WO1991018787A1 - Sail propulsion device - Google Patents

Sail propulsion device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991018787A1
WO1991018787A1 PCT/FR1991/000425 FR9100425W WO9118787A1 WO 1991018787 A1 WO1991018787 A1 WO 1991018787A1 FR 9100425 W FR9100425 W FR 9100425W WO 9118787 A1 WO9118787 A1 WO 9118787A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wing
mistletoe
leading edge
openings
reinforced
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1991/000425
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Allan Brousse De Laborde
Original Assignee
Brousse De Laborde Patrick All
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brousse De Laborde Patrick All filed Critical Brousse De Laborde Patrick All
Publication of WO1991018787A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991018787A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device constituting a sail having the property of adapting to any type of ship, offering a substantial margin of safety during bad weather and making it possible to reach high speeds.
  • the solutions can be classified into two types, that of the flexible veil and that of the rigid veil, regardless of thick or thin section.
  • the "rigid wing” type sail has the drawback of being difficult to reverse when changing edges
  • the lower surface becomes the upper surface and vice versa, hence the commonly used solutions of articulated wings or mechanically deformable profiles.
  • the device comprises a flexible wing with self-inflating multicellular boxes used for planing parachutes, paragliders and certain kites.
  • Said multicellular wing is used in the vertical, vertical-inclined position, maintained at its upper part at the mast and at its lower part at the ship, consisting of an outer wall: the upper surface, connected to an inner wall: the lower surface, by a series of vertically stacked partitions. These partitions have the distinction of being longer and wider as you approach the base, to give the wing, the shape of a wing. Openings are made along the leading edge so that each cell can inflate in the wind, thus ensuring the wing's self-lift.
  • Figure 1 shows the device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows in partial view, one aspect of the device
  • Figure 6 shows in section a variant of Figure 5.
  • passers-by lies in their thinness, offering little wind resistance, their solidity and their low cost price.
  • the two sides of the leading edge all along the openings (0) are reinforced over their entire height by inserts (14) ditto for the trailing edge. Inside these yokes (14) slide stiffeners (6). On the middle of the inserts at the level of each reinforced partition (5), a groove (38) is open. These grooves allow the risers to take out the stiffener (6) in order to tighten it.
  • this stiffening device consisting of three stiffeners is to independently tension the two sides of the leading edge and the trailing edge, to allow the wing to be as rigid as possible in the wind: essential parameter wing self-lift.
  • Three fixing lugs (30) are arranged at the three corners of the reinforced and overhanging partitions of the ends of the wing (4).
  • the two fixing lugs (30) of the leading edge are stretched by two devices (31) integrated into the mistletoe (8) as well as the horn (10).
  • Each device (31) consists of a screw and a guided nut on which hangs a fixing lug (30).
  • the screw actuated by a winch handle translates the guided nut which independently tends to one of the two fixings on the leading edge.
  • the screw of the two devices is locked by means of a detachable ratchet by simple pressure (not shown).
  • the trailing edge fixing lug is fixed.
  • the headrest and the edge of the wing are assembled by ropes (7) sewn on the outside of the reinforced partitions (4). These ropes (7) are housed in grooves (24) fixed inside the sides (19) of the horn (10) and of the mistletoe (8) thus ensuring the wing-horn, wing-mistletoe connections.
  • the horn (10) and the mistletoe (8) are connected to the mast and to the ship in two different ways: on the horn (10) is fixed a swivel (11) where the mast halyard (12) hangs.
  • the mistletoe (8) is connected to the ship by means of a hoist (13).
  • the three points (9) of the hoist are adjustable, consisting of three sheaves mounted on three carriages which slide on a rail (15) bolted under the mistletoe (8).
  • the strands of the hoist (13) at their lower end are grouped together on a multiple sheave pulley (16) articulated on a carriage (17) fitted with a swivel (18).
  • This assembly (16, 17, 18) slides on a rail (20) fixed to the deck of the ship: therefore, the wing has its adjustable tack as well as its center of sail.
  • the advantage of the adjustable tack point allows you to move the bottom of the wing; the top of the wing thus turns towards the wind, so that the vessel, while tilting, straightens the wing which increases its lift.
  • the axis of rotation of the wing being adjustable by the three points (9) of the hoist (13) makes it possible to adjust its angle of attack: thus, the lift of the wing is variable.
  • the maneuvering of the wing combines both as for parachutes, paragliders, and junk sailing.
  • a hanger (32) is attached to each fin (34).
  • the lines (32) are grouped into two beams and each beam is connected to a sheet (33).
  • the wing has two sheets (33), one sheet guides the leading edge, the other listens to the trailing edge.
  • the wing can be bordered by a simple listening attached to the mistletoe as for a classic terminal.
  • Figure 5 The invention comprises two types of wings: the first more efficient type has an asymmetrical profile, as for paragliders, defined by a lower surface (1) and an upper surface (2).
  • this type of wing is not reversible when changing edges.
  • Two propulsive wings are therefore used, each adapted to tack.
  • Their front openings of the leading edge (0) are oriented towards the lower surface at an angle which can be between approximately 15 ° and 80 °, to allow maximum air entry during the different positions, during maneuvers, the wing in crosswinds.
  • the wing with the symmetrical profile is fixed to a mistletoe and to a horn and has the same adjustable hoist (13) of the same stiffening device and the same reefing device.
  • the peculiarities of the wing with a symmetrical profile are its openings (0) centered on the leading edge, and which can either be associated with the lateral openings (35), or eliminated.
  • the hollow mistletoe (8) has an essential role, it allows the wing to keep a rigid border while indirectly maintaining it on the deck of the ship.
  • mistletoe forms a very elongated V.
  • the two sides (19) of the mistletoe each contain a groove (24) where the headlines (7) are sewn at the edge of the wing.
  • Two solutions make it possible to remove the reef bumps as well as the three stiffeners (6).
  • the first solution (not shown) more economical and more practical, is suitable for wings of small areas.
  • the three stiffeners (6) are straps as are the reef bumps. All these straps are tensioned individually by means of tensioners of a current model, widespread on the market.
  • the second solution comprises a winch (25) fixed at the front end in the mistletoe (8); or two winches (not shown) fixed in front of each side (19) of the mistletoe (8).
  • This winch (25) independently tends the two stiffeners (6) of the leading edge and that of the trailing edge and also tends the reef bumps, these reef bumps pass through fixed violins (26) mounted on the sides (19 ) of the mistletoe, run outside the mistletoe, pass under the cams of the jammers (27) and cross the sides of the mistletoe by stepped references (28) to access the winch individually, inside the mistletoe.
  • the two stiffeners (6) of the leading edge descend on references (23) sliding on two rails (3) fixed in front of the mistletoe above the grooves (24) and access the winch (25) by "flat bridge” pulleys fitted with jammers (29) mounted on each side of the winch (25).
  • the trailing edge stiffener first passes through a first deflection (23) located behind the sliding mistletoe on a third rail (3) fixed on the back of the groove (24) and ends at the winch (25). like the two previous stiffeners.
  • the hollow mistletoe by its symmetrical shape adapts to all the profiles of the different wings of said invention, whether large or small. (The stiffeners (6) and the reef bumps in the second solution are ropes).
  • the flexible wing and the flexible fixing fins (34) are essentially made of light and resistant fabrics glued and then sewn or welded in coated polyamide.
  • the reinforcements (21), the inserts (14), the fixing lugs (30), the reinforced partitions (4), (5) are made of KEVLAR fabrics glued and then sewn or welded.
  • the flexible grids (37) masking the openings (0) and the vents (35) are made of coated polyamide fibers.
  • the stiffeners (6) the ropes (7) the lines (32) the sheets (33) are generally ropes in
  • the loops (22), the reef bumps and the stiffeners (6) can also be reinforced polyamide straps.
  • the horn (10) and the mistletoe (8) are made of molded composite materials.
  • the rails (3), (15), (20) are made of light alloy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A sail propulsion device using a flexible multicellular wing with self-inflating cells such as is used in paragliding some kites, etc. A flexibe wing comprises a top surface (2) and a bottom surface (1) with various partitions (4 and 5) forming the connections therebetween. Openings (0 and 35) are formed in the leading edge of the wing to provide lift. The inner portion of the wing is connected to a gaff (10) provided with a swivel (11) onto which is hooked the throat halyard (12), and the lower portion is connected to a boom (8) which is held on the boat by a movable pulley (13). Said device is designed for high-performance sailing boats but can be used without alteration on any kind of vessel or vehicle having a mast.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE PROPULSION VELIQUE VELIC PROPULSION DEVICE
La présente invention concerne un dispositif constituant une voile ayant la propriété de s'adapter à tout type de navire, offrant une marge de sécurité conséquente lors des intempéries et permettant d'atteindre des vitesses élevées. Les innovations dans le secteur de la voile sont nombreuses, leurs objectifs généralement : augmenter la portance des voiles pour gagner de la vitesse. Les solutions peuvent être classées en deux types, celui de la voile souple et celui de la voile rigide, indistinctement de section épaisse ou fine.The present invention relates to a device constituting a sail having the property of adapting to any type of ship, offering a substantial margin of safety during bad weather and making it possible to reach high speeds. There are many innovations in the sailing sector, their objectives generally: increasing the lift of the sails to gain speed. The solutions can be classified into two types, that of the flexible veil and that of the rigid veil, regardless of thick or thin section.
Ces deux types de voiles tendent le plus souvent à se conformer au profil d'aile d'avion comportant un bord d'attaque et un bord de fuite, un intrados (intrados : partie concave de l'aile situé au vent et par opposition à l'extrados de forme convexe situé sous le vent).These two types of sails most often tend to conform to the profile of an airplane wing comprising a leading edge and a trailing edge, a lower surface (lower surface: concave part of the wing located in the wind and as opposed to the convex upper surface located downwind).
La voile de type "aile rigide" présente l'inconvénient d'être difficilement réversible aux changements de bords oùThe "rigid wing" type sail has the drawback of being difficult to reverse when changing edges where
1'intrados devient 1'extrados et inversement d'où les solutions couramment employées d'ailes articulées ou de profils déformables mécaniquement.The lower surface becomes the upper surface and vice versa, hence the commonly used solutions of articulated wings or mechanically deformable profiles.
Les solutions de voilures en milieu marin demeureront toujours des compromis parce qu'elles doivent obéir à un IMPERATIF : la SECURITESail solutions in the marine environment will always remain compromises because they must obey an IMPERATIVE: SAFETY
C'est-à-dire : le minimum de poids dans les hauteurs tout en assurant le maximum de surface. Mais surtout la possibilité de réduire très rapidement la surface, lorsque la force du vent augmente ou que l'état de la mer se dégrade.That is to say: the minimum weight in the heights while ensuring the maximum surface. But above all, the possibility of reducing the surface very quickly, when the wind strength increases or the state of the sea deteriorates.
C'est généralement devant cet impératif de sécurité que les solutions modernes stagnent et que par leur principe même, les inventions sophistiquées ou complexes ne résistent pas à la fatigue imposée par le contexte marin.It is generally before this imperative of security that modern solutions stagnate and that by their very principle, sophisticated or complex inventions do not resist the fatigue imposed by the marine context.
Le dispositif selon l'invention, de par la simplicité de sa conception, sa légèreté, permet de remédier aux impératifs de sécurité tout en assurant par l'efficacité du principe utilisé, une portance élevée, constituant une voile performante et offrant l'avantage de s'adapter à tout type de navire ou de véhicule pourvus d'un mât sans qu'aucune modification n'intervienne. En effet, le dispositif comporte selon une première caractéristique, une aile souple à caissons multicellulaires auto-gonflants utilisée pour les parachutes planants, les parapentes et certains cerfs-volants. Ladite aile multicellulaire est employée dans la position verticale, verticale-inclinée, maintenue à sa partie supérieure au mât et à sa partie inférieure au navire, constituée d'une paroi extérieure : l'extrados, relié à une paroi intérieure : l'intrados, par une série de cloisons s'empilant verticalement. Ces cloisons ont la particularité d'être plus longues et plus larges à mesure que l'on s'approche de la base, pour donner à la voilure, la forme d'une aile. Des ouvertures sont pratiquées le long du bord d'attaque afin que chaque cellule puisse se gonfler au vent, assurant ainsi l'auto- portance de l'aile.The device according to the invention, by the simplicity of its design, its lightness, makes it possible to remedy the security requirements while ensuring by the effectiveness of the principle used, a high lift, constituting a high-performance sail and offering the advantage of adapting to any type of ship or vehicle fitted with a mast without any modification occurring. In fact, according to a first characteristic, the device comprises a flexible wing with self-inflating multicellular boxes used for planing parachutes, paragliders and certain kites. Said multicellular wing is used in the vertical, vertical-inclined position, maintained at its upper part at the mast and at its lower part at the ship, consisting of an outer wall: the upper surface, connected to an inner wall: the lower surface, by a series of vertically stacked partitions. These partitions have the distinction of being longer and wider as you approach the base, to give the wing, the shape of a wing. Openings are made along the leading edge so that each cell can inflate in the wind, thus ensuring the wing's self-lift.
Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention :The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention:
La figure 1 représente le dispositif selon 1'invention. - La figure 2 représente en vue partielle, un aspect du dispositifFigure 1 shows the device according to the invention. - Figure 2 shows in partial view, one aspect of the device
- La figure 3 représente en vue de côté, un élément du dispositif- Figure 3 shows in side view, an element of the device
- La figure 4 représente en vue de dessus, la figure 3. - La figure 5 représente en coupe AA la figure 1.- Figure 4 shows in top view, Figure 3. - Figure 5 shows in section AA Figure 1.
- La figure 6 représente en coupe une variante de la figure 5.- Figure 6 shows in section a variant of Figure 5.
En référence à ces dessins :With reference to these drawings:
(figure 1) : Comparée à l'aile d'un parapente, la présente invention doit être plus résistante, avoir un meilleur maintien en cas de déventement, supporter toutes les tractions, tous les efforts exercés lors des prises de ris et éventuellement endurer les fausses manoeuvres.(Figure 1): Compared to the wing of a paraglider, the present invention must be more resistant, have better support in the event of a winding down, support all pulls, all the forces exerted during reefing and possibly endure the wrong maneuvers.
(Figure 2) : Aussi les cloisons (5) sont renforcées et des renforts (21) sont cousus au niveau des jointures sur(Figure 2): Also the partitions (5) are reinforced and reinforcements (21) are sewn at the joints on
MENT 1'extrados (2) et 1'intrados (1) à 1'extérieur. Ces renforts extérieurs remplissent un deuxième rôle, ils constituent des bandes de ris au besoin : des passants (22) y sont cousus à intervalles réguliers, pour que des bosses de ris s'y accrochent pour permettre les prises de ris.ME N T The upper surface (2) and the lower surface (1) outside. These external reinforcements fulfill a second role, they constitute reef bands if necessary: passers-by (22) are sewn there at regular intervals, so that reef bumps hang there to allow reefing.
L'intérêt des passants réside dans leur faible épaisseur, offrant peu de prise au vent, leur solidité et leur faible prix de revient.The interest of passers-by lies in their thinness, offering little wind resistance, their solidity and their low cost price.
Les deux côtés du bord d'attaque tout le long des ouvertures (0) sont renforcées sur toute leur hauteur par des empiècements (14) idem pour le bord de fuite. A l'intérieur de ces empiècements (14) coulissent des raidisseurs (6). Sur le milieu des empiècements au niveau de chaque cloison renforcée (5), est ouverte une saignée (38). Ces saignées permettent lors des prises de ris de faire sortir le raidisseur (6) afin de le retendre.The two sides of the leading edge all along the openings (0) are reinforced over their entire height by inserts (14) ditto for the trailing edge. Inside these yokes (14) slide stiffeners (6). On the middle of the inserts at the level of each reinforced partition (5), a groove (38) is open. These grooves allow the risers to take out the stiffener (6) in order to tighten it.
L'intérêt de ce dispositif de raidissage constitué de trois raidisseurs a pour but de tendre indépendamment les deux côtés du bord d'attaque et le bord de fuite, pour permettre à l'aile d'être autant que possible rigide au vent : paramètre indispensable à 1'auto-portance de l'aile.The advantage of this stiffening device consisting of three stiffeners is to independently tension the two sides of the leading edge and the trailing edge, to allow the wing to be as rigid as possible in the wind: essential parameter wing self-lift.
(figures 1, 4, 5, 6) : l'aile est fixée (en haut) par sa têtière à une corne creuse (10) et par sa bordure (en bas) à un gui creux (8).(Figures 1, 4, 5, 6): the wing is fixed (top) by its headrest to a hollow horn (10) and by its edge (bottom) to a hollow mistletoe (8).
Trois pattes de fixation (30) sont disposées aux trois angles des cloisons renforcées et débordantes des extrémités de l'aile (4). Les deux pattes de fixations (30) du bord d'attaque sont tendues par deux dispositifs (31) intégrés au gui (8) ainsi qu'à la corne (10).Three fixing lugs (30) are arranged at the three corners of the reinforced and overhanging partitions of the ends of the wing (4). The two fixing lugs (30) of the leading edge are stretched by two devices (31) integrated into the mistletoe (8) as well as the horn (10).
Chaque dispositif (31) se compose d'une vis et d'un écrou guidé sur lequel s'accroche une patte de fixation (30). La vis actionnée par une manivelle de winch assure la translation de l'écrou guidé qui tend indépendamment une des deux fixations du bord d'attaque. Le verrouillage de la vis des deux dispositifs s'effectue au moyen d'un cliquet débrayable par simple pression (non illustré).Each device (31) consists of a screw and a guided nut on which hangs a fixing lug (30). The screw actuated by a winch handle translates the guided nut which independently tends to one of the two fixings on the leading edge. The screw of the two devices is locked by means of a detachable ratchet by simple pressure (not shown).
La patte de fixation du bord de fuite est fixe. La têtière et la bordure de l'aile sont assemblées par des ralingues (7) cousues à l'extérieur des cloisons renforcées (4). Ces ralingues (7) viennent se loger dans des gorges (24) fixées à l'intérieur des côtés (19) de la corne (10) et du gui (8) assurant ainsi les liaisons aile- corne, aile-gui.The trailing edge fixing lug is fixed. The headrest and the edge of the wing are assembled by ropes (7) sewn on the outside of the reinforced partitions (4). These ropes (7) are housed in grooves (24) fixed inside the sides (19) of the horn (10) and of the mistletoe (8) thus ensuring the wing-horn, wing-mistletoe connections.
La corne (10) et le gui (8) sont reliés au mât et au navire de deux manières différentes : sur la corne (10) est fixé un émérillon (11) où vient s'accrocher la drisse de mât (12) .The horn (10) and the mistletoe (8) are connected to the mast and to the ship in two different ways: on the horn (10) is fixed a swivel (11) where the mast halyard (12) hangs.
La liaison du gui (8) au navire est réalisée par le biais d'un palan (13). Les trois points (9) du palan sont réglables, constitués de trois réas montés sur trois chariots qui coulissent sur un rail (15) boulonné sous le gui (8).The mistletoe (8) is connected to the ship by means of a hoist (13). The three points (9) of the hoist are adjustable, consisting of three sheaves mounted on three carriages which slide on a rail (15) bolted under the mistletoe (8).
Les brins du palan (13) à leur extrémité inférieure se regroupent sur une poulie à multiples réas (16) articulée sur un chariot (17) équipé d'un émérillon (18).The strands of the hoist (13) at their lower end are grouped together on a multiple sheave pulley (16) articulated on a carriage (17) fitted with a swivel (18).
Cet ensemble (16, 17, 18) coulisse sur un rail (20) fixé sur le pont du navire : de ce fait, l'aile a son point d'amure réglable ainsi que son centre de voilure.This assembly (16, 17, 18) slides on a rail (20) fixed to the deck of the ship: therefore, the wing has its adjustable tack as well as its center of sail.
L'intérêt du point d'amure réglable permet de déplacer le bas de l'aile ; le sommet de l'aile s'oriente ainsi vers le vent, si bien que le navire en gitant redresse l'aile qui augmente sa portance.The advantage of the adjustable tack point allows you to move the bottom of the wing; the top of the wing thus turns towards the wind, so that the vessel, while tilting, straightens the wing which increases its lift.
L'axe de rotation de l'aile étant réglable par les trois points (9) du palan (13) permet de régler son angle d'attaque : ainsi, la portance de l'aile est variable.The axis of rotation of the wing being adjustable by the three points (9) of the hoist (13) makes it possible to adjust its angle of attack: thus, the lift of the wing is variable.
La manoeuvre de l'aile se combine à la fois comme pour les parachutes, les parapentes, et la voile de jonque.The maneuvering of the wing combines both as for parachutes, paragliders, and junk sailing.
Au niveau des cloisons renforcées (5) où des ailettesAt the reinforced partitions (5) where fins
(34) souples y sont cousues. A chaque ailette (34) est fixée une suspente (32). Les suspentes (32) se regroupent en deux faisceaux et chaque faisceau est relié à une écoute (33) .(34) flexible are sewn there. A hanger (32) is attached to each fin (34). The lines (32) are grouped into two beams and each beam is connected to a sheet (33).
L'aile comporte deux écoutes (33), une écoute oriente le bord d'attaque, l'autre écoute le bord de fuite. Eventuellement, en croisière, l'aile peut être bordée par une écoute simple fixée au gui comme pour une borne classique. (figure 5) : L'invention comporte deux types d'ailes : le premier type plus performant a un profil asymétrique, comme pour les parapentes, défini par un intrados (1) et un extrados (2) .The wing has two sheets (33), one sheet guides the leading edge, the other listens to the trailing edge. Optionally, when cruising, the wing can be bordered by a simple listening attached to the mistletoe as for a classic terminal. (Figure 5): The invention comprises two types of wings: the first more efficient type has an asymmetrical profile, as for paragliders, defined by a lower surface (1) and an upper surface (2).
Par le fait, ce type d'aile n'est pas réversible aux changements de bords. Deux ailes propulsives sont donc utilisées, chacune adaptée à une amure. Leurs ouvertures frontales du bord d'attaque (0) sont orientées vers l'intrados selon un angle qui peut être compris entre 15° et 80° environ, pour permettre une entrée d'air maximale au cours des différentes positions, aux manoeuvres, de l'aile par vents de travers.In fact, this type of wing is not reversible when changing edges. Two propulsive wings are therefore used, each adapted to tack. Their front openings of the leading edge (0) are oriented towards the lower surface at an angle which can be between approximately 15 ° and 80 °, to allow maximum air entry during the different positions, during maneuvers, the wing in crosswinds.
(figure 6) : Le deuxième type, différent du parapente par son profil symétrique, défini par deux extrados (2) identiques, est de moindre performance que l'aile asymétrique du fait de sa plus faible portance mais, par contre, offre l'avantage d'être réversible aux changements de bords. (Ce type de voilure pourra équiper les chars à voile etc... ) .(Figure 6): The second type, different from the paraglider by its symmetrical profile, defined by two identical upper surfaces (2), is less efficient than the asymmetrical wing due to its lower lift but, on the other hand, offers the advantage of being reversible at edge changes. (This type of wing can be fitted to sand yachts, etc.).
De même que pour l'aile asymétrique, l'aile au profil symétrique est fixée à un gui et à une corne et dispose du même palan réglable (13) du même dispositif de raidissage et du même dispositif de prise de ris.As for the asymmetrical wing, the wing with the symmetrical profile is fixed to a mistletoe and to a horn and has the same adjustable hoist (13) of the same stiffening device and the same reefing device.
Les particularités de l'aile à profil symétrique, sont ses ouvertures (0) centrées sur le bord d'attaque, et pouvant être soit associées aux ouvertures latérales (35), soit supprimées.The peculiarities of the wing with a symmetrical profile are its openings (0) centered on the leading edge, and which can either be associated with the lateral openings (35), or eliminated.
(figures 1, 2) : Des ouvertures latérales (35) sont ajoutées sur toute la hauteur de l'aile de chaque côté du bord d'attaque dans la partie avant des extrados, ces ouvertures permettent à l'aile de garder sa portance lors des manoeuvres par vents de travers. Un dispositif de clapet de retenue d'air constitué de membranes (36) fixées à l'intérieur de ces ouvertures latérales (35) laisse dégagées les ouvertures latérales situées au vent et obstrue les ouvertures latérales opposées qui sont sous le vent. Les ouvertures dans une aile souple constituent une rupture de son profil et accentuent ses déformations : préjudiciable au bon écoulement de l'air.(Figures 1, 2): Lateral openings (35) are added over the entire height of the wing on each side of the leading edge in the front part of the upper surfaces, these openings allow the wing to keep its lift during crosswind maneuvers. An air check valve device made up of membranes (36) fixed inside these lateral openings (35) leaves open the side openings located in the wind and obstructs the opposite lateral openings which are under the wind. The openings in a flexible wing constitute a rupture of its profile and accentuate its deformations: detrimental to the good flow of air.
Pour y remédier, toutes les ouvertures (0) du bord d'attaque ainsi que toutes les ouvertures latérales (35) sont masquées par des grilles (37) souples à tamis fin afin de réduire les déformations. Ces grilles souples doivent filtrer l'air qui gonfle les caissons et servir de surface d'applique aux membranes (36) afin d'obstruer les ouvertures latérales (35) situées sous le vent.To remedy this, all the openings (0) of the leading edge as well as all the lateral openings (35) are masked by flexible grids (37) with fine sieves in order to reduce the deformations. These flexible grids must filter the air which inflates the boxes and serve as a surface for applying the membranes (36) in order to block the lateral openings (35) located downwind.
(figures 3, 4) : Le gui creux (8) a un rôle essentiel, il permet à l'aile de conserver une bordure rigide tout en la maintenant indirectement au pont du navire.(Figures 3, 4): The hollow mistletoe (8) has an essential role, it allows the wing to keep a rigid border while indirectly maintaining it on the deck of the ship.
Sa section est en U. Vu de dessus, le gui forme un V très allongé. Les deux côtés (19) du gui contiennent chacun une gorge (24) où se logent les ralingues (7) cousues à la bordure de l'aile. Deux solutions permettent d'étarquer les bosses de ris ainsi que les trois raidisseurs (6).Its section is U-shaped. Seen from above, the mistletoe forms a very elongated V. The two sides (19) of the mistletoe each contain a groove (24) where the headlines (7) are sewn at the edge of the wing. Two solutions make it possible to remove the reef bumps as well as the three stiffeners (6).
- La première solution, (non illustrée) plus économique et plus pratique, convient aux ailes de petites surfaces. Les trois raidisseurs (6) sont des sangles de même que les bosses de ris. Toutes ces sangles se tendent individuellement au moyen de tendeurs d'un modèle courant, répandu sur le marché.- The first solution, (not shown) more economical and more practical, is suitable for wings of small areas. The three stiffeners (6) are straps as are the reef bumps. All these straps are tensioned individually by means of tensioners of a current model, widespread on the market.
- la deuxième solution, plus complexe, comprend un winch (25) fixé à l'extrémité avant dans le gui (8) ; ou deux winchs (non illustrés) fixés en avant de chaque côté (19) du gui (8). Ce winch (25) tend indépendamment les deux raidisseurs (6) du bord d'attaque et celui du bord de fuite et tend également les bosses de ris, ces bosses de ris passent par des violons fixes (26) montés sur les côtés (19) du gui, courent à l'extérieur du gui, passent sous les cames des coinceurs (27) et traversent les côtés du gui par des renvois étages (28) pour accéder individuellement au winch, à l'intérieur du gui.- The second solution, more complex, comprises a winch (25) fixed at the front end in the mistletoe (8); or two winches (not shown) fixed in front of each side (19) of the mistletoe (8). This winch (25) independently tends the two stiffeners (6) of the leading edge and that of the trailing edge and also tends the reef bumps, these reef bumps pass through fixed violins (26) mounted on the sides (19 ) of the mistletoe, run outside the mistletoe, pass under the cams of the jammers (27) and cross the sides of the mistletoe by stepped references (28) to access the winch individually, inside the mistletoe.
Les deux raidisseurs (6) du bord d'attaque descendent sur des renvois (23) coulissant sur deux rails (3) fixés en avant du gui au-dessus des gorges (24) et accèdent au winch (25) par des poulies "plat pont" équipées de coinceurs (29) montés de chaque côté du winch (25). Le raidisseur du bord de fuite passe d'abord par un premier renvoi (23) situé à l'arrière du gui coulissant sur un troisième rail (3) fixé sur l'arrière de la gorge (24) et aboutit au winch (25) comme les deux raidisseurs précédents. Le gui creux par sa forme symétrique s'adapte à tous les profils des différentes ailes de ladite invention, qu'elles soient de grandes ou de petites tailes. (Les raidisseurs (6) et les bosses de ris dans la deuxième solution sont des cordages).The two stiffeners (6) of the leading edge descend on references (23) sliding on two rails (3) fixed in front of the mistletoe above the grooves (24) and access the winch (25) by "flat bridge" pulleys fitted with jammers (29) mounted on each side of the winch (25). The trailing edge stiffener first passes through a first deflection (23) located behind the sliding mistletoe on a third rail (3) fixed on the back of the groove (24) and ends at the winch (25). like the two previous stiffeners. The hollow mistletoe by its symmetrical shape adapts to all the profiles of the different wings of said invention, whether large or small. (The stiffeners (6) and the reef bumps in the second solution are ropes).
A titre d'exemple peuvent être employés les matériaux suivants : - l'aile souple et les ailettes souples de fixation (34) sont essentiellement réalisées en tissus légers et résistants collés puis cousus ou soudés en polyamide enduit.By way of example, the following materials can be used: - the flexible wing and the flexible fixing fins (34) are essentially made of light and resistant fabrics glued and then sewn or welded in coated polyamide.
- les renforts (21), les empiècements (14), les pattes de fixation (30), les cloisons renforcées (4), (5) sont réalisés en tissus KEVLAR collés puis cousus ou soudés.- the reinforcements (21), the inserts (14), the fixing lugs (30), the reinforced partitions (4), (5) are made of KEVLAR fabrics glued and then sewn or welded.
- les grilles (37) souples masquant les ouvertures (0) et les évents (35) sont en fibres polyamides enduits.- The flexible grids (37) masking the openings (0) and the vents (35) are made of coated polyamide fibers.
- les raidisseurs (6) les ralingues (7) les suspentes (32) les écoutes (33) sont généralement des cordages en- the stiffeners (6) the ropes (7) the lines (32) the sheets (33) are generally ropes in
KEVLAR, éventuellement en polyamide pour leur enrobage et leur âme en KEVLAR. les passants (22), les bosses de ris et les raidisseurs (6) peuvent aussi être des sangles polyamides renforcées.KEVLAR, possibly in polyamide for their coating and their core in KEVLAR. the loops (22), the reef bumps and the stiffeners (6) can also be reinforced polyamide straps.
- la corne (10) et le gui (8) sont réalisés en matériaux composites moulés.- the horn (10) and the mistletoe (8) are made of molded composite materials.
- les rails (3), (15), (20), sont en alliage léger. - the rails (3), (15), (20) are made of light alloy.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Dispositif de propulsion vélique, fonctionnant en position verticale ou en position inclinée, s'adaptant notamment à un navire muni d'un mât, du type utilisant le principe de la voilure souple multicellulaire, à caissons auto-gonflants équipant les parapentes, des cerfs- volants..., caractérisé en ce qu'il a notamment la configuration d'une aile, constituée d'un extrados (2) relié à un intrados (1) par une série de cloisons ou nervures (4) et (5), et comportant des ouvertures (0) et (35), maintenu à sa partie supérieure par la drisse du mât, relié à sa partie inférieure au pont du navire, il se borde avec au moins une écoute, sa surface vélique est réductible; et sont réglables : son point d'amure, son axe de rotation, son bord d'attaque et son bord de fuite.1) Vélique propulsion device, operating in vertical position or in inclined position, adapting in particular to a ship provided with a mast, of the type using the principle of the flexible multicellular wing, with self-inflating caissons equipping the paragliders, kites ..., characterized in that it has in particular the configuration of a wing, consisting of an upper surface (2) connected to a lower surface (1) by a series of partitions or ribs (4) and (5 ), and having openings (0) and (35), held at its upper part by the mast halyard, connected at its lower part to the deck of the ship, it is bordered with at least one sheet, its velic surface is reducible; and are adjustable: its tack, its axis of rotation, its leading edge and its trailing edge.
2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la section de l'aile s'élargit entre l'intrados (1) et l'extrados (2) et s'allonge entre le bord d'attaque et le bord de fuite à mesure que se rapproche la base de l'aile.2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the section of the wing widens between the lower surface (1) and the upper surface (2) and elongates between the leading edge and the trailing edge at as the base of the wing approaches.
3) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'aile a un profil asymétrique défini par un intrados (1) et un extrados (2) et délimitant les ouvertures (0) du bord d'attaque orientées vers l'intrados selon un angle qui peut varier d'une aile à l'autre entre 15° et 80° environ.3) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wing has an asymmetrical profile defined by a lower surface (1) and an upper surface (2) and delimiting the openings (0) of the leading edge oriented towards the '' pressure surface at an angle which can vary from one wing to another between 15 ° and 80 ° approximately.
4) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que l'aile a un profil symétrique, défini par deux extrados identiques (2) pouvant délimiter des ouvertures centrées dans le bord d'attaque, des ouvertures latérales (35) munies du dispositif de clapets de retenue d'air (36), sont situées dans la partie avant des deux extrados (2) .4) Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the wing has a symmetrical profile, defined by two identical upper surfaces (2) capable of delimiting openings centered in the leading edge, lateral openings (35 ) fitted with the air check valve device (36), are located in the front part of the two upper surfaces (2).
5) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le bord d'attaque et le bord de fuite comportent un dispositif de raidissage constitué de raidisseurs (6) coulissant dans des empiècements (14) lesdits bords comportant des passages ou saignées (38) permettant de sortir ces raidisseurs (6) pour qu'ils soient étarqués . 6) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des cloisons (5) renforcées, au niveau desquelles sont fixés des passants (22) de prises de ris et des ailettes souples de fixation (34) où s'accrochent des bosses de ris, et des suspentes (32).5) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leading edge and the trailing edge comprise a stiffening device constituted by stiffeners (6) sliding in inserts (14) said edges comprising passages or grooves (38) allowing these stiffeners (6) to come out so that they are constricted. 6) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises reinforced partitions (5), at the level of which passers-by (22) are taken from reefs and flexible fixing fins (34) where s 'hook reef bumps, and lines (32).
7) Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des cloisons renforcées (4) aux extrémités de l'aile pouvant sensiblement déborder du profil de l'aile, des ralingues (7) entourent lesdites cloisons renforcées (4) munies de pattes de fixations aux extrémités.7) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises reinforced partitions (4) at the ends of the wing which can substantially extend beyond the profile of the wing, ropes (7) surround said reinforced partitions ( 4) provided with fixing lugs at the ends.
8) Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une corne (10) se fixant à la cloison renforcée (4) supérieure de l'aile et un gui (8) se fixant à la cloison renforcée (4) inférieure de l'aile pour rigidifier et le sommet et la base de l'aile, pour tendre lesdites pattes de fixations, des dispositifs "vis-écrous" (31) étant intégrés audit gui (8) et à ladite corne (10) ainsi que des gorges (24) pour recevoir lesdites ralingues (7), alors que soit un winch (25) est placé à l'extrémité du gui ( 8 ) , soit des winchs placés autrement audit gui (8 ) , tendent les bosses de prises de ris et le dispositif de raidissage constitué de raidisseurs (6).8) Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a horn (10) attaching to the reinforced partition (4) upper wing and a mistletoe (8) attaching to the reinforced partition (4) lower of the wing to stiffen both the top and the base of the wing, to tension said fixing lugs, "screw-nut" devices (31) being integrated into said mistletoe (8) and said horn (10) as well as grooves (24) for receiving said line ( 7 ), while either a winch (25) is placed at the end of the mistletoe (8), or winches placed otherwise on said mistletoe (8), tend the bumps ris and the stiffening device consisting of stiffeners (6).
9) Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le gui (8) comprend un rail (15) et au moins une écoute.9) Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the mistletoe (8) comprises a rail (15) and at least one sheet.
10) Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un palan (13) d'amure a ses points (9) hauts réglables positionnés sur ledit rail (15) pour régler l'axe de rotation de l'aile, les brins à la partie inférieure dudit palan (13) étant regroupés sur un point d'amure réglable comprenant une poulie articulée montée sur un chariot mobile coulissant sur un rail (20) fixé sur le pont du navire. 10) Device according to claim 9, characterized in that a tackle hoist (13) has its points (9) adjustable high positioned on said rail (15) to adjust the axis of rotation of the wing, the strands at the lower part of said hoist (13) being grouped together on an adjustable tack comprising a hinged pulley mounted on a movable carriage sliding on a rail (20) fixed on the deck of the ship.
PCT/FR1991/000425 1990-05-29 1991-05-29 Sail propulsion device WO1991018787A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR90/06643 1990-05-29
FR9006643A FR2662660A1 (en) 1990-05-29 1990-05-29 Sail propulsion device

Publications (1)

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WO1991018787A1 true WO1991018787A1 (en) 1991-12-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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AU (1) AU7951091A (en)
FR (1) FR2662660A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991018787A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA914027B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3044289B1 (en) 2015-11-30 2018-10-05 Gilles Serre SEGMENTED RIGID SAIL

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2151368A (en) * 1936-08-28 1939-03-21 Andresen Halvor Tobi Heyerdahl Arrangement in sail sheets
US3391668A (en) * 1967-01-13 1968-07-09 Birchill Joseph Sail
GB1153056A (en) * 1966-10-17 1969-05-21 Leonard Jack Cook Improvements in Sails for Sailing Craft
FR2470046A1 (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-05-29 Serve Yvan Sailing vessel with mainsail - has whole width battens and main sheet attached to each pair of battens through pulleys
US4856448A (en) * 1988-04-11 1989-08-15 Peyman R Allan Harmonica sail

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2151368A (en) * 1936-08-28 1939-03-21 Andresen Halvor Tobi Heyerdahl Arrangement in sail sheets
GB1153056A (en) * 1966-10-17 1969-05-21 Leonard Jack Cook Improvements in Sails for Sailing Craft
US3391668A (en) * 1967-01-13 1968-07-09 Birchill Joseph Sail
FR2470046A1 (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-05-29 Serve Yvan Sailing vessel with mainsail - has whole width battens and main sheet attached to each pair of battens through pulleys
US4856448A (en) * 1988-04-11 1989-08-15 Peyman R Allan Harmonica sail

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FR2662660A1 (en) 1991-12-06
ZA914027B (en) 1992-05-27
AU7951091A (en) 1991-12-31
FR2662660B1 (en) 1994-04-22

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