WO1996006262A1 - Excavateur pour forages verticaux - Google Patents
Excavateur pour forages verticaux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996006262A1 WO1996006262A1 PCT/JP1995/001671 JP9501671W WO9606262A1 WO 1996006262 A1 WO1996006262 A1 WO 1996006262A1 JP 9501671 W JP9501671 W JP 9501671W WO 9606262 A1 WO9606262 A1 WO 9606262A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- head
- cutter
- main body
- cylindrical portion
- axis
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B11/00—Other drilling tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
- E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an excavator for excavating a hole extending in a vertical direction.
- An object of the present invention is to eliminate the work of loading excavated material into a bucket or the like at the bottom of a hole. Disclosure of the invention
- An excavator for a vertical hole includes: a cylindrical main body arranged so that an axis thereof is vertically oriented; a cutter head arranged at a lower end portion of the main body so as to be rotatable around the axis; And a drive for rotating the head.
- the power head is a first head supported at the lower end of the main body so as to be rotatable around the axis, and has a space at the center which penetrates in a vertical direction.
- a head at least one first cutout disposed in the first head for excavating earth and sand below the first head, and detachably and removably from the space part from above.
- a second head coaxially arranged and configured to receive an excavated material by the first cutter, and a bottom portion closing a lower end of the cylindrical portion.
- a second head having at least one second cutout disposed on the second head for excavating earth and sand below the second head. The second head further has a cutout formed in the bottom portion for receiving the excavated material from the second cutter into the cylindrical portion.
- the cutter head is rotated around the axis of the main body by a drive while the excavator is being subjected to a downward force by its own weight or a propulsion device, and is thereby attached to the first and second cutters. Drill a vertical hole with the same diameter as the main body.
- the excavated material of the first cutter is moved to the space side of the first head with the rotation of the cutter head and finally received in the cylindrical portion of the second head.
- the excavated material of the second cut head enters the cylindrical portion of the second head through the cutout of the second head as the cut head rotates.
- the second head is lifted to the ground by a crane or other lifting machine and The cuttings are discharged to the ground, then lowered to the bottom of the hole by a lifting machine, and mounted on the first head.
- the second head which is one member of the excavation means, can be detachably attached to the space of the first head, which is another member of the excavation means, from above. Since the excavated material is arranged and received by the cylindrical portion of the second head, it is not necessary to load the excavated material into a bucket or the like at the bottom of the hole.
- the first head or the first cutting edge has a guide for moving the excavated material from the first cutting edge to the side of the space with the rotation of the power cutter head. Is preferred. This ensures that the excavated material from the first cut is received in the cylindrical part of the second head.
- the second head further opens and closes the notch on the upper side of the bottom.
- a lid is provided above the bottom so as to be angularly rotatable about an axis extending horizontally. Thereby, when the second head is moved between the bottom of the hole and the ground, it is possible to prevent the excavated material in the second head from dropping from the notch.
- the first head has a plurality of guide portions having an inclined surface whose upper portion is closer to the space portion than the lower portion at a position on the upper surface center side of a member forming the upper end of the space portion. Is preferred.
- the second head further has a stopper on an outer periphery of an upper end portion of the cylindrical portion, which is in contact with a central portion of the upper surface of the member forming the upper end of the space.
- the stopper comes into contact with the member forming the upper end of the space, so that the second head is moved downward in the space of the first head only in the vertical direction. The positioning of the second head at is performed, and the work of mounting the second head on the first head is facilitated.
- the vertical length of the second head is greater than that of the first head, and the second head is arranged such that the second head is located on the first head. It is preferable to project at least below the first head in the closed state. Thereby, the amount of excavated material that can be stored can be increased without increasing the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the second head.
- the second head further includes an opening formed in the cylindrical portion for receiving the first force and excavated material by the sorter into the cylindrical portion, and an inner surface of the cylindrical portion in the cylindrical portion. It is preferable to have a shutter which is arranged so as to be able to move vertically along the opening and closing the opening. This allows openings to be made during drilling. Open to allow excavated material from the first cutter to be received around the second head tube, and to close the opening during the lifting and lowering of the second head Thereby, the excavated object can be prevented from falling from the opening.
- the first head is a plate-like portion forming a lower surface extending around the space, and a first cutter is arranged on the plate-like portion to excavate lower earth and sand. It is preferable that the plate-shaped portion has a cutout portion for receiving the excavated material by the first force on the upper side, and the opening communicates with a space above the plate-shaped portion. As a result, the excavated material of the first cutter is received in the space above the plate-shaped portion, so that the excavation resistance of the first cutter is small, and the excavated material is received in the space above the plate-shaped portion. Excavation is easy to move towards the second head.
- the cutter head further comprises a third cutter located outside the lower portion of the tubular portion for excavating earth and sand around the second head, and the second head further comprises: It is preferable that a cutout formed at a lower portion of the tubular portion is provided to receive the excavated material by the third cutter into the tubular portion. This excavates the earth and sand around the tubular section of the second head, so that the second head enters the hole formed by the second and third cutters. The attachment and detachment of the cylindrical part is facilitated, and as a result, the work of attaching and detaching the second head to the space of the first head for discharging the excavated material is facilitated.
- the second head further includes a pair of pins provided outside the lower part of the cylindrical portion so as to extend in directions opposite to each other.
- the two pins are placed on a Y-shaped support or the like while the second head is suspended, and the second head is turned over around the two pins.
- the excavated material in the tubular portion can be transferred from the tubular portion to a predetermined site.
- a plurality of the first heads are disposed on the first head at an angular interval around the axis, and the second head further comprises the first head.
- a plurality of shutters that are arranged movably in the vertical direction along the inner surface of the shape and that open and close the opening, and a connecting member that connects the shutters to each other at an upper end.
- the connecting member is lifted, the shirt head is lifted by the weight of the second head with respect to the cylindrical portion to close the opening, whereas the second head is moved to the predetermined position.
- the shutter is lowered by its own weight to open the opening, and the opening and closing operation of the opening is automatic.
- the second head can be attached to and detached from the first head, and the excavation can be stored in the second head.
- a pressing device for pressing the second head downward with respect to the first head, wherein a portion for pressing the second head does not hinder attachment / detachment of the second head to / from the space.
- the position includes a retractable pressing device. This prevents the second head from rising with respect to the first head during excavation, so that the efficiency of excavation by the second force sorter is increased.
- the apparatus further comprises a propulsion mechanism for lowering the main body, wherein the propulsion mechanism is a plurality of jacks spaced around the axis and disposed at an upper portion of the main body. A plurality of jacks for pressing the main body by obtaining a reaction force on the cover.
- the apparatus further includes a propulsion mechanism for lowering the main body, wherein the propulsion mechanism includes a tubular body fitted to an upper part of the main body so as to be relatively displaceable in the direction of the axis.
- the propulsion mechanism includes a tubular body fitted to an upper part of the main body so as to be relatively displaceable in the direction of the axis.
- a plurality of arc-shaped pressing members sequentially arranged in a circumferential direction on an outer periphery of the cylindrical member; and displacing the pressing member in a radial direction of the cylindrical member.
- a plurality of first jacks, and a plurality of second jacks arranged at intervals around the axis, wherein the plurality of first jacks obtain a reaction force on the tubular body and push the main body.
- a second jack is arranged at intervals around the axis, wherein the plurality of first jacks obtain a reaction force on the tubular body and push the main body.
- Each of the first jacks displaces the pressing bodies that are adjacent in the circumferential direction in a direction in which they are close to and separated from each other.
- the main body and the first member are fitted so that they cannot rotate relative to each other around the axis.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a vertical hole excavator of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the cutter head, and is a plan view showing the cutter head with a ring, a force bar, and an upper plate-like portion removed.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a part of a joint portion between the main body and the cutter head.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing another part of the joint between the main body and the cutter head.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the second head, and is a partially cutaway plan view.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the second head shown in FIG. 5, which is partially cut away.
- FIG. 7 is a right side view of the second head shown in FIG. 5, which is partially cut away.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of the second cutout.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an arrangement position of the pressing device.
- FIG. 10 is a front view showing an embodiment of a pressing device.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of the pressing device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a front view showing one embodiment of the ground equipment.
- FIG. 13 is a right side view of the ground equipment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the excavated tree, and is a sectional view showing a state where the pressing body is protruded.
- FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the press rest is retracted in the excavator shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 16—16 in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body and the first jack in the excavator shown in FIG. 14, wherein the first jack is contracted to retreat the pressing body.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 17, showing a state where the first jack is extended and the pressing body is projected.
- FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body and the first jack in the excavator shown in FIG. 14, wherein the first jack is contracted to retract the pressing body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the state where it fell.
- FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body and the second jack in the excavator shown in FIG. 14, wherein the pressing body is retracted and the second jack is contracted.
- FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body and the second jack in the excavator shown in FIG. 14, wherein the pressing body is retracted and the second jack is contracted.
- FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body and the second jack in the excavator shown in FIG. 14, in a state where the pressing body is protruded and the second jack is extended.
- FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body and the second jack in the excavator shown in FIG. 14, in a state where the pressing body is protruded and the second jack is extended.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a detent means for preventing relative rotation between the main body and the cylindrical body in the excavator shown in FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a sectional view taken along the line 23-23 of FIG. 22.
- a vertical excavator 10 is a cylindrical shield body. 1 2, a cutter head 16 rotatably arranged around the axis 14 of the main body 12 at the lower end of the main body 12, and a driving device 1 for rotating the cutter head 1 And 8 inclusive.
- a ring-shaped bottom plate 20 is formed at the lower end of the main body 12 in an inward flange shape by bolts and nuts (not shown). Coaxially connected. On the bottom plate 20, an annular floor 22 is formed.
- the body 12, bottom plate 20 and floor 22 are each divided into a plurality of, preferably three or more members around the axis 14 and Members that are adjacent in the direction are connected separably by bolts and nuts. Thereby, the main body 12, the bottom plate 20 and the floor 22 can be easily transported, and they can be disassembled and removed.
- each of the divided parts of the main body 12 is detachably connected to the two divided parts of the bottom plate 20 and the floor 22 by bolts or nuts. I have.
- each of the divided portions of the bottom plate 20 and the floor 22 is separably connected to the two divided portions of the main body 12 by bolts and nuts or the like. As a result, the joining strength between members that are adjacent in the circumferential direction is increased.
- the cutter head 16 is an annular first head 24 rotatably supported on the lower end of the main body 12 around the axis 14.
- a plurality of first cutters 26 for excavating the earth and sand below the first head, and a space vertically penetrating the center of the first head 24 from above.
- a bucket-shaped second head 28 that is detachably and coaxially arranged, and a plurality of second cutters 30 that excavate earth and sand below the second head.
- a plurality of third cutters 32 for excavating earth and sand around the lower end of the second head.
- the first head 24 includes an upper plate portion 34, a lower plate portion 36, an outer plate portion 38, and an inner plate portion. 4 0.
- the upper plate portion 34, the lower plate portion 36, the outer plate portion 38, and the inner plate portion 40 cooperate to form an annular internal space extending around the axis 14. They are fixed to each other by welding or the like.
- the upper plate portion 34, the lower plate portion 36, the outer plate portion 38, and the inner plate portion 40 may be separably connected by bolts or nuts.
- each of the upper plate portion 34, the lower plate portion 36, the outer plate portion 38, and the inner plate portion 40 also includes a plurality of members corresponding to the divided members of the first head 24. Is formed from.
- the internal space of the first head 24 is divided into a plurality of chambers by a plurality of partition plates 42.
- the lower plate-shaped portion 36 forms a frusto-conical lower surface that is inclined so that the central portion is lower than the peripheral portion, and is spaced around the axis 14 of the main body 12.
- Notches 44 are provided at each of a plurality of locations (in the example shown, two opposing locations).
- the upper edge of each partition plate 42 protrudes above the upper plate portion 34, whereby a plurality of ribs extending in the radial direction are formed on the upper surface of the upper plate portion 34.
- the first head 24 is attached to the lower end of the main body 12 by a support shaft and a bracket. And a plurality of rollers 46 mounted rotatably about an axis parallel to the With the receiving ring 48 and the mounting ring 50 mounted on the ring 48 by bolts, etc., it can rotate on the lower end of the main body 12. Assembled and supported.
- the rollers 46 are arranged at equal intervals on an imaginary circle around the axis 14 of the main body 12, and have a V-shaped groove 46a that is continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface. .
- Rings 48 and 50 extend coaxially with body 12 about axis 14.
- the ring 50 includes an annular engaging portion 50a slidably fitted in the groove 46a of the roller 46, and an outward gear portion 52 provided on the upper side of the engaging portion 50a.
- roller 46 and rings 48 and 50 are protected by cover 54.
- the cover 54 extends annularly along the center edge of the floor 22 and is detachably attached to the center edge of the floor 22 by a plurality of bolts. I have.
- the cover 54 may also be formed by dividing this into a plurality of members around the axis 14 and connecting members adjacent in the circumferential direction in a separable manner by bolts or nuts.
- Each of the first cutters 26 includes a long base member detachably attached to a lower side of the lower plate-shaped portion 36 by a plurality of bolts and the like, and a first base member in the width direction of the base member.
- a plurality of cutter bits mounted on one edge at intervals.
- Each of the first cutters 26 corresponds to the notch 44 of the lower plate-like portion 36, and among the edges forming the corresponding notch 44, the cutter head 1 is formed.
- Rotation direction of 6 (direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2) At the rear edge, the cutting edge of the cutter bit is in front of the cutting head 16 in the rotation direction of the cutout and the notch 4 4 Are arranged so as to overlap a part of the.
- each first cut 26 is received from the corresponding cutout 44 of the lower plate-shaped portion 36 into the internal space of the first head 24. For this reason, it communicates with the lower part of the lower plate-shaped part 36 via the notch part 44 in the internal space.
- the site to be excavated is the room 56 for receiving excavated materials.
- Each chamber 56 communicates with a space for receiving the second head 28 through an opening 58 formed by lacking a part of the inner plate-shaped portion 40. .
- the first head 24 is also used for forcibly moving the excavated material received in the chamber 56 from the opening 58 to the space with the rotation of the cut head 16. 0 is provided in each room 56. However, such an action may be performed by another member such as the base member of the first force cutter 26, or by making the first cutter 26 a plow-shaped cutter. Alternatively, the first cutter 26 may perform the operation.
- the second head 28 includes a cylindrical tubular portion 62 removably received in the space of the first head 24, It has a toe flange 64 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper end of the portion by a screw member or the like, and a bottom portion 66 for closing the lower end of the cylindrical portion 62.
- the cylindrical portion 62 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than a direct portion of the space of the first head 24 and a length in the vertical direction larger than the first head 24. .
- the collar 64 has an outer diameter larger than that of the space in the first head 24. Therefore, when the second head 28 is mounted in the space of the first head 24, the second head 28 is connected to the storage head 64 by the first head 24.
- the cylindrical portion 62 contacts the member (the upper plate-shaped portion 34 in the illustrated example) that forms the space portion 24, and the tubular portion 62 is maintained in a state of protruding downward from the first head 24. As a result, the first head 24 is positioned vertically with respect to the first head 24.
- the cylindrical portion 62 has a plurality of openings 68 formed at equal angular intervals around the axis 14 of the main body 12 at an upper portion so as to receive the excavated material by the first cutter 26.
- the opening 68 is formed at two opposing locations of the cylindrical portion 62, similarly to the cutout 44 and the opening 58 of the first head 24. Has been established.
- a shutter 70 for opening and closing each opening 68 is disposed on the cylindrical portion 62 so as to be movable in the vertical direction along the inner surface of the cylindrical portion.
- Each shutter 70 is restricted from moving in the vertical direction by a pair of guide rails 72 attached inside the cylindrical portion 62.
- Each shutter 70 is prevented from coming out of the cylindrical portion 62 upward by the upper end stopper 74 attached to the upper end of the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 62, and the bottom portion 6 6 As a result, it is prevented from dropping downward from the cylindrical portion 62.
- Each shutter 70 closes the corresponding opening 68 when it is displaced to the first position, which abuts the collar 74, and is in a second position, which abuts the bottom 66. When moved, open the corresponding opening 68.
- Both shutters 70 are connected at their upper ends by a long connecting member 76.
- a long suspending member 78 is connected to the center of the connecting member 76 in the longitudinal direction at one end thereof so as to be pivotable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction.
- the suspension member 78 has a suspension ring 80 on the other end for hooking a lifting machine.
- the bottom 66 has a plurality of cutouts 82 for receiving the excavated material from the second cut 30 into the cylindrical portion 62.
- the notches 82 correspond to the second cutter 30, and are formed at two opposing positions in the example shown in the drawing, and are further formed in the diameter direction of the second head 28. It has an elongated rectangular shape.
- Each second cutter 30 has a plurality of long base members detachably attached by a plurality of bolts and the like below the bottom 66, and a plurality of cutters attached to each base member. And a i-bit.
- the base member of each second cutter 30 is rotated in the direction of rotation of the cutter head 16 (the direction indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 2 and 5) among the edges forming the corresponding cutouts 82.
- Front edge In addition, the cutting edge of the cutting bit is located rearward in the rotational direction of the cutting head 16 and is arranged so as to overlap a part of the cutout portion 82.
- the lower end of the cylindrical portion 62 has a plurality of cutouts 84 for receiving the excavated material from the third cutter 32 into the cylindrical portion 62.
- the notches 84 correspond to the third cutters 32, and are formed at two opposing locations in the example shown in the figure, and further extend in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 62.
- Each of the third cutters 32 includes a cutter bit detachably attached to a lower end portion of the cylindrical portion 62 by a plurality of bolts or the like.
- the cutting bit of each third cutter 32 is attached to the edge of the corresponding notch 84, which is the rear side in the rotation direction of the power head 16 and the cutting bit.
- the cutting edge is located forward of the power head 16 in the rotation direction and overlaps a part of the notch 84.
- the tubular portion 62 also has a stepped portion 86 protruding inward at each of two opposing lower end portions. Part of each notch 84 extends to the step 86, and each third cutter 32 is disposed in the step 86.
- a pin 88 is attached to each step 86 by welding or the like. Both pins 88 project outward from cylindrical portion 62 from the opposing portions.
- the second head 28 also has a lid 90 for opening and closing each cutout of the bottom 66 above the bottom 66.
- Each lid 90 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom part 66 so as to be pivotable about an axis extending horizontally and substantially parallel to the diameter direction of the cylindrical part 62. For this reason, each lid 90 always closes the notch 82 by its own weight. However, when the cutter head 16 is rotated, each lid 90 is pushed up by the excavated material by the second cutter 30, thereby opening the notch 82.
- the bottom 66 is reinforced by diametrically extending ribs 92.
- the rib 92 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom part 66 by welding or the like.
- Bottom 6 to 6 In addition, the fourth cutlet 94 is attached.
- the fourth cutter 94 is placed downward at the center of the lower surface of the bottom 66 so as to excavate earth and sand corresponding to the center of the vertical hole to be constructed.
- the driving device 18 includes a plurality of rotation sources 96 having a reduction gear, and a gear 98 mounted on an output shaft of each rotation source 96.
- the rotation source 96 is mounted on the main body 12 so that the gears 98 are at equal angular intervals around the axis 14 of the main body 12.
- Each gear 98 is combined with a gear portion 52 of a ring 50. Therefore, when the rotation source 96 is rotated, the ring 50 is rotated about the axis 14, and the cut head 16 is rotated about the axis 14.
- the rotation of the rotation source 96 is transmitted to the first head 24 to which the ring 50 is attached via the gear 98 and the gear portion 52.
- a plurality of engagement pieces 100 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the first head 24 are moved to the outer peripheral surface of the second head 28.
- the second head 28 is rotated together with the first head 24 by engaging with the engagement piece 102 provided on the second head.
- the excavator 10 also has a coaxial shape with the main body 12 from the inner peripheral edge of an annular floor 22 mounted coaxially with the bottom plate 20 on the bottom plate 20 of the main body 12. And a flanged ceiling 106 attached to the upper end of the protection cylinder 104.
- the floor 22, the protective cylinder 104 and the ceiling 106 are separably connected by bolts, nuts or the like (not shown). However, the floor 22, the protective cylinder 104 and the ceiling 106 may be connected inseparably by welding or the like.
- the protection cylinder 104 can be formed by a plurality of rod-shaped columns and a wire mesh, an iron plate, or a handrail connected to the columns.
- the ceiling 106 is supported by the column of the protective cylinder 104.
- Ceiling 106 is designed to hold objects falling from above In order to receive the work and to use it as a temporary work floor in an emergency or the like, an iron plate having ribs for reinforcement can be used.
- the space formed by the floor 22, the protective cylinder 104, and the ceiling 106 outside the protective cylinder 104 is for the worker to assemble the segment onto the 108, Can be used as a work space for performing operations such as operating the excavator 10.
- the space inside the protection cylinder 104 can be used as a space for discharging excavated materials.
- the discharge space can also be used as a space for loading and unloading materials to and from the work space.
- the protective cylinder 104 and the ceiling 106 are divided into multiple parts around the axis 14 of the main body 12, and the divided parts can be separated from the adjacent parts It is connected to.
- the protective cylinder 104 and the ceiling 106 need not be divided into a plurality of members.
- the propulsion mechanism for lowering the main body 12 and the cutter head 16 is a plurality of jacks 114 each having the cover 108 as a reaction body.
- the jacks 114 are arranged on the inner surface of the main body 12 at angular intervals around the axis of the main body 12.
- Each of the jacks 114 is assembled to the main body 12 such that the cylinder contacts the upper surface of the bottom plate 20 and the piston rod contacts the lower surface of the cover 108.
- Each jack 1 1 4 can also be used to correct the direction of excavation. Correction of the drilling direction is the same as for a normal shielded tunnel excavator. This can be done by the following method.
- the thrust of each jack 114 is transmitted to the cutter head 16 via the main body 12, the roller 46, the rings 48, 50, and the like.
- the excavator 10 also includes a plurality of pressing devices 1 16 that press the second head 28 downward against the first head 24.
- a plurality of pressing devices 1 16 that press the second head 28 downward against the first head 24.
- three pressing devices 1 16 are arranged at equal angular intervals around the axis 14.
- each pressing device 1 16 is detachably attached to the stand 1 18 fixed to the cover 54 by a plurality of bolts.
- Bracket 120 attached to the bracket 120 at one end so as to be pivotable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction, and an axis extending in the horizontal direction as the center.
- the arm 124 connected at one end to the bracket 120 so as to be pivotally movable and connected to the jack 122 at the other end so as to be pivotable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction.
- a roller 126 supported below the arm 124 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction.
- each jack 122 may be a force, screw jack that is a hydraulically or pneumatically operated jack. Jack 1
- the pivot connecting roller 126 to arm 124 extends parallel to each other.
- the distance from the connection point between jack 12 and arm 124 to the connection point between bracket 120 and jack 122 is It is longer than the distance from the connection point between jack 1 2 2 and arm 1 2 4 to the connection point between bracket 1 2 0 and arm 1 2 4.
- the pressing devices 1 16 contact the upper end surface of the cylindrical portion 62 of the second head 28 when the jacks 122 are extended.
- the jack 122 is contracted, the jack 122, the arm 124 and the roller 126 are moved into the space of the first head 24 when the jack 122 is contracted.
- the second head 28 is attached to the force bar 54 so as to be retracted to a position where the second head 28 does not hinder attachment and detachment.
- the jacks 1 What is necessary is just to arrange
- a portal crane 128 is installed on the ground.
- the crane 1 28 includes a tower 1 29 installed on the ground, and a lifting machine 130 supported by the tower so as to be movable in the horizontal direction.
- the lifting machine 130 is a machine for raising and lowering the segment for the cover 108, the second head 28, and the like. For example, a powered winch can be used.
- the shutter 70 of the second head 28 is moved downward by its own weight. Therefore, the opening ⁇ 68 of the second head 28 is open.
- the second head 28 has its flange 64 abutting on the first head 24, and the height of the opening ⁇ 68 of the second head 28 is the first head. It is maintained in a state substantially matching that of the opening 58 of the head 24.
- the rotation source 96 of the driving device 18 is rotated while all the propulsion jacks 114 are extended in synchronization. This causes the gear 98 to rotate, so that the ring 50 is rotated about the axis of the body 12 and the first head 24 is rotated about the axis 14 relative to the body 12. You.
- the first head 24 rotates until the engagement piece 100 of the head 24 engages with the engagement piece 102 of the second head 28.
- the opening 68 of the second head 28 is aligned with the opening 58 of the first head 24 and the second head Head 28 is rotated with first head 24.
- the first head 24 While the cutter head 16 is rotating, the first head 24 is moved by the jack 11 14 for the weight and propulsion of the excavator 10 to the first head 24. Is pressed by the lower soil, the lower soil of the first head 24 is excavated by the first cutter 26.
- the excavated material from the first cutter 26 enters the room 56 from the opening 58 of the first head 24 with the rotation of the first head 24, and then the guide 6 0 forcibly moves toward opening 68.
- the excavated material in the chamber 56 is pushed into the cylindrical portion 62 from the opening ⁇ 58 of the first head 24 through the opening 68 of the second head 28. It is. For this reason, excavated materials by the first cutter 26 can be collected in the second head 28 without manual operation.
- second head 28 is driven by propulsion jacks 114 and pressing jacks 122 to form a second head. Since it is pressed by the earth and sand below the head 28, the earth and sand below the second head 28 is excavated by the second cutter 30. With the rotation of the second head 28, the excavated material of the second cutter 30 pushes the lid 90 up, and moves the notch 8 2 of the second head 28 to the cylindrical portion 62. Get into it.
- the earth and sand around the lower end of the second head 28 is excavated by the third power cutter 32.
- the excavated material by the third cutter 32 enters the cylindrical portion 62 from the cutout portion 84 of the second head 28 as the second head 28 rotates. Thereby, the frictional force acting on the outer peripheral surface of the second head 28 during excavation is reduced.
- the earth and sand at the center of the lower surface of the second head 28 is excavated by the fourth cutter 94.
- the excavated material of the fourth cutter 94, together with the excavated material of the second cutter 30 along with the rotation of the second head 28, is cut out of the second head 28. From 8 4, go into the cylindrical part 6 2. This can prevent the excavation direction from changing.
- the excavation work is temporarily stopped by first stopping the driving device 18.
- the entirety of the pressing device 116 is retracted from the moving path of the second head 28 by contracting the pressing jack 122.
- the hook of the lifting machine 130 is hooked on the ring 80 of the second head 28, and the second head 28 is lifted by the lifting machine 130.
- the second head 28 receives the pin 88 provided at the lower part of the lower end of the cylindrical portion 62 on the Y-shaped head of the column 134, and gradually lifts and lowers in this state. It is. Since the weight of the portion above the pin 88 of the second head 28 is larger than the weight of the portion below the pin 88, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is gradually rotated around the pin 88 so that the bottom 66 is at the top. At this time, the stopper ⁇ ° 13 6 attached to the column 13 4 is moved so that the upper part of the second head 28 faces the driver's seat side of the dump truck 13 2. Prevents head 2 of 2 from rotating.
- the excavated material in the second head 28 is discharged to the dump truck 1332 with the rotation of the second head 28 around the pin 88. .
- the second head 28 is suspended in the vertical hole by the lifting machine 130, and is mounted in the space of the first head 24.
- the excavator 10 has a plurality, preferably three or more, of the guides 1 38 formed in the first head 24.
- the guide portion 13 8 is provided around the axis 14 of the main body 12 at a position on the center side of the upper surface of the upper plate portion 34, and the upper portion is located on the center side from the lower portion, that is, the inner side. It has an inward guide surface, that is, an inclined surface.
- the cylindrical portion 62 is lowered with its lower end in contact with the inclined surface of the guide portion 138.
- the second head 28 is displaced slightly with respect to the first head 24.
- the second head 28 can be lowered only by lowering the second head 28.
- the first head 24 can be attached to the space of the first head 24.
- the earth and sand around the cylindrical portion of the second head 28 becomes extra due to the third cutter 32.
- the cylindrical portion 62 of the second head 28 is easily attached to and detached from the hole formed by the second and third cuts 30 and 32, As a result, the work of attaching and detaching the second head 28 to the space of the first head 24 for discharging the excavated material becomes easy.
- the jack 122 of the pressing device 116 is extended again, and the second head 288 is moved.
- the first head 24 is forcibly pressed down by the pressing device 116. This As a result, while the second head 28 is being removed from the space of the first head 24, the excavated material in the chamber 56 of the first head 24 is removed. Even if a part falls into the space of the first head 24, the second head 28 is attached to the first head 24 in a predetermined state.
- the excavation work is resumed.
- the excavation work is temporarily stopped, and the assembling work of the segment to the cover 108 is performed. This work is performed in a state where the predetermined jacks 114 are contracted.
- the excavation work is resumed.
- the work of assembling the segment to the cover 108 and the excavation work are performed in parallel.
- the assembling work may be performed in parallel with the excavation work.
- the drive unit 18 When correcting the forward direction of the excavator 10, the drive unit 18 is driven while at least one jack 114 is extended. As a result, the forward direction of the excavator 10 with respect to the vertical line is gradually corrected. When at least one jack 1 14 has been extended by a predetermined amount, the direction of advance of the excavator 10 is corrected in the correct direction with respect to the vertical. Therefore, after that, the driving device 18 is driven while all the jacks 114 are extended at the same speed in synchronization.
- the main body 12, cutter head 16, floor 22, protective cylinder 104, and ceiling 106 are disassembled into multiple parts and then spread on the ground. Removed and used to drill the next vertical hole.
- the vertical dimension of the second head is greater than that of the first head, and the second head is at least the first head. Since the projecting portion projects further downward, the amount of excavated material that can be stored can be increased without increasing the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the second head. However, the length of the second head in the vertical direction need not be larger than that of the first head.
- the excavated material by the first cut-off plate 26 is received in the space above the lower plate-shaped portion 36, so that the excavation resistance by the first cut-off plate 26 is small, and Excavated matter received in the space above the lower plate-shaped portion 36 is easy to move toward the second head 28.
- a head having a plurality of arms extending in the radial direction from the inner plate-like portion may be used as the first head, and the first cutout 26 may be attached to one or more arms.
- the main body is formed by advancing, that is, pushing down, a pipe placed at the excavation site.
- a primary pushing mechanism for moving the cylinder 12 forward with the cutter head 16 may be used.
- a plurality of rollers 46 having V-shaped grooves 46 a are attached to the cut head 16, and a ring 50 having an annular engaging portion 50 a that engages the groove 46 a. May be attached to the main body 12.
- a ring 50 having an annular engaging portion 50 a that engages the groove 46 a.
- other means such as using a plurality of bearings other than the roller 46 and the ring 50 may be used. Good.
- the excavator 200 for vertical holes shown in FIGS. 14 to 23 is different from the excavator 10 shown in FIG. 1 in that the main body 202 is lowered by a propulsion mechanism that obtains a reaction force on the ground. Different.
- the body 202 is in the form of a short tube.
- the propulsion mechanism used in the excavator 200 includes a cylindrical body 204 fitted to the upper outside of the main body 202.
- the main body 202 and the cylindrical body 204 can be relatively displaced in the direction of the axis 14 by one or more detent means, but cannot rotate around the axis 14. Noh is assembled.
- An example of such a detent means is shown in FIGS. 22 and 23.
- the detent means extends vertically in a groove 206 formed inside the lower end of the cylindrical body 204 so as to extend in the vertical direction.
- a protrusion 208 formed on the upper outside of the main body 202 as described above, and the groove 206 and the protrusion 208 are fitted.
- the tubular body 204 is formed by a plurality of divided members divided in the circumferential direction of the tubular body. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the circumferentially adjacent divided members are separably connected by a plurality of bolts 210 and nuts 21.
- the tubular body 204 has concave portions 214 opened on the outer peripheral side at a plurality of locations on the lower outer periphery.
- Each recess 2 14 extends in the circumferential direction slightly above the height position of the groove 206, and the recesses 2 14 adjacent in the circumferential direction are adjacent to the cylindrical body 204. It is separated by the connecting part of the dividing member.
- a pressing body 2 16 for reaction force is arranged in each recess 2 14.
- Each pressing body 2 16 is curved so as to fit the corresponding recess 2 14.
- the circumferentially adjacent pressing bodies 216 are formed by a plurality of reaction force jacks, i.e., first jacks 218 whose circumferential ends are spaced upward and downward. It is relatively displaced further away from each other.
- Each of the first jacks 218 is a hydraulic jack like a hydraulic jack, and has a plate-shaped connecting member 220 as shown in FIGS.
- the cylinder is connected to the end of one of the pressing members 216, and the piston rod is connected to the end of the other pressing member 216.
- Each connecting member 220 is connected to the cylindrical member 204 from the circumferential end of the corresponding pressing member 211 through a cutout 222 (see FIGS. 17 to 19) of the cylindrical member 204. It extends inside the body 204.
- Each connecting member 2 20 and the pressing body 2 16 are integrated Connected by welding or by welding.
- the plurality of first jacks 218 and the connecting members 220 displace the same pressing body 216 are connected to a common pivot 2 to synchronize the expansion and contraction of the first jack 218. It is connected so that it can be pivoted by 28.
- the main body 202 and the cylindrical body 204 are connected to each other at a plurality of positions around the axis 14 by a propulsion jack, that is, a second jack 222.
- Each jack 224 has a cylinder connected to the bottom plate 20 and a piston port connected to the cylindrical body 204.
- the cutter head 16 is extended while the second jacks 224 are extended while the first jacks 218 are extended. Rotate. This excavates the ground.
- the propulsion reaction force caused by the extension of the second jack 224 is transmitted to the surrounding ground via the cylindrical body 204, the first jack 218 and the pressing body 216.
- the rotational reaction force caused by the rotation of the cutter head 16 is such that the protrusion 208, the groove 206, the cylindrical body 204, the first jack 218 and the pressing body 216 Through the surrounding ground.
- Each second jack 2 2 4 is fully extended as shown in FIG. Then, each of the first jacks 218 is contracted, so that each pressing body 216 is separated from the surrounding ground. In this state, each second jack is contracted. Thereby, the cylindrical body 204 is pulled down.
- the cutter head 16 is rotated while the second jacks 224 are extended.
- the step of excavating the ground and the contraction of each of the second jacks 224 in a state where each of the first jacks 218 are contracted form the cylindrical body 204.
- the step of lowering is repeated a predetermined number of times. While such a process is repeated, the cover 226 is sequentially arranged above the tubular body 204.
- a pair of adjacent pressing bodies are displaced by the plurality of first jacks arranged in parallel at intervals in the vertical direction.
- a small jack can be used, and the space inside the excavator can be used effectively.
- a pair of adjacent pressing members may be displaced by one first jack.
- Means for displacing the pressing body 216 in the radial direction of the cylindrical body includes not only jacks for moving the adjacent pressing bodies 216 in directions in which they are close to each other but also directly in the radial direction. Means for displacing may be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR9508628A BR9508628A (pt) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-23 | Máquina de escavação de orifício vertical |
KR1019960706262A KR100208546B1 (ko) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-23 | 세로 구멍용 굴착기 |
EP95929213A EP0777032A4 (en) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-23 | DIGGING MACHINE FOR VERTICAL DRILL HOLES |
US08/750,334 US5797202A (en) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-23 | Vertical hole excavating machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP22267994 | 1994-08-25 | ||
JP6/222679 | 1994-08-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996006262A1 true WO1996006262A1 (fr) | 1996-02-29 |
Family
ID=16786229
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1995/001671 WO1996006262A1 (fr) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-23 | Excavateur pour forages verticaux |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5797202A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0777032A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100208546B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1052291C (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9508628A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW294741B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996006262A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9425138D0 (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1995-02-08 | Dynal As | Isolation of nucleic acid |
AU2862100A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-18 | Folim G. Halaka | Materials and methods for the purification of polyelectrolytes |
GB0107891D0 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2001-05-23 | Cementation Found Skanska Ltd | Rotary pile boring tools |
AU2003202026A1 (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2003-09-02 | Dynal Biotech Asa | Method for isolating nucleic acids and protein from a single sample |
EP1630301B1 (de) * | 2004-08-12 | 2007-10-17 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bodenbearbeitung |
AU2010348358A1 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2012-10-11 | Vermeer Manufacturing Company | Drilling apparatus with shutter |
US9039330B1 (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2015-05-26 | LLAJ, Inc. | Pipe boring shield |
US8615906B2 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-12-31 | Pengo Corporation | Drilling bucket |
CN102877849B (zh) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-11-19 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | 新型竖井钻机刀具结构 |
CN103924977B (zh) * | 2014-02-27 | 2016-01-06 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | 中心立柱全断面竖井钻机 |
CN105649632A (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-08 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | 竖井掘进机及其刀头组件 |
EP3436664B1 (de) * | 2016-04-01 | 2020-02-12 | NK Trading and Engineering GmbH | Bohrverfahren und schachtbohrsystem |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0115750Y2 (ja) * | 1984-05-24 | 1989-05-10 | ||
JPH0443558B2 (ja) * | 1986-06-19 | 1992-07-16 | Katsumi Kitanaka | |
JPH04202995A (ja) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-23 | Keiichi Nishio | ケリーボックス取付台補強式アースドリル |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1999115A (en) * | 1933-12-28 | 1935-04-23 | Edward T Shinn | Foundation boring machine |
US2798707A (en) * | 1953-06-18 | 1957-07-09 | Charles W Kandle | Rotary type tunneling machine |
US2756037A (en) * | 1953-12-21 | 1956-07-24 | Max B Kirkpatrick | Mining machines having oppositely rotating boring heads |
US2873950A (en) * | 1954-01-25 | 1959-02-17 | Charles W Kandle | Spring loaded earth drill |
US2864600A (en) * | 1955-08-08 | 1958-12-16 | Max B Kirkpatrick | Mining machine |
US3041057A (en) * | 1958-12-08 | 1962-06-26 | William S Pearson | Drossing system for galvanizing kettles |
US3480327A (en) * | 1965-02-19 | 1969-11-25 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | Excavation type shield with concentric rotary cutter barrels |
US3413033A (en) * | 1966-09-09 | 1968-11-26 | Smith Ind International Inc | Rotary tunneling machine having improved debris disposal means |
US3779322A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1973-12-18 | Milwaukee Boiler Manuf Co | Machine for sinking vertical shafts |
JPH0820752B2 (ja) * | 1987-07-10 | 1996-03-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | 加熱定着方法 |
JPH0718316B2 (ja) * | 1988-06-22 | 1995-03-01 | 株式会社イセキ開発工機 | 穿孔方法および装置 |
JPH0443558A (ja) * | 1990-06-11 | 1992-02-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用正極板の製造方法 |
US5470132A (en) * | 1994-07-27 | 1995-11-28 | Cartwright; Dewight L. | Tunnelling head and method |
-
1995
- 1995-08-23 CN CN95193877A patent/CN1052291C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-23 BR BR9508628A patent/BR9508628A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-23 WO PCT/JP1995/001671 patent/WO1996006262A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-23 EP EP95929213A patent/EP0777032A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-08-23 KR KR1019960706262A patent/KR100208546B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-23 US US08/750,334 patent/US5797202A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-26 TW TW084111278A patent/TW294741B/zh active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0115750Y2 (ja) * | 1984-05-24 | 1989-05-10 | ||
JPH0443558B2 (ja) * | 1986-06-19 | 1992-07-16 | Katsumi Kitanaka | |
JPH04202995A (ja) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-23 | Keiichi Nishio | ケリーボックス取付台補強式アースドリル |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0777032A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0777032A1 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
US5797202A (en) | 1998-08-25 |
TW294741B (ja) | 1997-01-01 |
BR9508628A (pt) | 1998-06-02 |
CN1151782A (zh) | 1997-06-11 |
CN1052291C (zh) | 2000-05-10 |
EP0777032A4 (en) | 1999-12-22 |
KR100208546B1 (ko) | 1999-07-15 |
KR970702957A (ko) | 1997-06-10 |
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