Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
  • C09C1/02—Compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium
  • C09C1/021—Calcium carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
  • C09C3/006—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C3/04 - C09C3/12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
  • C09C3/06—Treatment with inorganic compounds
  • C09C3/063—Coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
  • C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
  • C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
  • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
  • D21H17/69—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments modified, e.g. by association with other compositions prior to incorporation in the pulp or paper
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
  • C01P2006/12—Surface area

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition and a method for using that composition to improve the papermaking process and the quality of the paper products produced therefrom. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of sizing agents. Even more specifically, the present invention relates to surface treated inorganic filler materials that are particularly suitable in papermaking processes where sizing and other properties, such as, strength and optical performance are important.
• Sizing agents are typically used in the papermaking process in order to slow down or resist the passage of liquids through the paper.
• Sizing agents are generally used in the papermaking process as either internal sizing agents or surface treating sizing agents.
• An internal sizing agent is added to the wet-end of the papermaking process, while surface sizing agents are added at the size press and effect the surface sizing properties of the sheet.
• surface sizing agents are added at the size press and effect the surface sizing properties of the sheet.
• cellulose reactive type sizing agents excessive amounts of the sizing agent were required to control sizing.
• Two synthetic sizes presently in use are alkyl ketene di er (AKD) and alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) .
• Inorganic base fillers such as, for example, clay, titanium dioxide, and calcium carbonate are known to have a detrimental effect on sizing. Filler and fines present in the wet-end papermaking process, absorb the sizing agent, thus rendering it ineffective in controlling sizing.
• German Patent Application 2,316,097 discloses a filler for use in papermaking comprising a calcium carbonate coated with an anionic synthetic polymer resin such that the coated filler has a "O" (zero) charge.
• the coated filler is suggested to minimize the loss of strength normally seen due to using filler in papermaking.
• the preferred anionic resins are water based polymers, such as, for example styrene-butadiene copolymer.
• U.S. Pat. No. 4,610,801 teaches the preparation of a mineral slurry that remains pumpable by adding cationic materials to the mineral slurry such that the treated slurry does not settle or exceed a viscosity of 500 c.p.s.m., and upon dilution, exerts a flocculative action.
• the treated slurry is alleged to be useful as a coagulant in sewage disposal or papermaking.
• 5,147,507 discloses a method for improving papermaking by, reducing the sizing required, maintaining the sizing content over time, improving the handling properties of a formed web by adding to a papermaking furnish from about 5 to about 50 weight percent of a filler material which has been surface treated with from about 0.1 to about 10.0 weight percent of a cationic polymer which has been made cationic by treating with at least one polyamino-amide and a polyamine polymer which have been reacted with an epoxidized halohydrin compound to form tertiary and quaternary a ine groups on the cationic polymer.
• an inorganic filler composition and a method for the use thereof wherein the inorganic filler has been pre-treated with an anionic treating agent and a cationic polymer to produce a dual treated inorganic filler that is particularly useful in papermaking processes where sizing, strength and optical performance is important.
• a dual treated inorganic filler such as for example, calcium carbonate, either ground limestone or synthetically produced as precipitated calcium carbonate.
• the dual treated inorganic filler is particularly useful in a papermaking process where sizing, strength and optical performance are important.
• Another aspect of the invention provides a method for producing a dual treated inorganic filler by surface treating the inorganic filler with first an anionic chemical agent and then, a cationic polymer.
• a dual surface treated inorganic filler of the present invention is subsequently used in a papermaking process, sizing properties are improved without adversely affecting strength, and optical performance.
• Anionic Chemical Agents found to be effective for first treating the inorganic filler are selected from the group consisting of glassy sodium phosphates, carboxymethyl cellulose, silicates, polyacrylates, sodium polyacrylic acid or other inorganic or organic dispersing agents.
• Glassy sodium phosphates include, but are not limited to, sodium tetraphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and amido long chain polyphosphate. From these, tetrasodium phosphate is preferred.
• a suitable polyacrylate is manufactured by Rhone-Poulenc, Marietta, Georgia, under the trade name of Collids-211.
• the glassy sodium phosphates are preferred and tetrasodium phosphate is especially preferred.
• the level of anionic chemical agent required to improve the optical and physical performance of paper made according to the present invention is from about 0.01 weight percent to about 1.0 weight percent based on the weight of the inorganic filler.
• the preferred level of anionic chemical agent is from about 0.1 weight percent to about 0.5 weight percent.
• the second component necessary to produce the dual treated inorganic filler of the present invention is a cationic polymer.
• R is a hydrocarbon group selected from the group consisting of alkyl with at least 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl with at least 6 carbon atoms, aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl.
• Specific dimers are octyl-, decyl-, dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, hexadecyl-, octadecyl-, eikosyl-, dokosyl-, tetrakosyl-, phenyl, benzyl-beta-naphthyl-, and cyclohexyl- dimer.
• dimers produced from mining acids naphthenic acid, delta-9, 10-decylenic acid, palmitoline acid, oleic acid, ricine oleic acid, linoleate, linoleic acid, olestearic acid and the like, as well as dimers manufactured from natural fatty acid mixtures, such as are obtained from coconut oil, babassu oil, palm seed oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rape seed oil, beef suet and lard, and the like, including mixtures of the above.
• the polymer is made cationic by treating the dimer with a polyamino-amide and/or polyamine polymer reacted with an epoxidized halohydrin compound, such as epichlorohydrin, thereby forming tertiary and quaternary amine groups on the dimer surface. It is preferred that the cationic charge on the dimer be derived primarily from quaternary amine groups.
• a suitable polymer of this type is manufactured by Hercules, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware, under the tradename Hercon.
• Inorganic Base Fillers Inorganic fillers suitable for use in the present invention are selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, either ground natural limestone or synthetically produced as precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) , titanium dioxide, talc and silica/silicate fillers.
• PCC precipitated calcium carbonate
• the above mentioned fillers if used untreated, have a detrimental effect on sizing, but when treated with first an anionic treating agent and then a cationic polymer material according to the present invention become readily utilizable and in fact improve the papermaking process and the resulting paper product.
• the inorganic filler is first treated an anionic chemical agent and then, a cationic polymer in order to produce the dual surfaced treated inorganic filler of the present invention.
• the anionic and cationic treating agents are typically added to a slurry containing the inorganic filler by any means known in the art.
• the anionic chemical agent may be added in wet or dry form, while the cationic treating agent are typically added in solution form.
• One effective means of surface treating the filler is by adding the treating agents while agitating the slurry, at room temperature of 25 degrees Centigrade.
• HST HST Test to measure penetration of liquid through the handsheets.
• HST is the test method used to determine the degree of sizing of paper in the instant invention. The test was performed on a Hercules sizing tester model KA or KC and the test method employed is TAPPI Method T-530 PM-89 (revised 1989) .
• a CaC0 3 slurry at 17.5% solids and pH of 8.0 was treated with the below described cationic or anionic and cationic materials. Treatment levels are calculated on a dry weight basis of the calcium carbonate present (dry wt. % based on the filler) .
• the anionic treating agent was added to the calcium carbonate slurry. After stirring five minutes the cationic material was added and stirring continued another five minutes.
• Turbulent-pulse former handsheets (74g/m 2 ) were prepared from a furnish of 75% bleached hardwood and 25% bleached softwood kraft pulps beaten to 400 Canadian standard freeness (CSF) at pH 7.0 in distilled water. Shear speed on the turbulent-pulse former was set at 1250 RPM utilizing a pulp furnish having a consistency of 0.12 percent. Hercon-85, a synthetic sizing agent (alkyl ketene dimer) was added to the pulp at levels of from 0.25 to 0.75 percent. The filler was added to the furnish to achieve a filler content range of from about 15 to about 25 percent in the finished sheets.
• a high molecular weight anionic polyacrylamide retention aid (accurac-171) was added in an amount corresponding to 0.05 percent. Distilled water was used throughout the process of preparing the handsheets. The sheets were pressed using one nip at a pressure of 25 P.S.I. and dried on a rotating chrome-plated drum at a temperature of 125° Centigrade. All sheets were conditioned at 50% R.H., and 23°C.
• the sizing values obtained on sheets filled with anionic/cationic dual treatment CaCO ⁇ were found to improve sizing to exceed the values obtained on sheets produced using a single cationic treatment.
• EXAMPLE II In the same manner as described in Example I. a CaC0 3 slurry at approximately 17- 18% solids and pH -8 was treated with the materials mentioned below (treatment levels calculated based on dry weight) allowing 5 minutes of mixing time for each addition. Paper handsheets were then produced using the resulting surface-treated CaC0 3 slurries with target filler levels of 16% and 24% and target dry sheet weights of 0.6g (74 g/ ⁇ r) .
• EXAMPLE III In the same manner as described in Example I, a CaC0 slurry at approximately 17- 18% solids and pH -8 was treated with the materials mentioned below (treatment levels calculated based on dry weight) allowing 5 minutes of mixing time for each addition. Paper handsheets were then produced using the resulting surface-treated CaC0 3 slurries following 2 days and again after 10 days of filler storage. Target filler level was 16% and target bone dry sheet weights were 0.6g (74 g/m 2 ) .
• CaC0 3 were found to exceed the values obtained on sheets produced using a single cationic treatment after both 2 days and 10 days of filler storage time. Moreover, the dual treatment showed less sizing loss (lower % HST reduction) than the single treatment.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

Priority Applications (12)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (17)

Cited By (9)

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Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1995
  • 1995-05-14 IL IL11372195A patent/IL113721A/xx active IP Right Grant
  • 1995-05-16 EP EP95918439A patent/EP0797704A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-05-16 RU RU96124086A patent/RU2138592C1/ru active
  • 1995-05-16 CA CA002190827A patent/CA2190827A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-05-16 HU HU9603207A patent/HUT77823A/hu unknown
  • 1995-05-16 JP JP7530347A patent/JPH10505883A/ja active Pending
  • 1995-05-16 FI FI964626A patent/FI964626A7/fi unknown
  • 1995-05-16 CN CN95193166A patent/CN1148877A/zh active Pending
  • 1995-05-16 PL PL95317223A patent/PL317223A1/xx unknown
  • 1995-05-16 WO PCT/US1995/006013 patent/WO1995032335A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-05-16 BR BR9507737A patent/BR9507737A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-05-16 NZ NZ285321A patent/NZ285321A/en unknown
  • 1995-05-16 AU AU24384/95A patent/AU702265B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1995-05-16 CZ CZ963360A patent/CZ336096A3/cs unknown
  • 1995-05-16 SK SK1473-96A patent/SK147396A3/sk unknown
  • 1995-06-15 TW TW084106138A patent/TW279186B/zh active
• 1996
  • 1996-11-08 NO NO964740A patent/NO964740L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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