WO1995013171A1 - Procede et installation a dechiqueteur destines a transformer une biomasse, notamment afin de produire un combustible a partir de dechets forestiers, et a l'evacuer du lieu d'abattage - Google Patents

Procede et installation a dechiqueteur destines a transformer une biomasse, notamment afin de produire un combustible a partir de dechets forestiers, et a l'evacuer du lieu d'abattage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995013171A1
WO1995013171A1 PCT/FI1994/000500 FI9400500W WO9513171A1 WO 1995013171 A1 WO1995013171 A1 WO 1995013171A1 FI 9400500 W FI9400500 W FI 9400500W WO 9513171 A1 WO9513171 A1 WO 9513171A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sieve
cutter
drum
equipment
accordance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1994/000500
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Seppo Kujala
Veli SEPPÄNEN
Original Assignee
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI934922A external-priority patent/FI105169B/fi
Application filed by Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus filed Critical Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
Priority to AU81079/94A priority Critical patent/AU8107994A/en
Publication of WO1995013171A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995013171A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
    • A01G3/002—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees for comminuting plant waste

Definitions

  • a Method and Equipment including a cutter for converting biomass, especially for producing fuel from forest waste, an d for removing it from a felling site .
  • the object of the invention is a method and equipment, as well as a cutter used in them, for refining biomass, in particular for producing forest waste fuel and removing it from the felling site, in which method the biomass, e.g. forest waste, is cut up in a drum cutter and removed pneumatically from the felling site.
  • biomass e.g. forest waste
  • a method of harvesting mass timber, in which both a cutter and pneumatic transfer were used, is known from the Swedish patent publication number 329295.
  • a cutter and the equipment needed for pneumatic transfer are installed on a timber harvester equipped with a felling device.
  • the pneumatic transfer includes a fan formed by the cutter, a cyclone separator, and a shut-off feeder, as well as a pneumatic conveyor proper.
  • the boom equipment with the felling devices can be left out, if the trunks are fed to the machine manually, Figure 1. Even though an attempt has been made to take the evenness of the chips into account, the results have not been sufficiently long for pneumatic transfer, in which nonhomogenous chips invariably block the transfer pipe at some stage.
  • the intention of this invention is to create a new kind of method and equipment, which would make possible the pneumatic transfer of a large volume of felling waste wood-chips over a long distance, as well as to increase the efficiency of the treatment with a cutter of biomass in general.
  • the characteris ⁇ tic features of the invention are presented in the accompanying Patent Claims.
  • Two-stage chipping in accordance with the inven- tion ensures an absolute evenness of quality in the wood-chips, when the pneumatic transfer of fine-particle fuel chips will succeed over distance of up to 350 m with a conventional pneuma ⁇ tic conveyor.
  • a large output is obtained from a cutter in accordance with the invention, even though the mass is ground into a small particle size.
  • Figure 1 shows the entire equipment used at a felling site.
  • Figure 2 shows the cutter equipment
  • Figure 3 shows a sieve blade separated from the cutter.
  • Figure 4 shows a cutter seen from the side, from the vacuum side, with the side wall removed.
  • Figure 5 shows an alternative construction for the cutter in
  • Figure 4 Figure 4.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show various sieve perforation models.
  • the chipping equipment making possible the harvesting method in accordance with the invention includes a timber harvester 17, which carries a cutter 1, a loader and equipment required for pneumatic transfer, which is a fan 2, a cyclone separator 7, a shut-off feeder 8 and the pneumatic conveyor 9 itself.
  • the hose 16 of the pneumatic conveyor is transported on a reel 14, from which the amount required is unwound, so that it extends from the chipping point to a container 15 left beside a road.
  • the pneumatic transfer system installed on top of the timber harvester 17 is connected according to the Figure to blow through the containers to the cassette.
  • the chipping unit moves to the felling site along a track and unwinds from the reel 14 the amount of hose 16 required for use in pneumatic transfer.
  • a new reel and lengths of pipe are connected to the hose being used, either by snap connectors or by using hot-welded connections in plastic pipe.
  • the timber har ⁇ vester 17 carries with it a cutter 1 and fan 2 and pulls a trailer behind it with equipment, which includes a cyclone 7, a shut-off feeder 8, and the equipment required for pneumatic transfer with hose reels 14 and compressors. Compressed air to the cutter above the sieve is also available if required from the compressor to improve the through-flow of the chips.
  • the powerful cutter can also be exploited when the timber harvester includes a small platform for the short- distance transportation of wood-chips.
  • Short-distance transpor ⁇ tation takes time, which is taken from the cutting time.
  • Figure 2 shows the cutting equipment separately, but it is installed either on a timber harvester chassis in accordance with Figure 1, or on its own base.
  • Figure 2 does not show the feed equipment, which can consist of either a hydraulic or a free-feed table.
  • biomass or timber can also be fed to the cutter through a closed circuit.
  • Wood-chips can be fed to the cutter in accordance with Figure 2 by means of a grab- loader, which, however, slows the work when compared with the use of a hydraulic feed table.
  • the cutter is driven from a suitable implement through axle 12 and direction changer 11, which rotates axle 10 of the drum of the cutter 1.
  • the suction connection 12 of the fan 2 is connected beneath the sieve blade described later, which keeps it clean, thus increasing the output of the cutter.
  • FIG 3 shows this sieve blade 4 and its perforation, which is attached to the cutter by means of the support structure 18, in accordance with Figures 4 and 5.
  • the perforation of the sieve blade extends over the entire width of the drum, so that mass cannot rotate freely along an unperforated strip.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show sieve blade models that are strongly raised.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 deviate from one another in the case of the chip removal equipment, but the components concerned with chipping are similar.
  • the drum 3 of the cutter 1 includes blades 5 and the frame includes counter-blades 6, by means of which normal chipping is carried out at feed point 25.
  • sieve 4 creates another counter-blade with the blades 5 of the drum.
  • the chips drop through this sieve 4 onto the trough 20 on the base, from which it is sucked through a suction connection 21 to the fan.
  • the walls 19 of the cutter and the trough 20, as well as the sieve form essentially a closed space, from which replacement air comes partially through the sieve 4 and partially through the perforation 22 arranged in the trough
  • the trough 20 is also set at a slant in such a way that the chips flow towards the suction opening 21.
  • Figure 5 shows an alternative solution for the transportation of wood-chips.
  • the input opening of the transfer fan 2 is connected to the rear wall of the cutter, when the powerful suction of the fan has a quite even effect over the entire area of the sieve 4.
  • the chipping unit operates continuously and does not need to wait for a load being moved to a cassette.
  • the wood- chips are transported to a heating or power plant using containers suitable for the normal transportation of wood- chips and peat.
  • an alternative to pneumatic transfer is to load the chips into containers already at the felling site, or onto a cassette, or even to bag it, if special chips are being handled.
  • a cutter in accordance with the invention is indeed also intended for the manufacture of fine-particle biomass in general.
  • the chip pieces In present sieve constructions the chip pieces must change direction in order to get through the sieve, because its openings are in a radial direction.
  • the sieve can thus be considered as also being formed in such a way that the openings of the holes in the sieve are directed tangentially as far as possible.
  • the front edge of each hole is such pressed outwards and the cutting rear edge inwards, when the opening between them appear in an angled direction.
  • the upper pressure effect of the abovementioned sieve is created by for example by means of air-nozzles made in the counter- blade, which direct air jets directly on top of the sieve. Ribs shown in Figure 5, which oppose the rotational flow of the mass, can be used on the outer circumference after the sieve as far as the feed opening. Air nozzles can also be arranged in other manners, also to blow contrary to the direction of rotation.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et installation servant à raffiner une biomasse, notamment afin de produire des déchets forestiers combustibles, et à l'évacuer du lieu d'abattage. Les déchets forestiers sont déchiquetés dans un déchiqueteur à tambour (1) et évacués du lieu par voie pneumatique. Le déchiquetage s'effectue en deux étapes de sorte que, en plus de la réduction en copeaux effectuée au niveau du point d'alimentation, un tamis (4) adapté au tambour (3) du déchiqueteur (1) constitue une seconde lame l'appui, lorsque les déchets sont réduits, au voisinage du tamis (4), en copeaux homogènes permettant un transfert pneumatique sur une longue distance.
PCT/FI1994/000500 1993-11-08 1994-11-08 Procede et installation a dechiqueteur destines a transformer une biomasse, notamment afin de produire un combustible a partir de dechets forestiers, et a l'evacuer du lieu d'abattage WO1995013171A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU81079/94A AU8107994A (en) 1993-11-08 1994-11-08 A method and equipment including a cutter for converting biomass, especially for producing fuel from forest waste, and for removing it from a felling site

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI934922 1993-11-08
FI934922A FI105169B (fi) 1992-12-22 1993-11-08 Menetelmä ja laitteisto sekä hakkuri metsätähdepolttoaineen tuottamiseksi sekä siirtämiseksi palstalta pois

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995013171A1 true WO1995013171A1 (fr) 1995-05-18

Family

ID=8538911

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1994/000500 WO1995013171A1 (fr) 1993-11-08 1994-11-08 Procede et installation a dechiqueteur destines a transformer une biomasse, notamment afin de produire un combustible a partir de dechets forestiers, et a l'evacuer du lieu d'abattage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8107994A (fr)
WO (1) WO1995013171A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2554444C2 (ru) * 2012-09-10 2015-06-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Петрозаводский государственный университет" Способ выполнения лесосечных работ многооперационной лесозаготовительной машиной

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2405440A1 (de) * 1973-04-26 1974-11-14 Legnopan S P A Verfahren und maschine zum zerfasern von holz und aehnlichem material
SE392062B (sv) * 1966-06-23 1977-03-14 N B Sjolin Anordning vid flishuggmaskin
DE2623664A1 (de) * 1976-02-09 1977-08-11 Sivyer Steel Corp Zweiteiliger hammer
DE2720341A1 (de) * 1977-05-06 1978-11-09 Edgard Jacques Maillet Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern
DE2802150B1 (de) * 1978-01-19 1979-05-23 Kloeckner Gmbh & Co Geb Anordnung zur Sichtlufterzeugung fuer eine Schwergutabscheidung am Guteinlauf eines Messerringzerspaners
FR2498975A1 (fr) * 1980-11-13 1982-08-06 Bourgeat Henri Broyeur defibreur pour sous-produits forestiers
EP0229752A2 (fr) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-22 Maximilian Starchl Tambour rotatif pour produire des copeaux de bois
US4776375A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-10-11 Stanley Arasmith Winged cutting knife for producing wood chips or flakes
US4785860A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-11-22 Stanley Arasmith Wood processing machine having annular rings
EP0527485A1 (fr) * 1991-08-14 1993-02-17 GEORG WEISS GmbH Machine à déchiqueter

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE392062B (sv) * 1966-06-23 1977-03-14 N B Sjolin Anordning vid flishuggmaskin
DE2405440A1 (de) * 1973-04-26 1974-11-14 Legnopan S P A Verfahren und maschine zum zerfasern von holz und aehnlichem material
DE2623664A1 (de) * 1976-02-09 1977-08-11 Sivyer Steel Corp Zweiteiliger hammer
DE2720341A1 (de) * 1977-05-06 1978-11-09 Edgard Jacques Maillet Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern
DE2802150B1 (de) * 1978-01-19 1979-05-23 Kloeckner Gmbh & Co Geb Anordnung zur Sichtlufterzeugung fuer eine Schwergutabscheidung am Guteinlauf eines Messerringzerspaners
FR2498975A1 (fr) * 1980-11-13 1982-08-06 Bourgeat Henri Broyeur defibreur pour sous-produits forestiers
EP0229752A2 (fr) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-22 Maximilian Starchl Tambour rotatif pour produire des copeaux de bois
US4776375A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-10-11 Stanley Arasmith Winged cutting knife for producing wood chips or flakes
US4785860A (en) * 1986-10-14 1988-11-22 Stanley Arasmith Wood processing machine having annular rings
EP0527485A1 (fr) * 1991-08-14 1993-02-17 GEORG WEISS GmbH Machine à déchiqueter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No 91-308833/42, Week 9142; & SU,A,1 609 488 (KUZNT POLYMER EQUIP), 30 November 1990. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2554444C2 (ru) * 2012-09-10 2015-06-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Петрозаводский государственный университет" Способ выполнения лесосечных работ многооперационной лесозаготовительной машиной

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8107994A (en) 1995-05-29

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