WO1995009327A1 - Procede permettant d'alimenter une grille de combustion en dechets et systeme d'alimentation pour la mise en ×uvre dudit procede - Google Patents

Procede permettant d'alimenter une grille de combustion en dechets et systeme d'alimentation pour la mise en ×uvre dudit procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995009327A1
WO1995009327A1 PCT/CH1994/000168 CH9400168W WO9509327A1 WO 1995009327 A1 WO1995009327 A1 WO 1995009327A1 CH 9400168 W CH9400168 W CH 9400168W WO 9509327 A1 WO9509327 A1 WO 9509327A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feed
chute
loading
garbage
grate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1994/000168
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jakob Stiefel
Original Assignee
Doikos Investments Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doikos Investments Ltd. filed Critical Doikos Investments Ltd.
Priority to AU74556/94A priority Critical patent/AU7455694A/en
Publication of WO1995009327A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995009327A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for loading a waste incineration grate. Furthermore, the invention relates to a loading device for carrying out the method.
  • the rubbish reaches the charging device via the feed hopper, through the charging chute.
  • This device mainly consists of a piston valve which, under hydraulic control, slowly pushes the waste towards the combustion grate.
  • the garbage falls onto the combustion grate by gravity.
  • the slider has reached the front, it is pulled back and the procedure starts again.
  • This batch-wise loading of the garbage reaches the incineration grate unevenly and in portions. Since the garbage is compressed by the large weight of the rubbish in the loading chute, lumps form. During the loading process, it often happens that at the transition point from the loading chute to the combustion grate, such lumps uncontrollably on the Crash burn rust.
  • the pipe structure installed in the combustion chamber for heat exchange must be protected from the flames so that it is not damaged by the heat generated by the flames.
  • the uneven layer thickness on the combustion grate and the resulting possible high flame peaks mean that the pipe construction in the combustion chamber is shielded sufficiently with a tamping.
  • this ramming represents insulation that reduces heat exchange and thus reduces the steam output of the system. It is therefore desirable to keep the area that has to be covered with the tamping as small as possible.
  • the falling of garbage from the loading chute onto the incineration grate causes dust to develop, which is very undesirable, because the heat in the combustion chamber melts the dust particles on their surface and then attaches to the pipes and the ramming in the combustion chamber.
  • the life of the materials is shortened on the ramming and, on the other hand, the deposition forms an insulation layer which further reduces the heat transfer, which means a reduction in the steam output.
  • the cause of garbage falling from the loading chute is not only the lump formation and the batch-wise, batch-like conveying of the garbage onto the incineration grate, but also the high temperature in the area of the loading device.
  • the heating of the waste in the area of the loading device is made possible by the large opening at the transition from the loading device to the combustion grate.
  • the garbage is gasified or ignited prematurely, which in turn causes garbage to fall onto the incineration grate, which in turn leads to additional dust formation in the combustion chamber.
  • the object of the present invention is now to provide a method for charging a waste incineration grate which ensures a uniform garbage bed height on the incineration grate and which prevents uncontrolled falling of waste from the charging chute onto the incineration grate, and the dust development in the combustion chamber is severe reduced.
  • This object is achieved by a method for loading a waste incineration grate, which is characterized in that the waste is portioned in the loading chute and that the material of the individual portions is continuously fed to the incineration grate in a defined layer thickness.
  • the further object of the invention is achieved by a device for carrying out the method for loading a waste incineration grate.
  • This device is characterized by means for portioning the rubbish in the feed chute and means for continuously feeding the material of the individual portions onto the combustion grate, and by a variable shaft opening for regulating the layer thickness of the rubbish being fed.
  • Figure 1 A schematic vertical section through an incinerator in the loading area
  • Figure 2 A schematic horizontal section through the loading chute in the area of the feed control rods;
  • Figure 3 A schematic plan view of the loading device;
  • FIG. 4 A schematic perspective illustration of two adjacent feed elements of the loading device
  • Figure 5 A movement diagram of the feed elements of the loading device.
  • the method according to the invention for loading a waste incineration grate is explained with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the garbage is portioned in the feed chute 1 and the material of the individual portions is fed continuously to the combustion grate 2.
  • the material is fed in at a variable, adjustable feed height. By regulating the feed height of the refuse, a desired layer thickness of the material on the combustion grate 2 can be achieved.
  • the garbage passes through the feed hopper 3 into the feed chute 1.
  • the garbage 4 arrives at the loading device 5.
  • This charging device continuously conveys the garbage 4 to the combustion grate 2
  • This lock 7 regulates the garbage bed height.
  • the lock 7 only serves to regulate the height of the garbage bed.
  • conveyor elements such as those installed in the loading device 5, are also installed in the lock 7. This has the advantage that the waste is not only transported continuously from below, but also that conveyor elements move the waste forward from above. With certain garbage compositions, this measure is advantageous in order to improve the continuity of the transport.
  • the feed chute 1 In order to ensure optimal combustion in the combustion chamber 8, there is a negative pressure with respect to the atmosphere. For this reason, the feed chute 1 must be filled with garbage in the operating state of the incineration plant so that no outside air can enter the combustion chamber 8 from the side of the feed chute 1.
  • the garbage in the loading chute acts as a locking pin and weighs several tons on the loading device. Depending on the composition of the rubbish, it is compressed to a greater or lesser extent, and when the waste is continuously transported from the loading device 5 to the incineration grate 2, blockages can occur at the lock 7. In order to avoid this, the loading device 5 is relieved in that the rubbish 4 is fed in portions from the loading chute 1 to the loading device 5. The portioning is done with feed control rods 9.10.
  • these feed control rods 9, 10 are arranged one above the other in the feed chute 1 in two planes.
  • These feed control rods 9, 10 consist of individual movable rods which can be pushed into the interior of the feed chute 1 and out of the feed chute 1 by means of a drive 16.
  • four loading control rods are mounted on one level on two opposite walls of the loading chute 1. The arrangement of the loading control rods 9, 10 within the individual levels and their mode of operation is described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the feed control rods 9 of the upper level are moved into the feed chute 1.
  • the cross section of the feed chute 1 is narrowed by the retracted feed control rods so that the garbage 4 can no longer slide.
  • the feed control rods 10 of the lower level are completely pulled out of the feed chute 1 and the waste below the upper feed control rods can fall onto the feed device 5 unhindered.
  • these rods 10 close, ie they are moved into the charging chute 1.
  • the feed control rods 9 of the upper level are pulled out of the feed chute 1 and the rubbish 4 slides down to the lower level with the Feed control rods 10 after.
  • the feed control rods 9 are again inserted into the loading chute 1 in order to prevent the waste from slipping.
  • the garbage is fed into the feed device 5 in portions.
  • the height of the garbage bed that is the layer thickness of the garbage on the combustion grate 2 is regulated with the lock 7.
  • This lock 7 can be raised and lowered hydraulically in the vertical direction, for example, and depending on the set position, the outlet opening 6 has a defined height from the loading chute 1 and from the loading device 5 to the combustion grate 2. This height also corresponds to the layer thickness of the waste which is fed to the combustion grate 2 by the loading device 5.
  • a desired layer thickness of waste can be set on the combustion grate.
  • the combustion grate 2 is inclined downward away from the loading device 5.
  • the method according to the invention is also suitable for combustion grates that are horizontal are arranged, or also for gratings that rise away from the loading device 5.
  • the opening to the charging chute is reduced in such a way that no heat can penetrate into the charging chute 1. This prevents the undesired falling of the rubbish 4 onto the combustion grate 2.
  • the result is a reduction in dust formation.
  • the dust particles which melt on the surface due to the heat 'in the combustion chamber 8, accumulate on the tubes 11 of the boiler and on the tamping 12. These deposits are extremely undesirable because they reduce the life of both the tubes 11 and the tamping 12 and thus shorten the travel time of the incinerator. They also form an insulating layer, which results in a reduction in heat exchange.
  • the boiler is fogged up with dust less high and therefore an extension of both the service life of the boiler and the evacuation is achieved. This increases the travel time of the incineration plant and, because of the increased number of heat exchangers, also increases the technical efficiency of such an incineration plant.
  • the combustion in the combustion chamber 8 is regular and controllable, that is to say that the flame height is uniformly high and a geometrically defined fire can thus be started.
  • the necessary height of the ramming 12 in the combustion chamber 8 can be considerably reduced, which increases the usable area of the boiler and, in conjunction therewith, improves the utilization of the heat.
  • the distance from the rear wall 13 with the tubular construction 11 mounted on this wall to the charging chute 1 must be large enough to avoid overheating of the waste in the charging chute 1.
  • the heat reaches the feed chute 1 through the opening 6, which is very large there to avoid clogging.
  • the lock 7 prevents the waste in the feed chute from heating up.
  • the distance between the rear wall 13 of the combustion chamber 8 and the charging chute 1 can be reduced by eliminating the need for a fire blanket in the region of the opening 6.
  • the space gained by the removal of the primer is used to enlarge the pipe construction. This means that the surface available for heat exchange can be enlarged and the combustion heat of the refuse can be better used.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section through the feed chute 1 in the area of the feed control rods 9.
  • These feed control rods 9, 10 for portioning the waste 4 in the feed chute 1 are arranged one above the other in two levels and can be moved by means of a drive 16 transversely to the direction of conveyance of the waste 4 into the interior of the feed chute 1 and out of the feed chute 1.
  • the drive is hydraulic, with the impact force of the individual rods being adjustable with a hydraulic control.
  • the drive is also conceivable with electric motors.
  • four loading control rods are mounted in one plane on two opposite walls 14, 15 of the loading chute 1. In the example described, the rods are moved hydraulically and can be fully extended from the loading chute.
  • the dimensions of these rods are designed so that each individual rod is able to bear the load of the refuse above it in the loading chute 1.
  • the hydraulic control of the feed control rods 9, 10 is force-controlled, the drives of the individual rods being connected to one another and being operated by a common control unit, not shown here. This means that, for example, a rod blocked by a hard object 17 in the refuse cannot be moved further into the feed chute 1, but the other rods can, however, be inserted unhindered up to their end position.
  • the two levels of the feed control rods 9, 10 are constructed identically.
  • the rods 9, 10 can be positioned via a central control, and by means of the alternating one Retracting and retracting the rods into and out of the feed chute 1, the garbage 4 is delivered in portions to the loading device 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic top view of the loading device 5.
  • This loading device consists of several feed elements 18-24.
  • the number of feed elements used depends on the size of the feed chute 1. In the example shown, seven feed elements 18-24 are mounted in the feed device 5.
  • the feed elements form a kind of platform, which forms the lower end of the loading chute 1.
  • the individual feed elements 18-24 have the shape of a bar on the outside.
  • the area on which the rubbish lies is structured.
  • the feed elements are hollow on the inside and connections are provided on the underside so that the feed elements 18-24 can be connected to a cooling system if necessary.
  • a cooling medium is pumped through the feed elements, which cools the rubbish on the loading device 5.
  • the procedure can also be reversed and, if necessary, a temperature-controlled medium can flow through the feed elements in order to heat the waste lying on it.
  • feed elements 18-24 which are made of sheet metal, are shown in a schematic, perspective view.
  • the feed elements are structured on the surface to better convey the waste. to be able to.
  • the feed elements 18, 19 have a sawtooth-like structure with coarse teeth.
  • this structure can also be finer.
  • the shape of the structure can be adapted according to the needs for the continuous transport of the waste.
  • the connecting pieces 25 are attached in order to be able to connect them to a cooling or heating system, if necessary, in order to temper the garbage lying on the feed elements.
  • the feed elements 18-24 alternately perform a stoking movement so that they continuously convey the garbage stored on them towards the combustion grate 2.
  • the non-adjacent feed elements are in each case firmly connected to one another and simultaneously carry out the same movement sequence.
  • a diagram of the movement sequence is shown in FIG. If, for example, the feed elements 18, 20, 22, 24 are in their foremost position, that is to say closest to the combustion grate 2 - this position corresponds to the number 26 in the diagram in FIG. 5 - then this group of feed elements 18, 20 22.24 lowered until they have reached the lowest point 27. The feed elements are then withdrawn and raised again until they have returned to the top position.
  • the feed elements 18, 20, 22, 24 convey the garbage lying on them in the direction Burn grate.
  • the second group of feed elements performs the same sequence of movements as the one just described, except that this movement is out of phase. As soon as the one group of feed elements 18, 20, 22, 24 has reached the foremost point and the backward movement begins, the second group has reached the rearmost point 28 and begins with the forward movement. This opposite movement sequence of the two groups of feed elements ensures a continuous loading of the combustion grate.
  • conveyor elements are installed in the lock as they are installed in the loading device 5. This means that the waste is continuously moved forward from below as well as from above with conveyor elements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

Le procédé qui permet d'alimenter une grille de combustion en déchets se caractérise en ce que les déchets (4) sont fractionnés en portions dans la goulotte de chargement (1) et que le matériau constituant les portions individuelles est acheminé en continu jusqu'à la grille de combustion (2). La hauteur de flux de matériau acheminé peut être ajustée de manière variable. Le système qui permet de mettre ledit procédé en ÷uvre comprend des barres de régulation de chargement (9, 10), un système d'alimentation (5) et un sas (7). Le fractionnement en portions des déchets (4) s'effectue dans la goulotte de chargement (1) à l'aide des barres de régulation de chargement (9, 10) qui sont disposées sur deux niveaux les unes au-dessus des autres. Les déchets (4) parviennent de la goulotte de déchargement (1) sur le système d'alimentation (5) qui se compose de plusieurs éléments d'avancement (18-24). Les éléments individuels d'avancement (18-24) se présentant sous forme de barres sont évidés, ce qui permet de les tempérer avec un agent réfrigérant si nécessaire. Le mouvement déphasé de deux groupes d'éléments d'avancement dans le système d'alimentation (5) permet de transporter les déchets (4) en continu sur la grille de combustion (2). Le sas (7) situé à la sortie de la goulotte de chargement (1) est réglable en hauteur afin de réguler la hauteur du flux de déchets. Si nécessaire, des éléments d'avancement correspondant à ceux du système d'alimentation (5) sont montés dans le sas (7).
PCT/CH1994/000168 1993-09-27 1994-08-26 Procede permettant d'alimenter une grille de combustion en dechets et systeme d'alimentation pour la mise en ×uvre dudit procede WO1995009327A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU74556/94A AU7455694A (en) 1993-09-27 1994-08-26 Method of feeding refuse onto an incinerator grate, and feed device for carrying out the method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH290393 1993-09-27
CH2903/93-3 1993-09-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995009327A1 true WO1995009327A1 (fr) 1995-04-06

Family

ID=4244209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1994/000168 WO1995009327A1 (fr) 1993-09-27 1994-08-26 Procede permettant d'alimenter une grille de combustion en dechets et systeme d'alimentation pour la mise en ×uvre dudit procede

Country Status (7)

Country Link
AT (1) AT67U3 (fr)
AU (1) AU7455694A (fr)
DE (1) DE9414691U1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2710728B3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI940640U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995009327A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA947106B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU671321B2 (en) * 1992-12-25 1996-08-22 Shigeru Saitoh An inlet for the delivery of a substance to be incinerated and a furnace having such an inlet
WO2010035869A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Boisson gazéifiée à pression gazeuse élevée
CN115430518A (zh) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-06 南昌工程学院 一种垃圾分类处理装置及其处理方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19607007C2 (de) * 1996-02-24 2002-05-29 Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh Rost mit Reinigungseinrichtungen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1941197A (en) * 1929-02-05 1933-12-26 Jr Gustavus Auer Fuel feeding mechanism for mechanical stokers
DE704308C (de) * 1939-02-11 1941-03-27 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Vorrichtung zum Beschicken eines Wanderrostes
GB692645A (en) * 1949-12-15 1953-06-10 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in mechanical stokers
JPS61213414A (ja) * 1985-03-18 1986-09-22 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 分別ごみ焼却炉のごみ投入ホツパ・シユ−ト
US5205695A (en) * 1989-06-22 1993-04-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Plantec Refuse storage equipment
EP0555501A1 (fr) * 1992-02-12 1993-08-18 Kiyoharu Michimae Incinérateur du type à distillation sèche

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1941197A (en) * 1929-02-05 1933-12-26 Jr Gustavus Auer Fuel feeding mechanism for mechanical stokers
DE704308C (de) * 1939-02-11 1941-03-27 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Vorrichtung zum Beschicken eines Wanderrostes
GB692645A (en) * 1949-12-15 1953-06-10 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in mechanical stokers
JPS61213414A (ja) * 1985-03-18 1986-09-22 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 分別ごみ焼却炉のごみ投入ホツパ・シユ−ト
US5205695A (en) * 1989-06-22 1993-04-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Plantec Refuse storage equipment
EP0555501A1 (fr) * 1992-02-12 1993-08-18 Kiyoharu Michimae Incinérateur du type à distillation sèche

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 11, no. 50 (M - 562)<249> 17 February 1987 (1987-02-17) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU671321B2 (en) * 1992-12-25 1996-08-22 Shigeru Saitoh An inlet for the delivery of a substance to be incinerated and a furnace having such an inlet
WO2010035869A1 (fr) 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Boisson gazéifiée à pression gazeuse élevée
CN115430518A (zh) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-06 南昌工程学院 一种垃圾分类处理装置及其处理方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7455694A (en) 1995-04-18
ZA947106B (en) 1995-05-03
FR2710728B3 (fr) 1995-09-01
ITMI940640U1 (it) 1996-03-26
AT67U3 (de) 1995-04-25
FR2710728A3 (fr) 1995-04-07
AT67U2 (de) 1994-12-27
DE9414691U1 (de) 1994-11-10
ITMI940640V0 (it) 1994-09-26

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