Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
  • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
  • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the production of plastic threads or fibers from polymers, in particular polyamide, polyester or polypropylene, by melt spinning microfilaments, according to which the microfilaments drawn off at a predetermined take-off speed behind the spinneret in at least one cooling zone Cooling solidification temperature and then heated to a temperature above the solidification point for the purpose of stretching in a heating zone and at the same time blown with a gaseous medium to increase the frictional resistance or generate the required stretching stress.
• the plastic thread consists of 50 filaments - also called single capillaries - and has a capillary titer or single titer of at most 1.0 dtex, regularly of 3.0 dtex.
• the heating zone is formed by a relatively long heating tube, the length of which is 3 m.
• the filaments discharged from the spinneret are bundled after cooling, but before entering the heating tube to form the plastic filament to be heated for the purpose of stretching.
• Such bundling results in mutual contact of the filaments and consequently uneven heat treatment. This is disadvantageous for various reasons.
• the invention achieves this object in a generic method in that microfilaments with a single titer ⁇ 1.0 dtex are passed through the heating zone in an unbundled orientation - namely in parallel operation - and blown in countercurrent by the gaseous medium - for example air .
• Microfilaments with a single titer of 0.4 to 0.8 dtex are preferably used.
• the teaching of the invention is first of all based on the knowledge that blowing the microfilaments in the counter-current process increases the frictional resistance and easily achieves the tensile stress required for complete drawing.
• plastic threads or the plastic fibers or staple fibers for staple fibers * yarns which can be produced therefrom are distinguished by a particularly low elongation and can be used without further aftertreatment due to their thread fineness, so that fine, an ⁇ pliant and silk-like goods can be made.
• the stretching of the microfilaments therefore only takes place via the air resistance and the temperature in the heating zone.
• a titer that is as small as possible, in particular capillary titer is particularly favorable, because thread tension and thread temperature can then be influenced and adjusted more quickly and easily.
• the invention provides that the microfilaments are heated at 150 ° C to 250 ° C, preferably 220 ° C, in countercurrent and at a take-off speed> 3500 m / min to 8000 m / min, preferably 4500 m / min to 5500 m / min, are drawn through the heating zone.
• the heated microfilaments are expediently bundled only behind the heating zone, but before winding, so that they undergo particularly uniform treatment and drawing in the heating zone.
• the invention also relates to a system which is particularly suitable for carrying out the claimed method because of its simple and compact construction.
• This system with at least one spinneret, a blowing shaft, a heating shaft, a preparation device, godets and a winding device is characterized in that the heating shaft on the outlet side produces countercurrent blowing devices, for. B. has blowing nozzles and thread take-off device is arranged 0.8 m to 1.2 m below the spinneret and has a shaft length of 1 to 1.5 m, preferably 1.2 m. This reduces the overall height by practically 50% compared to the known system with regard to the heating zone. Furthermore, the degree of stretching of the microfilaments and consequently produced plastic threads can be varied by changing the heating temperature in the heating shaft and the air supply in counterflow.
• the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which represents only one exemplary embodiment.
• the single figure shows a system according to the invention for the production of fully oriented plastic threads 1 from microfilaments 2.
• the basic structure of this system has a spinneret 3 for producing the microfilaments 2, which are cooled in a subsequent blowing shaft 4.
• Below the blowing shaft 4 there is a heating shaft 5 through which the microfilaments 2 are guided in an unbundled manner and in a parallel arrangement, heated and blown in countercurrent. This is indicated by arrows.
• the heating shaft 5 is followed by a preparation device 6, namely an oiler or corresponding spray nozzles.
• the bundling of the microfilaments 2 into the individual plastic threads 1 takes place in the area of the preparation device 6.
• the plastic threads 1 are then fed via godets 7 to a winding device 8 or a winding head and wound up.
• the heating shaft 5 is located 0.8 m to 1.2 m below the spinneret 3 in the thread take-off direction and has a shaft length of 1 m to 1.5 m according to the exemplary embodiment of 1.2 m. Furthermore, the heating shaft 5 has counterflow-generating blowing devices 9, for. B. blowing nozzles.
• the plastic threads produced by the process according to the invention have an elongation ⁇ 40%, preferably from 20 to 30%, and a strength> 3.6, preferably> 4 cN / dtex. Such values can be achieved if the take-off speed is 4500 m / min and the individual titer of the microfilaments is ⁇ 1.0 dtex or the total titer of the relevant plastic threads is 30/48 dtex, i.e. the plastic threads consist of 48 microfilaments or single capillaries are formed. This is immediately clear from the table below.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6409778

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (5)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1990
  • 1990-07-06 DE DE4021545A patent/DE4021545A1/de active Granted
• 1991
  • 1991-05-18 EP EP91909385A patent/EP0491012B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-05-18 ES ES91909385T patent/ES2098354T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-05-18 WO PCT/DE1991/000420 patent/WO1992001093A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1991-05-18 KR KR1019920700491A patent/KR950001648B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1991-05-18 DE DE59108570T patent/DE59108570D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-07-05 CN CN91104039A patent/CN1050392C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-11-04 ID IDP83991A patent/ID17300A/id unknown
• 1997
  • 1997-03-03 GR GR970400419T patent/GR3022728T3/el unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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