Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/02—Elements
  • C08K3/04—Carbon
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
  • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/02—Elements
  • C08K3/08—Metals

Definitions

• plastics processing industry requires antistatic or electrically conductive modifications of conventional polymers for a wide variety of purposes (e.g. to discharge electrostatic charges, to shield electromagnetic fields or as electrodes).
• the polymers used include thermoplastic polymers, but also thermosetting polymers and paints are given a conductive finish.
• the equipment used is colored carbon black and so-called “conductive carbon black” (carbon blacks with a specific surface area of> 80 m 2 / g), carbon fibers, metal-coated glass balls, metal fibers and flakes; Mixtures of conventional with intrinsically conductive polymers are already known (EP-OS 168 620). Such mixtures are often also referred to as “compounds" or "polymer blends”.
• the present invention relates to a method for optimizing antistatic or electrically conductive polymers, fine-particle conductive Substances, ie those with a particle size around 1 ⁇ m and below, are used.
• Carbon blacks and dispersible intrinsically conductive polymers for example those described in EP-OS 329 768, have the advantage that the conductivity increases drastically even at a content of less than 20% by volume, in some cases even well below 10% by volume. This behavior is usually referred to as "percolation” and described with the percolation theory; recently there has also been an interpretation of this phenomenon as a "flocculation process" (cf. B. essling, Mol.Cryst.Liqu. Cryst. 160, 205 (1988) and Synth.Met. 27, A83 (1988)).
• the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method which, as an alternative and / or supplement to the “conductor track” and “dispersion concept”, opens up a further possibility for optimizing polymers modified to be antistatic or conductive.
• the invention relates to a process for the preparation of antistatic or conductive polymeric compositions with increased conductivity from at least one non-conductive matrix polymer and at least two additives, which is characterized in that a combination of
• C a finely divided non-conductive substance with an average particle size ⁇ 50 microns used.
• the conductivity of the compound increases significantly if a finely divided (preferred average particle size ⁇ 1 ⁇ m) conductive substance A with another conductive substance B, which preferably consists of larger ones Particles of> 0.5 ⁇ m, e.g. around 10 ⁇ m (1-50 ⁇ m), and / or a non-conductive substance C, which has an average particle size ⁇ 10 ⁇ m.
• a finely divided (preferred average particle size ⁇ 1 ⁇ m) conductive substance A with another conductive substance B which preferably consists of larger ones Particles of> 0.5 ⁇ m, e.g. around 10 ⁇ m (1-50 ⁇ m), and / or a non-conductive substance C, which has an average particle size ⁇ 10 ⁇ m.
• a conductivity synergism occurs, i.e. with the same proportion by weight or volume of the finely divided conductive substance A alone or the coarser substance B alone, the conductivity is lower than when A and B are incorporated together in the same proportion by weight or volume. You can achieve a higher conductivity by combining A and B than with A or B alone with the same degree of filling.
• Carbon black with a specific surface area of> 80 m 2 / g or powdery, preferably dispersible, intrinsically conductive polymers in complexed form, which preferably have a particle size of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m in the polymer matrix, are suitable as substance A. ⁇ 500 nm.
• Suitable intrinsically conductive polymers are, for example, polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyphenylenes, polythiophenes, polyphthalocyanines and other polymers with conjugated ⁇ -electron systems, which are made (complexed) with acids or by oxidation in a known manner. Complexed polyanilines are particularly preferred.
• Graphites are suitable as substance B.
• Intercalated graphite is particularly preferred (cf. Römpp, Chemie Lexikon, 8th edition, pp. 1540/41 (1981)), e.g. graphite loaded with copper (III) chloride or with nickel (III) chloride.
• Electrode graphite or natural graphite can also be used.
• Metal powder can also be used as substance B.
• the particle size of substance B is preferably larger than that of substance A.
• substance C Almost all pigments, fillers and other non-conductive, particulate, non-meltable under processing conditions or insoluble in the polymer matrix with an average particle size of approximately 50 ⁇ m downwards can be used as substance C.
• the particle size of substance C is preferably larger than that of substance A. Restrictions with regard to The chemical composition of the particles has not yet been found. So you can use titanium dioxide, organic or inorganic pigments, fillers such as silicas, chalk, talc, etc., but also the neutral (compensated), non-conductive forms of the intrinsically conductive polymers.
• All polymers are suitable as matrix polymers, be it thermoplastics, thermosets or lacquers.
• the invention can also be used in polyblend, particularly successfully in those according to the teaching of EP-OS 168 620.
• the volume ratio between the substances A and B or between A and C or between A and a combination of B and C can be varied within a wide range between approximately 20: 1 and 1:20 and requires optimization in individual cases.
• the following guide values can be given as preferred for
• the examples show a representative selection of successful experiments and corresponding comparative tests.
• the incorporation of substances A and B and / or C can be carried out by conventional methods known per se; it is preferred to premix the substances A and B and / or C before incorporation into the matrix polymer.
• PE is LUPOLEN® 2424H (BASF AG).
• PETG is a copolyester from Eastman Kodak.
• the lacquer (examples 27 to 32) is a solvent-containing PVC / VA copolymer lacquer.
• the additives were incorporated into PE and PETG in an internal mixer after premixing substances A, B and, if necessary, C in a laboratory mixer.
• the mixing batches were hot-pressed; the specific conductivity was determined on the compacts using four-point measurement technology.
• the additives were incorporated into the coating system after premixing in a ball mill.
• the liquid lacquer was spread on a support and dried.
• Ketjenblack EC conductive carbon black, surface approx. 800 m 2 / g.
• Graphite EP 1010 electrode graphite, particle size approx. 10 ⁇ m.
• Polyaniline pTs polyaniline complexed with p-toluenesulfonic acid. maximum possible degree of filling

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Conductive Materials (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
• Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6396666

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1989
  • 1989-12-30 DE DE3943420A patent/DE3943420A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1990
  • 1990-12-22 CA CA002048602A patent/CA2048602C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-22 EP EP91901588A patent/EP0461232B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-22 DK DK91901588.3T patent/DK0461232T3/da active
  • 1990-12-22 ES ES91901588T patent/ES2108041T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-22 KR KR1019910701022A patent/KR100187568B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-12-22 WO PCT/EP1990/002311 patent/WO1991010237A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1990-12-22 JP JP3501827A patent/JP3056247B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-22 DE DE59010761T patent/DE59010761D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-12-22 AT AT91901588T patent/ATE158438T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1991
  • 1991-08-29 FI FI914077A patent/FI114583B/fi active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events