WO1994001998A1 - Process for producing substance inoculated with va mycorrhizal fungus - Google Patents

Process for producing substance inoculated with va mycorrhizal fungus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994001998A1
WO1994001998A1 PCT/JP1993/000801 JP9300801W WO9401998A1 WO 1994001998 A1 WO1994001998 A1 WO 1994001998A1 JP 9300801 W JP9300801 W JP 9300801W WO 9401998 A1 WO9401998 A1 WO 9401998A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mycorrhizal
mycorrhizal fungi
calcined
fungus
soil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1993/000801
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshikazu Sakai
Jin Miyamoto
Original Assignee
Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited
Priority to AU43561/93A priority Critical patent/AU4356193A/en
Priority to EP9393913523A priority patent/EP0606487A4/en
Publication of WO1994001998A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994001998A1/ja

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an inoculum of VA mycorrhizal fungi having a high spore density of VA mycorrhizal fungi, particularly those belonging to the genus Gigaspora, which are useful in fields such as agriculture and horticulture. . Background art
  • VA mycorrhizae (VA mycorrhizae), by coexisting with the roots of plants, promotes the growth of plants and has the function of improving the shochu disease of plants and the like.
  • VA mycorrhizae (VA mycorrhizae)
  • has been known for a long time (Makoto Ogawa: VA mycorrhiza and its function, forest location, Vol. 30 (2), pp. 57-65, pp. 1988)
  • Norihiko Kobayashi VA mycorrhizal fungi and its use in soil diseases, plant protection, Vol. 42, pp. 259-266, 1988, etc.).
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi especially VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigas-spora, are artificially grown and commercialized as VA mycorrhizal inoculants. Anything that can be used has not been manufactured.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi particularly VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora, and the culturing operation is complicated and costly. Is the main cause It is said that.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora a method that allows easy cultivation and mass production at low cost is desired. It is rare .
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi For example, by collecting VA mycorrhizal fungi from fallow soil, or inoculating fallow soil with VA mycorrhizal fungi and cultivating a suitable host plant on the soil.
  • a soil cultivation method for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi is known.
  • this soil cultivation method requires an operation to separate VA mycorrhizal fungal spores, and when raw soil is used, indigenous VA mycorrhizal fungi and pathogenic fungi are used. could be introduced. This can be avoided by disinfecting the soil with chemicals, steam, etc., but requires extra effort. In addition, a new problem arises in that the residual drug inhibits the growth of VA mycorrhizal fungi.
  • a porous material such as one light, mikilite, and clay is used as a growth medium for plants and VA mycorrhizal fungi.
  • Methods for growing VA mycorrhizal fungi (Methods and Principles of Mycorrhizal Research, edited by N. Schenck, The American Phytopatho 1 og i ca 1 Society, P61, 1982), and And use wheat, pepper, maize, sorghum, leeks, phenolic olea, peanuts, etc., vermicellites, pea. Cultivated on a carrier such as glass, pearlite, pymis, etc.
  • the method of propagation of the yeast (VA Mycorrhiza Conway LI, Powell D. Joseph Bagyaraj, CRC Press, p190, 1989) is known.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to Gigaspora were grown at a high density by these methods.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi have been proposed, for example, by forcibly flowering the plant by regulating the photoperiod.
  • a method of inducing spore formation Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-227680
  • a method of inducing spore formation by forcibly killing the plant by draining or the like Although there are known methods for induction, the plants must be discarded each time spores are formed, and it is difficult to continuously form spores.
  • the method of producing an inoculum of VA mycorrhizal fungi can be roughly divided into the following two methods. Not yet obtained.
  • the spores of VA mycorrhizal fungi increased in the soil and the like are separated and collected, and the spores are collected by vermiculite, agarite, and calcium.
  • An inoculum obtained by mixing granules with a carrier such as soil and an adhesive such as carboxyl methylcellulose and granulating the mixture (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-16569). , Obtained in the same manner except that a mixture of the above-mentioned carrier and charcoal was used.
  • an inoculant Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-103124
  • spores are damaged in the process of separating and granulating spores. It was difficult to produce good quality inoculum, as spores could be killed at high frequency due to being given or forced drying during the granulation process.
  • a porous material such as soil (JP-A-3-58771, JP-A-3-76772), foamed clay, pumice, etc.
  • a material having a structure Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 60-237879, 55-118390
  • a porous amphoteric ion exchanger Japanese Patent Application (See JP-A-63-879773)
  • plant roots and VA mycorrhizal fungi are symbiotic and increased, and the VA mycorrhizal fungi adhering to these carriers are intact intact.
  • the method used is known.
  • the fine-grained soil is used as a carrier for VA mycorrhizal fungi and is filled on the interface between the coarse-grained soil and the depth direction. Then, in the method of cultivating plants, the increased VA mycorrhizal fungi are collected and used in fine grain soil of 0.1 to lmm. For this reason, the fine-grained soil is broken during the manufacturing process (2 to 4 months), causing clogging. In this state, the supply of oxygen is sufficient It is not preferred for the growth of VA mycorrhizal fungi. Furthermore, there is a high risk of contaminants such as pathogenic bacteria.
  • a porous amphoteric ion exchanger is used as a carrier, and potatoes are used as host plants.
  • the host plants are limited to potatoes and the carrier itself is expensive and impractical, such as DEAE cellulose.
  • the spore density is also insufficient.
  • the present invention firstly cultivates a plant infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora on the basis of calcined Akadama soil,
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a VA mycorrhizal inoculum, which is characterized by growing the fungus.
  • the present invention relates to a method wherein a plant infected with a VA mycorrhizal fungus belonging to the genus Gigaspora is treated with calcined red clay.
  • fired red clay is used alone as a base material, or a mixture of fired red clay and fired fat paljat is used as a base material. They differ in their use.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi are a type of zygomycetes present in soil and their mycelia are known to form mycorrhizas on the roots of various plants, and that both coexist. You.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi In the method of the present invention, even among various VA mycorrhizal fungi, they belong to the genus Gigaspora, which has conventionally been difficult to grow at high density. VA mycorrhizal fungi are selectively used.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora include, for example, Gigaspora albida and Gigaspora ma-noregari. rgarita), Gigaspora gi-gantea, Gigaspora calo-spora, Gigaspora, Gigaspora he-terogama, etc. You can do it.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora can be collected from nature using a sieve or the like (Tatsuhiko Suzuki, Various Problems on VA Mycorrhiza 5, Agriculture Horticulture, Vol. 62, No. 3, p.
  • a plant which infects VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora that is, a host plant for culturing VA mycorrhizal fungi
  • a genus Gigaspora The plant is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant that is infected by the VA mycorrhizal fungi, but it is a plant that grows quickly, has a well-rooted plant, and belongs to the genus Gigaspora. Plants to which the VA mycorrhizal fungi belong easily are preferred.
  • Legumes such as peanuts, alfa and alpha, green onions, Examples include lilies such as onions.
  • These plants use seeds and seedlings, and after sowing and raising seedlings, they can be transplanted and cultivated, vegetatively propagated, cut, buds, cuttings, grafts, bulbs, etc. It is used for breeding and cultivation.
  • the substrate (culture medium) used is a base on which the host plant grows.
  • the material there is no particular limitation on the material, and various materials can be mentioned, regardless of whether it is an organic substance or an inorganic substance.
  • inorganic substances include zeolite, foamed clay (bray clay), tanolek, burlite, bamboo mullite, (calcined) Akadama, pumice, and lime. Rocks, soil, sand, cokes, etc. can be mentioned.
  • organic substances for example, peat moss and the like can be cited, and a mixed base material using a plurality of these may be used.
  • a sterilized substrate including calcination treatment
  • sterilized soil, baked red clay and the like are preferably used. be able to .
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora '' In terms of the method of infection, it can be applied either before or after the rooting of the host plant. However, it is particularly preferable at the time of sowing or pretreatment of cuttings, at the same time as sowing or cuttings, or at the time of transplanting seedlings. Also, the method of application For example, VA mycorrhizal fungi were mixed with the above-mentioned base material, placed at the root, applied as a layer to the lower layer of seeds and buds, or applied in a planting hole at the time of planting. Is preferred,
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi When infecting a plant with VA mycorrhizal fungi, it usually belongs to 1 to 100,000, and preferably 5 to 10,000, genus Gigaspora per plant.
  • the VA mycorrhizal fungal spores can be inoculated to the plant.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi By cultivating plants inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungi in a conventional manner, for example, at a temperature of 5 to 60 ° C, preferably 10 to 45 ° C, When cultivated under conditions of pH 3 to 9.5, preferably 4 to 7.5, VA mycorrhizal fungi infect the roots of the plants.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora is established.
  • the method of the present invention provides a plant which has been infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi as described above, which is obtained by heat-treating a red soil (reddish brown loam), and immediately firing the red soil, or preferably It is characterized in that it is cultivated using a mixture of this calcined akadama soil and calcined alginate (heat-treated athano, rujyait) as a base material.
  • the VA mycorrhizal fungus-infected plant which is the host plant, is planted in a medium based on calcined akadama or a mixture of calcined akadama and calcined attapulgite.
  • infection and cultivation may be performed in such a substrate from the beginning.
  • the fired red clay used here is obtained by firing red clay at a temperature of 200 to 100 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 250 to 85 ° C. Although there is no particular limitation, it is usually 0.3 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.
  • Attano. Rujite is 200 to 100000. C, preferably fired at 300-650.
  • the particle size is not particularly limited-it is usually between 0.3 and 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 3 mm.
  • the calcined akadama may be mixed at a ratio of 5 to 95 volumes, preferably at a ratio of 40 to 80 volumes.
  • charcoal, pumice, expanded clay, etc. can be mixed in the medium.
  • calcined Akadama clay or calcined Akadama The total of the mixture of soil and calcined palmite should be at least 80% by volume of the total medium.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora proliferate actively, and the mycelium of VA mycorrhizal fungi is used. Efficiently extends to the entire container filled with material. Fertilizers are given to plants infected with VA mycorrhizal fungi to induce spore formation while maintaining vegetative growth. In this way, the VA mycorrhizal fungi begin to form spores while the plants continue to grow vegetatively. Cultivation of the host plant may be performed under ordinary conditions, and the temperature is usually 5 to 60'C.
  • Fertilizers are given to grow plants vigorously. Fertilizers may be prepared or re- ferred or may be commercially available. Also, solid fertilizer may be used, or liquid fertilizer (liquid fertilizer) may be given to make it easy to control the fertilization.
  • VA-infected plant In this way, the vegetative growth of the VA-infected plant is maintained, but it induces sporulation of VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora at an appropriate time.
  • the calcined Akadama clay or a mixture of the calcined Akadama clay and the calcined attapulgite is recovered and inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungi.
  • Product (formulation) Dry and commercialize as necessary.
  • the drying may be performed at a temperature at which the spores and mycelia do not receive damage, for example, at a temperature of 70 ° C or less, preferably at a temperature of 20 to 50 ° C.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungal inoculum produced by the method of the present invention is inoculated at the time of raising seedlings of vegetables and fruit trees or cultivating ornamental plants. Infects VA mycorrhizal fungi. Plants can grow well.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungus-infected plant can be transferred to another new substrate (calcined red clay, Or a substrate consisting of a mixture of calcined red clay and calcined attapulgite), which can induce the spore formation of VA mycorrhizal fungi again. it can .
  • another new substrate calcined red clay, Or a substrate consisting of a mixture of calcined red clay and calcined attapulgite
  • VA mycorrhizal fungus-infected plants transplanted on a new substrate (substrate made of calcined akadama or a mixture of calcined akadama and calcined attapulgite).
  • a new substrate substrate made of calcined akadama or a mixture of calcined akadama and calcined attapulgite.
  • fertilizers and the like are given to induce spore formation while maintaining vegetative growth, and when the spore density is sufficiently increased, the base material is recovered.
  • isolate the VA mycorrhizal fungus-infected plant After drying and commercializing, isolate the VA mycorrhizal fungus-infected plant and transfer it to another new substrate again.
  • it is possible to obtain a sufficient amount of spores of VA mycorrhizal fungus by repeating from one VA mycorrhizal fungus-infected seedling a plurality of times.
  • Fired red gemstone obtained by firing red earth (reddish brown loam from Kanto loam) at 800 ° C in a vinyl pot with a volume of 150 milliliters (ml) (0.5 to 4 mm) as a base material, filling up to two-thirds of the pot capacity, and as a seed fungus, VA mycorrhizal fungi [collected from fallow land] Gigaspora margarita (Gigaspora margarita)) (The bacteria were rejected by the Agency for Research on Microorganisms, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
  • Example 2 Akadama clay fired at 800 ° C (particle size 0.5 To 4 mm) in a ratio of 1: 1 (volume ratio) (Example 2), commercially available unfired red clay (particle size 0.5 to 4 mm) (Comparative Example 1), or (3) Each of three pots was filled with vermiculite (particle size: 1 to 4 mm) (Comparative Example 2).
  • the chemical fertilizer (8-8-8) was mixed in the base material at a ratio of 5 g per liter of soil.
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi Gigaspora margarita
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi Gigaspora margarita
  • the VA mycorrhizal inoculum obtained in this way is recovered and the number of spores of attached VA mycorrhizal fungi (Gigaspora ma-rgarita) is measured. did.
  • Table 1 shows the average values for each of the three points in each area. In the unburned Akadama soil-use area (Comparative Example 1), contamination with spores of another VA mycorrhizal fungus, which is considered to be of the genus Glomus, was observed.
  • a white chlorono was used, and No. 5 plastic stick.
  • a pot base material a base material consisting only of calcined red clay (Example 3), a calcined apatite and calcined red clay in a ratio of 1: 2 (volume ratio).
  • a mixed base material (Example 4), a base material composed only of unfired red clay (Comparative Example 3), or natural black clay was used for autocreep (120 ° C). , 1 o'clock Intermediate sterilization) The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, except that a base material made of treated soil (Comparative Example 4) was used.
  • Table 2 shows the average number of spores contained in each of the three pots.
  • contamination with another VA mycorrhizal fungus, which is considered to be of the genus Glomus was observed.
  • Example 1 Example 2, and Comparative Example 1, the gigas polar 'In place of Margarita (Gigaspora margarita), Gigasp 0 ra albida (Note that the applicant is a person requesting the provision of this bacterium.
  • the preparation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1 except that the present bacterium was provided. Table 3 shows the results.
  • Example 5 Example 6 Comparative Example 5 Firing Firing
  • calcined akadama or, preferably, a mixture of calcined akadama and calcined attapulgite is used as a base material. It can prevent the invasion of indigenous VA mycorrhizal fungi and pathogenic bacteria, and can propagate VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora that was used purely as a seed fungus. Wear .
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora which had previously been difficult to proliferate even among VA mycorrhizal fungi, can be efficiently propagated.
  • the VA mycorrhizal inoculum which is easy to handle and has a high spore density and which stably retains its activity. (Pharmaceutical products) can be produced at low cost.
  • the VA mycorrhizal fungal growth substrate can be used as it is as a commercial product, the operation for spore separation is not required, and the operation is simplified. It is simple. Industrial applicability
  • VA mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Gigaspora which had previously been difficult to proliferate even among VA mycorrhizal fungi, can be efficiently propagated. Because of this, it can be used very effectively in fields such as agriculture and horticulture.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
PCT/JP1993/000801 1992-07-22 1993-06-15 Process for producing substance inoculated with va mycorrhizal fungus WO1994001998A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU43561/93A AU4356193A (en) 1992-07-22 1993-06-15 Process for producing substance inoculated with va mycorrhizal fungus
EP9393913523A EP0606487A4 (en) 1992-07-22 1993-06-15 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SUBSTANCE INOCULTED WITH VA MYKORRIZA MUSHROOMS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4/215738 1992-07-22
JP4215738A JPH0638736A (ja) 1992-07-22 1992-07-22 Ｖａ菌根菌接種物の製造方法

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994001998A1 true WO1994001998A1 (en) 1994-02-03

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PCT/JP1993/000801 WO1994001998A1 (en) 1992-07-22 1993-06-15 Process for producing substance inoculated with va mycorrhizal fungus

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EP (1) EP0606487A4 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPH0638736A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
AU (1) AU4356193A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
TW (1) TW273572B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
WO (1) WO1994001998A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4426851A1 (de) * 1994-07-28 1996-02-01 Blumenerdenwerk Stender Gmbh Pflanzballen für vegetativ und generativ vermehrte Pflanzen
WO2002077201A2 (en) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Anthony John Hilditch A method of preparing a growth substrate
KR100773298B1 (ko) * 2006-08-30 2007-11-05 순천대학교 산학협력단 인삼의 생산성향상을 위한 아버스큘라 균근균(ａｍｆ)접종원의 효과적 접종방법

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03247270A (ja) * 1990-02-23 1991-11-05 Central Glass Co Ltd Ｖａ菌根菌の増殖方法
JPH04179473A (ja) * 1990-11-14 1992-06-26 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd Ｖａ菌根菌製剤の製造方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0314439A3 (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-11-08 Native Plants Incorporated Microbial inoculants and methods for producing same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03247270A (ja) * 1990-02-23 1991-11-05 Central Glass Co Ltd Ｖａ菌根菌の増殖方法
JPH04179473A (ja) * 1990-11-14 1992-06-26 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd Ｖａ菌根菌製剤の製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0606487A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0606487A1 (en) 1994-07-20
AU4356193A (en) 1994-02-14
TW273572B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1996-04-01
EP0606487A4 (en) 1994-10-19
JPH0638736A (ja) 1994-02-15

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