmbh filed Critical Macgregor-Conver Gmbh
Publication of WO1997021615A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997021615A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/0006Coupling devices between containers, e.g. ISO-containers
    • B65D90/0013Twist lock
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00Large containers
    • B65D88/02Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B65D88/129Transporter frames for containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/0006Coupling devices between containers, e.g. ISO-containers
    • B65D90/0013Twist lock
    • B65D90/002Apparatus for manual or automatic installation/removal of twist-lock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device with which coupling pieces serving to connect stacked containers can be coupled to containers and / or uncoupled from conatins.
  • Containers are connected to one another during transport on ships by means of coupling pieces, which are referred to in technical jargon as "twistlocks".
  • coupling pieces which are referred to in technical jargon as "twistlocks”.
  • Four coupling pieces are arranged between two stacked containers. These connect the upper corner fittings of a lower container with the lower corner fittings of an upper container, in that two opposite, rotatable cross bolts of a locking bolt of each coupling piece engage positively in the adjacent, superimposed corner fittings of the containers to be connected.
  • semi-automatic coupling pieces are used. These coupling pieces are usually pre-locked manually under the lower corner fittings of a respective upper container.
  • the container with its coupling pieces pre-locked at its lower corner fittings, is placed on a (lower) container already on board the ship, the locking bolts being automatically rotated by prestressed springs in such a way that the locking bolts are also positively connected to the lower cross bolts the upper corner fittings of the (lower) container is brought about.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify and make the coupling of the coupling pieces to the lower corner fittings of containers and / or the uncoupling of the coupling pieces necessary for pre-locking and to make them less dangerous.
  • the method of claim 1 has a method for solving this problem. Accordingly, all coupling pieces are coupled to the lower corner fittings of the container to be connected to a container already on board the ship by briefly placing at least this container on an auxiliary device which is preferably located on land. This auxiliary device simultaneously holds all four coupling pieces required in each case corresponding relative position ready. When the container is placed on the coupling pieces provided on the auxiliary device, the coupling pieces are automatically coupled to the container placed on the auxiliary device, which results in the coupling pieces being pre-locked on the lower corner fittings of the container.
  • the auxiliary device is provided with different adapters. Different adapters are used for coupling the coupling pieces to the lower corner fittings of the respective container than for uncoupling the coupling pieces from the lower corner fittings.
  • adapters are used, from which the coupling pieces pre-locked on the lower corner fittings with transverse lower crossbars can be pulled out.
  • adapters are used which, when the container is placed with the coupling pieces still pre-locked underneath, turn the locking bolts in such a way that the positive connection of their upper crossbars to the lower corner fittings of the respective container is released and when this container is lifted off the auxiliary device Coupling pieces uncoupled from the container remain on the hi-fi device.
  • a device for achieving the object on which the invention is based has the features of claim 11.
  • the supporting structure 22 forms the auxiliary device provided in the method described above, onto which at least one container can be placed in each case.
  • the exceptions of the supporting frame serve to hold the coupling pieces.
  • the coupling pieces are kept ready in the receptacles of the supporting frame in the correct position for the corner fittings of the container.
  • the receptacles serve to bring about a rotation of the crossbars and as a support for the coupling pieces uncoupled from the container.
  • the receptacles are designed as adapters that can be detachably connected to the supporting frame.
  • the device can be easily converted to containers of different sizes, coupling pieces of different construction or mode of operation.
  • the supporting structure can be provided with different receptacles for coupling the coupling pieces on the one hand and uncoupling them on the other.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an auxiliary device designed as a supporting structure
  • FIG. 2 shows the auxiliary device of FIG. 1 in a front view
  • FIG. 3 shows the auxiliary device of FIGS. 1 and 2 in a plan view
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail V from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 shows the detail of FIG. 5 with an attached container corner
  • 7 is a corner of a container lifted off the supporting frame with a dome pre-locked underneath
  • Fig. 8 is a container corner with an attached below
  • FIG. 9 is a view rotated by 90 ° of FIG. 8 with the coupling piece detached from the corner of the container, and
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of the adapter of FIG. 8.
  • coupling pieces 10 are semi-automatic coupling pieces known per se.
  • the following description relates to the connection of two containers, namely a lower container (not shown in the figures) to an upper container 12 partially shown in some figures.
  • a lower container and an upper container refers that on the location of the two containers to be connected, but not on an upper and lower container of the container stack formed from more than two containers.
  • the four coupling pieces 10 are first coupled on land to the lower corner fittings 11 of the upper container 12, namely pre-locked. Subsequently, this upper container 12 with the four pre-interlocked four coupling pieces 10 is placed on the lower container already on board the ship, the coupling pieces being automatically locked with the lower container.
  • the semiautomatic coupling pieces 10 of the same design have, in the exemplary embodiment shown, a two-part housing 13, a locking bolt 14 and an actuating device 15. Alternatively, the coupling pieces can also have one-part housings or more than two-part housings.
  • the two-part housing 13 shown here has a central abutment 16, which, in the case of containers stacked one on top of the other, comes to rest as spacers between adjacent corner fittings of the container o and two center pieces 12 arranged on opposite sides of the abutment 16, which are provided by corresponding containers in the case of coupled containers Elongate holes of the corner fittings 11 of neighboring containers protrude through them.
  • the center pieces 17 have a rectangular cross section adapted to the 5 elongated holes in the corner fittings 11.
  • the one-piece locking bolt 14 has a cyl indirect middle part and two cross bolts 18 and 19 arranged at opposite ends of the middle part.
  • the locking bolt 14 is rotatably mounted in the housing 13 with the middle part.
  • the crossbars 18 and 19 protrude from the housing 13 on opposite sides, that is to say they are located above and below the respective center piece 17.
  • the two crossbars 18 and 19 are designed in the same way. They have a helically wound contour, which makes it possible to turn the entire locking bolt 14 when inserted into the corner fitting 11 of the corresponding container, in such a way that a cross bar 18 or the like, which is rotated relative to the elongated hole thereof before being inserted into the corresponding corner fitting 11 19 by rotating the entire locking bolt 14 into a position in which it is aligned with the elongated hole in the corner fitting 11 and can thus pass through the elongated hole.
  • the opposite crossbars 18 and 19 are offset from one another, preferably by 90 °.
  • the actuating device 15 of the coupling piece 10 shown here has two rope-like pull strands 21 which protrude from the housing 13 with actuating ends 20. These serve, in particular, to release the locking of the coupling piece with the lower container in each case by unloading the ship by the lower transverse bolts 19 align with the elongated holes in the upper corner fittings 11 of the lower container.
  • the actuating device 15 has a spring mechanism which, when the respective cross bar 18 or 19 is rotated, for inserting the coupling piece 10 into the corresponding corner fitting 11 of a container, is pretensioned in such a way that after the corresponding cross bar 18, 19 has been inserted in the respective corner fitting 11 of the locking bolt 14 is turned back automatically, whereby the cross bar 18 or 19 is brought out of the aligned position with the corresponding elongated hole in the corner fitting 11 for pre-locking the coupling piece 10 under the lower corner fitting 11 of the upper container 12 and for final locking the Coupling piece 10 when the upper container 12 with all four coupling pieces 10 is placed on the lower container.
  • the device according to the invention has a support structure 22 with receptacles for coupling pieces 10 to be coupled or uncoupled to the lower corner fittings 11 of the upper container 12.
  • the support structure 22 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is designed as a three-dimensional framework. It has a rectangular floor frame 23 and upright columns 24 connected to it.
  • the supporting structure 22 shown here has a total of eight columns 24. Four columns 24 assigned to the outer corners of the bean frame 23 are spaced apart from one another which correspond to the pitch of the corner fittings 11 of a 40 ' -Containers correspond.
  • the four remaining columns 24 are assigned in pairs to the central region of the floor frame 23, in such a way that each pair of two central columns 24 together with a pair of outer columns 24 corresponds to the pitch of a 20 'container. Accordingly, two 20 'containers lying one behind the other can be placed on the supporting frame 22 shown. Alternatively, it is conceivable to place the columns 24 differently or to provide further columns which correspond to the grid size of other conventional containers, for example 45 'containers.
  • Struts 25 ensure a rigid connection of the columns 24 to the floor frame 23.
  • side walls between the columns 24 at least over a portion of the height of the columns 24, so that in connection with a closed floor frame 23 the supporting structure 22 as a container is designed to hold a supply of a plurality of coupling pieces 10.
  • one or more containers for receiving a supply of coupling pieces in the area of the base frame 23 are also conceivable.
  • a receptacle for a coupling piece 10 is assigned to the upper end of each column 24.
  • different receptacles can be detachably connected to the upper end of the respective column 24.
  • the receptacles are different adapters 26, 27.
  • the adapters 26 are used for coupling or pre-locking the coupling pieces 10 under the corner fittings 11 of the upper container 12.
  • the adapters 27 are used for uncoupling the coupling pieces 10 from the corner fittings 11 upper Containers 12.
  • the respective adapters 26 and 27 are detachably connected to the upper ends of the columns 24 by coupling pieces, which can be commercially available simple twist locks that can be operated completely manually.
  • each adapter 26 and 27 is fastened with a coupling piece 28 at the upper end of the respective column 24.
  • the upper end of each column 24 has a corner fitting 29 which corresponds to the corner fittings of containers, for example the corner fitting 11.
  • at least one flat upper side 30 of the corner fitting 29 has an elongated hole for the entry of the speaking lower middle part of the housing of the coupling piece 28.
  • the underside 31 of each adapter 26 and 27 is formed, namely also has an elongated hole for the entry of the upper middle piece on the housing of the coupling piece 28.
  • Each adapter 26 for pre-locking or coupling the dome pieces 11 to the lower corner fittings 11 of the upper container 12 has an approximately square opening 33 on its upper side 32. This is designed so that the dome can be used in any positions of the lower cross bar 19 piece 10 from above placed on the adapter 26 and can be removed from this upwards. Furthermore, each adapter 26 has a positioning frame 34 protruding from the upper side 32, which corresponds approximately to the contour of two sides of the abutment 16 of the coupling piece 10. The height of the positioning frame 34 is somewhat less than the thickness of the abutment 16, so that when the upper container 12 is placed on the supporting frame 22, the lower corner fittings 11 of the same rest on the abutment 16 of the respective coupling piece 10; but not on the positioning frame 34.
  • the positioning frame 34 can be provided with upwardly projecting extensions which extend to the side surfaces of the lower corner fittings 11 of the respective upper container 12 and thus serve as a guide for containers 12 to be placed on the supporting frame 22.
  • guides for the containers 12, in particular the corner fittings 11 thereof, on the columns 24 of the supporting frame 22 are also conceivable to arrange guides for the containers 12, in particular the corner fittings 11 thereof, on the columns 24 of the supporting frame 22.
  • the adapter 27 for uncoupling the coupling pieces 10 from the lower corner fittings 11 of the upper containers 12 has a fixed support for the abutment 16 of a coupling piece 10 on the upper side 35. Furthermore, a 1 anglocharti opening 36 is arranged in the upper side 35 of the adapter 27 (FIG. 10). This opening 36 has a relative position, which is such that when the lower cross bolt 19 passes through the opening 36, the locking bolt 14 is rotated such that the upper cross bolt 18 is in register with the center piece 17 of the housing 13 and the elongated hole in the corner fitting 11 of the upper container 12, that is to say the coupling piece 11 is uncoupled from the lower corner fitting 11 of the upper container.
  • an ejector plate 37 which can be moved up and down in the adapter 27.
  • the ejector plate 37 can be moved up by a compression spring 38 arranged below it.
  • the ejector plate 37 can be locked in its lower position.
  • spring-loaded pins can be used which protrude from the top of the ejector plate 37 when the ejector plate 37 is moved completely downwards.
  • These pins or other locking means can be retracted into a position which releases the outward stroke of the ejector plate 37 by means of a button 39 which bears against the lower corner fitting 11 of the upper container 12 until the upper cross bar 18 of the coupling piece 10 is pulled out of the respective corner fitting 11 .
  • the button 39 is pivoted in a spring-loaded manner, pulling back the pins for locking the ejector plate 37 and thereby releasing the upward movement of the ejector plate 37 by the compression spring 38.
  • the ejector plate 37 it is conceivable for the ejector plate 37 to be rotated in its upward and downward movement and to be provided with a non-rotatable locking of the lower cross bar 19 with respect to the ejector plate 37. This leads to the fact that the ejector plate 37 is twisted when the downward movement of the ejector plate by placing the upper container 12 with the corresponding coupling piece 10 onto the adapter 27 results in the locking of the lower corner fitting 11 of the upper one
  • Coupling piece 10 is rotated back by the ejector plate 37 of the cross bolt 19 and thus the entire locking bolt 14 into an initial position for reuse of the
  • Coupling piece 10 The method according to the invention for the simultaneous coupling or pre-locking of four coupling pieces 10 to the lower corner fittings 11 of an upper 40 'container 12 proceeds as follows:
  • the coupling pieces 28 are used to fasten the adapters 26 used for coupling on the columns 24 arranged on the outer four corners of the floor frame 23 of the supporting frame 22. This happens only once at the beginning of the respective loading process.
  • a coupling piece 10 is now placed on each adapter 26 by hand.
  • the locking bolt 14 of each coupling piece 10 is in a position which corresponds to the locking position of the 40 'containers lying one above the other to be connected (end locking position 1 ung).
  • Both cross bolts 18 and 19 are out of coverage with the center pieces 17 on opposite sides of the abutment 16 of the respective coupling piece 10.
  • the positioning frame 34 on each adapter 26 ensures that the coupling pieces 10 are in the respectively intended position and keep this. In this position, the actuating ends 20 of the tension cords 21 point vertically out of the plane of the end faces of the 40 ′ container 12.
  • the upper 40 'container 12 is then lowered onto the support frame 22 prepared in the manner described above and used as an auxiliary device for coupling the coupling pieces 10. This is done in such a way that the upper crossbars 18 of the four coupling pieces 10 are aligned with the elongated holes of the lower corner fittings 11 of the upper 40 'container 12.
  • the crossbars 18 which are not in register with the centerpieces 17 on the housing 13 of the respective corner fitting 11 are rotated so that they come into congruence with the respective center piece 17 and can thereby pass through the elongated holes of the lower corner fittings 11.
  • the upper 40 'container 12 is now lifted with the corner fittings 11, which are pre-locked under the lower corner fittings 11, from the supporting frame 22 with the adapters 26 attached thereto, the transverse bolts 19 running transversely to the lower abutment 16 being replaced by the correspondingly dimensioned ( approximately square) openings 33 are pulled out of the adapters 26.
  • the upper 40 'container 12 with the coupling pieces 10 underneath it is now placed on the lower 40' container of the corresponding container stack already on board the ship to be loaded, one in a manner known per se due to the semi-automatic design of the coupling pieces 10 automatic locking of the lower cross bar 19 of the coupling pieces 10 with the lower 40 '-Contai ner on board the ship.
  • the locking bolts 14 are in the original position with which the coupling pieces 10 have been placed on the adapters 26 of the supporting frame 22.
  • the adapters 26 can no longer be attached to the columns 24 and also not replaced because they usually remain on the columns 24 during the entire loading process. It So only four new coupling pieces 10 need to be arranged on the columns 24 for further containers 12.
  • dome pieces 10 can also be attached under the lower corner fittings 11 of 20 'containers.
  • at least one pair of the central columns 24 is to be provided with adapters 26. If all eight columns 24 are provided with adapters 26, the supporting structure 22 can be operated in parallel, ie two 20 'containers can be provided with coupling pieces 10 at the same time.
  • the coupling pieces 10 required for coupling to the containers 12 are preferably kept in stock on the base frame 23 of the supporting frame 22 by storing a corresponding number of coupling pieces 10 here.
  • An adapter 27 for unlocking the coupling pieces 10 from the lower corner fittings 11 of the respective upper 40 ′ container 12 is placed on the upper sides 30 of the four columns 24 located at the corners of the supporting frame 22.
  • the adapters 27 are connected to the upper sides 30 of the columns 24 by means of coupling pieces 28.
  • an upper 40 'container 12 is uncoupled from the underlying 40' container.
  • a pull cord 21 is manually pulled out of the housing 13 of the respective coupling piece 10 by gripping an actuating end 20 so that the cross bar 19 of the coupling piece 10 is aligned with the (lower) middle piece 17 of the housing 13 assigned to it.
  • the respective coupling piece 10 is thus detached from the lower 40 'container.
  • the upper 40' container 12 with the still under its lower corner fittings 11 locked coupling pieces 10 from the lower Container lifted and placed on land by a suitable lifting device on the supporting frame 22 serving as auxiliary device for uncoupling the coupling pieces 10.
  • the direction indicators on the columns 24 or the position frame 34 serve to facilitate the precise positioning of the container 12 with the coupling pieces 10 on the support frame 22, namely the adapter 27. This is done in such a way that the four coupling pieces 10 under the upper 40 ′ container 12 go vertically over the adapter 27 positioned on the corresponding columns 24.
  • the ejector plate 37 of each adapter 27 is pressed down by the tips of the lower transverse bolts 19 and the compression spring 38 is pretensioned.
  • the pivotable buttons 39 are pressed outwards by the vertical side surfaces of the lower corner fittings 11 of the upper 40' container 12, thereby releasing locking pins in such a way that they are released after the complete depression of the Project the ejector plate 37 from the top of the ejector plate 37 and lock it positively.
  • the corresponding adapter 26 or 27 is generally placed on the corresponding columns 24 of the supporting structure 22 only once per unloading or loading process.
  • the corresponding adapters 26 and 27 thus remain on the columns 24 assigned to them until all containers are loaded or unloaded.
  • the invention is also suitable for conventional 3-function coupling pieces, coupling pieces which are only locked under (upper) containers and fully automatic coupling pieces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

A bord d'un bateau, des conteneurs (12) empilés sont raccordés au moyen d'éléments de couplage (10) pour éviter qu'ils ne se déplacent en glissant. On utilise souvent à cet effet des éléments de couplage semi-automatiques (10) qui doivent être préverrouillés manuellement sous les conteneurs (12) supérieurs. Après avoir posé les conteneurs (12) supérieurs sur les conteneurs inférieurs, les éléments de couplage (10) se verrouillent automatiquement. Or, le préverrouillage manuel des éléments de couplage (10) sous les conteneurs (12) supérieurs est coûteux en temps et n'est pas sans danger. Il est donc proposé, selon l'invention, de placer les éléments de couplage (10) sur un élément auxiliaire (22) conçu sous forme de cadre support et de préverrouiller les éléments de couplage (10) sous ce conteneur (12) en posant ensuite le conteneur (12) supérieur sur l'élément auxiliaire (22). Inversement, l'élément auxiliaire (22) peut être utilisé pour détacher les éléments de couplage (10) des conteneurs (12) vides.
PCT/EP1996/005399 1995-12-13 1996-12-04 Procede et dispositif pour attacher des elements de couplage a des conteneurs et/ou pour detacher des elements de couplage de conteneurs WO1997021615A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19546606.3 1995-12-13
DE1995146606 DE19546606A1 (de) 1995-12-13 1995-12-13 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ankuppeln von Kuppelstücken an Container und/oder zum Abkuppeln von Kuppelstücken von Containern

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997021615A1 true WO1997021615A1 (fr) 1997-06-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/005399 WO1997021615A1 (fr) 1995-12-13 1996-12-04 Procede et dispositif pour attacher des elements de couplage a des conteneurs et/ou pour detacher des elements de couplage de conteneurs

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DE (1) DE19546606A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997021615A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1012849C2 (nl) 1999-08-18 2001-02-20 Univ Delft Tech Werkwijze en inrichting voor het aanbrengen of verwijderen van een semi-automatische twist-lock.
ITMO20090048A1 (it) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-25 Luciano Fantuzzi Macchina per il montaggio e lo smontaggio di dispositivi di aggancio per container

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988007006A1 (fr) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-22 Es-Ko Marine Aktiebolag Verrou tournant semi-automatique, notamment pour l'accouplement de conteneurs
DE4317996A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Tax Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Umsetzen von Containern Stichwort: Cradle

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988007006A1 (fr) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-22 Es-Ko Marine Aktiebolag Verrou tournant semi-automatique, notamment pour l'accouplement de conteneurs
DE4317996A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Tax Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Umsetzen von Containern Stichwort: Cradle

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