WO1994021481A1 - Electric vehicle - Google Patents
Electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994021481A1 WO1994021481A1 PCT/JP1994/000450 JP9400450W WO9421481A1 WO 1994021481 A1 WO1994021481 A1 WO 1994021481A1 JP 9400450 W JP9400450 W JP 9400450W WO 9421481 A1 WO9421481 A1 WO 9421481A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power
- regenerative
- storage battery
- regenerative power
- air conditioner
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/22—Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
- B60H1/3208—Vehicle drive related control of the compressor drive means, e.g. for fuel saving purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D61/00—Brakes with means for making the energy absorbed available for use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
- F01P2011/205—Indicating devices; Other safety devices using heat-accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric vehicle provided with an electric air conditioner, and more particularly to an electric vehicle in which the energy use efficiency of the entire electric vehicle is improved.
- heat pump systems are generally used for air conditioners for electric vehicles.
- this air conditioner the low-temperature or high-temperature refrigerant used for indoor heating or cooling is exchanged with the outside air by a heat exchanger outside the vehicle, and evaporated or condensed and returned to the compressor, similarly to the room air conditioner. Circulating through the equipment.
- a regenerative brake using a traveling electric motor as a generator is generally used as an alternative to the engine brake of a conventional internal combustion engine.
- the electric motor for driving is used temporarily as a generator, partially converted into electric energy, and this electric energy is recovered in a storage battery, thereby serving as an auxiliary brake.
- lead-acid batteries are widely used in this type of electric vehicles because of their good cost and resource balance.
- the rechargeable battery is charged more than the appropriate charging current by a large amount of regenerative power when its remaining capacity is more than a certain level, the performance and life of the battery itself will deteriorate. There was a problem of significant damage.
- the interior heat exchanger having a smaller heat exchange capacity than the room air conditioner is used, so that it is sufficient to introduce cold outside air into the heat exchanger.
- the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant must be 10 times higher than the outside air temperature.
- An extremely low evaporation pressure value is set so as to be a low temperature, for example, 110 to 115, and a heating degree of 5 to 10 ° C is provided for further complete evaporation.
- the flow of the refrigerant is restricted in order to raise the temperature corresponding to the heating degree. As a result, the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration cycle was reduced, and the overall efficiency of the air conditioner was reduced.
- the refrigerant evaporates.
- the difference between the temperature and the outside temperature must be as large as possible.
- the evaporation temperature is set to an extremely low evaporation pressure value so as to be 110 to 115 ° C.
- the present invention provides an electric vehicle that can improve the energy use efficiency of the entire electric vehicle and extend the actual mileage by effectively utilizing surplus regenerative power. Confuse. Disclosure of the invention
- a first invention of the present application is directed to a driving motor driven by electric power from a storage battery, an air conditioner, and a method in which the motor is temporarily used as a generator when the vehicle is decelerated.
- an electric vehicle provided with regenerative braking means for generating power and charging a storage battery, an excess amount of regenerative power is obtained based on the amount of regenerative power by the regenerative brake and the allowable amount of regenerative power of the storage battery at the time of regenerative braking operation.
- An electric vehicle comprising: a surplus regenerative power determining means for determining the regenerative power; and a power distribution means for allocating the surplus regenerative power to the air conditioner based on the surplus regenerative power amount.
- the second invention of the present application relates to a driving motor driven by electric power from a storage battery, an air conditioner, and a temporary generation of the motor when the vehicle decelerates.
- An electric vehicle comprising: a surplus regenerative power determining unit that determines an amount of surplus regenerative electric power based on the amount of surplus regenerative electric power; .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an entire configuration of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a control system diagram of the air conditioner of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control operation of the air conditioner of the first embodiment.
- the energy balance of the electric vehicle of the first embodiment is shown, (a) is a traveling speed graph of the electric vehicle, (b) is a power graph consumed and outputted by the traveling motor, and (c) is a consumed power of the compressor. (D) is an output Z charging power graph of the storage battery.
- FIG. 6 is a control system diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an entire configuration of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an entire configuration of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an entire configuration of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the energy balance of the electric vehicle of the fifth embodiment is shown, (a) is a traveling speed graph of the electric vehicle, (b) is a power graph consumed by the driving motor, and (c) is a recovery by a resistor. (D) is a graph of the power consumed by the compressor, and (e) is a graph of the output Z charge power of the storage battery.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an air conditioner of an electric vehicle of the present embodiment using a heat pump as an operating principle of the air conditioner
- FIG. 2 is a control system diagram of the air conditioner of the present embodiment.
- the power of the air conditioner of this embodiment is synonymous with the power of the compressor of the heat pump.
- the air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment includes a compressor 2, an oil separator 3, a four-way valve 4, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger 5, and two sets of expansion valves 6, which are sequentially connected by piping. , 7, a vehicle interior heat exchanger 8, and an accumulator 9.
- refrigerant is sent out by the compressor 2, and the refrigerant is switched by the switching operation of the four-way valve 4 according to the cooling / heating operation of the air conditioner 1.
- the inside of these devices is circulated forward and backward.
- the compressor 2 has a built-in electric motor for driving the compressor.
- the operation of the built-in electric motor such as the number of revolutions is controlled by a compressor driving circuit 10 based on the driving power.
- Discharge power is supplied to the drive circuit 10 of the compressor 2 from the storage battery 11 during normal running of the electric vehicle.
- the storage battery 11 is connected to a driving motor 13 for driving an electric vehicle via a driving circuit 12 for the driving motor, and supplies discharge power in accordance with the vehicle speed. Further, a power distribution device 14 is provided between the storage battery 11 and the drive circuit 13. When the vehicle decelerates, the traction motor 13 is temporarily used as a generator to convert the kinetic energy corresponding to the reduced speed into electric energy and recover energy as regenerative power. A brake is configured.
- 11 a is a storage battery remaining capacity meter connected to the output terminal of the storage battery 11.
- the heat exchange cycle of the air conditioner 1 as a heat pump is performed in a high-temperature, high-pressure steam after being compressed by the compressor 2 and separated by the oil separator 3.
- the refrigerant is sent to the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 by the four-way valve 4, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat with the air in the vehicle interior using the heat of condensation of the compressed refrigerant, thereby heating the vehicle interior, and compressing the compressed air.
- the refrigerant is cooled to become a liquid refrigerant.
- the power distribution device 14 includes a power consumption indicating device 15, and an air conditioner power adjusting device 17 connected to the power consumption indicating device 15 and the temperature adjusting device 16.
- the air conditioner power adjustment device 17 is connected to the drive circuit 10 of the compressor 2 and controls the operation of the compressor 2.
- the power consumption indicator 15 is connected to a regenerative power detector 18 and a storage battery remaining capacity meter 11a.
- the temperature control device 16 is installed in the passenger compartment to keep the occupants comfortable.
- a temperature controller 19 that is manually set and a temperature detector 20 that is provided in the vehicle interior and detects the actual temperature inside the vehicle are connected.
- the target temperature set by the temperature controller 19 and the actual vehicle interior temperature by the temperature detector 20 are input to the temperature controller 16. You. Next, the difference between these two temperatures is calculated by the temperature controller 16, and this difference signal is output to the air conditioner power controller 17.
- the air conditioner power adjustment device 17 controls the operation of the compressor 2 based on the difference signal.
- the output signal from the temperature control device 16 is input to the four-way valve control device 21, and the connection of the four-way valve 4 is switched according to the value of this signal. In this way, the direction of flow of the refrigerant is switched, and the direction of heat transfer to and from the vehicle interior as a heat pump is selected to perform heating and cooling.
- the four-way valve control device 21 has a hysteresis for this signal input, thereby preventing unnecessary switching.
- This storage battery remaining capacity meter 11a is connected to the output terminal of the storage battery 11 and measures the input / output current and voltage of the storage battery 11 to display the remaining capacity of the storage battery 11 to the driver at that time. are doing. At the same time, the allowable regenerative power value according to the remaining capacity is output to the power consumption indicating device 15.
- the operation of the electric vehicle having such a configuration when the regenerative brake is actuated will be described.
- a certain amount of regenerative electric power is generated when the electric motor 13 for operation of the electric vehicle is operated as a generator.
- the regenerative power detector 18 detects this regenerative power amount, and a regenerative power signal is sent to the power consumption indicating device 15.
- the power consumption indicating device 15 calculates a difference between the regenerative power amount and the allowable regenerative power value of the storage battery 11. If this difference is eclipse, that is, the regenerative power If the regenerative power value is below the value, the power consumption indicating device 15 is not output, and all the regenerative power is collected in the storage battery 11.
- the power consumption indication value corresponding to the surplus is output to the air conditioner power controller 17. Is done. Then, the air conditioner power adjustment device 17 switches the compressor power instruction value indicated by the temperature adjustment device 16 during normal driving to the power consumption instruction value indicated by the power consumption instruction device 15. This compressor power instruction signal is output to the compressor drive circuit 10.
- the compressor 2 since the power consumption indication value during the regenerative braking operation is larger than the normal compressor power indication value, the compressor 2 must operate at or above the capacity required for ordinary air conditioning environment control. become. For example, in the heating mode, the temperature of the heat exchanger 5 outside the vehicle compartment decreases, and the temperature of the heat exchanger 8 inside the vehicle compartment increases. Therefore, the temperature inside the vehicle compartment is kept constant by performing the rotational speed control to increase the rotational speed of the blower 5a outside the vehicle compartment and, conversely, decrease the rotational speed of the blower 8a inside the vehicle compartment. This means that the heat exchangers 5 and 8 outside and inside the air conditioner 1 of the air conditioner 1 store the air conditioning capacity enhanced by the surplus regenerative power as heat. If the power consumption instruction value is smaller than the compressor power instruction value, the regenerative power is not stored as heat due to the capacity increase of the air conditioner, but the surplus regenerative power is completely stored in the air conditioner. Since it is used effectively, energy balance efficiency can be improved.
- the heating capacity is improved due to the storage of heat by the surplus regenerative electric power.
- the rotation speed of the compressor 2 is controlled by the vehicle interior temperature, the operation of the compressor 2 can be temporarily stopped or reduced. This will prevent excessive heating and maintain comfort, while at the same time providing air conditioning equipment with the temporarily unnecessary drive power of the compressor 2.
- the power consumption of the storage device 1 can be reduced, and the discharge output of the storage battery 11 after regeneration can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to extend the travelable distance per charge and to avoid a large discharge current of the storage battery, thereby improving the life of the storage battery.
- the four-way valve 4 is switched to the cooling mode to keep the vehicle interior at an appropriate temperature. .
- a compressor power limit signal is output directly from the storage battery remaining capacity meter 11a to the air conditioner power adjustment device 17
- the storage battery energy is consumed with priority on traveling, and the traveling distance per charge can be extended.
- step P101 the regenerative brake operates due to the deceleration of the electric vehicle and the like, and Is determined. If this regenerative power is generated, the process proceeds to step P102, and in this step P102, it is determined whether the regenerative power is larger than the allowable regenerative power of the storage battery, and no regenerative power is generated. In this case, the process proceeds to Step P104 to Step P106.
- Step P102 the regenerative electric power generated from the traveling motor as the regenerative brake is compared with the allowable regenerative electric power of the storage battery at the time of this regenerative braking operation, and this regenerative electric power is larger than the allowable regenerative electric power of the storage battery.
- the process proceeds to Step P103, and if the number is small, the process proceeds to Step P104 to Step P106.
- step P 103 excess regenerative power that cannot be absorbed by the regenerative power storage battery is increased by increasing the power consumption of the air conditioner. Absorbing. In other words, this surplus regenerative power is absorbed as driving power for the compressor of the air conditioner, and the excessive flow of the compressor increases the refrigerant flow rate, thereby increasing the capacity of the air conditioner as a heat pump. Is increasing. In addition, excessive heating due to the increased air-conditioning capacity is prevented by temporarily suppressing or stopping the operation of the air-conditioning system after the end of regeneration, and power consumption of the air-conditioning system is reduced by this operation restriction. ing. Then, after the completion of the process of P103, the process returns to Step P101, and a series of controls is continued, and 0 o
- step P104 when the regenerative brake is not operating or the regenerative electric power is equal to or less than the allowable regenerative electric power, it is determined whether the remaining capacity of the storage battery is sufficient. That is, if the capacity of the storage battery at that time is sufficient, the process proceeds to step P105, and if the capacity is insufficient, the process proceeds to step P106.
- the criterion for determining the capacity is determined in advance based on characteristics of each storage battery and the like, and is set, for example, as a ratio of the available remaining capacity at that time.
- step P105 since the capacity is sufficient, normal control is performed. That is, automatic air conditioning control of the air conditioner is performed according to the air conditioning environment inside and outside, and the power of the storage battery according to this control is consumed without restriction. Then, when the process in P105 ends, the process returns to step P101.
- step P106 the air conditioner enters the power saving mode, and the power consumption of the air conditioner is reduced.
- a certain upper limit is set for the power consumption of the air conditioner, and the battery power is not consumed beyond this limit. Therefore, the storage battery power remaining preferentially in the motor for driving the vehicle is allocated, and the mileage can be extended.
- the process returns to Step P101.
- FIG. 4 shows the energy balance of the electric vehicle of the present embodiment
- FIG. 5 shows the energy balance of the conventional electric vehicle.
- the vehicle weight of the electric vehicle of this embodiment and that of the conventional example are the same, that is, 1000 kg, and the loss due to running resistance during running is simplified as 5 kW irrespective of the speed.
- the vehicle is accelerated and decelerated by a 30 kW equal energy movement.
- the permissible regenerative power of the storage battery at this point is 10 kW, and this permissible amount corresponds to, for example, 10 OA for a 100 V, 200 Ah storage battery, and the discharge has progressed considerably. Immediately after complete charging, the permissible regenerative power becomes smaller.
- Fig. 5 (a) is the running speed of the electric vehicle, (b) is the power consumed and output by the driving motor, (c) is the energy consumed by the foot brake, and (d) is the power consumed by the compressor. (E) is the output Z charging power of the storage battery.
- the horizontal axis of each of these subfigure shows the time common to each of them.
- the energy balance during deceleration of the electric vehicle will be described in detail.
- the total of 10 kW, which is the allowable regenerative power of the storage battery, and 5 kW, which is the power consumption of the compressor is the energy that this electric vehicle can recover and absorb as electric energy.
- the energy that actually needs to be absorbed is 25 kW. kW.
- Subtracting 15 kW, which is the power that can be absorbed as electric energy, from this 25 kW to 10 kW, this 1 ⁇ kW is the energy consumed by the foot brake during the 5 second deceleration time.
- 15 kW is converted into electrical energy and recovered, and the remaining 10 kW is consumed by the photobrake and cannot be recovered .
- the output state of the storage battery is 1 O kW, which is the sum of compressor power consumption and running loss during constant speed running, and as described above during deceleration.
- the output state of the storage battery is 1 O kW, which is the sum of compressor power consumption and running loss during constant speed running, and as described above during deceleration.
- the time of charging and accelerating at 10 kW it becomes 40 kW which is the sum of the power consumption of the compressor, the running loss and the energy required for acceleration.
- FIG. 4 (a) is the speed of the electric vehicle, (b) is the Z output power of the driving motor, (c) is the power consumed by the compressor, and (d) is the discharge and charge power of the storage battery. .
- the horizontal axis of each subdivision indicates time and is common to all subdivisions.
- the electric power of the traveling motor is large and the braking assistance by the foot brake is not required during deceleration.
- the reason is that high-speed energy is recovered as electric energy and then stored in a heat exchanger or the like after conversion into heat energy. This is because In other words, all of the kinetic energy during deceleration can be converted to electrical energy and absorbed.
- the amount of charge to the storage battery at the time of regeneration is the amount of power that does not cover the storage battery as in the conventional example.
- the regenerative braking is strengthened and the air conditioning capacity is increased at the same time, and after deceleration, the air conditioner compressor can be stopped for a while.
- the output of the storage battery is reduced by the power consumption of the compressor, and the integral value of the power consumption can be reduced during this fixed time.
- the storage battery is discharged by large current discharge.
- power consumption of the compressor is temporarily reduced during acceleration immediately after deceleration, which is often used in general driving conditions. Since this eliminates the need for a battery, a large current discharge of the storage battery can be avoided, and there is an excellent effect that the burden on the storage battery is reduced.
- the description has been made centering on the heating mode of the air conditioner.
- the role of the internal and external heat exchanger is switched to the heat pump which alternately switches between the condenser and the evaporator.
- the regenerative electric power can be similarly used during the cooling operation to save energy consumption of the air conditioner.
- the state of the storage battery and the regeneration by the storage battery terminal voltmeter and the storage battery remaining capacity meter are determined.
- the power consumption of the air conditioner is stored in the storage battery. Since it can be increased according to the state and the regenerative state, excess regenerative power that cannot be absorbed by the storage battery during regenerative use can be used in the air conditioner.
- the surplus regenerative power can be stored as heat, the power consumption of the storage battery in the air conditioner can be saved, the energy efficiency can be improved, the mileage per charge of the electric vehicle can be extended, and the regenerative brake can be used. Enhancements can be achieved.
- FIG. 6 is a control system diagram of the present invention.
- an air conditioner 1 in which the power consumed by the compressor 2 is directly adjusted by a compressor power controller 22 is used.
- reference numeral 23 denotes a terminal voltmeter of the storage battery 11
- reference numeral 24 denotes a storage battery reference voltage generator for generating the maximum allowable voltage of the storage battery 11, which respectively compares a voltage signal and a reference voltage signal with a voltage comparator. Output to 25. Based on these two signals, the voltage difference 25 is obtained in the voltage comparator 25. If the storage battery voltage is higher, that is, if the regenerative power is too high, a power consumption instruction value corresponding to the difference is sent to the compressor power instruction signal switching device 26.
- FIG. 7 shows the overall configuration of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment. Since the basic device configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same devices are denoted by the same reference numerals. I do.
- the air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment includes a compressor 2, an oil separator 3, a four-way valve 4, a vehicle exterior heat exchanger 5, two sets of expansion valves 6, 7, An indoor heat exchanger 8 and an accumulator 9 constitute a main unit.
- the refrigerant is circulated through the interior of these devices in the forward and reverse directions according to the cooling and heating mode of the air conditioner 1.
- a vehicle interior heat storage means 30 is provided on the air introduction side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8, and two systems of bypass pipes 31 1 and 3 2 for introducing refrigerant into the vehicle interior heat storage means 30. Are connected to the inlet and outlet pipes of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 via three-way valves 31a and 32a, respectively, and check valves 3lb and 32b.
- the compressor 2 is driven for compression by a built-in electric motor, and the electric motor is supplied with electric power from the storage battery 11.
- a drive circuit 10 for driving the compressor 2 is connected to a power distribution device 14, and the power distribution device 14 can be connected to the drive circuit 12 for the storage battery 11 or the driving motor 13.
- the power distribution device 14 includes a regenerative power detector 18.
- the air conditioner 1 is in the operating state and the regenerative brake is operated, and the regenerative power detector 18 of the power distribution device 14 detects the regenerative power, the power distribution device 14 1 and the drive circuit 1 2 of the traveling motor 1 3 are disconnected as appropriate according to the chargeable state of the storage battery 1 1, while the drive circuit 10 of the compressor 2 is connected in a timely manner and the rotation of the compressor 2 By controlling the frequency, the regenerative power to the storage battery 11 and the compressor 2 is recovered.
- the refrigerant circulating inside the air conditioner 1 is compressed by the compressor 2 and separated by the oil separator 3 into oil.
- the compressed refrigerant in the high-temperature and high-pressure state is sent to the in-cabin heat exchanger 8 by the four-way valve 4.
- the heat exchange 8 in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat with the air in the vehicle interior only by the heat of condensation of the compressed refrigerant.
- the interior is heated, and as a result, the compressed refrigerant is cooled and becomes a liquid refrigerant.
- the power distribution device 14 operates the drive circuit 10 of the compressor 2 in accordance with the excess power.
- the driving circuit 10 is controlled to increase the rotation frequency of the compressor 2. With this control, the flow rate of the refrigerant circulated during the heat exchange cycle increases, so that the heating capacity of the air conditioner 1 increases.
- the air volume by the blower is kept constant or reduced. Therefore, the increased amount of the refrigerant flow is discharged from the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 in a gas state without being cooled.
- the three-way valve 32 a causes the refrigerant flow path to pass through the path to the vehicle interior heat storage means 30.
- the refrigerant is introduced into the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 through the bypass pipe 32, and the heat of condensation of the remaining gas refrigerant is accumulated in the vehicle interior heat storage means 30.
- the refrigerant completely cooled by the vehicle interior side heat storage means 30 passes through the check valve 32 a in the forward direction and is returned to the master, and bypasses the expansion valve 7 by the check valve 7 a. . Further, the refrigerant always passes through the expansion valve 6 by the check valve 6 a, is appropriately depressurized by the expansion valve 6, and is sent to the exterior heat exchanger 5. Then, this refrigerant evaporates by performing sufficient heat exchange with the outside air in the exterior heat exchanger 5 by controlling the rotation speed of the blower 5a appropriately.
- the refrigerant passes through the four-way valve 4 and the accumulator 9 and is sucked into the compressor 2 to start a new circulation cycle.
- heat storage Means 30 gradually retains a large amount of heat, and air having a higher temperature than during normal running is blown into vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 by blower 8a.
- the temperature difference from the condensing temperature of the compressed refrigerant is reduced, and the heating load of the air is reduced, so that the actual heating capacity is improved.
- the increase in the heating capacity appears as an increase in the temperature of the air blown out from the heat exchanger 8 in the vehicle interior, so that the heating of the vehicle interior becomes sufficient or excessive.
- the rotation frequency of the compressor 2 of the air conditioner 1 is usually controlled by the vehicle interior temperature, and after the effect of improving the heating capacity appears, the operating frequency of the compressor 2 is reduced or temporarily reduced. By stopping the operation, excessive heating can be prevented, and the power consumption of the air conditioner 1 can be reduced. Further, since the discharge output of the storage battery 11 can be temporarily reduced after the deceleration, the travelable distance per charge can be extended, and the life of the storage battery 11 can be improved.
- the refrigerant is constricted by the compressor 2 and separated by the oil separator 3.
- the compressed refrigerant in the high-temperature and high-pressure state is sent to the outside heat exchanger 5 by the four-way valve 4.
- this refrigerant is cooled by the blower 5a in the exterior heat exchanger 5, and becomes a liquid refrigerant.
- the liquid coolant bypasses the expansion valve 6 by the check valve 6a, passes through the expansion valve 7 by the check valve 7a, and is appropriately depressurized.
- the decompressed refrigerant passes through the three-way valve 32 a and is sent to the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 without being introduced into the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 by the check valve 32 b.
- the heat is exchanged with the room air to evaporate, and the air is sucked into the compressor 2 through the four-way valve 4 and the accumulator 9.
- the air conditioner 1 during normal traveling cools the vehicle interior by exchanging heat with the air in the vehicle interior only by the latent heat of vaporization of the gas-liquid refrigerant in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8.
- the air conditioner 1 at the time of deceleration operates the regenerative brake due to the deceleration of the vehicle and the power distribution device 14 detects the regenerative electric power
- the air conditioner 1 rotates the compressor 2 as in the heating operation described above.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant circulated during the heat exchange cycle increases, which increases the cooling capacity.
- the air volume by the blower is kept constant or reduced, and the increased portion of the refrigerant flow is discharged from the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 in a gas-liquid state without being evaporated. Therefore, by switching the refrigerant flow path by the three-way valve 31 a, the refrigerant is introduced into the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 through the bypass path 31, and the latent heat of vaporization of the remaining gas-liquid refrigerant is stored in the vehicle interior heat storage. Stored in means 30. The refrigerant completely evaporated by the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 passes through the check valve 31b and is returned to the master, and is sucked into the compressor 2 through the four-way valve 4 and the accumulator 9.
- the heat storage means 30 inside the vehicle compartment gradually retains a large amount of cold heat, and air at a lower temperature than during normal driving is blown by the blower 8a.
- the refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 8, and as a result, the temperature difference from the evaporation temperature of the compressed refrigerant is reduced and the air-cooling load is reduced, so that the actual cooling capacity is improved. Since the improvement in the cooling capacity appears as a decrease in the temperature of the air blown out from the heat exchanger 8 in the vehicle interior, the cooling in the vehicle interior becomes sufficient or excessive.
- the operating frequency of the compressor 2 is lowered or temporarily stopped to prevent excessive cooling, 1) power consumption can be reduced.
- the output value of the storage battery 11 after regeneration can be reduced, the travelable distance per charge can be extended, and the life of the storage battery 11 can be extended.
- bypass pipe 31 and the bypass pipe 3 2 Control of refrigerant supply by regenerative power detection as described above, with a structure that can introduce refrigerant at the inlet side of the heat exchanger 8 or a structure in which the bypass pipe 31 and the bypass pipe 32 are integrated into one bypass pipe Accordingly, the same effect as described above can be obtained by introducing the compressed refrigerant or the gas-liquid refrigerant directly into the vehicle interior heat storage means 30.
- this embodiment is an electric vehicle including a traveling motor driven by electric power supplied from a storage battery and an air conditioner, and including a power distribution device for distributing power to the electric motor.
- the indoor heat exchanger may be provided with a heat storage means for introducing the refrigerant on either the outlet side or the inlet side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger, or may be provided on the outlet side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger.
- a heat storage means for introducing one of the refrigerants on the inlet side is provided, and a refrigerant flow path control valve for controlling the supply of the refrigerant to each of the heat storage means is provided according to regenerative power detection of the power distribution device. .
- the power distribution device completely or appropriately disconnects the storage battery and the motor, and all or part of the regenerative power generated by the regenerative brake is removed from the air conditioner. It can be used as the driving power for the compressor 2 to increase the cooling and heating capacity.
- the excess heat of the cooling and heating in the heat storage means it can be used for adjusting or improving the cooling and heating capacity of the cabin, and can be used as the heat of cooling medium evaporation in the heat exchange cycle in winter.
- the regenerative power which could hardly be recovered by the storage battery alone, can be used effectively without waste, and a high energy balance can be achieved.
- FIG. 8 shows the overall configuration of the electric vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG.
- the air conditioner 1 has the same basic configuration as that of the third embodiment described above.
- the devices are denoted by the same reference numerals. The same applies to the operation of power distribution when the regenerative power detector 18 provided in the power distribution device 14 detects regenerative power and the rotation frequency control of the motor built in the compressor 2. It has been.
- a different point from the above embodiment is a configuration in which two systems of heat storage means are provided. That is, the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 is provided on the air introduction side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8, and the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34 is provided on the air introduction side of the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 5.
- a bypass pipe 31 for introducing refrigerant into the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 is connected to a three-way valve 31 a provided on a pipe on the four-way valve side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 and a check valve 31 b. , It is connected.
- a bypass pipe 35 for introducing refrigerant into the exterior heat storage means 34 is provided with a three-way valve 35 a and a check valve 35 b provided on a pipe on the expansion valve side of the interior heat exchanger 8. Connected via
- a heat exchange cycle during the heating operation in the present embodiment will be described.
- the flow of the refrigerant in the heat exchange cycle and the method of heating the cabin of the air conditioner 1 during normal running are the same as those in the above embodiment.
- the control of increasing the rotation frequency of the compressor 2 according to the excess charge capacity of the storage battery 11 when the power distribution device 14 detects the regenerative power is the same as in the third embodiment. Therefore, as in the heating operation in the third embodiment, the heating capacity is increased because the flow rate of the refrigerant circulated during the heat exchange cycle is increased, but the blower 8a is used to prevent overheating.
- the air volume is kept constant or reduced, and the increase in refrigerant flow is cooled. It is discharged from the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 in a gaseous state.
- the refrigerant passes through the bypass pipe 35 and is introduced into the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34, where the refrigerant is introduced into the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34.
- the heat of condensation of the remaining gas refrigerant is accumulated.
- the refrigerant completely cooled by the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34 is returned to the master through the check valve 35b, passes through the check valve 7a in the forward direction, and bypasses the expansion valve 7.
- the gas is passed through the expansion valve 6 by the operation of the check valve 6 a and depressurized appropriately, and is sent to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 5.
- the heat is sufficiently exchanged with the outside air by appropriate control of the rotation speed of the blower 5a to evaporate, and the air is sucked into the compressor 2 through the four-way valve 4 and the accumulator 9.
- the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34 gradually retains a large amount of heat, and as a result, air with a higher temperature than normal driving air is blown out of the vehicle interior by the blower 5a.
- the heat is sent to the heat exchanger 5, and the temperature difference from the evaporation temperature of the gas-liquid refrigerant is increased, so that the refrigerant is easily evaporated. That is, since the refrigerant evaporative load in the exterior heat exchanger 5 is significantly reduced, it is not necessary to lower the evaporation temperature to an extremely low level as in the conventional case, and the amount of air blown by the blower 5a can be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is possible to extend the mileage per charge and the life of the storage battery 11 by reducing power consumption and improving overall energy efficiency.
- the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the It can be realized and operated within a cycle.
- non-condensable refrigerant is supplied to both the vehicle interior heat storage means 30 and the vehicle interior heat storage means 34 to enhance the heating of the vehicle interior.
- refrigerant evaporation in the exterior heat exchanger 5 can be promoted. Therefore, in this case, the power consumption of the compressor 2 and the blowers 5a and 8a can be reduced at the same time, and a cooling and heating system with higher energy efficiency can be obtained.
- bypass pipe 35 of the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34 is structured so that the refrigerant on the inlet side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 can be introduced, and the refrigerant supply is controlled by regenerative power detection as described above. The same effect as described above can also be obtained by directly introducing the compressed refrigerant into the vehicle exterior heat storage means 34.
- the air conditioner is operated only when the regenerative electric power is collected, so that the surplus regenerative electric power is consumed as the driving electric power for the compressor and the blower, and the heat generated by the heat exchanger in the vehicle interior.
- the air conditioner By controlling the blowing of hot or cold air to the outside of the cabin, not only as a heat exchange cycle for the purpose of collecting and using regenerative power, it also protects the storage battery and regenerative power that strengthens the regenerative braking. It can also be used as a waste disposal method.
- the present invention relates to an electric vehicle equipped with an air conditioner and a power distribution device using an electric motor as a drive source, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger is provided with either an outlet side or an entrance side of the vehicle interior heat exchanger.
- Refrigerant supply control The control device is a refrigerant flow control valve that operates in response to the detection of regenerative power from the pre-electromotive force distribution device, so that when the regenerative brake operates due to deceleration etc.
- the power distribution device connects the storage battery and motor. Completely or moderately decoupled, all or part of the regenerative power is used as compressor drive power for air conditioners, and the heat generated by excess cooling / heating is stored in the heat storage means, and the heating / cooling capacity in the passenger compartment It can be used to adjust or improve the power, or used as refrigerant evaporation heat in winter heat exchange cycles, so that regenerative power, which could hardly be recovered by storage batteries alone, can be used effectively without waste. High efficiency of the branch is achieved. In addition, the temperature of the air blown out of the vehicle interior heat exchanger rises due to the above-described operation, and rapid and efficient indoor heating is achieved, so that the air conditioning environment can be improved.
- FIG. 9 shows the overall configuration of an air conditioner 1 used in the electric vehicle according to the present embodiment.
- the air conditioner 1 includes a compressor 2, an oil separator 3, a four-way valve 4, and a heat source outside the vehicle, which are sequentially connected by pipes. It comprises an exchanger 5, two sets of expansion valves 6, 7, a vehicle interior heat exchanger 8, and an accumulator 9.
- refrigerant is pressure-fed by the compressor 2, and the refrigerant flows through these devices in the forward and reverse directions by switching the four-way valve 4 in accordance with the cooling and heating operation of the air conditioner 1. It is circulating.
- the compressor 2 is driven by a built-in electric motor to compress the refrigerant, and the electric motor is supplied with electric power from a storage battery 11.
- the storage battery 11 is connected via a drive circuit 12 to a driving motor 13 for driving an electric vehicle, and supplies discharge power according to the vehicle speed. Further, a power distribution device 14 is provided between the storage battery 11 and the drive circuit 12. When the vehicle decelerates, the traction motor 13 is temporarily used as a generator to convert the kinetic energy corresponding to the reduced speed into electric energy, and recover the energy as regenerative power. A regenerative brake is configured.
- Two systems are provided as a heat recovery circuit for this regenerative electric power.
- One is a resistor 41 installed in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8, and the other is a resistor installed in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 5.
- 4 two. At least one of the connection terminals of these resistors 4 1 and 4 2 can be connected to the drive circuit 12 of the traction motor 13 via the power distribution device 14. Are not directly connected.
- This power distribution device 14 is provided with a regenerative power detector 18 and operates only when the air conditioner 1 is in the heating operation mode. That is, when the air conditioner 1 operates in the heating mode and the electric vehicle is normally running, the storage battery 11 is connected to the drive circuit 12, and the resistors 4 1 and 4 2 are connected to the storage battery 1. 1 and the drive circuit 12 are separated. In this case, when the regenerative brake operates to generate regenerative power in order to decelerate the electric vehicle, the regenerative power detector 18 of the power distribution device 14 detects the regenerative power. Then, the power distribution device 14 separates the storage battery 11 from the drive circuit 12 and connects at least one of the two resistors 41 and 42 to the drive circuit. As a result, surplus regenerative power can be recovered as heat in the heat recovery circuit.
- the air In the heating mode of the air conditioner 1, the air is compressed by the compressor 2.
- the steam refrigerant in a low temperature and high pressure state after the oil is separated by the oil separator 3 is sent to the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 by the four-way valve 4.
- the interior of the vehicle is heated by exchanging heat with the air in the interior of the vehicle only by the heat of condensation of the compressed refrigerant in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8, so that the compressed refrigerant is It is cooled to become a liquid refrigerant.
- the regenerative brake operates, the regenerative electric power generated by the traveling motor 13 is sent to at least one of the resistor 41 and the resistor 42 via the power distribution device 14, and this resistor
- the heat generated in the heat exchangers 41 and 42 heats the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 or the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 5.
- the resistor 41 of the heat recovery circuit provided in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 is specifically attached to a heat exchange part or a pipe at a refrigerant inlet part of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8.
- the heat exchange section of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 is gradually heated by the heat obtained by converting the regenerative electric power, and the compressed refrigerant introduced into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 is heated. It becomes a compressed refrigerant whose temperature is higher than the temperature when it is discharged from the machine 2, and the enthalpy rises.
- the air sent into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 is further heated during normal driving, and the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior from the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 rises. Heating capacity is improved.
- the rotation speed of the electric motor that drives the compressor 2 of the air conditioner 1 is normally controlled by the vehicle interior temperature.
- the regenerative power was used for the air conditioner 1 to increase the heating capacity.After the effect of this heating capacity improvement appeared, the motor of the compressor 2 was temporarily stopped or the rotation speed was reduced. Can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent excessive heating inside the vehicle, temporarily reduce the power consumption of the air conditioner 1, and reduce the discharge output value of the storage battery after regeneration. As a result, the travelable distance per charge can be extended, and the life of the storage battery 11 can be improved.
- the refrigerant cooled and liquefied by heat exchange in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 8 bypasses the expansion valve 7 by the check valve 7a, and is sent to the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 5 via the expansion valve 6. That is, since this refrigerant always passes through the expansion valve 6 by the check valve 6a, the refrigerant is moderately decompressed by the expansion valve 6 to become a low-temperature gas-liquid refrigerant, and reaches the heat exchanger 5 outside the vehicle compartment.
- a resistor 42 is attached to the exterior heat exchanger 5 in the same manner as the resistor 41 of the interior heat exchanger 8 described above.
- the power distribution device 14 may be provided with a terminal voltmeter 23 of the storage battery or a remaining capacity meter 11a of the storage battery as a state-of-charge monitoring device for determining an allowable regenerative power amount to the storage battery. In this way, when the discharge voltage of the storage battery is lower than the predetermined voltage, charging with regenerative power is performed, and when the discharge voltage is higher, regenerative power is distributed to the resistors 41 and 42 of the heat recovery circuit. Becomes possible.
- the distribution of the regenerative power to the resistors 41 and 42 in the heat recovery circuit can be arbitrarily determined by changing the respective resistance values or changing the energization time by installing additional switches, etc. Can be set You.
- FIG. 10 (a) is the speed of the electric vehicle, (b) is the consumption / output power of the driving motor, (c) is the energy recovered by the resistor, and (d) is the power consumed by the compressor. , (E) is the discharge Z charge power of the storage battery.
- the horizontal axis of each subdivision is time and is common to all subdivisions.
- the reason why the power generated by the traveling motor during deceleration is larger than that in the conventional example is that the total kinetic energy to be reduced at the time of low speed can be converted into electric energy and absorbed. That is, of the converted electric energy, surplus electric energy that cannot be recovered by the storage battery is stored as heat energy in the vehicle interior heat exchanger or the vehicle exterior heat exchanger by the resistor. In addition, the amount of charge to the storage battery during regeneration is limited to 15 kW, which does not cover the storage battery as in the conventional example. As a result, since the heating capacity of the air conditioner is improved, the compressor of the air conditioner can be stopped for a while after deceleration.
- the discharge output of the storage battery is reduced by the power consumption of the temporarily stopped compressor, and the power consumption is reduced for a certain period of time, and the integrated value is reduced.
- discharging a large current has adverse effects such as shortening of discharge efficiency and life.
- Such a large current discharge is required at the time of acceleration immediately after deceleration, which is often used in the driving conditions of ordinary electric vehicles.
- the power consumption of the compressor This eliminates the need for a battery, thereby reducing the burden on the storage battery, and has an excellent effect of increasing the discharge efficiency and extending the life of the storage battery.
- this embodiment is driven by the electric power from the storage battery.
- a resistor is provided in the motor and at least one of a vehicle interior heat exchanger and a vehicle exterior heat exchanger, and the resistor distributes power from a storage battery.
- the heat recovery circuit is connected to the power distribution device, and the power distribution device is provided with a regenerative power detection device or a storage battery charge state monitoring device. Therefore, if the regenerative brake operates during the heating operation of the air conditioner, the storage battery and the motor are completely or appropriately disconnected, and all or a part of the regenerative electric power generated by the regenerative brake is changed to the indoor resistance.
- the heat is converted into heat by a heat exchanger to heat the vehicle interior heat exchanger and used to improve the indoor heating capacity, or the same heat is generated by an outdoor resistor. It can be supplied to an outdoor heat exchanger to promote refrigerant evaporation. As a result, the regenerative power, which could hardly be recovered by the storage battery alone, can be used effectively without waste, so that the electric vehicle as a whole can achieve high efficiency in using energy.
- the above operation raises the temperature of the air blown out from the heat exchanger inside the vehicle, heating the vehicle interior quickly and efficiently, and allows the refrigerant outside the heat exchanger outside the vehicle to evaporate easily and completely.
- the charging power can always be allocated to the storage battery according to the state of consumption of the storage battery at that time, so that the protection and protection of the storage battery can be achieved and the life of the storage battery can be extended. Performance can be maintained.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/338,467 US5507153A (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1994-03-18 | Electric motor vehicle |
DE69413481T DE69413481T2 (de) | 1993-03-22 | 1994-03-18 | Elektrisches fahrzeug |
EP94910051A EP0640503B1 (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1994-03-18 | Electric vehicle |
JP52087894A JP3353299B2 (ja) | 1993-03-22 | 1994-03-18 | 電気自動車 |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6202093 | 1993-03-22 | ||
JP5/62020 | 1993-03-22 | ||
JP6201993 | 1993-03-22 | ||
JP5/62019 | 1993-03-22 | ||
JP7830293 | 1993-04-05 | ||
JP5/78302 | 1993-04-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994021481A1 true WO1994021481A1 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
Family
ID=27297715
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1994/000450 WO1994021481A1 (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1994-03-18 | Electric vehicle |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5507153A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0640503B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3353299B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69413481T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994021481A1 (ja) |
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JP2011178309A (ja) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-15 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調装置 |
JP2012020597A (ja) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-02-02 | Denso Corp | 車両用空調制御システム |
WO2012157049A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-22 | トヨタ自動車 株式会社 | 空調装置の制御装置 |
US9233613B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-01-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrically powered vehicle and method for controlling electrically powered vehicle |
JPWO2012169009A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2015-02-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両および電動車両の制御方法 |
WO2014109103A1 (ja) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-17 | クラリオン株式会社 | 空調制御装置および空調制御方法 |
JP2017186007A (ja) * | 2013-11-20 | 2017-10-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両の制御装置 |
US9878703B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2018-01-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Electrified vehicle with power dissipation feature |
JP2019115127A (ja) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-07-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電動車両 |
JP2019115124A (ja) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-07-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電動車両 |
US10889161B2 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2021-01-12 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric vehicle |
WO2022018393A1 (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-01-27 | Avid Technology Limited | Energy storage and release in an electric vehicle |
WO2022253445A1 (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-12-08 | Volvo Truck Corporation | An energy management system, a fuel cell system, a vehicle and a method of controlling an energy management system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0640503A4 (en) | 1995-07-26 |
DE69413481T2 (de) | 1999-03-11 |
JP3353299B2 (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
EP0640503A1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
US5507153A (en) | 1996-04-16 |
DE69413481D1 (de) | 1998-10-29 |
EP0640503B1 (en) | 1998-09-23 |
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