WO1995018185A1 - Procede de fabrication d'un materiau ecophile, materiau ainsi obtenu et son utilisation - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'un materiau ecophile, materiau ainsi obtenu et son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995018185A1
WO1995018185A1 PCT/DE1994/001537 DE9401537W WO9518185A1 WO 1995018185 A1 WO1995018185 A1 WO 1995018185A1 DE 9401537 W DE9401537 W DE 9401537W WO 9518185 A1 WO9518185 A1 WO 9518185A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
castor oil
catalyst
filler
weight
mixed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1994/001537
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Meinhardt
Uwe Schönfeld
Original Assignee
Preform Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Preform Gmbh filed Critical Preform Gmbh
Priority to EP95904381A priority Critical patent/EP0739387A1/fr
Priority to JP7517723A priority patent/JPH10501559A/ja
Publication of WO1995018185A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995018185A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/246—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 combinations of materials fully covered by E04C2/16 and E04C2/20
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/36—Hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an environmentally friendly material, an environmentally friendly material and its use as a material substitute for PVC.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a material which does not have the disadvantages of PVC and which is biodegradable.
  • the material should have similar mechanical properties to PVC, in particular fire protection class B2 must in any case be filled.
  • the starting materials for the production of the environmentally friendly material should be of natural origin. The process for its production should be carried out in a simple manner quickly and without any special effort.
  • the material should be inexpensive to manufacture and the weight of the corresponding molded parts should not be greater than that of the parts currently used. Components made from the material should be inert and should not change their properties over time.
  • the material according to the invention does not have the disadvantages of PVC and is biodegradable. It has mechanical properties similar to PVC.
  • the material obtained is rigidly elastic and of high strength. With mechanical point loading, e.g. the structure of the surrounding material is preserved when fastening wood screws or inserting wooden nails. A tearing, as can occur, for example, with wood, is not observed.
  • the material can be machined easily. When sawing or milling, no tearing of the interfaces or even flaking off of smaller sections can be observed.
  • the material according to the invention also fulfills the requirements of fire protection class B2.
  • the incorporation of aluminum hydroxide in ignition attempts will significantly improve the fire Behavior determined.
  • the installation of aluminum hydroxide and the associated elimination of water prevent the flames from attacking directly.
  • the fire protection class B2 according to DIN 4102 is thus fulfilled.
  • cellulose-containing material preferably wood flour, sawdust or other wood waste
  • the filler used can be obtained as waste, or larger pieces of wood that are generated as waste can be reduced accordingly.
  • the filler should preferably not exceed a fiber length in the range from 5 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ m and a fiber thickness from 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the filler particularly preferably consists of pulverized wood such as wood flour or small sawdust. It is further preferred to use pulverized beech wood according to the invention with a fiber length of up to 180 ⁇ m and a fiber thickness of 30 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the castor oil used in the process according to the invention can be any commercially available castor oil. Its acid number should not exceed 20. It preferably has an acid number of 0.1 to 14. The acid number denotes the amount in mg of KOH, which is used to neutralize 1 g of sample. The water content of the castor oil should not be higher than 1.0% by weight, based on the castor oil, preferably less than 0.1% by weight. The castor oil preferably comes from the first pressing. Castor oil consists mainly of the glyceride of ricinoleic acid. The following are the formulas of ricinoleic acid and the main components of castor oil:
  • Castor oil and the main component of castor oil are the main component of castor oil
  • Tertiary amines such as "Polycat SA-610/50” (manufacturer: Air Products and Chemicals Inc., Allentown, PA 18195 USA) or bicyclic and fused N-containing heterocycles such as e.g. Diazobicycloundecin used.
  • Organometallic compounds e.g. Sn-Octeat, DBTDL.
  • the catalyst is preferably selected so that the reaction acceleration does not start until T> 20 ° C.
  • This has the advantage of a long processing time for the basic mixture, since the final curing is thus limited to process step C.
  • polyisocyanates which are known per se can be considered as polyisocyanates for the production of polyurethanes, ie aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic polyisocyanates can be used, as described, for example, by W. Siefken in Liebig's Annalen der Chemie, vol 562, pages 75 to 136.
  • Preferred polyisocyanates are generally the various tolylene diisocyanates, diphenylmethane diisocyanates and in particular polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates and mixtures of these types of isocyanates.
  • the NCO / OH ratio is preferably in the stated weight range from 0.95: 1 to 1.1: 1.
  • a flame retardant is added to the mixture obtained.
  • flame retardants are aluminum hydroxide, halogen, antimony, bismuth, boron or phosphorus compounds or mixtures thereof. It is according to the invention particularly preferred to use aluminum hydroxide.
  • the powdered aluminum hydroxide gives the system increased flame resistance.
  • the product according to the invention can also contain zeolite.
  • the zeolite used binds the residual moisture present in the reaction mixture. Zeolites with pore diameters of 3 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ are used.
  • the starting materials can be mixed in any order, there is no restriction here. It is also possible to mix some of the components beforehand with a part of the castor oil and then to add the rest of the castor oil and the other components. In the accompanying Fig. 1, the production of the material is shown using a flow diagram.
  • the filler components can easily be mixed together. The homogenization of filler and binder should be carried out in a mixer provided for this purpose.
  • the starting materials castor oil, filler and catalyst if appropriate also a flame retardant, and only then add the polyisocyanate.
  • This measure also ensures that the basic mixture remains processable over a long period of time (up to 1 day), in particular when - as preferably proposed - the catalyst only at a temperature in the range of> 20 ° C., preferably at Range of 40 ° C, its activity unfolds.
  • the individual constituents are used in the following amounts:
  • Filler 50-90% by weight, preferably 60-80, polyisocyanate: 5-25% by weight, preferably 10-20,
  • Castor oil 5 - 25% by weight, preferably 10 - 20,
  • Catalyst 0-10% by weight, preferably 0-0.3.
  • the starting materials made from wood flour, castor oil, catalyst, polyisocyanate and, if appropriate, the flame retardant are mixed, placed in a mold and particularly preferably at a temperature in the range from 20 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably 20 to 100 ° C. 35 to 80 ° C and a pressure of 1 to 100 bar, preferably 2 to 60 bar, cured for a time in the range of 30 seconds to 10 hours, preferably 30 seconds to 6 hours. It is particularly preferred to cure the product obtained at 40 ° C. and 40 bar for 30 to 40 seconds.
  • the mixture obtained can be given individually in molds and pressed, or continuous production can be carried out.
  • the continuous production can be carried out a) by extrusion or b) by hot rolling.
  • the reaction mixture After curing, the reaction mixture forms a closed and extremely smooth surface; the plastic resolution, ie the size of geometric figures that can still be plasticized, is very high. Finest filigree patterns reproduced very precisely by the material. The material only gets its final hardness after it has been aged for 24 hours. The binder is resistant to hydrolysis and completely closes the filler mixture and counteracts the absorption of water.
  • the product obtained according to the invention can be used in prefabricated room division systems as a material substitute for plastic and metal frames, as paint rails and cladding element material and as a profile material. It can replace PVC completely or partially and can therefore also be used in window construction.
  • Compressive strength determined on compacts, manufactured at a pressure of 50 bar
  • Elastic modulus determined on H-profiles, manufactured at a pressure of 50 bar
  • the elastic modulus of aluminum is 7.1 * 10 10 N / m 2 , of Vulcanfiber 4.9 * 10 09 N / m 2 .
  • Elongation at break e R determined on H profiles, manufactured at a pressure of 50 bar
  • Density p determined on compacts, produced at a pressure of 70 bar
  • the mixture is placed in a metal press mold, the surface of which has previously been wetted with a release agent, and pressed at 90 ° C. for 30 seconds at a pressure of 50 bar.
  • the product obtained has a smooth surface, it is aged for 24 hours and gets its final hardness.
  • Example 3 69.9% by weight of wood flour is mixed with 15% by weight of castor oil and 0.1% by weight of catalyst until the wood flour is uniformly wetted. 15% by weight of polyisocyanate according to Example 1 are then added and the mixture is mixed again. The mixture is placed in a metal mold preheated to 85 ° C. and pressed for 60 seconds at a pressure of 83 bar.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau écophile. A cet effet, on mélange de 5 à 25 % en poids d'huile de ricin, un matériau contenant de 50 à 90 % en poids de cellulose comme charge, de 5 à 25 % en poids de polyisocyanate et de 0 à 10 % en poids d'un catalyseur pour obtenir un mélange de base auquel on donne alors la forme voulue. Le durcissement se fait à une température comprise entre 20 °C et 200 °C, à une pression pouvant aller de 1 bar à 100 bars pendant une durée comprise entre 10 secondes et 15 heures.
PCT/DE1994/001537 1993-12-29 1994-12-23 Procede de fabrication d'un materiau ecophile, materiau ainsi obtenu et son utilisation WO1995018185A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95904381A EP0739387A1 (fr) 1993-12-29 1994-12-23 Procede de fabrication d'un materiau ecophile, materiau ainsi obtenu et son utilisation
JP7517723A JPH10501559A (ja) 1993-12-29 1994-12-23 環境に優しい材料を製造する方法、その方法により得られる材料、及び、その環境に優しい材料の利用

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4344891.7 1993-12-29
DE19934344891 DE4344891A1 (de) 1993-12-29 1993-12-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines umweltfreundlichen Werkstoffs, der bei dem Verfahren erhaltene Werkstoff und seine Verwendung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995018185A1 true WO1995018185A1 (fr) 1995-07-06

Family

ID=6506485

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1994/001537 WO1995018185A1 (fr) 1993-12-29 1994-12-23 Procede de fabrication d'un materiau ecophile, materiau ainsi obtenu et son utilisation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0739387A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH10501559A (fr)
DE (1) DE4344891A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995018185A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8846776B2 (en) 2009-08-14 2014-09-30 Boral Ip Holdings Llc Filled polyurethane composites and methods of making same
US9481759B2 (en) 2009-08-14 2016-11-01 Boral Ip Holdings Llc Polyurethanes derived from highly reactive reactants and coal ash
US10138341B2 (en) 2014-07-28 2018-11-27 Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited Use of evaporative coolants to manufacture filled polyurethane composites

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2727231A1 (fr) * 2008-06-08 2010-01-21 Robert N. Clausi Processus de production d'un hdf, d'un mdf et d'un panneau de particules de bois elastiques

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2069609A5 (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-09-03 Fahrni Fred Thermosetting lignocellulose filled mouldings - from dried filler and water free binder
JPS57121021A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-28 Hitachi Cable Ltd Flame-retardant polyurethane composition
JPH02214602A (ja) * 1989-02-15 1990-08-27 Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd 木質ボードの製造方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3216363A1 (de) * 1982-05-03 1983-11-03 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zum verleimen von lignocellulosehaltigen rohstoffen mit einem praepolymeren auf basis eines urethanmodifizierten diphenylmethandiisocyanatgemisches
DE3328662A1 (de) * 1983-08-09 1985-02-21 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zur herstellung von presswerkstoffen mit polyisocyanat-bindemitteln unter mitverwendung von latenten, waermeaktivierbaren katalysatoren
JPS60166353A (ja) * 1984-02-09 1985-08-29 Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd ポリウレタン金属防食塗料組成物

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2069609A5 (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-09-03 Fahrni Fred Thermosetting lignocellulose filled mouldings - from dried filler and water free binder
JPS57121021A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-28 Hitachi Cable Ltd Flame-retardant polyurethane composition
JPH02214602A (ja) * 1989-02-15 1990-08-27 Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd 木質ボードの製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 114, no. 4, 28 January 1991, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 29161 *
DATABASE WPI Week 8207, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 82-75100E *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 514 (M - 1046) 13 November 1990 (1990-11-13) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8846776B2 (en) 2009-08-14 2014-09-30 Boral Ip Holdings Llc Filled polyurethane composites and methods of making same
US9481759B2 (en) 2009-08-14 2016-11-01 Boral Ip Holdings Llc Polyurethanes derived from highly reactive reactants and coal ash
US10138341B2 (en) 2014-07-28 2018-11-27 Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited Use of evaporative coolants to manufacture filled polyurethane composites

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4344891A1 (de) 1995-07-06
JPH10501559A (ja) 1998-02-10
EP0739387A1 (fr) 1996-10-30

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