WO1991008344A1 - Methode de construction de ponts suspendus - Google Patents

Methode de construction de ponts suspendus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991008344A1
WO1991008344A1 PCT/NO1990/000173 NO9000173W WO9108344A1 WO 1991008344 A1 WO1991008344 A1 WO 1991008344A1 NO 9000173 W NO9000173 W NO 9000173W WO 9108344 A1 WO9108344 A1 WO 9108344A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cables
girder
lifting
hanger
bridge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1990/000173
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Torodd Eeg Olsen
Original Assignee
Torodd Eeg Olsen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Torodd Eeg Olsen filed Critical Torodd Eeg Olsen
Publication of WO1991008344A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991008344A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
    • E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for constructing and assembling suspension bridges, and in particular suspen- sion bridges with bridge girders in steel, aluminum or concrete.
  • the invention will allow cost effective fabri ⁇ cation and erection of the bridge from one complete bridge girder, or a few prefabricated and outfitted bridge girder elements.
  • the known methods (fig. 1 and 2) in suspension bridge building involves erection of the bridge in small bridge girder elements by the use of either a cable crane running on the suspension cables or by using a floating crane.
  • the reason for the assembly of the bridge girder from a number of small sections with lengths varying from 12 to 36 meters is the suspension cable and hangers ability to support the forces in the hangers, the bending moment in the girder element and the bending of the suspension cables over the hanger clamps created by the weight and length of the girder sections.
  • suspension cables (6) should have a parabolic geometry when the bridge is complete, and the bridge girder an arch geometry when installed. Therefore the hangers are made up in different but fixed lengths with no or few possibilities of length adjustments.
  • the present invention makes it possible to fabricate the bridge girder on the ground level, preferably in a yard, without any of the limitations mentioned above.
  • the construction method will therefore open up for a near complete prefabrication of the bridge span under cover and under controlled atmospheric conditions.
  • the bridge girder may be fully outfitted with rails, light masts, electric wiring, painted etc. before transport to the erection site. As the fabrication of the bridge girder takes place under cover, it will also allow the use of other materials like aluminium, which will reduce the weight and later maintenance of the girder.
  • the invention makes it possible to fabricate and install girder sections longer than the length between two hanger cables. This is vital, as long and outfitted sections will reduce work on site and assembly in the span.
  • the productivity will be improved, the site team will be reduced, the project execution time will be reduced, and so will the cost.
  • the combined reduction in cost and shorter delivery time will improve his cash flow and net present value significantly.
  • the safety of men and the safety in the delivery time will be improved, and so will the quality of the product.
  • the present invention will allow full control and adjustment of the suspension cable geometry at the same time as it opens up for lifting of section weighing 500 to 5000 metric tonnes and section lengths of 50 to 1000 meters.
  • the elevation and installation of the bridge girder or the bridge girder sections will preferably be made using hydrau- lie winches called hydraulic pulling machines, but also other hoisting remedies may be used, like winches etc.
  • the number of pulling machines will be according to the weight of the girder, the accepted change in curvature of the suspension cable over the hanger clamp, and the strength of the girder.
  • the pulling machines may be positioned on the suspension cable, or hanging down from the hanger clamps. It is also possible to let the pulling machines be connected to the girder or a lifting machine yoke attached to the girder.
  • Climbing cables which ends has been secured to either the girder or to the lifting cable yoke depending on the position of the pulling machines, will pass through the pulling machines.
  • These wires are called climbing wires, and will normally not be a part of the bridge.
  • the bridge girder may be lifted into position in the span.
  • the pulling machines may be controlled by adjusting the hydraulic pressure which corresponds with the load in the lifting cables, hence the suspension cable geometry.
  • Fig. 1-2 demonstrates the commonly used methods of erection of suspension bridges.
  • Fig. 3-5 demonstrates the detailed geometry problem during lifting of bridge girder elements.
  • Fig. 6-7 demonstrates the sequences for the erection of a suspension bridge by elevating one continuous girder element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 8-11 demonstrates the sequence for the erection of a suspension bridge by elevating several long girder elements according to the invention.
  • Fig. 12 demonstrates schematically the hydraulic system.
  • Fig. 13 demonstrates alternative 1 of the lifting gear using single lifting machines.
  • Fig. 14 demonstrates alternative 2 of the lifting gear position using tandem lifting machines.
  • Fig. 15 demonstrates alternative 3 of the lifting gear position using inverted tandem lifting machines.
  • Fig. 16 demonstrates alternative 4 of the lifting gear position using inverted tandem lifting machines .
  • Fig. 1 show the common way of erecting a suspension bridge.
  • the small bridge girder elements 1 are brought to the site by barges 5 and lifted by using a cable crane 2 rolling on the suspension cables 6 and operated by means of cable crane wires and cable crane winches 4 situated at the pylons or on the cable crane itself.
  • Fig. 2 show the commonly used method of installation by means of a floating crane.
  • the procedure will be equal to the one described in Fig.l.
  • the disadvantages of using a floating crane is that its position has to be controlled by using anchors, lines to shore etc.
  • the position of the crane derrick may create restrictions and risk, in that the crane derrick must reach between the suspension cables, over the suspension cables or under them during the different sequences of lifting.
  • Fig.3, 4 and 5 show the problem around lifting and installing long bridge girder elements 12.
  • the suspension cable geometry 6 will be forced to have the correct geometric form, normally a parabola, over the bridge girder element if the hangers 15 are connected to the bridge girder 12. If such an installation is allowed, the curvature of the suspension cable 6 from the hanger clamp 8 to the pylon top will create a vertical force in the lifting cable 17 and the lifting machine 22. In addition to creating a bending moment on the bridge girder 12, the change in angle 16 of the suspension cable may cause overstressing and deformation.
  • the vertical force in the lifting cable 17 will increase with increasing bridge girder section length up till its maximum at a girder section length about 50 5 of the total span width. Then the vertical force start to decrease, and by a girder section length of 100 ⁇ f> of the span length, the force will be equal to the individual hanger loads.
  • a system has been invented that compensates for the geometry and force problem by allowing the suspension cable 6 to take a different geometry 33. This is done by paying out on the lifting machines 21, 22 so that the hanger clamp 8 take a new position 19, and the suspension cable get a more soft transition over the outermost hanger clamps 20, 19 and up to the pylon top.
  • the control of the suspension cable geometry 33 may be done by using distance measuring device, for example wires 29 or tape hanging down from the respective hanger clamps into the sea 31 or down to the ground. At the end of the wires 29 weights 30 may be attached for stabilization and to keep the wires 29 taught.
  • length measuring instruments 34 may be connected, and the distance from the suspension cable 6 down to the bridge girder 12 may be measured.
  • the method of controlling the compensation on the outermost lifting machines 21, 22 may be performed by using hydraulic pressure valves set for a predetermined maximum pressure, or directly by signals from the distance measuring instruments 34 to solenoid valves controlling the individual lifting on the machines.
  • an angle-measuring instru ⁇ ment may be connected to the hanger clamps 19, 20, and the angle readings or signals used for control of the lifting machines 21, 22.
  • Fig.6 and 7 show the installation of a near complete bridge girder 11.
  • the long bridge girder shall preferably be fabricated at a yard, and fully outfitted with rails, electric lights, and even pavement.
  • the bridge girder 11 shall preferably be made self floating, so that the transportation to site may be made without using barges.
  • the bending moments created in the bridge girder by the water and the fact that the girder is slightly curved, may be compensated by using ballast at the ends.
  • the girder 11 shall be brought under the suspension cables, and lifted on wires into its predetermined position in the span.
  • the hydraulic lifting machines 9 also called linear pulling machines or center hole jacks, may be installed in different manners, on the suspension cables, hanging down from the suspension cables, on the girder, under the girder or even inside the girder.
  • the lifting cables 10 should preferably be fitted with stabilizing submerged weights.
  • the girder 11 shall be positioned under the bridge span, the lifting cables 10 attached to the lifting machines 9, and made taught by using the machines.
  • the pulling machines load may be set equal, and all machines hooked up to the same hydraulic line.
  • the lifting process start by lifting the girder 11 out of the water. During this part of the lifting process, it is important to let air enter under the girder in a controlled way, and to reduce the forces imposed by wave movements. Therefore, it is advised to start lifting the girder 11 in a slightly tilted position.
  • the girder 11 may be made horizontal. From this position on and up, the lifting shall be performed by a synchronous operation of the pulling machines.
  • Lifting the girder 11 into position in this manner will put an even load on the lifting machines 9 provided the lifting machines are controlled, and are working synchronous. This may be achieved by making even, or controlling the hydraulic pressure in the machines, or by using the readings from the geometry monitoring instruments 34.
  • the dilatation elements may be lifted in position using the above described method, and finally connected to the girder and to the ramp by welding and bolting.
  • Fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11 show the erection of a bridge consisting of prefabricated long bridge girder elements 12, 13, 14.
  • the bridge girder elements 12, 13, 14 etc. will be prefabri ⁇ cated and outfitted in a yard. They will be brought to the building site floating or on barges, and positioned under the suspension cables 6.
  • the sections 12, 13, 14 will be prefabricated and brought under the bridge span.
  • the start of the lifting sequence will be as described for the full-length girder.
  • the difference in method of installation is related to the balance between suspension cable geometry and the stress in the outermost hanger cables.
  • the center element 12 should preferably be installed first.
  • the outermost lifting machines 21, 22 shall be set to control the maximum forces in the hangers, thereby also controlling the suspension cable geometry.
  • the lifting machines 9 lifting the two sections shall communicate through a hydraulic line, an electric cable or radio link.
  • the compensating lifting machines 21, 22 for the central girder section 12 already in position will now pull down the suspension cable 6 as the load Is partially taken over by the lifting machines 9 elevating the two girder elements 13, 14.
  • the hangers 15 are attached to the girders 13, 14 part from the outermost hangers, where the lifting machines are compensating the forces.
  • Fig.12 show a simplified diagram of the hydraulic system.
  • the lifting machines 9 are connected to the suspension cables 6 via the lifting cables 10.
  • the hydraulic power package 26 will normally consist of a tank for hydraulic oil 27, and one or more hydraulic pumps 28 providing hydraulic pressure to the lifting machines via hydraulic lines.
  • Fig. 13 show a simple way of hanging up the lifting machines.
  • the cable solution shown 6, 8 Is called an "open” cable, but the same type of arrangement may be applied on the "closed” types of suspension cables.
  • the lifting machine 9 is hanging down from the hanger clamp 8, and Is lifting the bridge girder 12 by the lifting cable
  • FIG.14 show lifting by tandem lifting machines 9 connected to a lifting machine yoke 23 positioned over the hanger clamp 8.
  • the lifting machines 9 are lifting the girder 12 by the lifting cables 10 connected to a lifting cable yoke 24 connected to the upper hanger 15 via its terminal.
  • Fig. 15 show lifting by reversed tandem machines 9 connected to a lifting machine yoke 23 which in turn is connected to the lifting ear of the bridge girder 12.
  • the upper end of the lifting cables 10 is connected to a cable yoke 24 positioned over the hanger clamp 8.
  • Fig. 16 show lifting by reversed tandem machines 9 connected to a lifting machine yoke 23 which in turn is connected to the lifting ear of the bridge girder 12.
  • the upper end of the lifting cables 10 Is connected to a lifting cable yoke 24 which is clamped to the hanger cable 15 by bolts 36 and a distance piece 35 to allow the hanger terminal to reach down to the lifting ear on the bridge girder 12.
  • the lifting device may be arranged on, or at the suspension cables, under the bridge girder element or inside the element, and may consist of ordinary cable winches, climbing machines, hydraulic jacking systems with bolts or tube pieces in stead of cables.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

Méthode de construction et d'assemblage de ponts suspendus. La poutre principale en acier, aluminium, ou béton (11) est suspendue par des câbles ou des tiges d'accrochage (15) à des câbles ou des tiges de suspension (6). Cette poutre de pont est, soit fabriquée d'une seule pièce, soit composée d'éléments d'une dimension supérieure à la distance séparant deux tiges ou câbles d'accrochage (15). La poutre de pont (11) est transportée et placée sous les câbles de suspension (6) au niveau du sol, puis élevée progressivement dans l'écartement du pont jusqu'à sa position définitive. Elle est alors fixée par verrouillage aux câbles ou tiges d'accrochage (15).
PCT/NO1990/000173 1989-11-29 1990-11-23 Methode de construction de ponts suspendus WO1991008344A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO894762 1989-11-29
NO894762A NO168594C (no) 1989-11-29 1989-11-29 Fremgangsmaate for bygging av hengebro

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991008344A1 true WO1991008344A1 (fr) 1991-06-13

Family

ID=19892633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1990/000173 WO1991008344A1 (fr) 1989-11-29 1990-11-23 Methode de construction de ponts suspendus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6749290A (fr)
NO (1) NO168594C (fr)
WO (1) WO1991008344A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0617171A1 (fr) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 P.G. Brown Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un pont suspendu
US5816192A (en) * 1994-10-11 1998-10-06 Maasland N.V. Feed wagon
WO2002095134A1 (fr) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Abdeghafour Ben Kiran Ponts de grande envergure
CN104818665A (zh) * 2015-04-27 2015-08-05 中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司 一种用于大跨度悬索管道桥的抗风方法
CN107245957A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-10-13 湖南路桥建设集团有限责任公司 一种空中无轨架设悬索桥加劲梁的方法和设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114086482B (zh) * 2021-12-13 2023-08-01 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 一种悬索桥钢梁架设方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1658631A1 (de) * 1967-10-13 1970-10-29 Strabag Bau Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen mehrfeldriger Bruecken oder dergleichen
US3832748A (en) * 1972-11-01 1974-09-03 W Ogletree Erecting segmental spans
FR2580687A1 (fr) * 1985-04-23 1986-10-24 Wieczorek Julien Procedes de construction, installations industrielles et navires-engins speciaux pour la realisation d'ouvrages metalliques geants

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1658631A1 (de) * 1967-10-13 1970-10-29 Strabag Bau Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen mehrfeldriger Bruecken oder dergleichen
US3832748A (en) * 1972-11-01 1974-09-03 W Ogletree Erecting segmental spans
FR2580687A1 (fr) * 1985-04-23 1986-10-24 Wieczorek Julien Procedes de construction, installations industrielles et navires-engins speciaux pour la realisation d'ouvrages metalliques geants

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0617171A1 (fr) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 P.G. Brown Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour la construction d'un pont suspendu
US5816192A (en) * 1994-10-11 1998-10-06 Maasland N.V. Feed wagon
WO2002095134A1 (fr) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Abdeghafour Ben Kiran Ponts de grande envergure
CN104818665A (zh) * 2015-04-27 2015-08-05 中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司 一种用于大跨度悬索管道桥的抗风方法
CN107245957A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-10-13 湖南路桥建设集团有限责任公司 一种空中无轨架设悬索桥加劲梁的方法和设备
CN107245957B (zh) * 2017-08-16 2022-11-15 湖南路桥建设集团有限责任公司 一种空中无轨架设悬索桥加劲梁的方法和设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6749290A (en) 1991-06-26
NO894762L (no) 1991-05-30
NO168594C (no) 1992-03-11
NO894762D0 (no) 1989-11-29
NO168594B (no) 1991-12-02

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