Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
  • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
  • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device constituting a sail having the property of adapting to any type of ship, offering a substantial margin of safety during bad weather and making it possible to reach high speeds.
• the solutions can be classified into two types, that of the flexible veil and that of the rigid veil, regardless of thick or thin section.
• the "rigid wing” type sail has the drawback of being difficult to reverse when changing edges
• the lower surface becomes the upper surface and vice versa, hence the commonly used solutions of articulated wings or mechanically deformable profiles.
• the device comprises a flexible wing with self-inflating multicellular boxes used for planing parachutes, paragliders and certain kites.
• Said multicellular wing is used in the vertical, vertical-inclined position, maintained at its upper part at the mast and at its lower part at the ship, consisting of an outer wall: the upper surface, connected to an inner wall: the lower surface, by a series of vertically stacked partitions. These partitions have the distinction of being longer and wider as you approach the base, to give the wing, the shape of a wing. Openings are made along the leading edge so that each cell can inflate in the wind, thus ensuring the wing's self-lift.
• Figure 1 shows the device according to the invention.
• Figure 2 shows in partial view, one aspect of the device
• Figure 6 shows in section a variant of Figure 5.
• passers-by lies in their thinness, offering little wind resistance, their solidity and their low cost price.
• the two sides of the leading edge all along the openings (0) are reinforced over their entire height by inserts (14) ditto for the trailing edge. Inside these yokes (14) slide stiffeners (6). On the middle of the inserts at the level of each reinforced partition (5), a groove (38) is open. These grooves allow the risers to take out the stiffener (6) in order to tighten it.
• this stiffening device consisting of three stiffeners is to independently tension the two sides of the leading edge and the trailing edge, to allow the wing to be as rigid as possible in the wind: essential parameter wing self-lift.
• Three fixing lugs (30) are arranged at the three corners of the reinforced and overhanging partitions of the ends of the wing (4).
• the two fixing lugs (30) of the leading edge are stretched by two devices (31) integrated into the mistletoe (8) as well as the horn (10).
• Each device (31) consists of a screw and a guided nut on which hangs a fixing lug (30).
• the screw actuated by a winch handle translates the guided nut which independently tends to one of the two fixings on the leading edge.
• the screw of the two devices is locked by means of a detachable ratchet by simple pressure (not shown).
• the trailing edge fixing lug is fixed.
• the headrest and the edge of the wing are assembled by ropes (7) sewn on the outside of the reinforced partitions (4). These ropes (7) are housed in grooves (24) fixed inside the sides (19) of the horn (10) and of the mistletoe (8) thus ensuring the wing-horn, wing-mistletoe connections.
• the horn (10) and the mistletoe (8) are connected to the mast and to the ship in two different ways: on the horn (10) is fixed a swivel (11) where the mast halyard (12) hangs.
• the mistletoe (8) is connected to the ship by means of a hoist (13).
• the three points (9) of the hoist are adjustable, consisting of three sheaves mounted on three carriages which slide on a rail (15) bolted under the mistletoe (8).
• the strands of the hoist (13) at their lower end are grouped together on a multiple sheave pulley (16) articulated on a carriage (17) fitted with a swivel (18).
• This assembly (16, 17, 18) slides on a rail (20) fixed to the deck of the ship: therefore, the wing has its adjustable tack as well as its center of sail.
• the advantage of the adjustable tack point allows you to move the bottom of the wing; the top of the wing thus turns towards the wind, so that the vessel, while tilting, straightens the wing which increases its lift.
• the axis of rotation of the wing being adjustable by the three points (9) of the hoist (13) makes it possible to adjust its angle of attack: thus, the lift of the wing is variable.
• the maneuvering of the wing combines both as for parachutes, paragliders, and junk sailing.
• a hanger (32) is attached to each fin (34).
• the lines (32) are grouped into two beams and each beam is connected to a sheet (33).
• the wing has two sheets (33), one sheet guides the leading edge, the other listens to the trailing edge.
• the wing can be bordered by a simple listening attached to the mistletoe as for a classic terminal.
• Figure 5 The invention comprises two types of wings: the first more efficient type has an asymmetrical profile, as for paragliders, defined by a lower surface (1) and an upper surface (2).
• this type of wing is not reversible when changing edges.
• Two propulsive wings are therefore used, each adapted to tack.
• Their front openings of the leading edge (0) are oriented towards the lower surface at an angle which can be between approximately 15 ° and 80 °, to allow maximum air entry during the different positions, during maneuvers, the wing in crosswinds.
• the wing with the symmetrical profile is fixed to a mistletoe and to a horn and has the same adjustable hoist (13) of the same stiffening device and the same reefing device.
• the peculiarities of the wing with a symmetrical profile are its openings (0) centered on the leading edge, and which can either be associated with the lateral openings (35), or eliminated.
• the hollow mistletoe (8) has an essential role, it allows the wing to keep a rigid border while indirectly maintaining it on the deck of the ship.
• mistletoe forms a very elongated V.
• the two sides (19) of the mistletoe each contain a groove (24) where the headlines (7) are sewn at the edge of the wing.
• Two solutions make it possible to remove the reef bumps as well as the three stiffeners (6).
• the first solution (not shown) more economical and more practical, is suitable for wings of small areas.
• the three stiffeners (6) are straps as are the reef bumps. All these straps are tensioned individually by means of tensioners of a current model, widespread on the market.
• the second solution comprises a winch (25) fixed at the front end in the mistletoe (8); or two winches (not shown) fixed in front of each side (19) of the mistletoe (8).
• This winch (25) independently tends the two stiffeners (6) of the leading edge and that of the trailing edge and also tends the reef bumps, these reef bumps pass through fixed violins (26) mounted on the sides (19 ) of the mistletoe, run outside the mistletoe, pass under the cams of the jammers (27) and cross the sides of the mistletoe by stepped references (28) to access the winch individually, inside the mistletoe.
• the two stiffeners (6) of the leading edge descend on references (23) sliding on two rails (3) fixed in front of the mistletoe above the grooves (24) and access the winch (25) by "flat bridge” pulleys fitted with jammers (29) mounted on each side of the winch (25).
• the trailing edge stiffener first passes through a first deflection (23) located behind the sliding mistletoe on a third rail (3) fixed on the back of the groove (24) and ends at the winch (25). like the two previous stiffeners.
• the hollow mistletoe by its symmetrical shape adapts to all the profiles of the different wings of said invention, whether large or small. (The stiffeners (6) and the reef bumps in the second solution are ropes).
• the flexible wing and the flexible fixing fins (34) are essentially made of light and resistant fabrics glued and then sewn or welded in coated polyamide.
• the reinforcements (21), the inserts (14), the fixing lugs (30), the reinforced partitions (4), (5) are made of KEVLAR fabrics glued and then sewn or welded.
• the flexible grids (37) masking the openings (0) and the vents (35) are made of coated polyamide fibers.
• the stiffeners (6) the ropes (7) the lines (32) the sheets (33) are generally ropes in
• the loops (22), the reef bumps and the stiffeners (6) can also be reinforced polyamide straps.
• the horn (10) and the mistletoe (8) are made of molded composite materials.
• the rails (3), (15), (20) are made of light alloy.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 1990
  • 1990-05-29 FR FR9006643A patent/FR2662660A1/fr active Granted
• 1991
  • 1991-05-28 ZA ZA914027A patent/ZA914027B/xx unknown
  • 1991-05-29 WO PCT/FR1991/000425 patent/WO1991018787A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1991-05-29 AU AU79510/91A patent/AU7951091A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (5)

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