WO1997019142A2 - Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen phase vorliegenden organischen verbindungen zum transport elektrischer ladungen - Google Patents
Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen phase vorliegenden organischen verbindungen zum transport elektrischer ladungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997019142A2 WO1997019142A2 PCT/DE1996/002262 DE9602262W WO9719142A2 WO 1997019142 A2 WO1997019142 A2 WO 1997019142A2 DE 9602262 W DE9602262 W DE 9602262W WO 9719142 A2 WO9719142 A2 WO 9719142A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- liquid
- columnar
- plastic
- discotic
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/07—Polymeric photoconductive materials
- G03G5/075—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G5/076—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having a photoconductive moiety in the polymer backbone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0605—Carbocyclic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0618—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/062—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing non-metal elements other than hydrogen, halogen, oxygen or nitrogen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/07—Polymeric photoconductive materials
- G03G5/075—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/622—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing four rings, e.g. pyrene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/731—Liquid crystalline materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K2019/328—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems containing a triphenylene ring system
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of compounds which are present in the plastic-columnar, discotic, liquid-crystal phase for the transport of electrical charges.
- the invention electronic components wel ⁇ relates che containing compounds and mixtures of these compounds with Verbin ⁇ columnar discotic helically and / or columnarly discotic flussigkristallmen compounds.
- Photoconductive organic polymers are an interesting class of materials and are used on a large scale in copiers, laser printers and offset printing plates.
- organic photoconductors are discotically liquid-crystalline compounds, such as, for example, hexapentyloxyphenylenes, which have charge carrier mobilities of approximately 10 -3 cm 2 / V ⁇ (Adam et al., Physical Review Letters 7_0, 457-460 (1993) ).
- discotic, columnar, liquid-crystal compounds are known to be able to form higher-order phases in addition to or instead of a columnar phase.
- discotic, columnar, low-liquid-crystal compounds are described, which form a highly ordered helical phase in certain temperature ranges. Such phases with low liquid crystals show high charge carrier mobility.
- many of these known organic photoconductors still leave something to be desired in terms of their chemical stability.
- low-crystalline compounds which are present in the plastically columnar discotic phase have particularly high charge-carrier mobility with good chemical stability and that therefore compounds that are present in this liquid crystalline phase are particularly suitable for the transport of electrical chargers.
- a plastic columnar discotic phase is to be understood here as a liquid-crystalline phase which represents an order state which lies between the crystalline and the discotic columnar liquid-crystalline state. This order status can be observed both when heating from the crystalline state and when cooling from the isotropically liquid or less ordered liquid-crystal state.
- the column axes are oriented, but the individual columns can move along their axes.
- this movement is so severely restricted that so-called mixed reflections (hkl) occur in X-ray diffraction experiments, as are characteristic of the crystalline state.
- the plastic columnar discotic phases are mostly viscous and not solid because the molecules can rotate around the column axis.
- Such low-liquid-crystal compounds can therefore be processed homogeneously over a large area and are also suitable for applications for which the dimension of crystalline semiconductors is limiting.
- the plastic, columnar, discotic phase can also be observed in the glassy solidified state.
- plastically columnar, discotic, liquid-crystal phases now show charge carrier mobilities that are usually above IO -2 cm 2 / V ⁇ .
- all disco-low liquid crystal compounds can be used which have plastically columnar discotic phases in certain temperature ranges.
- the compounds according to the invention can be derived from the following stem bodies:
- the substitution pattern must be chosen so that the plastic columnar discotic liquid crystal phase behavior occurs. This is especially often the case when the aromatic system is substituted by short aliphatic residues such as Example ⁇ butyloxy, butylthio, pentylthio or pentyloxy.
- the symmetry of the compound is disturbed in such a way that there is no axis of symmetry perpendicular to the molecular plane, but symmetrical compounds also show the desired liquid-crystal phase behavior such as hexabutyloxytriphenylene.
- Preferred compounds for the uses according to the invention are substituted triphenylenes, since the desired phase behavior is often observed with these compounds.
- the use of compounds which have the structure of the general formula I is particularly preferred
- n represents a number from 2 to 6.
- the penta-n-pentyloxy-triphenylenes which carry a cyano group, a triflate group, a pivaloyl group or an acetoxy group as additional substituents R 6 are particularly preferred.
- 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexabutyloxytriphenylene is also particularly preferred, since it exhibits the desired low-liquid behavior in a wide temperature range and, moreover, is particularly easy to produce owing to its symmetrical substitution.
- oligomeric or polymeric triphenylene derivatives for example those which have a central cyclohe- xantricabonic acid group or benzene tricarboxylic acid group are trimerized.
- Triphenylene derivatives such as 2, 6-dihydroxypropyl - 3, 7, 10, 11-tetrapentyloxytriphenylene, the corresponding 3, 6-isomer and 3,6, 10-tr ⁇ hydroxypropyl-2,7,11 also substituted twice or three times with a hydroxypropyl group - Tripentyloxytriphenylene show the desired liquid crystal phase behavior.
- the compounds according to the invention find e.g. Use as a photoconductor. Photoiomsation can be used to generate free charge carriers in the compounds that can be transported easily. These properties can be exploited, for example, in m photovoltaic solar cells, to which the connections according to the invention can be used. Furthermore, the liquid-crystalline connections according to the invention can be connected to electromechanical components such as e.g. Tran sistors, diodes or light emitting diodes (LED) can be used.
- electromechanical components such as e.g. Tran sistors, diodes or light emitting diodes (LED) can be used.
- light emitting diodes e.g. Suitable compounds which are fluorescent smd in the visible range. It is also possible to dope the liquid-crystal phases according to the invention with fluorescent dyes and thus to produce light-emitting diodes.
- the liquid-crystalline phases according to the invention can also be mixed with dopants which increase the dark conductivity.
- dopants are, for example, FeCl 3 , A1C1 3 , chloraml, TNF (2,4,7 Tnmtrofluorenon) or TCNQ (2, 3,5,6 -Tetracyanobenzochmon)
- the liquid crystalline order state on which the use according to the invention is based is shown not only by pure compounds, but also by mixtures of various plastically discotic colum nar liquid compounds and mixtures of these compounds with helical columnar discotic or di ⁇ cotic liquid crystal compounds.
- the phase temperatures and the phase widths can be varied so that it it is possible to obtain the desired low-crystalline behavior in various temperature ranges.
- triphenylene derivatives can be used according to the m of the older German patent application 19517208.6 or by Closs et al. m J. Chem. Soc. Perkin. Trans. I, 829 (1995), be described methods.
- the production of oligomeric tri-phenylene derivatives is known from the older German application P 44 22 332.2.
- Phase transition temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry with a heating rate of 10 K / min.
- phase structures were determined by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) on a Siemens S-5000 diffractometer with nickel filter and Cu-K a radiation
- Phase names k crystalline D h o Di ⁇ cotic columnar phase (hexagonal)
- Table 1 shows the lattice constants a hex »(h, k, 1) indices and d distances for the X-ray reflections m of the D hD phase (88 ° C) and m of the D hp phase (21 ° C) m ⁇ .
- FIG. 2 shows the X-ray diffractogram of 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexabutyloxytriphenylene at 115 ° C.
- the charge carrier mobility or photoconductivity was determined by time of flight measurement. For this purpose, charges were generated in the corresponding photoconductor layers with a basic voltage applied using a laser pulse and the time until the current signal occurred was measured. Details of the smd method e.g. by D.Adam et al. m Nature 371, 141-143 (1994).
- FIG. 4 shows the mobility of the charge carrier ⁇ at different temperatures.
- the open circles show the course when cooling, the black squares the course when heating up.
- FIG. 5 shows the time course of a photocurrent after a pulse-like exposure.
- the photocurrent is plotted in random units against time.
- Figure 3 shows the X-ray diffractogram of the compound at 110 ° C.
- connection can be produced according to the methods given in the older German patent application P4422332.2 (the terminal line marks mean the free valences for connecting the two different parts of the molecule).
- connection can be produced by the methods specified in the older German patent application P4422332.2.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96945750A EP0862604B1 (de) | 1995-11-23 | 1996-11-25 | Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen phase vorliegenden organischen verbindungen zum transport elektrischer ladungen |
DE59606474T DE59606474D1 (de) | 1995-11-23 | 1996-11-25 | Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen phase vorliegenden organischen verbindungen zum transport elektrischer ladungen |
US09/077,167 US6099750A (en) | 1995-11-23 | 1996-11-25 | Use of organic compounds in the plastic columnar discotic liquid-crystal phase for transport of electric charges |
JP09519300A JP2001500166A (ja) | 1995-11-23 | 1996-11-25 | 電荷を輸送するための可塑性−柱状−ディスコチック−液晶性の相で存在する有機化合物の使用方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19543637A DE19543637A1 (de) | 1995-11-23 | 1995-11-23 | Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen Phase vorliegenden organischen Verbindungen zum Transport elektrischer Ladungen |
DE19543637.7 | 1995-11-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997019142A2 true WO1997019142A2 (de) | 1997-05-29 |
WO1997019142A3 WO1997019142A3 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
Family
ID=7778190
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1996/002262 WO1997019142A2 (de) | 1995-11-23 | 1996-11-25 | Verwendung von in der plastisch-kolumnar diskotischen flüssigkristallinen phase vorliegenden organischen verbindungen zum transport elektrischer ladungen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6099750A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0862604B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001500166A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19543637A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997019142A2 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6204515B1 (en) | 1999-01-15 | 2001-03-20 | The Dow Chemical Company | Semiconducting polymer field effect transistor |
EP1089596A2 (de) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Leitende Flüssigkristallvorrichtung und organische elektrolumineszente Vorrichtung |
US6281430B1 (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2001-08-28 | Sony International (Europe) Gmbh | Electronic device comprising a columnar discotic phase |
JP2002164177A (ja) * | 1999-11-29 | 2002-06-07 | Canon Inc | 液晶素子 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU777444B2 (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2004-10-14 | Flexenable Limited | Aligned polymers for an organic TFT |
KR100377321B1 (ko) * | 1999-12-31 | 2003-03-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 피-형 반도체 성질을 갖는 유기 화합물을 포함하는 전기소자 |
US7560175B2 (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2009-07-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Electroluminescent devices with low work function anode |
KR100721656B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-23 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유기 전기 소자 |
US6984734B2 (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2006-01-10 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Cyclo[n]pyrroles and methods thereto |
JP2008510312A (ja) * | 2004-08-19 | 2008-04-03 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | バッファ層を含む有機発光素子およびその製作方法 |
US8092924B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2012-01-10 | Universal Display Corporation | Triphenylene hosts in phosphorescent light emitting diodes |
KR100890862B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-07 | 2009-03-27 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유기 발광 소자 및 이의 제조 방법 |
CN101371619B (zh) | 2006-01-18 | 2013-11-13 | Lg化学株式会社 | 具有堆叠式有机发光单元的oled |
US20090091242A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Liang-Sheng Liao | Hole-injecting layer in oleds |
US9348038B2 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2016-05-24 | Thunder Bay Regional Institute | Systems and methods for resetting photoconductive x-ray imaging detectors |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0386576A2 (de) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-12 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Niedermolekulare diskotisch flüssigkristalline Ladungsübertragungs(charge transfer)-Komplexe |
EP0527376A1 (de) * | 1991-08-10 | 1993-02-17 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Organische Photoleiter mit flüssigkristallinen Eigenschaften |
DE4429597A1 (de) * | 1994-08-20 | 1996-02-22 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von in der kolumnar helicalen Phase vorliegenden niedermolekularen oder polymeren organischen Verbindungen mit flüssigkristallinen Eigenschaften |
Family Cites Families (9)
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FR2489564A1 (fr) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-03-05 | Thomson Csf | Procede et dispositif de visualisation utilisant un effet thermo-optique avec memoire dans une couche mince de cristal liquide disquotique |
DE3378660D1 (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1989-01-12 | Showa Denko Kk | Electrically conductive liquid crystalline substance and polymer |
DE3425261A1 (de) * | 1983-12-24 | 1986-01-16 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Triphenylenderivate |
EP0529439B1 (de) * | 1991-08-17 | 1996-02-14 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltbare kolumnare flüssigkristalline Systeme |
JP3398151B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-16 | 2003-04-21 | キネテイツク・リミテツド | 液晶混合物中に用いるためのディスコチック化合物 |
DE4339711A1 (de) * | 1993-11-22 | 1995-05-24 | Basf Ag | Neue Triphenylenverbindungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung von diskotisch flüssigkristallinen vernetzten Polymeren |
US5635105A (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1997-06-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display and optical compensatory sheet and process for preparation of the same |
US5730903A (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1998-03-24 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Compound and thin film composed of the discotic compound |
US5718838A (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 1998-02-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical compensatory sheet, process for the preparation of the same and liquid crystal display |
-
1995
- 1995-11-23 DE DE19543637A patent/DE19543637A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-11-25 WO PCT/DE1996/002262 patent/WO1997019142A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-25 US US09/077,167 patent/US6099750A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-25 JP JP09519300A patent/JP2001500166A/ja active Pending
- 1996-11-25 EP EP96945750A patent/EP0862604B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-25 DE DE59606474T patent/DE59606474D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0386576A2 (de) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-12 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Niedermolekulare diskotisch flüssigkristalline Ladungsübertragungs(charge transfer)-Komplexe |
EP0527376A1 (de) * | 1991-08-10 | 1993-02-17 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Organische Photoleiter mit flüssigkristallinen Eigenschaften |
DE4429597A1 (de) * | 1994-08-20 | 1996-02-22 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von in der kolumnar helicalen Phase vorliegenden niedermolekularen oder polymeren organischen Verbindungen mit flüssigkristallinen Eigenschaften |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
NATURE, Bd. 371, Nr. 6493, 8.September 1994, Seiten 141-143, XP000571433 ADAM D ET AL: "FAST PHOTOCONDUCTION IN THE HIGHLY ORDERED COLUMNAR PHASE OF A DISCOTIC LIQUID CRYSTAL" in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, Bd. 70, Nr. 4, 25.Januar 1993, Seiten 457-460, XP000345782 ADAM D ET AL: "TRANSIENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY IN A DISCOTIC LIQUID CRYSTAL" in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6204515B1 (en) | 1999-01-15 | 2001-03-20 | The Dow Chemical Company | Semiconducting polymer field effect transistor |
US6281430B1 (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2001-08-28 | Sony International (Europe) Gmbh | Electronic device comprising a columnar discotic phase |
EP1089596A2 (de) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Leitende Flüssigkristallvorrichtung und organische elektrolumineszente Vorrichtung |
EP1089596A3 (de) * | 1999-09-28 | 2003-02-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Leitende Flüssigkristallvorrichtung und organische elektrolumineszente Vorrichtung |
JP2002164177A (ja) * | 1999-11-29 | 2002-06-07 | Canon Inc | 液晶素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001500166A (ja) | 2001-01-09 |
EP0862604B1 (de) | 2001-02-21 |
US6099750A (en) | 2000-08-08 |
DE19543637A1 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
DE59606474D1 (de) | 2001-03-29 |
EP0862604A1 (de) | 1998-09-09 |
WO1997019142A3 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
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