WO1996015444A2 - Verfahren zur bestimmung der gleichgewichtskonzentrationen der komponenten halogen, halogenid, trihalogenid, hypohalogenit und hypohalogenigsäure in wässrigen lösungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung der gleichgewichtskonzentrationen der komponenten halogen, halogenid, trihalogenid, hypohalogenit und hypohalogenigsäure in wässrigen lösungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996015444A2 WO1996015444A2 PCT/EP1995/004505 EP9504505W WO9615444A2 WO 1996015444 A2 WO1996015444 A2 WO 1996015444A2 EP 9504505 W EP9504505 W EP 9504505W WO 9615444 A2 WO9615444 A2 WO 9615444A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- halide
- solution
- concentration
- halogen
- potential
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/4166—Systems measuring a particular property of an electrolyte
- G01N27/4168—Oxidation-reduction potential, e.g. for chlorination of water
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for
- Halogens especially chlorine and iodine, are large
- Scope used as a disinfectant. Since the bactericidal activity is essentially due to the free halogen present in equilibrium, methods for determining these components are of interest.
- halogens, chlorine, bromine and iodine that can be used for disinfection are treated in the same way with water as the solvent:
- Halogen solutions are therefore the following species: X 2 , HOX, OX-, X 3 _ and X-
- the percentage of each halogen depends on the pH, the initial halogen content cX 2 and the initial halocienide content cX-.
- Halides have so far been determined using ion-selective electrodes in which a certain concentration of the ion to be determined brings about a certain potential setting.
- ion-selective electrodes for halide determination tend in the presence of
- Halogen for corrosion the equilibrium takes a relatively long time, so that conditioning over several hours is generally required for more accurate measurements.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the equilibrium concentrations of halogen, halide, trihalide, hypohalite and / or halogenous acid, which is fast
- the redox potential can be used
- Equilibrium concentration of free molecular halogen [X 2 ] can be calculated if the halide concentration is known, but this is generally not the case.
- the redox potential together with the pH value, can be used to calculate the without knowing the halide concentration
- the halogen / halide solution was prepared by partial oxidation of a halide solution of known concentration
- a halide solution of concentration cX- is partially oxidized (electrical current or chemical):
- the root of the polynomial Xlla can be according to the usual methods, e.g. be solved by iteration.
- y is varied within the iteration limits C> y> 0 until the
- Equation Xlla Equation Xlla is satisfied.
- the calculation of f (see below) is done in the same iteration process
- Equilibrium concentrations are not known, is measured before and after the addition of a halide solution of known concentration.
- C total halogen concentration of the measuring solution (unknown)
- D total halide concentration of the measuring solution (unknown)
- V volume of the measuring solution
- H 1 hydrogen ion activity of the measuring solution
- ⁇ 1 f 1 ⁇ 2 / G 1
- y 2 -ß 2/2 / ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 / ⁇ 2 [ ⁇ y 1 ( ⁇ 1 y 1 + ß 1 ) - ⁇ ] + ß 2 2/4 / ⁇ 2 2 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2
- iodine solutions should have a pH ⁇ 6
- Halogen determination consists in dispensing with the pH electrode and in the algorithms specified above
- E is the potential difference of the platinum / reference electrode chain read on the measuring device, E X2 / X- the potential that adapts to the platinum electrode, E Ref that of the reference electrode, E Diff its diffusion potential and E o the (thermodynamic) standard potential of the reaction X 2 (aq) + 2e-
- the diffusion potential which depends on the stirring speed and the Geometry of the measuring vessel depends, can be determined.
- iodide solutions of a precisely known starting concentration (cJ-), which are saturated with elemental iodine, are expediently used, as a result of which errors due to evaporation losses are avoided.
- Oxidized halide solution whose initial concentration C (ie. before oxidation) is known, is in one
- Measuring temperature (25.0 ° C) measured. Typically it is
- thermostated mixing vessel placed and after reaching the
- the volume and concentration of the added halide solution should be adjusted so that a potential change of 10- 20 mV occurs.
- Variants A and B can then be used successfully to determine the redox potentiometric content of aqueous solutions
- Halogen solutions are used if the redox potential at the measuring electrode (Pt) is established very quickly. This is the case when the species X 2 and X- are finite
- redox potentiometric halide determination is not the use of an ion-selective, but an inert metal electrode. their potential in halogen / halide solutions does not depend on the halide activity aX-. but depends on the ratio (aX-) 2 / [X 2 ] (see Eq.V).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU39289/95A AU3928995A (en) | 1994-11-16 | 1995-11-16 | Process for determining the equilibrium concentrations of halogen, halogenide, trihalogenide, hypohalogenite and hypohalogenic acid components in aqueous solutions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4440872.2 | 1994-11-16 | ||
DE19944440872 DE4440872C2 (de) | 1994-11-16 | 1994-11-16 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Gleichgewichtskonzentrationen der Komponenten Halogen, Halogenid, Trihalogenid, Hypohalogenit und/oder Hypohalogenige Säure in wässrigen Lösungen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996015444A2 true WO1996015444A2 (de) | 1996-05-23 |
WO1996015444A3 WO1996015444A3 (de) | 1996-08-01 |
Family
ID=6533432
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1995/004505 WO1996015444A2 (de) | 1994-11-16 | 1995-11-16 | Verfahren zur bestimmung der gleichgewichtskonzentrationen der komponenten halogen, halogenid, trihalogenid, hypohalogenit und hypohalogenigsäure in wässrigen lösungen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU3928995A (de) |
DE (1) | DE4440872C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996015444A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007009377B4 (de) * | 2007-02-21 | 2009-01-02 | Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung Stiftung des öffentlichen Rechts | Ozonsonde mit hydrothermischem Puffer |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4176031A (en) * | 1978-03-17 | 1979-11-27 | Fischer & Porter Co. | Digital hypochlorous acid analyzer |
FR2472751A1 (fr) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-07-03 | Saunier Bernard | Procede de mesure separee de la teneur en ozone et/ou en bioxyde de chlore et, eventuellement, en chlorite et autres oxydants residuels d'une solution |
EP0220350A1 (de) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-05-06 | British Nuclear Fuels PLC | Ionenkonzentrationsanalyse |
US5218304A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-06-08 | Monsanto Company | Electronic pH and ORP indicator |
US5300442A (en) * | 1991-05-09 | 1994-04-05 | Orion Research, Inc. | Method and device for measuring chlorine concentrations with enhanced sensitivity |
-
1994
- 1994-11-16 DE DE19944440872 patent/DE4440872C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-11-16 AU AU39289/95A patent/AU3928995A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-16 WO PCT/EP1995/004505 patent/WO1996015444A2/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4176031A (en) * | 1978-03-17 | 1979-11-27 | Fischer & Porter Co. | Digital hypochlorous acid analyzer |
FR2472751A1 (fr) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-07-03 | Saunier Bernard | Procede de mesure separee de la teneur en ozone et/ou en bioxyde de chlore et, eventuellement, en chlorite et autres oxydants residuels d'une solution |
EP0220350A1 (de) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-05-06 | British Nuclear Fuels PLC | Ionenkonzentrationsanalyse |
US5300442A (en) * | 1991-05-09 | 1994-04-05 | Orion Research, Inc. | Method and device for measuring chlorine concentrations with enhanced sensitivity |
US5218304A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-06-08 | Monsanto Company | Electronic pH and ORP indicator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3928995A (en) | 1996-06-06 |
WO1996015444A3 (de) | 1996-08-01 |
DE4440872A1 (de) | 1996-05-23 |
DE4440872C2 (de) | 1998-01-15 |
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