WO1997009427A1 - Vegf-related protein - Google Patents

Vegf-related protein Download PDF

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WO1997009427A1
WO1997009427A1 PCT/US1996/014075 US9614075W WO9709427A1 WO 1997009427 A1 WO1997009427 A1 WO 1997009427A1 US 9614075 W US9614075 W US 9614075W WO 9709427 A1 WO9709427 A1 WO 9709427A1
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Prior art keywords
vrp
protein
ofthe
die
residues
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English (en)
French (fr)
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James Lee
William Wood
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Genentech Inc
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Genentech Inc
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Priority to JP9511317A priority Critical patent/JPH11514976A/ja
Application filed by Genentech Inc filed Critical Genentech Inc
Priority to DE69628652T priority patent/DE69628652T3/de
Priority to EP96931450A priority patent/EP0848755B2/en
Priority to AT96931450T priority patent/ATE242809T1/de
Priority to CA002231400A priority patent/CA2231400A1/en
Priority to AU70128/96A priority patent/AU710696C/en
Priority to IL12333296A priority patent/IL123332A/xx
Priority to DK96931450.9T priority patent/DK0848755T4/da
Publication of WO1997009427A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997009427A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to AU2004218707A priority patent/AU2004218707B2/en
Priority to IL170076A priority patent/IL170076A/en
Priority to AU2008207460A priority patent/AU2008207460B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/22—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against growth factors ; against growth regulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
    • A61P27/06—Antiglaucoma agents or miotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/14—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the thyroid hormones, e.g. T3, T4
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/10—Antioedematous agents; Diuretics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/52—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • C07K14/71—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants for growth factors; for growth regulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
    • C07K2319/30—Non-immunoglobulin-derived peptide or protein having an immunoglobulin constant or Fc region, or a fragment thereof, attached thereto

Definitions

  • VEGF is a homodimeric, cysteine-rich protein that can occur in at least four forms due to alternative splicing of its mRNA. Ferrara et al, supra. While VEGF is a high-affinity ligand for Fltl and Flkl, it does not bind or activate Flt4. Pajusola et al. , Oncogene.2. supra. The only other closely related member of the VEGF family is placental growth factor (P1GF), which has 47% amino acid identity with VEGF. Maglione et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 8_8: 9267-9271 (1991).
  • VRP nucleic acid molecule is a nucleic acid molecule that is identified and separated from at least one contaminant nucleic acid molecule with which it is ordinarily associated in the natural source ofthe VRP nucleic acid.
  • An isolated VRP nucleic acid molecule is other than in the form or setting in which it is found in nature. Isolated VRP nucleic acid molecules therefore are distinguished from the VRP nucleic acid molecule as it exists in natural cells.
  • an isolated VRP nucleic acid molecule includes VRP nucleic acid molecules contained in cells that ordinarily express VRP where, for example, the nucleic acid molecule is in a chromosomal location different from that of natural cells.
  • the extracellular domain of the receptor was expressed as a fusion protein with an immunoglobulin Fc domain.
  • this fusion protein Flt4/IgG
  • FACS analysis By using this fusion protein (Flt4/IgG) to screen cell lines for membrane-bound ligands by FACS analysis, one positive cell line was identified.
  • the human glioma line, G61 gave about a 10- fold shift in peak fluorescence intensity that was specific for Flt4/IgG (Fig.2).
  • Attempts to expression clone this putative membrane-bound ligand by the transfection of pools of cDNA clones into COS cells followed by screening with labeled Flt4/IgG gave no positives from 640 pools of 1000-5000 clones each.
  • Flt4/IgG was also used to generate polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies that had agonistic activity and that were used to develop the Flt4 tyrosine phosphorylation assay as described in Example 5 below.
  • DNA portions ofthe genome are isolated from the selected primary cells.
  • Secondary mammalian expression host cells are then transformed with these genomic DNA portions and cloned, and clones are selected that contain the amplifiable region.
  • the amplifiable region is then amplified by means of an amplifying agent if not already amplified in the primary cells.
  • the secondary expression host cells now comprising multiple copies ofthe amplifiable region containing VRP are grown so as to express the gene and produce the protein.
  • the nucleic acid sequence includes the native VRP signal sequence.
  • Nucleic acid having all the protein coding sequence is obtained by screening selected cDNA or genomic libraries using the deduced amino acid sequence disclosed herein for the first time. and. if necessary, using conventional primer extension procedures as described in section 7.79 of Sambrook et al, supra, to detect precursors and processing intermediates of mRNA that may not have been reverse-transcribed into cDNA.
  • Amino acid sequence variants of VRP are prepared by introducing appropriate nucleotide changes into the VRP DNA, or by synthesis ofthe desired VRP polypeptide.
  • Such variants represent insertions, substitutions, and/or deletions of, residues within or at one or both ofthe ends ofthe amino acid sequence shown for the VRP in Figure 1.
  • these variants represent insertions and/or substitutions within or at one or both ends of the mature sequence, and/or insertions, substitutions and or deletions widiin or at one or both ofthe ends ofthe signal sequence for VRP shown in Fig. 1.
  • the VRPs of this invention may be produced recombinantly not only directly, but also as a fusion polypeptide with a heterologous polypeptide, which is preferably a signal sequence or other polypeptide having a specific cleavage site at the N-terminus ofthe mature protein or polypeptide.
  • a heterologous polypeptide which is preferably a signal sequence or other polypeptide having a specific cleavage site at the N-terminus ofthe mature protein or polypeptide.
  • the signal sequence may be a component ofthe vector, or it may be a part ofthe VRP DNA that is inserted into the vector.
  • the heterologous signal sequence selected preferably is one that is recognized and processed (i.e., cleaved by a signal peptidase) by the host cell.
  • promoters recognized by a variety of potential host cells are well known. These promoters are operably linked to VRP-encoding DNA by removing the promoter from the source DNA by restriction enzyme digestion and inserting the isolated promoter sequence into the vector. Both the native VRP promoter sequence and many heterologous promoters may be used to direct amplification and or expression ofthe VRP DNA. However, heterologous promoters are preferred, as they generally permit greater transcription and higher yields of VRP as compared to the native VRP promoter.
  • Examples include the SV40 enhancer on the late side ofthe replication origin (bp 100-270), the cytomegalovims early promoter enhancer, the polyoma enhancer on the late side ofthe replication origin, and adenovims enhancers. See also Yaniv, Nature.222: 17- 18 ( 1982) on enhancing elements for activation of eukaryotic promoters.
  • the enhancer may be spliced into the vector at a position 5' or 3' to the VRP-encoding sequence, but is preferably located at a site 5' from the promoter.
  • transient expression involves the use of an expression vector that is able to replicate efficiently in a host cell, such that the host cell accumulates many copies ofthe expression vector and, in turn, synthesizes high levels of a desired polypeptide encoded by the expression vector.
  • Transient expression systems comprising a suitable expression vector and a host cell, allow for the convenient positive identification of polypeptides encoded by cloned DNAs, as well as for the rapid screening of such polypeptides for desired biological or physiological properties.
  • transient expression systems are particularly useful in the invention for purposes of identifying analogs and variants of VRP that are biologically active VRP.
  • E. coli cloning host is E. coli 294 (ATCC 31,446), although other strains such as E. coli B. E. coli X1776 (ATCC 31,537), and E. coli W3110 (ATCC 27,325) are suitable. These examples are illustrative rather than limiting.
  • Strain W3110 is a particularly preferred host or parent host because it is a common host strain for recombinant DNA product fermentations.
  • Host cells are transfected and preferably transformed with the above-described expression or cloning vectors for VRP production and cultured in conventional nutrient media modified as appropriate for inducing promoters, selecting transformants, or amplifying the genes encoding the desired sequences.
  • Histidyl residues are derivatized by reaction with diethylpyrocarbonate at pH 5.5-7.0 because this agent is relatively specific for the histidyl side chain.
  • Para-bromophenacyl bromide also is useful; the reaction is preferably performed in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate at pH 6.0.
  • VRP polypeptide Addition of glycosylation sites to the VRP polypeptide is conveniently accomplished by altering the amino acid sequence such that it contains one or more ofthe above-described tripeptide sequences (for N-linked glycosylation sites). The alteration may also be made by the addition of, or substitution by, one or more serine or threonine residues to the native VRP sequence (for O-linked glycosylation sites).
  • the VRP amino acid sequence is preferably altered through changes at the DNA level, particularly by mutating the DNA encoding the VRP polypeptide at preselected bases such that codons are generated that will translate into the desired amino acids.
  • the DNA mutation(s) may be made using mediods described above and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,364,934, supra.
  • VRP vascular endothelium
  • VEGF vascular endothelium
  • uses associated widi the vascular endothelium such as the treatment of traumata to the vascular network, in view of the demonstrated rapid promotion by VEGF ofthe proliferation of vascular endothelial cells that would surround the traumata and in view of die relationship between VEGF and the VRP established herein.
  • traumata that could be so treated include, but are not limited to, surgical incisions, particularly those involving die heart, wounds, including lacerations, incisions, and penetrations of blood vessels, and surface ulcers involving the vascular endothelium such as diabetic, haemophiliac, and varicose ulcers.
  • lysine monosaccharides, disaccharides, and other carbohydrates including glucose, mannose, or dextrins; chelating agents such as EDTA; sugar alcohols such as mannitol or sorbitol: salt-forming counter-ions such as sodium; and/or non-ionic surfactants such as Tween, Pluronics or polyethylene glycol (PEG).
  • chelating agents such as EDTA
  • sugar alcohols such as mannitol or sorbitol: salt-forming counter-ions such as sodium
  • non-ionic surfactants such as Tween, Pluronics or polyethylene glycol (PEG).
  • the polyethylene glycol useful for gelling is typically a mixture of low and high molecular weight PEGs to obtain the proper viscosity.
  • a mixture of a PEG of molecular weight 400-600 with one of molecular weight 1500 would be effective for this pu ⁇ ose when mixed in die proper ratio to obtain a paste.
  • the culture medium for the hybridomas typically will include hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine (HAT medium), which substances prevent the growth of HGPRT-deficient cells.
  • HAT medium hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine
  • Preferred myeloma cells are those diat fuse efficiently, support stable high-level expression of antibody by the selected antibody-producing cells, and are sensitive to a medium such as HAT medium.
  • the monoclonal antibodies secreted by the subclones are suitably separated from the culture medium, ascites fluid, or semm by conventional immunoglobulin purification procedures such as, for example, protein A-Sepharose, hydroxylapatite chromatography, gel electrophoresis, dialysis, or affinity chromatography.
  • transgenic animals e.g. mice
  • J H the antibody heavy chain joining region
  • VRP antibody is an initial candidate dosage for administration to the patient, whether, for example, by one or more separate administrations, or by continuous infusion.
  • a typical daily dosage might range from about 1 ⁇ g/kg to 100 mg/kg or more, depending on die factors mentioned above.
  • die treatment is sustained until a desired suppression of disease symptoms occurs.
  • other dosage regimens may be useful. The progress of this therapy is easily monitored by conventional techniques and assays, including, for example, radiographic tumor imaging.
  • VRP antibodies may also be useful in diagnostic assays for VRP, e.g., detecting its expression in specific cells, tissues, or serum.
  • the antibodies are labeled in the same fashion as VRP described above and/or are immobilized on an insoluble matrix.
  • VRP antibodies also are useful for the affinity purification of VRP from recombinant ceil culture or natural sources. VRP antibodies that do not detectably cross-react with other proteins can be used to purify VRP free from these other known proteins. Suitable diagnostic assays for VRP and its antibodies are described above. III. Experimental
  • a cDNA library was prepared from polyA+ RNA isolated as described in Cadiala et al, DNA: 2: 329-
  • This plasmid was co-transfected with a plasmid containing a miroglycoside phosphotransferase (neo) transcription unit into 293 cells by calcium phosphate precipitation (Janssen et al, supra), and stably transfected lines were selected by growth on G418 (Gibco).
  • G418 G418
  • One clonal cell line expressing Flt4 (clone 31), as determined by FACS analysis widi FIt4/IgG antiserum, and untransfected 293 cells were used in the Flt4 tyrosine phosphorylation assays.
  • the medium was removed, and die cells were maintained in the growth medium (2% fetal calf semm) without bovine brain extract and supplemented widi VEGF or VRP. After four days, the cells were removed with trypsin and counted with a Coulter counter (Hialeah, FL).

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PCT/US1996/014075 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Vegf-related protein Ceased WO1997009427A1 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL12333296A IL123332A (en) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Isolated biologically active human vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) related protein
AU70128/96A AU710696C (en) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 VEGF-related protein
DE69628652T DE69628652T3 (de) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Vegf-verwandtes protein
EP96931450A EP0848755B2 (en) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Vegf-related protein
AT96931450T ATE242809T1 (de) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Vegf-verwandtes protein
CA002231400A CA2231400A1 (en) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Vegf-related protein
DK96931450.9T DK0848755T4 (da) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 VEGF relateret protein
JP9511317A JPH11514976A (ja) 1995-09-08 1996-08-30 Ｖｅｇｆ−関連タンパク質
AU2004218707A AU2004218707B2 (en) 1995-09-08 2004-10-08 Compositions comprising VEGF-related proteins and other cell growth factors
IL170076A IL170076A (en) 1995-09-08 2005-08-03 Antibodies to isolated biologically active human vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) related protein, their use and medicaments comprising them
AU2008207460A AU2008207460B2 (en) 1995-09-08 2008-08-21 VEGF-related protein

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US349195P 1995-09-08 1995-09-08
US60/003,491 1995-09-08

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WO1997009427A1 true WO1997009427A1 (en) 1997-03-13

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US (9) US6451764B1 (enExample)
EP (2) EP1382679A3 (enExample)
JP (3) JPH11514976A (enExample)
AT (1) ATE242809T1 (enExample)
AU (3) AU710696C (enExample)
CA (1) CA2231400A1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE69628652T3 (enExample)
DK (1) DK0848755T4 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2202469T5 (enExample)
IL (2) IL123332A (enExample)
PT (1) PT848755E (enExample)
WO (1) WO1997009427A1 (enExample)
ZA (1) ZA967445B (enExample)

Cited By (57)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998033917A1 (en) * 1994-11-14 1998-08-06 The Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Vascular endothelial growth factor c (vegf-c) protein and gene, mutants thereof, and uses thereof
US5932540A (en) * 1994-03-08 1999-08-03 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Vascular endothelial growth factor 2
US5935820A (en) * 1994-03-08 1999-08-10 Human Genome Science, Inc. Polynucleotides encoding vascular endothelial growth factor 2
US6040157A (en) * 1994-03-08 2000-03-21 Human Genome Sciences, Inc. Vascular endothelial growth factor 2
US6051698A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-04-18 Janjic; Nebojsa Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) nucleic acid ligand complexes
US6130071A (en) * 1997-02-05 2000-10-10 Helsinki University Licensing, Ltd. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) ΔCys156 protein and gene, and uses thereof
US6168778B1 (en) 1990-06-11 2001-01-02 Nexstar Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Nucleic Acid Ligand Complexes
US6221839B1 (en) 1994-11-14 2001-04-24 Helsinki University Licensing Ltd. Oy FIt4 ligand and methods of use
US6245530B1 (en) 1995-08-01 2001-06-12 Ludwig Institute For Cancer Research Receptor ligand
WO2001062942A3 (en) * 2000-02-25 2002-03-21 Ludwig Inst Cancer Res MATERIALS AND METHODS INVOLVING HYBRID VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR DNAs AND PROTEINS AND SCREENING METHODS FOR MODULATORS
US6361946B1 (en) 1997-02-05 2002-03-26 Licentia Ltd Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) protein and gene, mutants thereof, and uses thereof
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