WO1995005302A1 - Systeme de detection de roues de trains de preference a haute vitesse - Google Patents

Systeme de detection de roues de trains de preference a haute vitesse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995005302A1
WO1995005302A1 PCT/DE1994/000838 DE9400838W WO9505302A1 WO 1995005302 A1 WO1995005302 A1 WO 1995005302A1 DE 9400838 W DE9400838 W DE 9400838W WO 9505302 A1 WO9505302 A1 WO 9505302A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
signals
input
time
microcomputer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1994/000838
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Brandes
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to UA96020493A priority Critical patent/UA39960C2/uk
Priority to AU72258/94A priority patent/AU7225894A/en
Publication of WO1995005302A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995005302A1/fr
Priority to LVP-96-44A priority patent/LV11449B/lv

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/167—Circuit details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device is, for. B. known from Signal + Draht 68 (1976) 6, pages 116 to 141; it can be used for axle counting as well as for speed monitoring.
  • Axle counting devices regardless of the technology used, operate on the principle that a track section limited by wheel detection points is only released if the number of axes retracted into the section is equal to the number of axes extended out of the section. In order to be able to determine this, both the number and the direction of passage of the axes must be determined at all wheel detection points delimiting the section of track to be cleared.
  • wheel detectors operating according to different physical principles are used, of which at least two are arranged at a certain distance from one another along the rails for each wheel detection point. When each vehicle wheel passes, these wheel detectors emit two wheel impulses that overlap in time to an evaluation device, which converts the respective wheel impulses into direction-dependent axle counting impulses.
  • This evaluation device can be designed using different technology; more recently, microcomputers have been used for this.
  • the situation is similar in the case of speed monitoring, only here a statement about the driving speed of a vehicle wheel passing by is obtained from the time offset of the wheel pulses belonging together in pairs.
  • axle counting device according to Signal + Wire is intended for a permissible train speed of up to 250 km / h.
  • Computer-controlled axle counting systems can also reliably detect faster-running vehicle axles. But here too there are limit speeds above which a computer running in certain hardware can no longer process the wheel signals online. At the speeds of 350 km / h that are sometimes required today, the overlap time of the wheel impulses is one
  • the wheel signals are preprocessed in a hardware upstream of the actual evaluation device, stored and periodically called up by the processor of the evaluation device; this preprocessing can be carried out in the vicinity of the wheel detectors or in the vicinity of the evaluation device
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device according to the preamble of claim 1, which allows fast wheel pulse sequences with a relatively slow evaluation direction to be processed without this requiring a separate preprocessing in complex hardware for each wheel detector.
  • the invention solves these problems by means of the characterizing features of patent claim 1.
  • the use of several input buffers and the special way in which they are activated ensures that at least once " all wheel signals are interrogated and buffered within the sole influence time of a pair of wheel detectors Stored wheel signals are then transferred to the evaluating microcomputer in an interrupt-controlled manner when the latter detects wheel signals in the input buffers that differ from its current state of knowledge; the period of the interrupt signals is significantly longer than the critical time of influence of the wheel signals alone ⁇ Signals are done using time indications that indicate the point in time at which the wheel signals are taken over into the intermediate memory or memories.
  • a relative time recording is provided according to claim 2; this makes it possible to get by with a less complex counter for the time determination.
  • Claim 3 provides a particularly advantageous mode of operation of the counter according to claim 2, which allows the time interval values that are of particular interest here to be read directly from the time values stored in the input memory.
  • Claim 4 specifies a particularly advantageous form of activating two input buffers using an interrupt module for the evaluating microcomputer.
  • the capacity of the input memory of the evaluating microcomputer should be so large that even when wheel signals are input, a reliable processing is guaranteed; this ensures that when wheel signals are processed outside the actual influencing times, no wheel signals are lost for processing.
  • the common query of all event messages stored in an input buffer at discrete times according to claim 7 makes it possible to accept the event messages in coded form in the input memory and to conclude the associated wheel detector from the data stored in coded form at any time during processing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the device according to the invention in FIG. 1 and a detailed diagram to explain its mode of operation in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a microcomputer MC, which is intended to convert the wheel signals from wheel detectors RD1 to RD8 into direction-dependent counting pulses and to supply these counters, which are not shown, for the free and busy signaling of track sections.
  • Two of the wheel detectors form a wheel detection point z. B. at the beginning or end of a track section.
  • the wheel detectors that belong to each other react to the passing of a vehicle wheel at different times, in any case in the axle counting first only the one alone, then both together and finally only the other one being claimed.
  • the wheel signals that are only briefly present in snow-running railway wheels must be read into an input memory ES of an evaluating microcomputer MC in such a way that the aforementioned sequence of operations of the wheel detectors can be reliably recognized. This is a prerequisite for the microcomputer to be dependent on the direction of travel
  • the wheel detectors RD1 to RD8 are connected individually or in pairs via signal lines of any length or via a bus system to the inputs of two input buffer stores EZS1 and EZS2. These input buffers are activated alternately and take over the wheel signals offered to them on the input side.
  • a certain response behavior of the wheel detectors and an assumed highest driving speed of e.g. B. 350 km / h the shortest sole influencing time of the wheel detectors to be recorded results in a value of approximately 0.6 ms. In order to ensure that such sole influencing times can be reliably recognized and evaluated, it is necessary to interrogate the wheel signals present at shorter intervals than 0.6 ms.
  • the wheel signals are therefore sampled in a rhythm of 0.5 ms, wherein they are read into a first buffer in one sampling period and into a second buffer in the other sampling period.
  • the two input buffers are acted upon by activation signals AS, which are generated by a timer T are generated.
  • This timer divides the clock frequency of the microcomputer clock signals CLK down to a frequency of 1 kHz; the input buffer EZS1 reacts to the negative, the input buffer EZS2 to the positive edge of the activation signals; the memories are activated alternately after 0.5 ms.
  • the wheel signals which are largely time-synchronized in the input buffers, must now be transferred to the input memory ES of the microcomputer. This is also done under the control of the timer T, which supplies the interrupt input of the microcomputer with interrupt signals INT with a repetition frequency of 1 kHz, which is slower than the sampling frequency of the input buffers.
  • the microcomputer is supposedly set up to process interrupt signals of this repetition frequency. With each interrupt signal, it checks whether it is necessary to transfer data from the two input buffers to its input memory. This transfer is only necessary if data, ie wheel signals, which differ from the wheel signals stored in the input memory for the wheel detectors in question are stored in at least one of the buffers.
  • the microcomputer temporarily interrupts its axis count processing upon the arrival of each interrupt signal and executes an interrupt routine.
  • the microcomputer first compares the data present in the input buffer EZS1 with the data stored in its input memory for the associated wheel detectors. If there is agreement, no current data from the intermediate buffer store EZS1 are to be transferred to the microcomputer at the present time. The microcomputer then checks the data of the input buffer EZS2. If he also determines a match between the data in the buffer and the data stored in the input memory, the interrupt routine is ended and the axis count processing is continued at the interrupted point.
  • the microcomputer prompts the transfer of the changed data from the relevant buffer into the input memory, in each case in conjunction with an identifier that shows the microcomputer from which input buffer the wheel signal in question originates. He also knows at which point in time (rising / falling edge of the activation signals) this wheel signal was accepted into the relevant buffer and he can evaluate the time sequence of the accepted wheel signals.
  • the microprocessor supplies and addresses the two input buffers with control signals IOR.
  • the latter is done via an address bus AB and an address decoder ADR-DEC, which applies the individual addresses ADR1 and ADR2 to the two input buffers.
  • the timer T is used not only to provide the interrupt signals INT for the microcomputer, but also to generate the activation signals AS for the two input buffers. This multiple use of the timer makes it possible to keep the effort for the axle counting device very low overall, in particular also because there are no synchronization problems with regard to the intermediate storage and the processing sequence in the evaluating microcomputer.
  • the processing of the wheel signals in the microcomputer, which are transferred to the input memory of the microcomputer, occurs outside the interrupt routines for the transfer of data to the input memory of the microcomputer.
  • the input memory ES of the microcomputer must ne have a depth that is sufficient to store the data that cannot be processed immediately by the microcomputer for a certain time.
  • the storage volume of this storage can be determined mathematically or empirically.
  • Figure 2a shows the reading process for the
  • FIG. 2b the subsequent determination of the read times of the wheel signals into the input buffer.
  • the wheel signals of two wheel detectors of a wheel detection point BP1 are shown as they result when the detectors are actuated by an extremely fast-running vehicle wheel.
  • the mutually corresponding wheel flanks of the two wheel signals are supposed to have a time interval of approximately 0.6 ms.
  • the wheel signals are shown in the display with a time grid of 0.5 ms. This 0.5 ms corresponds to the time interval between the activation signals AS of the input buffers not shown in FIG. 2.
  • the wheel signals are recorded separately from each of the two intermediate stores, the one intermediate store making an edge change that is of particular interest here within a period of a maximum of 0.5 ms since the edge change and the other this 0.5 ms later recognized and saved.
  • the input buffers are designed so that they can store the driving events of the wheel detectors of several influencing points in different storage areas. In the present example, it is assumed that the intermediate stores can record the driving events of the wheel detectors from five influencing points.
  • the memory contents of a control and diagnostic module of the evaluating microcomputer are shown below the wheel signals to be evaluated in FIG. 2A. These memory contents show the data available in the two input buffers (1/2) at the individual times. Above the two memory blocks, an arrow and a number indicate at what point in time and from which input buffer a date was transferred to the relevant memory field; the memory blocks are assigned to one or the other wheel detector of the individual wheel detection points, the memory lines to the various wheel detection points BP1 to BP5, which are monitored by the microcomputer.
  • the storage fields are designed such that they can record the driving events of five wheel detectors in each case, as well as other data that are not of interest here, analogously to the input buffer stores used.
  • the data shown in the two memory blocks are quasi snapshots at the time of the 14th activation signal.
  • the memory contents are not only updated line by line via the event messages from the wheel detectors, but also column by line, in that the stored data are shifted step by step from right to left in the display direction, so that the content of the memory fields is only one in each case Reflect the time span of current events.
  • the first buffer has determined the start of an influence on the detector with the second activation signal and the end of the influence on the thirteenth activation signal.
  • the second buffer has detected the beginning of the influencing with the fourth activation signal and the end of the influencing with the fourteenth activation signal.
  • Wheel detectors of the second and the other influencing points should not be influenced in the observed period had been known; for the following consideration it is assumed that the corresponding memory locations of the control and diagnostic module are each assigned a bit of value 1.
  • the interrupt clock INT for the wheel signal processing of the microcomputer is shown below the two memory blocks of the control and diagnostic module.
  • the clock frequency is assumed to be half the clock frequency of the activation signals AS for reading event messages into the two input buffers.
  • the microcomputer makes a comparison (not illustrated in the drawing) between the driving events pending for adoption from the control and diagnostic module of all the wheel detectors monitored by it and those already in its input memory for the individual wheel detectors deposited event reports. Only if there are any discrepancies between the current data stored in the intermediate stores and the data stored in its input memory, is there a need to update this database and to carry out a specific interrupt routine for this purpose.
  • the microcomputer jumps back into the program interrupted by the interrupt until the following interrupt and continues the processing of the stored information.
  • the microcomputer recognizes at time 3 that the event message offered to it for the first wheel detector of the first influencing point differs from the signaling state present in the input memory for this wheel detector and initiates the interrupt routine; The same applies to the point in time 14 at which the microcomputer recognizes that a renewed update of the input memory database is necessary.
  • This data sequence is provided with a so-called channel identifier at a predetermined point, which means that the event messages taken over are the event messages of the first or the second wheel detectors of the monitored wheel detection points.
  • a zero is assigned to the first wheel detector of each influencing point as a channel identifier, and a one is assigned to the second wheel detector.
  • the microcomputer In a manner corresponding to the first wheel detector of each wheel detection point, the microcomputer also processes the event messages from the second wheel detectors of these influencing points. Given the assumed very short pulse sequence time between the first and the second event messages triggered by the same wheel at the successive wheel detectors of the first influencing point, it follows that the microcomputer has to update another one in its input memory at time 4 and at time 14. determining date and then executing the predetermined interrupt routine for taking over this current data.
  • this interrupt routine In addition to accepting the actual event messages and identifying them as belonging to one or the other wheel detector of a wheel detection point, this interrupt routine also includes recording the point in time at which the wheel signal in question has changed. But this time is not necessarily the point in time at which the interrupt routine is executed, but it may well be in the past. This is the case with the driving events of the considered first wheel detector. There, the respective event message had already been detected via the first buffer memory 0.5 ms before the following interrupt signal, in contrast to the second wheel detector, in which the detection of a driving event coincided with the interrupt signal.
  • the times at which the buffers in each case recognized the presence of a wheel signal change must be recorded in the microcomputer for the further processing of the driving events.
  • this is done by storing specific times in the input memory together with the actual traffic event reports.
  • These time indications are preferably relative time indications and relate to the time interval between the respectively detected driving event and the driving event preceding it, no longer separately according to the two wheel detectors of each metering point, but in the actual chronological sequence of the detector actuations .
  • the respective time interval between successive driving events of the two wheel detectors of an influencing point is described using a time counter with a previously determined counting volume, e.g. B.
  • This time counter which is either provided separately for each wheel detection point or is provided jointly for all wheel detection points treated by a microcomputer, is incremented by two counting steps by each interrupt signal, specifically in order to be able to reset it if necessary by one step if an input buffer is available detects an inspection event 0.5 ms earlier than the interrupt signal occurs, via which the current inspection event is transferred to the input memory.
  • the manner in which the time values to be added to the individual traffic events are determined in the time counter is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2B; the time values formed there are written in the input memory of FIG. 2A in addition to the associated event messages.
  • the predetermined maximum count position is due to the envisaged incrementing of the counter by two counting steps
  • the time counter In this count position, the time counter is located at time 1. This count position is expressed in binary form by the bit sequence 11111110. It corresponds to the hexadecimal representation FE.
  • the microcomputer reads out the time counter on the then active interrupt signal 0 and tries to advance it by two counting steps in accordance with the selected time grid. This is not possible because, according to the assumption, the time counter has already reached its maximum count position. The microcomputer then loads the time counter again with that of the maximum
  • the microcomputer reads the time counter again with the following interrupt signal, tries to switch it on and finally loads it with the original content. By comparing it from the input buffers via the control and
  • the microcomputer recognizes the need to update its input memory. He knows that the change has been detected in the first input buffer, and he
  • the microcomputer also recognizes that, with the same interrupt signal from the other memory block of the control and diagnostic module, it is offered a further status byte for further driving events. The change comes from the second input buffer, so it is simultaneous with the interrupt signal.
  • the microcomputer could now store the count value FE that can be read from the time counter for the falling edge of the wheel signal recognized by the second wheel detector and determine the time interval between the two wheel detector edges by forming a difference. However, this would require a separate computing operation. In order to avoid this arithmetic operation, the microcomputer, by recognizing and storing those wheel signal edges for which the time interval between a possibly closely following edge of another wheel signal is to be determined, causes the time counter to be reset to the basic position.
  • the microcomputer causes the count value 00, which can then be taken from the time counter, to be increased by one count step for the time commitment of this event message; With the previously performed synchronization of the time counter to the first detected wheel signal edge of the signal pair in question, the time interval between the following wheel signal edge results directly from the time value stored for this edge in the input memory at 1 x 0.5 ms.
  • the next interrupt signal appears at time 5. It leads to the time counter being advanced by two counting steps to the switch position 00000010 corresponding to a 2 x 0.5 ms time offset. The corresponding results at times 7, 9, 11 and 13, with the time counter taking two steps each is advanced.
  • the microcomputer again recognizes the need to update the event messages stored in its input memory. It first accepts the new event byte of the first wheel detector in hexadecimal form as 7F and then determines the associated time value. Starting from the existing counter 00001010 of the time counter, the microcomputer subtracts a counting step (the buffer had already detected the event 0.5 ms ago) and enters the result 09 in the associated memory event in the input memory. He now knows that the trailing edge of the first wheel pulse occurred nine units equal to 4.5 ms after the occurrence of the leading wheel signal edge on the second wheel detector.
  • the microcomputer recognizes from the channel identifiers of the status bytes transmitted to it that it has completely read a first wheel signal into its input memory and then causes the time counter to be reset to its basic position. It also recognizes the presence of a second status byte, which is offered to it via the second input buffer.
  • the status message there is 0.5 ms behind the status message of the first input buffer that was fed to it with the same interrupt signal. It therefore adds the value 1 to the current counting position of the time counter and stores the value 01 found in this way in the associated event message in the input memory.
  • the time values are then stored for the individual event messages, which represent the time interval to the previously stored event value.
  • time value determinations are also possible, in particular those which designate the time interval between the individual flanks from the respective first driving event of a vehicle wheel at a wheel detection point. It is also conceivable to assign absolute time values from a timer provided for this purpose to the individual event messages. In any case, it is important that the microcomputer is able to make a sufficiently precise statement about the mutual offset of the wheel signals to be evaluated on the basis of the times or time periods recorded for the event messages.
  • the wheel detectors of the wheel detection point BP1 are activated within the observation period.
  • the wheel detectors of a plurality of wheel detection points will be activated nested in time.
  • separate time counters can be provided for the wheel detection points or there is only one common time counter, by means of which the time offset of the event messages from one another is detected, regardless of which wheel detector or wheel detection point they come from.
  • the application of the invention is not limited to the use of two fast input buffers for the time-critical reading of wheel signals.
  • the time values to be taken from a time counter in the input memory may have to be reduced by up to two or more counting steps.
  • the wheel signals can also be taken over and processed by several microcomputers of a secure microcomputer system, these microcomputers comparing in a running or event-controlled manner in order to identify processing faults in the evaluation of the wheel signals as early as possible.
  • the device according to the invention is not only useful for axle counting systems, but is also advantageously used for determining the speed of vehicle wheels passing a measuring section with two wheel detectors.
  • the same problem also arises here, namely to time-evaluate rapidly consecutive wheel pulses with a possibly slow evaluation device. It is also possible, with the device according to the invention, to trigger counting pulses for the axle counting, which are dependent on the direction of travel, for wheel counting, and also to obtain information about the speed of the passing vehicle wheels at the same time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)

Abstract

Les micro-ordinateurs (MC) relativement lents utilisés pour détecter le passage de trains ne sont capables jusqu'à maintenant de traiter régulièrement que des signaux de roues dont les flancs sont mutuellement plus éloignés que la durée de période des signaux d'interruption (INT) au moyen desquels ils saisissent les signaux de roues dans leur bloc d'entrée (ES). Afin de pouvoir maîtriser également des intervalles d'impulsions plus courts, un matériel connecté en amont saisit successivement les signaux de roues dans de préférence deux blocs d'entrée rapides (EZS1, EZS2). Le micro-ordinateur vérifie si le contenu de son bloc d'entrée au début de chaque signal d'interruption correspond au contenu réel des deux blocs temporaires d'entrée et reprend le cas échéant les valeurs réelles avec des valeurs de chronométrage qui indiquent quand les blocs temporaires d'entrée ont reconnu les signaux de roues. L'utilisation de deux blocs temporaires rapides d'entrée et la lecture sérielle de ces blocs permet de traiter même des signaux de roues dont les durées spécifiques d'influence sont plus courtes que la durée de période des signaux d'interruption.
PCT/DE1994/000838 1993-08-13 1994-07-13 Systeme de detection de roues de trains de preference a haute vitesse WO1995005302A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UA96020493A UA39960C2 (uk) 1993-08-13 1994-07-13 Пристрій для реєстрації переважно швидкісних залізничних коліс
AU72258/94A AU7225894A (en) 1993-08-13 1994-07-13 Arrangement for detecting preferably high-speed train wheels
LVP-96-44A LV11449B (en) 1993-08-13 1996-02-12 Arrangement for detecting signals of preferably high-speed train wheels

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4327674A DE4327674C2 (de) 1993-08-13 1993-08-13 Einrichtung zum Erfassen vorzugsweise schnellaufender Eisenbahnräder
DEP4327674.1 1993-08-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995005302A1 true WO1995005302A1 (fr) 1995-02-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1994/000838 WO1995005302A1 (fr) 1993-08-13 1994-07-13 Systeme de detection de roues de trains de preference a haute vitesse

Country Status (6)

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AU (1) AU7225894A (fr)
DE (1) DE4327674C2 (fr)
LV (1) LV11449B (fr)
RU (1) RU2121935C1 (fr)
UA (1) UA39960C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995005302A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10305470A1 (de) * 2003-02-13 2004-08-26 Schenck Process Gmbh Meßstrecke zur Erfassung unterschiedlicher physikalischer Größen schienengebundener Fahrzeuge
DE50301156D1 (de) * 2003-07-18 2005-10-13 Alcatel Sa Verfahren und Zählpunkt zur Ermittlung des Belegungszustandes eines Gleisabschnittes
DE102008040195A1 (de) 2008-07-04 2010-01-21 ME-Meßsysteme GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erfassung von schienengebundenen Fahrzeugbewegungen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0054490A1 (fr) * 1980-12-12 1982-06-23 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS FRANCE Société dite: Procédé et dispositif pour permettre l'échange d'information entre des systèmes de traitement d'information à vitesses de traitement différentes
DE3431171A1 (de) * 1984-08-24 1986-03-06 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung mit achszaehlung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0054490A1 (fr) * 1980-12-12 1982-06-23 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS FRANCE Société dite: Procédé et dispositif pour permettre l'échange d'information entre des systèmes de traitement d'information à vitesses de traitement différentes
DE3431171A1 (de) * 1984-08-24 1986-03-06 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Gleisfreimeldeeinrichtung mit achszaehlung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LV11449B (en) 1997-02-20
RU2121935C1 (ru) 1998-11-20
AU7225894A (en) 1995-03-14
LV11449A (lv) 1996-08-20
UA39960C2 (uk) 2001-07-16
DE4327674A1 (de) 1995-02-16
DE4327674C2 (de) 2002-10-02

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