Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
  • B23B31/02—Chucks
  • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
  • B23B31/113—Retention by bayonet connection
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
  • B23B31/02—Chucks
  • B23B31/026—Chucks the radial or angular position of the tool being adjustable
  • B23B31/0261—Chucks the radial or angular position of the tool being adjustable for centering the tool
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
  • B23B31/02—Chucks
  • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
  • B23B31/107—Retention by laterally-acting detents, e.g. pins, screws, wedges; Retention by loose elements, e.g. balls
  • B23B31/1071—Retention by balls
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
  • Y10T279/26—Chucks or sockets with centering means
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
  • Y10T409/30—Milling
  • Y10T409/309352—Cutter spindle or spindle support
  • Y10T409/309408—Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder
  • Y10T409/309464—Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder and draw bar
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
  • Y10T409/30—Milling
  • Y10T409/30952—Milling with cutter holder
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T82/00—Turning
  • Y10T82/25—Lathe
  • Y10T82/2585—Tool rest
  • Y10T82/2589—Quick release tool or holder clamp

Definitions

• the invention relates to a fixing mechanism for a tool for treatment of a material, such as machining, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a combination of a tool, its frame and tool holder in the frame of a ma ⁇ chine tool.
• the fixing mechanism according to the invention can be applied in a wide range of technology, including machining by chipping, such as milling, reaming, drilling, turning, etc. of wood, plastics, metal, etc. as the material for machining.
• the fixing mechanism can be used in vari ⁇ ous types of robot applications for production, in the exchange of grip- pers or the like in other automatic devices, such as apparatus for transfer and treatment of pieces, in pneumatic tools, etc., wherein ex ⁇ change of tools required for different kinds of operations is necessary for carrying out various operations.
• the above fixing mechanism for a tool is particularly advanta- geous for use in cutting, punching, moulding and forming work, particu ⁇ larly in machining of metal sheet in so-called sheet machining centres.
• the direction of fixing a tool is a linear move ⁇ ment whereby the machining or forming blade edge directs the machin ⁇ ing force to the sheet, usually in a direction perpendicular to the main direction of the sheet, the sheet being placed between the tool and its counterpart, i.e. a cushion.
• the tool-fixing mechanism according to the invention can be used for fixing both the actual machining tool and its counterpart, i.e. the so-called cushion, to the tool holder in the frame of the machine tool.
• conic fit i.e. a Morse conic fit
• the conic fit has the disadvantage that the connecting surfaces very easily tend to be clamped too much against each other, particularly under effect of axial forces.
• many systems presently in use comprise special release mechanisms for releasing clamped conic surfaces in connection with the exchange of a tool.
• the costs of fixing mechanisms required by tool settings will be raised; also, the mechanisms are relatively complex and therefore subject to disturbances during the actual machining operation and particularly during the exchange of a tool.
• the tool-fixing mechanism of the invention is pri- marily characterized in that at least one of the connecting surfaces in the tool frame and in the tool holder in the frame of the machining tool, extending mainly in the mounting direction, is shaped as a curved sur ⁇ face and that the first contact surface in connection with the tool frame and the second contact surface in the tool holder are adjusted to be placed against each other in the operational position of the fixing mechanism, in order to transmit machining force between the tool frame and the tool holder.
• the tool and its frame can be placed in the tool holder by a very simple movement defined by the curved surface, wherein the connecting surfaces are placed substan ⁇ tially against each other and the contact surfaces, extending in a direc ⁇ tion substantially perpendicular to the mounting direction, in the final mounting phase transmit the machining force in the mounting direction between the tool, the tool frame and the tool holder and/or transmit the machining force by means of a frictional contact in a direction substan ⁇ tially perpendicular to the mounting direction.
• Fig. 1a shows parts of the tool according to the first embodiment, separate in a cross-sectional view in the mounting direction at the beginning of fixing the tool,
• Fig. 1 b is a cross-sectional view in the mounting direction, showing the stage of mounting the tool and its frame in connection with the tool holder in the frame of the machine tool,
• Fig. 1c is also a cross-sectional view in the mounting direction, showing the tool, the tool frame, and the tool holder in the frame of the machine tool in the functional position of the fixing mechanism,
• Fig. 1d shows the stage of releasing the tool and the tool frame in the above-mentioned sectional view
• Figs. 2a — d show another embodiment of the fixing mechanism, cor ⁇ responding to the stages shown in Figs. 1 — , and
• Figs. 3a — c show essential stages of Figs. 1 — d of a third embodiment of the invention.
• the fixing mechanism comprises as main parts a tool 1 , a tool frame 2 for fixing the tool 1 , as well as a bushing- like tool holder 3 and clamps 3a.
• the tool 1 is a cushion or the like, used as a counterpart for a cutting, punching, moulding or forming blade.
• a connecting element 4 in the tool frame 2 is an inlay with a cylindrical shape. It comprises a first connecting surface 5 extending substantially in the mounting direction and being a straight line in the mounting di- rection (arrow A), and further a first contact surface 6, i.e. a bottom surface, joining the first connecting surface and being substantially per ⁇ pendicular to the mounting direction.
• the first contact surface 6 is in a ring-like flange part extending from the first connecting surface 5, from its end facing the bottom of the connecting element 4, towards the centre line K of the fixing mechanism, wherein, as shown in Figure 3, the central openings KR 2 and KR 3 of both the tool frame 2 and the holder 3 are equal in size and concentric, making any movements of additional parts possible inside the holder 3, in the mounting direction.
• the curvilinear connecting surface is a second connecting sur- face 7 in connection with the tool holder 3, extending from a ring-like second contact surface, i.e. a front surface, in a direction perpendicular to the mounting direction A and forming part of the outer surface of the tool holder 3, preferably in the mounting direction.
• the tool frame 2 is arranged to surround the second connecting surface 7 in the end of the tool holder 3, the first 6 and sec ⁇ ond 8 contact surfaces being against each other.
• the curvilinear surface i.e. the second connecting surface 7
• the dis- tance between the radius of curvature r of the curvilinear surface and the centre k located on the centre line K of the tool holder 3 in the mounting direction and the contact surface, i.e. in the present embodi ⁇ ment the second contact surface 8 fulfils the formula:
• r the radius of curvature
• D the radius of the second contact surface 8 perpendicular to the mounting direction A
• d the distance between the centre of the radius of curvature and the second contact surface in the mounting direction A.
• d the distance between the centre of the radius of curvature and the second contact surface 8 in the mounting direc ⁇ tion A.
• both the cross-sectional form of the tool holder 3 at least by the second connecting surface 7 and the cross-sectional form of the connecting element 4 in the tool frame 2 in a direction perpen ⁇ dicular to the mounting direction A is a circular form.
• the used fit ⁇ can be a clearance fit, an interference fit or a pinch fit according to the use of the tool.
• Figure 1 b shows the mounting of the tool and its frame 1 , 2 in the tool holder 3, wherein the tool frame 2 is moved in an inclined position in relation to the mounting direction A, one edge of the tool holder 3 passing the second connecting surface 7 and drawing the tool frame 2 towards the tool holder 3 by means of clamps 3a fixed in connection with the frame 2 (e.g. groove-nose joint 10a, 10b).
• the rod-like clamps 3a are thus brought to pass the contact surface 8 in order to fix the groove-nose joint 10a, 10b (Fig. 1a).
• the tool frame 2 can thus be revolved along the connecting surface 7 forming a spherical curved surface to the position shown in Figure 1c, where the first contact sur ⁇ face 6 and the second contact surface 8 are in contact with and against each other, ready to receive forces in the mounting direction, the clamp 3a effecting a pressure force between the surfaces 6 and 8, wherein also loads (e.g. torsion) in a direction perpendicular to the mounting direction can be transmitted due to a frictional contact, i.e.
• the tool frame 2 is released in reverse order by a propulsive force F by the clamps 3a.
• the depth s of the inlay of the connecting ele- ment 4 in the mounting direction A i.e. the distance between the first contact surface 6 and the ring- ⁇ ke end surface 9 of the tool frame 2
• d is the distance between the centre K of the radius of curvature r and the second contact surface 8 in the mounting direction A.
• the clamps 3a being two or more clamps surrounding the outer pe ⁇ riphery of the tool frame 2, comprise a nose 10b provided at their ends and extending in the radial direction towards the tool frame 2.
• a groove 10a is provided on the outer surface of the frame 2 of the tool 13, surrounding the same and functioning as a mounting element, and having two radial surfaces 11a and 11 b, each being in co-operation with the respective radial surfaces 12a and 12b of each nose 10b during mounting of the tool, when it is fixed (11 a and 12a in Figs. 1a — c) as well as during release (11 b and 12b in Fig. 1 d).
• the fixing mechanism accord ⁇ ing to the invention can be arranged so that a curvilinear surface, seen in a direction perpendicular to the mounting direction, is formed on the outer surface of the tool frame 2, which is spherical substantially in the mounting direction, wherein the connecting element 4 in the tool holder is a corresponding inlay.
• a curvilinear surface seen in a direction perpendicular to the mounting direction
• the connecting element 4 in the tool holder is a corresponding inlay.
• the tool frame 2 comprises a tool fixing element 2a, the tool 1 being fixed on the first surface of the same.
• the second surface of the plate-like fixing element 2a forms partly the first contact surface 6, against which, in turn, a connecting surface ele ⁇ ment 2b is fixed, whose surface in the mounting direction forms the curved connecting surface 7.
• the connecting surface element 2b is placed centrally in relation to the first contact surface 6, wherein the connecting surface element 2b is surrounded by the first contact sur ⁇ face 6 in a ring-like manner.
• a mounting element 13 extends from the connecting surface element, comprising a central arm 13a substantially in the mounting direction, and an exten ⁇ sion element 13b at its free end
• the tool holder 3 is at its end provided with a flange-like extension, its end surface forming the second contact surface 8.
• the tool holder 3 is like a bushing, wherein a clamp 3a is arranged to be movable inside the bushing hole in the mount i ng direction, receiving a guiding effect from the internal hole of the bushing form of the tool holder 3.
• the free end of the clamp 3a is provided with an opening-groove system 14, with an opening 14a arranged in the mounting direction to receive the arm 13a of the mounting element 13 as shown in Figure 2a, wherein the clamp 3a is in the outer position, and the end of the opening-groove system 14 protrudes in the mounting direction A outside the second contact surface 8, wherein the mounting element 13 of the frame 2 can be mounted e.g. from the side in connection with the groove-opening system 14 so that its extension element 13b is placed inside a groove element 14b.
• the groove element 14b comprises radial surfaces 12a, 12b at the ends of the groove element 14b, perpendicular to the mounting direction A.
• the tool 1 with its frame 2 can be attracted towards the tool holder 3, wherein the connecting surface element 2b is placed inside the bushing form of the holder 3, the inner surface of the same near the end forming thus the second connecting surface 5.
• the first radial surface 11a of the exten ⁇ sion element 13b is at the mounting stage in contact with the first radial surface 12a of the groove element 14.
• the mounting is effected in a manner presented in connection with blank 1 , resulting in a situation shown in Figure 2c, where in the fixing shown in Figure 2c, the clamp 3a is driven by a force F ⁇ directed upwards, the contact sur ⁇ faces 6 and 8 being against each other.
• the tool 1 is released from the holder in a manner shown in Figure 2d, wherein the second radial sur ⁇ faces 11 b and 12b of elements 13 and 14 are against each other and the force of the clamp 3a effective in the mounting direction removes the contact surface element 2 from the bushing form of the clamp 3a substantially in the mounting direction A.
• the frame 2 is fixed to the clamp 3a by means of a ball mechanism 15 or the like placed in the radial direction inside a series of openings 3b in the clamp 3a, wherein at the starting and releasing stages, shown in Figures 3a and 3c, the balls 15a or the like can be placed in inlays 16 in the bushing hole of the holder, being thus moved outwards in the radial direction and making it possible for the extension element 13b of the mounting element 13 to pass the balls 15a in the mounting direction A.
• a bushing-like tube forming the clamp 3a is arranged to be movable in the mounting direction A, wherein the mounting of the frame 2 can be started directly according to Figure 3a by inserting the mounting element 13, including the arm element 13a and the extension element 13b, in the mounting direction A inside the tube form of the clamp 3a, the balls 15a being in connection with the inlays 16 and thus in their outermost position in the plane of the inner surface of the tube form.
• the connecting surface 5 in the holder 3 is formed in the con- necting element 4 which has a diameter exceeding the bushing hole of the holder 3 where the clamp 3a is movable. Consequently in the em ⁇ bodiment according to Figure 3, the structure corresponding to the groove-opening system 14 (Figure 2) is formed to be adjusted in the radial direction according to the movement of the clamp 3a, instead of the solid structure of Figure 2.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
• Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
• Clamps And Clips (AREA)
• Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
• Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
• Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
• Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
• Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
• Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
• Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8540641

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1994
  • 1994-05-05 FI FI942065A patent/FI107436B/fi active
• 1995
  • 1995-04-27 EP EP95916682A patent/EP0758280B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-04-27 DE DE69510349T patent/DE69510349T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1995-04-27 ES ES95916682T patent/ES2132659T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-04-27 JP JP52870795A patent/JP3567239B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1995-04-27 US US08/737,143 patent/US5855376A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1995-04-27 WO PCT/FI1995/000230 patent/WO1995030504A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1995-04-27 AU AU23088/95A patent/AU2308895A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-04-27 AT AT95916682T patent/ATE181265T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (5)

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