WO1989002156A1 - OPTIMISATION DE LA MICROSTRUCTURE D'AIMANTS FRITTES A BASE DE Fe-Nd-B - Google Patents

OPTIMISATION DE LA MICROSTRUCTURE D'AIMANTS FRITTES A BASE DE Fe-Nd-B Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989002156A1
WO1989002156A1 PCT/EP1988/000555 EP8800555W WO8902156A1 WO 1989002156 A1 WO1989002156 A1 WO 1989002156A1 EP 8800555 W EP8800555 W EP 8800555W WO 8902156 A1 WO8902156 A1 WO 8902156A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
magnets
sintered
composition
sintered magnet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1988/000555
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Waldemar Draxler
Adolf Meller
Friedrich J. Esper
Klaus-Dieter Durst
Ernst Theo Henig
Helmut KRONMÜLLER
Günter Petzow
Gerhard Schneider
Original Assignee
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Wissensc
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Wissensc, Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Wissensc
Publication of WO1989002156A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989002156A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sintered magnet based on Fe-Nd-B with improved properties and its manufacture.
  • Fe 14 Nd 2 B hereinafter referred to as referred to as the carrier of the magnetic properties
  • L phase An Nd-rich phase (consisting essentially of Nd, Nd 2 O 3 and pores) hereinafter referred to as L phase, which is liquid above 655 ° C and both good compression by liquid phase sintering, as well as a magnetic Decoupling of neighboring S grains causes and
  • Fe 4 NdB 4 hereinafter referred to as ⁇ phase, which is paramagnetic above 13 K and is therefore regarded as the main cause of the disadvantages explained above.
  • the volume fraction of the ⁇ phase is, for example, 5 to 8%, the fraction of the L phase is approximately 10% and the rest consists of the ferromagnetic 35 phase.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the magnetic properties of sintered magnets of the Fe-Nd-B type and in particular to improve the coercive To improve the field strength as such and its temperature dependency and also to increase the remanence.
  • a sintered magnet based on Fe-Nd-B which is characterized in that its structure is free of Fe 4 NdB 4 grains ( ⁇ phase) which are larger than 0.5 ⁇ m and its composition at sintering temperature in the 2-phase area Fe 14 Nd 2 B and Nd-rich, liquid phase (L phase) above 655 ° C.
  • FIG. 1 shows this new phase diagram in the form of an isothermal section at 1060 ° C., the 2-phase region mentioned being shown in broken lines.
  • the composition of two-phase alloys must lie in the triangle that is spanned by the following points: Fe 82.3 Nd 11.8 B 5.9 , Fe 58.5 Nd 38 B 3.5 and Fe 60.5 Nd 27 B 12.5 .
  • Sintered magnets of this composition according to the invention are therefore preferred.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show the difference in the structure between the known magnets (2a) and the magnets (2b) according to the invention.
  • the composition of the magnet of FIG. 2a corresponds to the formula Fe 77 Nd 15 B 8 .
  • The is light, the ⁇ phase is gray, the L phase is shown in black.
  • the magnet of FIG. 2b corresponds to the composition Fe 75 Nd 18.5 B 6.5 .
  • the appearance of the gray ⁇ phase is no longer recognizable here.
  • This sintered magnet with the composition Fe 75 Nd 18.5 B 6.5 typically has the following properties at room temperature:
  • the sintered magnets according to the invention can also contain other elements alloyed.
  • one or more of the elements Co, Al, Dy, Tb and C can be present as alloy constituents in the amounts known from the literature in order to influence properties such as crystal anisotropy, Curie temperature and magnetic moment.
  • the sintered magnet according to the invention can preferably contain 0 to 20 at.% Co, 0 to 15 at.% Al, 0 to 20 at.% Dy, 0 to 20 at.% Tb and 0 to 12.5 at.% C included.
  • the general superiority of the 2-phase magnets according to the invention, even when alloying one or more of the above-mentioned additional elements, can be seen in FIG. 3, where the temperature dependence of the coercive field strength of 3 Fe-Nd-B base magnets according to the prior art without an additional element, or with the addition of Al or Dy is compared with the correspondingly composed magnets according to the invention.
  • the 3-phase magnets of the prior art have the composition Nd 15 Fe 77 B 8 , Nd 15 (Fe 75 Al 2 ) B 8 and
  • the corresponding 2-phase magnets according to the invention have the composition
  • the sintered magnets according to the invention are produced from a master alloy, for example from a composition of the pure components (purity 99% or better) in a manner known per se, by powder metallurgy.
  • the production is preferably carried out by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the pressing direction to a powder mixture of the components, compressing the powder axially to form a green compact, and sintering the green compact in an inert gas atmosphere, preferably a noble gas atmosphere, at a temperature of 1040 to 1080 ° C and then at 500 up to 700 ° C.
  • a WC-Co vibration ball mill in an inert gas atmosphere is suitable for producing the powder mixture of the components.
  • the powder is aligned and then axially pressed by applying a magnetic field of preferably 0.4 to 0.6 T perpendicular to the pressing direction.
  • the pressing pressure is preferably 500 to 800 MPa, particularly preferably 450 to 550 MPa.
  • the sintering itself is preferably carried out in the range from 1050 to 1070 ° C. and then takes about 0.5 to 3 hours depending on the conditions used.
  • the final tempering which is generally carried out at 500 to 700 ° C and preferably at 550 to 650 ° C, usually takes 0.2 to 4 hours.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Des aimants frittés à base de Fe-Nd-B se caractérisent par le fait que leur microstructure ne contient aucun grain de Fe4NdB4 (phase eta) de taille supérieure à 0,5 mum. Leur composition à la température de frittage se situe dans la région à deux phases riche en Fe14Nd2B (phase PHI) et en Nd, au-dessus de la phase liquide (phase L) à 655°C.
PCT/EP1988/000555 1987-09-02 1988-06-23 OPTIMISATION DE LA MICROSTRUCTURE D'AIMANTS FRITTES A BASE DE Fe-Nd-B WO1989002156A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873729361 DE3729361A1 (de) 1987-09-02 1987-09-02 Optimierung der gefuegestruktur des fe-nd-b-basis sintermagneten
DEP3729361.3 1987-09-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989002156A1 true WO1989002156A1 (fr) 1989-03-09

Family

ID=6335083

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1988/000555 WO1989002156A1 (fr) 1987-09-02 1988-06-23 OPTIMISATION DE LA MICROSTRUCTURE D'AIMANTS FRITTES A BASE DE Fe-Nd-B

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1032262A (fr)
DE (1) DE3729361A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989002156A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0505348A1 (fr) * 1991-03-18 1992-09-23 BÖHLER YBBSTALWERKE G.m.b.H. Matériau pour aimant permanant ou aimant permanant fritté et procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4142160C1 (fr) * 1991-12-20 1993-03-11 Heraeus Elektrochemie Gmbh, 6450 Hanau, De
DE19945943B4 (de) * 1999-09-24 2005-06-02 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Borarme Nd-Fe-B-Legierung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0177371A1 (fr) * 1984-10-05 1986-04-09 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Méthode de fabrication d'aimants permanents
EP0197712B1 (fr) * 1985-03-28 1990-01-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Aimant permanent à base de terre rare, de fer et de bore

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0177371A1 (fr) * 1984-10-05 1986-04-09 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Méthode de fabrication d'aimants permanents
EP0197712B1 (fr) * 1985-03-28 1990-01-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Aimant permanent à base de terre rare, de fer et de bore

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0505348A1 (fr) * 1991-03-18 1992-09-23 BÖHLER YBBSTALWERKE G.m.b.H. Matériau pour aimant permanant ou aimant permanant fritté et procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3729361A1 (de) 1989-03-16
CN1032262A (zh) 1989-04-05

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